Complementary sensor array detection device and method for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation

Abstract

Disclosed are a complementary sensor array detection device and method for constant-temperature vacuum oil-gas separation in circulating oil. The device comprises an oil circuit, a degassing branch, and a detection branch. The oil circuit features oil sample circulation and degassing, electromagnetic stirring, and oil sample refilling. The degassing branch provides accelerated degassing, secondary separation, and oil mist removal. The detection branch features gas enrichment, pressure detection, and rapid detection of trace characteristic gases using a complementary sensor array. The circuit also includes a complementary sensor array detection device for dissolved gas in oil. Working in conjunction with the oil-gas separation device, it provides rapid detection and complementary sensor array signal self-calibration, improving the detection device's accuracy and long-term stability. This device enables full-lifecycle, miniaturized, high-volume, low-power, and environmentally friendly detection of transformer equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of separation and detection of dissolved gas in transformer oil, in particular to a complementary sensor array detection device and method for constant-temperature vacuum oil-gas separation in circulating oil. Background Art

[0002] Oil-gas separation is a crucial step in the online detection of dissolved gases in transformer oil. Research has shown that the repeatability and accuracy of oil-gas separation are the most important factors determining measurement results. The oil-gas separation unit is required to automatically separate multiple gases (H2, CO, CO2, CH4, C2H4, C2H6, C2H2) dissolved in the oil in a short separation time, generally less than 2 hours. Furthermore, the unit must be free of contamination (moisture, impurities, air) to ensure that the separated oil sample can be returned to the transformer.

[0003] Currently, the main oil-gas separation technologies include vacuum pump degassing, dynamic headspace degassing, and static headspace balance. Vacuum degassing uses a vacuum pump to extract dissolved gases from the oil. While this method ensures a high degassing rate and high accuracy, it is complex, unreliable, and has high maintenance costs. Dynamic headspace degassing involves continuous gas extraction, which offers rapid degassing, typically completed within 45 minutes. However, oil samples are difficult to recover after analysis, and its structure is relatively complex and maintenance costs are high. Static headspace balance allows the oil in the sampling bottle to enter the top gas chamber through the contact surface with the top gas, gradually reaching equilibrium. This method degasses quickly and allows the oil sample to circulate, but the degassing volume is low and accuracy is compromised. The detection method used in conjunction with this method is mostly gas chromatography. The chromatograph is expensive and consumes a lot of power, and the auxiliary detection equipment is complex and unreliable. The detection process is cumbersome, making it unsuitable for mass testing and on-site equipment deployment.

[0004] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the challenges of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a complementary sensor array detection device and method for circulating oil constant-temperature vacuum oil-gas separation, achieving full-lifecycle, fast, efficient, highly reliable, large-scale, miniaturized, low-power, and environmentally friendly oil-gas separation and detection.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation includes:

[0007] The oil circuit is configured to vacuum oil inlet, circulate oil sample, vacuum degassing, electromagnetic stirring and oil sample refilling, and the oil circuit includes:

[0008] Power transformers;

[0009] A manual valve V1, one end of which is connected to the power transformer and the other end is connected to the oil filter;

[0010] An oil filter, one end of which is connected to the manual valve V1 and the other end is connected to the nozzle;

[0011] A degassing chamber is connected to the oil circuit and the degassing branch. The nozzle and two oil guide plates are installed on the upper side wall of the degassing chamber, and a magnetic stirrer for constant temperature control and degassing is configured at the bottom;

[0012] an oil pump, one end of which is connected to the degassing chamber to pump the oil in the degassing chamber back to the power transformer;

[0013] Manual valve V2, one end of which is connected to the other end of the oil pump and the other end is connected to the power transformer;

[0014] Solenoid valve V5, one end of which is connected to point B between the oil pump and the degassing chamber;

[0015] A syringe, one end of which is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V6;

[0016] a motor, one end of which is connected to the piston rod end of the syringe;

[0017] Solenoid valve V6, one end of which is connected to point A between the oil filter and the degassing chamber, and the other end is connected to point C between the solenoid valve V5 and the syringe;

[0018] A degassing branch configured to accelerate degassing, secondary separation, and oil mist removal, wherein the degassing branch is connected to the top of the degassing chamber, and the degassing circuit comprises:

[0019] a separation chamber, one end of which is connected to the degassing chamber and has two spoilers disposed therein;

[0020] a solenoid valve V3, one end of which is connected to the separation chamber;

[0021] an oil mist remover, one end of which is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V3;

[0022] a solenoid valve V4, one end of which is connected to the other end of the oil mist remover;

[0023] a first vacuum pump, one end of which is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V4;

[0024] A detection branch configured for gas enrichment, pressure detection, and rapid detection of trace characteristic gases using a complementary sensing array. The detection branch connects point D between the oil mist remover and the solenoid valve V4 in the degassing branch. The detection branch includes:

[0025] The enrichment chamber has one end connected to point D;

[0026] A detection device is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V5 to measure the concentration of dissolved gas in the oil. The detection device includes:

[0027] a solenoid valve V21, one end of which is connected to the other end of the enrichment chamber;

[0028] A complementary sensing array detection chamber, one end of which is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V21, and the complementary sensing array detection chamber includes:

[0029] a complementary sensor array unit comprising a plurality of sensors for respectively detecting each single gas dissolved in the oil;

[0030] a processing unit connected to the complementary sensor array units to decouple cross-interference of the complementary sensor array units and identify the concentration of each single gas dissolved in the oil;

[0031] a solenoid valve V22, one end of which is connected to the other end of the complementary sensing array detection chamber;

[0032] a second vacuum pump, one end of which is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V22;

[0033] a solenoid valve V23, one end of which is connected to point E between the complementary sensing array detection chamber and the solenoid valve V22;

[0034] A pressure gauge P2 is provided between point E between the complementary sensing array detection chamber and the solenoid valve V23 and the solenoid valve V23 to measure pressure data;

[0035] a standard gas cylinder connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V23;

[0036] A pressure gauge P1 is provided between the enrichment chamber and the detection device to measure pressure data.

[0037] In the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation, the complementary sensor array unit includes a plurality of metal oxide gas sensors for respectively detecting acetylene, methane, carbon monoxide, trace water and VOC gas dissolved in oil.

[0038] In the complementary sensing array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation, the metal oxide gas sensor is based on MEMS film compatible with precious metal doping.

[0039] In the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation, the noble metal doping is based on density functional calculation to calculate the complementary characteristics of the electronic properties of each decomposition product, and each dissolved gas in the oil uniquely corresponds to the optimal sensor array unit.

[0040] In the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation,

[0041] A data set of responses of each array unit to random target gas mixtures was constructed, and the Kendall correlation coefficient between the response of each unit in the complementary array and the gas component concentration was calculated. The machine learning extremely random tree model was combined to perform gas type recognition training, and the feature score of the training model was used to evaluate the selected array to obtain the optimal sensor array unit.

[0042] In the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation,

[0043] The assessment includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1) Continuously collect responses of each array unit to a random concentration target gas mixture at the same time and space for 24 hours, and clean the abnormal data to obtain a response data set;

[0045] Step 2) Based on the response data set, the Kendall correlation coefficients of each array element and the target gases acetylene, methane, and carbon monoxide dissolved in oil are calculated. The array element with the largest Kendall coefficient for the unique gas is evaluated as having complementary characteristics.

[0046] Step 3) Set the target gas type identifier y in the data set, where the value of y ranges from 0 to 7, corresponding to eight combinations of three target gas types. Combined with the evaluation results of step 2), target gas type classification training is carried out based on the extremely random tree model. Each node is separated based on the response threshold of the array unit. The normalized feature score is defined by calculating the number of times each array unit appears in the decision tree and the reduction in classification impurity. A higher feature score corresponds to a higher effectiveness of the array unit. Combined with the evaluation results, the optimal sensor array unit is constructed.

[0047] In the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation, the processing unit includes an embedded system equipped with a convolutional neural network. The convolutional neural network inherits the staggered group convolutional neural network and combines multi-task joint loss to decouple gas concentration and type.

[0048] In the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation, the injector, driven by a motor, extracts part of the oil in the degassing chamber and then sprays it into the degassing chamber through a nozzle, accelerating the escape of gas and achieving a certain vacuum degree in the degassing chamber. At the same time, the degassing gas can be pressed into the upper separation chamber and enrichment chamber.

[0049] In the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation, two spoilers are installed on both sides of the inner wall of the separation chamber. The lower spoiler is at 70°~80° to the inner wall, and the upper spoiler is at 60°~70° to the inner wall. The two spoilers are used to decelerate the degassing gas that still contains some oil and re-enter the separation chamber under the action of the spoiler, so that the oil adheres to the lower side of the spoiler after encountering the plate and flows back to the degassing chamber along the inner wall, thereby improving the quality of the degassing gas.

[0050] In the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation, the inner wall of the degassing chamber is installed with oil guide plates at angles to each other to guide the oil sprayed from the nozzle to slowly flow along the plate into the oil below the degassing chamber to prevent the generation of bubbles. At the same time, the oil can increase the surface area as it slowly flows down along the oil guide plate to accelerate degassing.

[0051] In the complementary sensing array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation, the first vacuum pump is used to assist in oil and gas separation and detection, and the vacuum pump is used to vacuum the gas path before each oil pumping.

[0052] The detection method of the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1) Close manual valve V1 and manual valve V2, close solenoid valve V5, solenoid valve V6, solenoid valve V21, solenoid valve V22, and solenoid valve V23, open solenoid valve V3 and solenoid valve V4, and start the first vacuum pump to evacuate;

[0054] Step 2) When the pressure data measured by the pressure gauge P1 reaches the first set value, the solenoid valve V3 and the solenoid valve V4 are closed in sequence, and the first vacuum pump is turned off;

[0055] Step 3) Close the solenoid valve V21 and the solenoid valve V23, open the solenoid valve V22, and start the second vacuum pump to evacuate the air;

[0056] Step 4) When the pressure data measured by the pressure gauge P2 reaches the second set value, close the solenoid valve V22 and turn off the second vacuum pump;

[0057] Step 5) Open manual valve V1, and the transformer oil is filtered through the oil filter and filled into the degassing chamber. Open solenoid valve V3 and start the magnetic stirrer to start degassing. Then close manual valve V1, open solenoid valve V5, and draw a certain amount of transformer oil from the degassing chamber with a syringe. Then close solenoid valve V5. At the same time, the degassing gas passes through the separation chamber to further separate the oil carried by the degassing gas, passes through the oil mist remover to remove the oil mist still contained in the gas, and finally enters the enrichment chamber for temporary storage;

[0058] Step 6) Open the solenoid valve V6, the motor will be injected into the degassing chamber again through the nozzle after the oil in the syringe is completely sprayed, close the solenoid valve V6, and cycle steps 5 to 6;

[0059] Step 7) After the pressure data measured by pressure gauge P1 stabilizes, stop the circulation, open solenoid valve V6 to push the oil in the syringe into the degassing chamber, close solenoid valves V3 and V6, and turn off the magnetic stirrer;

[0060] Step 8) Open the solenoid valve V21, allowing the gas in the enrichment chamber to enter the complementary sensor array detection chamber. The complementary sensor array begins to detect the gas content under normal pressure. After the complementary sensor array unit 25 is fully in contact with the gas, a response is obtained and transmitted to the processing unit to obtain the detection result;

[0061] Step 9) After the test is completed, open the solenoid valve V21 and the solenoid valve V22, start the second vacuum pump, and extract the gas from the pipeline and the complementary sensor array detection chamber;

[0062] Step 10) When the pressure data measured by the pressure gauge P2 reaches the second set value, close the solenoid valve V21 and the solenoid valve V22, and turn off the second vacuum pump;

[0063] Step 11) Open the manual valve V2 and start the oil pump to pump the transformer oil in the degassing chamber back to the transformer;

[0064] Step 12) Close the manual valve V2 and turn off the oil pump.

[0065] In the detection method, the second set value is smaller than the first set value.

[0066] In the detection method, the first set value is 1 bar and the second set value is 10 mbar.

[0067] The self-calibration method of the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation includes the following steps:

[0068] Step 1) Close all manual valves and solenoid valves, open solenoid valve V22, and start the second vacuum pump to evacuate the air;

[0069] Step 2) When the pressure data measured by the pressure gauge P2 reaches the second set value, close the solenoid valve V22 and turn off the second vacuum pump;

[0070] Step 3) Open the solenoid valve V23 to pass the standard gas into the complementary sensor array detection chamber and contact the complementary sensor array unit, and calibrate the drift of the complementary sensor array detection chamber under normal pressure;

[0071] Step 4) After calibration is complete, close solenoid valve V23 and repeat steps 1 and 2.

[0072] In the self-calibration method, the drift calibration includes the detection signal zero drift calibration and the complementary sensing array detection chamber pressure self-calibration.

[0073] Compared with existing technologies, this invention offers the following advantages: fast detection speed, simple operation, miniaturization, low power consumption, and high reliability. Constant-temperature vacuum oil-gas separation of circulating oil and complementary sensor array detection of dissolved gas in oil replaces the traditional separate oil-gas separation and gas chromatography detection. The coordinated integration of oil-gas separation and detection within the device enables online monitoring throughout the equipment's lifecycle, improving detection efficiency, significantly reducing monitoring time, and lowering oil sample consumption. This also supports the emerging concept of green, low-carbon, and sustainable development. Self-calibration addresses the long-term stability issues of metal oxide sensors, improving overall system reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0074] Various other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are intended only to illustrate preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings described below are merely examples of the present invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to derive other drawings from these drawings without inventive effort. Throughout the drawings, identical reference numerals are used to denote identical components.

[0075] In the attached figure:

[0076] Figure 1 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil-gas separation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil-gas separation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0078] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] The following will refer to the attached Figures 1 to 2 Specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in greater detail. Although specific embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to facilitate a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0080] It should be noted that certain words are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art should understand that technicians may use different nouns to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not use the difference in nouns as a way to distinguish components, but use the difference in the functions of the components as the criterion for distinction. As mentioned throughout the specification and claims, "including" or "comprising" is an open term, so it should be interpreted as "including but not limited to". The subsequent description of the specification is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the description is based on the general principles of the specification and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be as defined in the attached claims.

[0081] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, further explanation will be given below using specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the accompanying drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0082] For better understanding, in one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a complementary sensing array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation includes:

[0083] The oil circuit is configured to vacuum oil inlet, circulate oil sample, vacuum degassing, electromagnetic stirring and oil sample refilling, and the oil circuit includes:

[0084] Power transformers;

[0085] A manual valve V1, one end of which is connected to the power transformer and the other end is connected to the oil filter 7;

[0086] An oil filter 7, one end of which is connected to the manual valve V1 and the other end is connected to the nozzle 10;

[0087] A degassing chamber 9 is connected to an oil circuit and a degassing branch. A nozzle 10 and two oil guide plates 11 are installed on the upper side wall of the degassing chamber, and a magnetic stirrer 12 for constant temperature control and degassing is configured at the bottom;

[0088] an oil pump 8 , one end of which is connected to the degassing chamber 9 to pump the oil in the degassing chamber 9 back to the power transformer;

[0089] A manual valve V2, one end of which is connected to the other end of the oil pump 8 and the other end is connected to the power transformer;

[0090] Solenoid valve V5, one end of which is connected to point B between the oil pump 8 and the degassing chamber 9;

[0091] a syringe 19, one end of which is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V6;

[0092] a motor 20 , one end of which is connected to the piston rod end of the syringe 19 ;

[0093] Solenoid valve V6, one end of which is connected to point A between the oil filter 7 and the degassing chamber 9, and the other end is connected to point C between the solenoid valve V5 and the syringe 19;

[0094] A degassing branch configured to accelerate degassing, secondary separation, and oil mist removal, the degassing branch connected to the top of the degassing chamber 9, the degassing circuit comprising:

[0095] A separation chamber 13, one end of which is connected to the degassing chamber 9, and two spoilers 14 are provided inside the separation chamber 13;

[0096] a solenoid valve V3, one end of which is connected to the separation chamber 13;

[0097] an oil mist remover 15 , one end of which is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V3 ;

[0098] a solenoid valve V4, one end of which is connected to the other end of the oil mist remover 15;

[0099] a first vacuum pump 18, one end of which is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V4;

[0100] A detection branch configured for gas enrichment, pressure detection, and rapid detection of trace characteristic gases using a complementary sensing array. The detection branch connects point D between the oil mist remover 15 and the solenoid valve V4 in the degassing branch. The detection branch includes:

[0101] Enrichment chamber 16, one end of which is connected to point D;

[0102] A detection device 17 is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V5 to measure the concentration of dissolved gas in the oil. The detection device includes:

[0103] a solenoid valve V21, one end of which is connected to the other end of the enrichment chamber 16;

[0104] The complementary sensing array detection chamber 24 has one end connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V21. The complementary sensing array detection chamber includes:

[0105] a complementary sensor array unit 25 comprising a plurality of sensors for respectively detecting each single gas dissolved in the oil;

[0106] a processing unit 26 connected to the complementary sensor array unit 25 to decouple the cross-interference of the complementary sensor array units and identify the concentration of each single gas dissolved in the oil;

[0107] The electromagnetic valve V22 has one end connected to the other end of the complementary sensing array detection chamber 24.

[0108] a second vacuum pump 27, one end of which is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V22;

[0109] The electromagnetic valve V23 has one end connected to the point E between the complementary sensing array detection chamber 24 and the electromagnetic valve V22;

[0110] A pressure gauge P2 is provided between point E between the complementary sensing array detection chamber 24 and the solenoid valve V23 and the solenoid valve V23 to measure pressure data;

[0111] a calibration gas cylinder 28 connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V23;

[0112] A pressure gauge P1 is provided between the enrichment chamber 16 and the detection device 17 to measure pressure data.

[0113] In a preferred embodiment of the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation, the complementary sensor array unit includes multiple metal oxide gas sensors that respectively detect acetylene, methane, carbon monoxide, trace water and other VOC gases dissolved in oil.

[0114] In a preferred embodiment of the complementary sensing array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil-gas separation, the metal oxide gas sensor is based on a MEMS film compatible with precious metal doping.

[0115] In a preferred embodiment of the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil-gas separation, the design basis of the precious metal doping is based on density functional calculation of the complementary characteristics of the electronic properties of each decomposition product, and each decomposition product uniquely corresponds to the optimal sensor array unit.

[0116] In a preferred embodiment of the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant-temperature vacuum oil-gas separation, the optimal sensor array units are further evaluated by generating a dataset of each unit's response to a random target gas mixture, calculating the Kendall correlation coefficient for each unit and the feature score of a machine learning extreme random tree. These two evaluations are then combined to construct a complementary array. Kendall correlation coefficients are calculated for each unit's response to the gas component concentrations, and complementarity and consistency are assessed using the Kendall correlation coefficients. Gas type recognition training is then performed using a machine learning extreme random tree model, and the effectiveness of the selected array is evaluated using the feature scores of the trained model.

[0117] The complementary array evaluation comprises the following steps,

[0118] Step 1) Continuously collect responses of each array unit to a random concentration target gas mixture at the same time and space for 24 hours, and clean the abnormal data to obtain a response data set;

[0119] Step 2) Based on the response data set, the Kendall correlation coefficients of each array element and target gases such as acetylene, methane, and carbon monoxide dissolved in oil are calculated. If the Kendall coefficients of the same type of sensor for the target gas concentration vary slightly, it can be assessed that the MEMS film-compatible array elements have high consistency. If different types of sensors have large differences in the Kendall coefficients for each target gas concentration and have the largest Kendall coefficient for a single gas, it can be assessed that the array elements have complementary characteristics.

[0120] Step 3) Add the target gas type identifier y in the data set, where the y value ranges from 0 to 7, corresponding to eight combinations of three target gas types. Combined with the evaluation results of step 2), target gas type classification training is carried out based on the extremely randomized tree model. Each node is separated based on the response threshold of the array unit. The normalized feature score is defined by calculating the number of times each array unit appears in the decision tree and the reduction in classification impurity. A higher feature score corresponds to a higher effectiveness of the array unit. The optimal complementary array is constructed based on the evaluation results.

[0121] In a preferred embodiment of the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation, the processing unit includes an embedded system equipped with a lightweight convolutional neural network, which inherits the staggered group convolutional neural network and combines multi-task joint loss to decouple gas concentration and type.

[0122] In a preferred embodiment of the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil-gas separation, the injector, driven by a motor, extracts part of the oil in the degassing chamber and then sprays it into the degassing chamber through a nozzle, thereby accelerating gas escape and achieving a certain vacuum degree in the degassing chamber. At the same time, the degassing gas can be pressed into the upper separation chamber and the enrichment chamber.

[0123] In a preferred embodiment of the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation, two spoilers are installed on both sides of the inner wall of the separation chamber, the lower spoiler is at 70°~80° to the inner wall, and the upper spoiler is at 60°~70° to the inner wall. The two spoilers are used to decelerate the degassing gas that still contains some oil and re-enter the separation chamber under the action of the spoiler, so that the oil adheres to the lower side of the spoiler when it encounters the plate and flows back to the degassing chamber along the inner wall, thereby improving the quality of the degassing gas.

[0124] In a preferred embodiment of the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil-gas separation, the inner wall of the degassing chamber is installed with oil guide plates at angles to each other to guide the oil sprayed from the nozzle to slowly flow along the plates into the oil below the degassing chamber to prevent the generation of bubbles. At the same time, the oil can increase its surface area as it slowly flows down along the oil guide plates to accelerate degassing.

[0125] In a preferred embodiment of the complementary sensing array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation, the first vacuum pump is used to assist in oil and gas separation and detection, and the vacuum pump is used to vacuum the gas path before each oil pumping.

[0126] In one embodiment, a complementary sensor array unit is composed of multiple thin-film-compatible and precious metal-doped metal oxide gas sensors. This implementation targets dissolved gases such as acetylene, methane, carbon monoxide, and other VOCs in transformer oil, but the complementary array assembly method is not limited to this approach and can be expanded to include multiple MEMS thin-film-compatible sensor arrays. The key is their complementary nature. Although metal oxide sensors are not specific, array units can be designed with high selectivity for individual gases, leveraging their cross-sensitivity to identify mixed gases. Specifically, it includes: designing a complementary array based on density functional theory to calculate the adsorption energy, adsorption distance and charge transfer properties of the gas-sensitive unit for the target gas; combining MEMS micro-nano processing technology to make complementary gas-sensitive elements; further evaluating the sensor array units, generating a data set of responses of each unit to random target gas mixtures, calculating the Kendall correlation coefficient of each unit and the feature score of the machine learning extreme random tree, and combining the two evaluations to construct a complementary array; the array fusion intelligent sensing algorithm is equipped with a lightweight convolutional neural network on the embedded system. The network is obtained by the knowledge distillation technology of the staggered convolutional neural network. The cross-interference of the sensor array is automatically fused by training the staggered convolution kernel, and the gas concentration and type are collaboratively decoupled through the multi-task joint loss mechanism to realize the concentration identification of dissolved gas in transformer oil.

[0127] In summary, the complementary sensor array detection device for constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation of circulating oil can realize the rapid separation and detection of dissolved gases in transformer oil based on the thin film compatible metal oxide sensor of the complementary sensor array, and can replace the existing oil and gas separation device and gas chromatography online monitoring device. The complementary sensor array of the present invention has the advantages of fast detection speed, simple operation, miniaturization, low power consumption and high reliability. The constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation of circulating oil and the complementary sensor array detection of dissolved gas in oil replace the traditional method of separate oil and gas separation and gas chromatography detection. The oil and gas separation and detection inside the device work together to realize online monitoring of the equipment throughout its life cycle, improve detection efficiency, greatly reduce monitoring time, and reduce oil sample consumption. At the same time, it also responds to the new concept of green, low-carbon and sustainable development. Self-calibration solves the problem of poor long-term stability of metal oxide sensors and improves the reliability of the entire system.

[0128] In one embodiment, the oil guide plate 11 in the degassing chamber 9 has an angle of 60° between its upper side and the inner wall, and an angle of 75° between its lower side and the inner wall.

[0129] In one embodiment, the spoiler 14 in the separation chamber 13 has an angle of 80° between its lower spoiler and the inner wall, and an angle of 60° between its upper spoiler and the inner wall.

[0130] In one embodiment, the vacuum degrees of the pressure gauges P1 and P2 are set differently when the degassing branch is evacuated and the detection branch is evacuated, and the selected vacuum pump 27 is a high-vacuum miniature vacuum pump to achieve a lower vacuum degree to allow the gas in the enrichment chamber to enter the detection device 17, thereby realizing miniaturization of detection.

[0131] In one embodiment, a complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation includes an oil circuit, a degassing branch, and a detection branch. The oil circuit consists of a power transformer, a manual valve V1, an oil filter 7, a degassing chamber 9 (with an oil nozzle 10 and an oil guide plate 11 installed on the upper side and a magnetic stirrer 12 installed on the bottom), a solenoid valve V6 connected between pipelines A and B, a solenoid valve V5, an injector 19 and a motor 20, an oil pump 8, and a manual valve V2. The degassing branch consists of a separation chamber 13 (with a spoiler 14 installed inside), a solenoid valve V3, an oil mist remover 15, Solenoid valve V4, vacuum pump 18; the detection branch is composed of an enrichment chamber 16, a pressure gauge P1, and a detection device 17 (composed of a solenoid valve V21, a complementary sensor array detection chamber 24 and its built-in complementary sensor array unit 25, a processing unit 26, a solenoid valve V22, a vacuum pump 27, and a pressure gauge P2, a solenoid valve V23, and a standard gas bottle 28 connected in sequence at point B); the detection branch and the degassing branch are connected to point D.

[0132] The separation and detection method of the complementary sensing array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation includes the following steps:

[0133] Step 1) Close manual valve V1 and manual valve V2, close solenoid valve V5, solenoid valve V6, solenoid valve V21, solenoid valve V22, and solenoid valve V23, open solenoid valve V3 and solenoid valve V4, and start the first vacuum pump to evacuate;

[0134] Step 2) When the pressure data measured by the pressure gauge P1 reaches the first set value, the solenoid valve V3 and the solenoid valve V4 are closed in sequence, and the first vacuum pump is turned off;

[0135] Step 3) Close the solenoid valve V21 and the solenoid valve V23, open the solenoid valve V22, and start the second vacuum pump to evacuate the air;

[0136] Step 4) When the pressure data measured by the pressure gauge P2 reaches the second set value, close the solenoid valve V22 and turn off the second vacuum pump;

[0137] Step 5) Open manual valve V1, and the transformer oil is filtered through the oil filter and filled into the degassing chamber. Open solenoid valve V3 and start the magnetic stirrer to start degassing. Then close manual valve V1, open solenoid valve V5, and draw a certain amount of transformer oil from the degassing chamber with a syringe. Then close solenoid valve V5. At the same time, the degassing gas passes through the separation chamber to further separate the oil carried by the degassing gas, passes through the oil mist remover to remove the oil mist still contained in the gas, and finally enters the enrichment chamber for temporary storage;

[0138] Step 6) Open the solenoid valve V6, and after the oil in the syringe is completely sprayed into the degassing chamber again through the nozzle by the motor, close the solenoid valve V6 and repeat steps 5 to 6;

[0139] Step 7) After the pressure data measured by pressure gauge P1 stabilizes, stop the circulation, open solenoid valve V6 to push the oil in the syringe into the degassing chamber, close solenoid valves V3 and V6, and turn off the magnetic stirrer;

[0140] Step 8) Open the solenoid valve V21, allowing the gas in the enrichment chamber to enter the complementary sensor array detection chamber. The complementary sensor array begins to detect the gas content under normal pressure. After the complementary sensor array unit 25 is fully in contact with the gas, a response is obtained and transmitted to the processing unit to obtain the detection result;

[0141] Step 9) After the test is completed, open the solenoid valve V21 and the solenoid valve V22, start the second vacuum pump, and extract the gas from the pipeline and the complementary sensor array detection chamber;

[0142] Step 10) When the pressure data measured by the pressure gauge P2 reaches the second set value, close the solenoid valve V21 and the solenoid valve V22, and turn off the second vacuum pump;

[0143] Step 11) Open the manual valve V2 and start the oil pump to pump the transformer oil in the degassing chamber back to the transformer;

[0144] Step 12) Close the manual valve V2 and turn off the oil pump.

[0145] In a preferred embodiment of the separation and detection method, the second set value is smaller than the first set value.

[0146] In a preferred embodiment of the separation and detection method, the first set value is 1 bar, and the second set value is 10 mbar. The first set value of 1 bar is a requirement for vacuuming the pipeline, taking into account the adverse effects of air and residual impurity gases in the pipeline refilling the transformer oil on transformer operation and the subsequent impact on the detection accuracy of dissolved gas in the oil, thereby affecting transformer fault monitoring. The second set value of 10 mbar is to achieve a larger pressure differential, allowing the gas in the enrichment chamber 16 to fully enter the complementary array sensor detection chamber 24, eliminating the need for a separate air pump, reducing air pump usage and increasing system accuracy and reliability.

[0147] The self-calibration method of the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation includes the following steps:

[0148] Step 1) Close all manual valves and solenoid valves, open solenoid valve V22, and start the second vacuum pump to evacuate the air;

[0149] Step 2) When the pressure data measured by the pressure gauge P2 reaches the second set value, close the solenoid valve V22 and turn off the second vacuum pump;

[0150] Step 3) Open the solenoid valve V23 to pass the standard gas into the complementary sensor array detection chamber and contact the complementary sensor array unit, and calibrate the drift of the complementary sensor array detection chamber under normal pressure;

[0151] Step 4) After calibration is complete, close solenoid valve V23 and repeat steps 1 and 2.

[0152] In one embodiment, self-calibration includes the following steps:

[0153] Step 1) Close all manual valves and solenoid valves, open solenoid valve V22, and start the second vacuum pump to evacuate the air;

[0154] Step 2) When the pressure data measured by the pressure gauge P2 reaches the second set value, close the solenoid valve V22 and turn off the second vacuum pump;

[0155] Step 3) Open the solenoid valve V23 to pass the standard gas into the complementary sensor array detection chamber and contact the complementary sensor array unit, and calibrate the drift of the complementary sensor array detection chamber under normal pressure;

[0156] Step 4) After calibration is complete, close solenoid valve V23 and repeat steps 1 and 2.

[0157] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments and application fields. The above-mentioned specific embodiments are merely illustrative and instructive, and are not restrictive. A person skilled in the art, guided by this specification and without departing from the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention, may also devise various forms, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation, characterized in that: It includes, The oil circuit is configured to vacuum oil inlet, circulate oil sample, vacuum degassing, electromagnetic stirring and oil sample refilling, and the oil circuit includes: Power transformers; A manual valve V1, one end of which is connected to the power transformer and the other end is connected to the oil filter; An oil filter, one end of which is connected to the manual valve V1 and the other end is connected to the nozzle; A degassing chamber is connected to the oil circuit and the degassing branch. The nozzle and two oil guide plates are installed on the upper side wall of the degassing chamber, and a magnetic stirrer for constant temperature control and degassing is configured at the bottom; an oil pump, one end of which is connected to the degassing chamber to pump the oil in the degassing chamber back to the power transformer; Manual valve V2, one end of which is connected to the other end of the oil pump and the other end is connected to the power transformer; Solenoid valve V5, one end of which is connected to point B between the oil pump and the degassing chamber; A syringe, one end of which is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V6; a motor, one end of which is connected to the piston rod end of the syringe; Solenoid valve V6, one end of which is connected to point A between the oil filter and the degassing chamber, and the other end is connected to point C between the solenoid valve V5 and the syringe; A degassing branch configured to accelerate degassing, secondary separation, and oil mist removal, the degassing branch being connected to the top of the degassing chamber and comprising: a separation chamber, one end of which is connected to the degassing chamber and has two spoilers disposed therein; a solenoid valve V3, one end of which is connected to the separation chamber; an oil mist remover, one end of which is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V3; a solenoid valve V4, one end of which is connected to the other end of the oil mist remover; a first vacuum pump, one end of which is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V4; A detection branch configured for gas enrichment, pressure detection, and rapid detection of trace characteristic gases using a complementary sensing array. The detection branch connects point D between the oil mist remover and the solenoid valve V4 in the degassing branch. The detection branch includes: The enrichment chamber has one end connected to point D; A detection device is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V5 to measure the concentration of dissolved gas in the oil. The detection device includes: a solenoid valve V21, one end of which is connected to the other end of the enrichment chamber; A complementary sensing array detection chamber, one end of which is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V21, and the complementary sensing array detection chamber includes: a complementary sensor array unit comprising a plurality of sensors for respectively detecting each single gas dissolved in the oil; a processing unit connected to the complementary sensor array units to decouple cross-interference of the complementary sensor array units and identify the concentration of each single gas dissolved in the oil; a solenoid valve V22, one end of which is connected to the other end of the complementary sensing array detection chamber; a second vacuum pump, one end of which is connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V22; a solenoid valve V23, one end of which is connected to point E between the complementary sensing array detection chamber and the solenoid valve V22; A pressure gauge P2 is provided between point E between the complementary sensing array detection chamber and the solenoid valve V23 and the solenoid valve V23 to measure pressure data; a standard gas cylinder connected to the other end of the solenoid valve V23; A pressure gauge P1 is provided between the enrichment chamber and the detection device to measure pressure data. The complementary sensor array unit includes a plurality of metal oxide gas sensors for detecting acetylene, methane, carbon monoxide, trace water, and VOC gases dissolved in oil. The metal oxide gas sensors are based on MEMS thin films compatible with precious metal doping. A data set of responses of each array unit to random target gas mixtures was constructed, and the Kendall correlation coefficient between the response of each unit in the complementary array and the gas component concentration was calculated. The machine learning extremely random tree model was combined to perform gas type recognition training, and the feature score of the training model was used to evaluate the selected array to obtain the optimal sensor array unit.

2. The complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil and gas separation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The design of precious metal doping is based on density functional calculation of the complementary characteristics of the electronic properties of each decomposition product, and each dissolved gas in the oil uniquely corresponds to the optimal sensor array unit.

3. The detection method of the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil-gas separation according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: It includes the following steps, Step 1) Close manual valve V1 and manual valve V2, close solenoid valve V5, solenoid valve V6, solenoid valve V21, solenoid valve V22, and solenoid valve V23, open solenoid valve V3 and solenoid valve V4, and start the first vacuum pump to evacuate; Step 2) When the pressure data measured by the pressure gauge P1 reaches the first set value, the solenoid valve V3 and the solenoid valve V4 are closed in sequence, and the first vacuum pump is turned off; Step 3) Close the solenoid valve V21 and the solenoid valve V23, open the solenoid valve V22, and start the second vacuum pump to evacuate the air; Step 4) When the pressure data measured by the pressure gauge P2 reaches the second set value, close the solenoid valve V22 and turn off the second vacuum pump; Step 5) Open manual valve V1, and the transformer oil is filtered through the oil filter and filled into the degassing chamber. Open solenoid valve V3 and start the magnetic stirrer to start degassing. Then close manual valve V1, open solenoid valve V5, and draw a certain amount of transformer oil from the degassing chamber with a syringe. Then close solenoid valve V5. At the same time, the degassing gas passes through the separation chamber to further separate the oil carried by the degassing gas, passes through the oil mist remover to remove the oil mist still contained in the gas, and finally enters the enrichment chamber for temporary storage; Step 6) Open the solenoid valve V6, the motor will be injected into the degassing chamber again through the nozzle after the oil in the syringe is completely sprayed, close the solenoid valve V6, and cycle steps 5 to 6; Step 7) After the pressure data measured by pressure gauge P1 stabilizes, stop the cycle, open solenoid valve V6 to push the oil in the syringe into the degassing chamber, close solenoid valves V3 and V6, and turn off the magnetic stirrer; Step 8) Open the solenoid valve V21, allowing the gas in the enrichment chamber to enter the complementary sensor array detection chamber. The complementary sensor array begins to detect the gas content under normal pressure. After the complementary sensor array unit 25 is fully in contact with the gas, a response is obtained and transmitted to the processing unit to obtain the detection result; Step 9) After the test is completed, open the solenoid valve V21 and the solenoid valve V22, start the second vacuum pump, and extract the gas from the pipeline and the complementary sensor array detection chamber; Step 10) When the pressure data measured by the pressure gauge P2 reaches the second set value, close the solenoid valve V21 and the solenoid valve V22, and turn off the second vacuum pump; Step 11) Open the manual valve V2 and start the oil pump to pump the transformer oil in the degassing chamber back to the transformer; Step 12) Close the manual valve V2 and turn off the oil pump.

4. The detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that The second set value is smaller than the first set value.

5. The detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that The first set value is 1 bar, and the second set value is 10 mbar.

6. The self-calibration method of the complementary sensor array detection device for circulating oil constant temperature vacuum oil-gas separation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It includes the following steps, Step 1) Close all manual valves and solenoid valves, open solenoid valve V22, and start the second vacuum pump to evacuate the air; Step 2) When the pressure data measured by the pressure gauge P2 reaches the second set value, close the solenoid valve V22 and turn off the second vacuum pump; Step 3) Open the solenoid valve V23 to pass the standard gas into the complementary sensor array detection chamber and contact the complementary sensor array unit, and calibrate the drift of the complementary sensor array detection chamber under normal pressure; Step 4) After calibration is complete, close solenoid valve V23 and repeat steps 1 and 2.

7. The self-calibration method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calibration drift includes the detection signal zero drift calibration and the complementary sensing array detection chamber pressure self-calibration.

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