Electric motorcycle thermal management system, control method and storage medium

Abstract

The present invention discloses a thermal management system, control method, and storage medium for an electric motorcycle. The system includes a battery, a PTC heater, a fluid storage tank, an electronic control module, a three-way valve, a condenser, and a water pump, which are sequentially connected in a coolant pipeline. The first interface of the three-way valve is connected to the motor, the second interface of the three-way valve is connected to the condenser, and the third interface of the three-way valve is connected to the water pump. The electronic control module is communicatively connected to a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a third temperature sensor, respectively. The first temperature sensor is used to collect battery temperature, the second temperature sensor is used to collect motor temperature, and the third temperature sensor is used to collect electronic control module temperature. The electronic control module is controllably connected to the PTC heater, the water pump, and the three-way valve. The PTC heater is electrically connected to the battery and an OBC, respectively. The battery is connected to the power grid via the OBC.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of thermal management technology, and in particular to a thermal management system, a control method and a storage medium for an electric motorcycle. Background Art

[0002] An electric motorcycle is a type of electric vehicle that uses a battery to drive the motor. The components of an electric motorcycle include: an electric drive and control system (electronic control module), a battery, and a motor.

[0003] Existing electric motorcycles only have natural air cooling systems and no thermal management for the entire vehicle. Therefore, the safety and power consumption of key components of electric motorcycles, including electric drive and control systems (electronic control modules), batteries, and motors, cannot be guaranteed and reasonably utilized. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology in which the existing electric motorcycles only have a natural air cooling system and no whole-vehicle thermal management, thereby the safety and power consumption of key components of the electric motorcycle including the electric drive and control system (electronic control module), battery and motor cannot be guaranteed and reasonably utilized, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric motorcycle thermal management system, control method and storage medium.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a thermal management system for an electric motorcycle, comprising a battery, a PTC heater, a liquid storage tank, an electronic control module, a three-way valve, a condenser, and a water pump, which are sequentially connected in a circulation manner via a coolant pipe; wherein a first port of the three-way valve is connected to the motor, a second port of the three-way valve is connected to the condenser, and a third port of the three-way valve is connected to the water pump;

[0007] The electronic control module is respectively communicated with a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor and a third temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor is used to collect the battery temperature, the second temperature sensor is used to collect the motor temperature, and the third sensor is used to collect the electronic control module temperature. The electronic control module is respectively controlled and connected with the PTC heater, the water pump and the three-way valve. The PTC heater is respectively electrically connected to the battery and the OBC, and the battery is connected to the power grid through the OBC.

[0008] In some possible implementations, a fan is provided on one side of the condenser, and the electric control module is control-connected to the fan.

[0009] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: taking the battery, motor and electronic control module of the electric motorcycle as the thermal management targets, and controlling the PTC heater, three-way valve and water pump through the electronic control module, the thermal performance under different thermal management conditions is optimized, so that the key components such as the battery, motor and electronic control module of the electric motorcycle can operate safely within the design range under any circumstances without sacrificing working performance, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the electric motorcycle in harsh environments or under heavy loads.

[0010] A second aspect of the present invention provides a thermal management control method for an electric motorcycle, which is applied to the above-mentioned thermal management system of the electric motorcycle. The control method includes:

[0011] Determining a thermal management mode, wherein the thermal management mode includes an electric motorcycle charging thermal management mode, an electric motorcycle riding starting thermal management mode, and an electric motorcycle riding thermal management mode;

[0012] Different thermal management controls are switched according to the thermal management mode.

[0013] In some possible implementations, when it is determined that the electric motorcycle is in charging thermal management mode,

[0014] If the internal battery temperature is greater than or equal to the battery temperature threshold T1, the electronic control module controls the water pump and fan to turn on. The battery is connected to the power grid via the OBC, allowing the coolant to fully cool in the condenser and then cool the battery through the pipes.

[0015] If the battery temperature threshold T1 > the battery internal temperature and the battery temperature threshold T2 is less than the battery temperature threshold T1 > the battery temperature threshold T2, the battery is charged normally;

[0016] If the internal temperature of the battery is ≤ the battery temperature threshold T2, the electronic control module controls the PTC heater to turn on to heat the coolant. The PTC heater is connected to the power grid through the OBC. Then the electronic control module controls the first interface and the third interface of the three-way valve to be connected. The electronic control module controls the water pump to turn on and heat the battery with the heated coolant. The fan is always in the off state.

[0017] In some possible implementations, when it is determined that the electric motorcycle is in riding start thermal management mode,

[0018] If the internal battery temperature is greater than or equal to the battery temperature threshold T1, the electronic control module controls the water pump and fan to turn on, allowing the coolant to fully cool in the condenser and then cool the battery through the pipes;

[0019] If the battery temperature threshold T1 > the battery internal temperature and the battery temperature threshold T2 is less than the battery temperature threshold T1 > the battery temperature threshold T2, the electric motorcycle enters a rideable state;

[0020] If the internal temperature of the battery is ≤ the battery temperature threshold T2, the electronic control module controls the PTC heater to turn on to heat the coolant, and the battery is connected to the PTC heater. Then the electronic control module controls the first interface and the third interface of the three-way valve to be connected, and the electronic control module controls the water pump to turn on to heat the battery with the heated coolant. The fan is always in the off state.

[0021] In some possible implementations, when it is determined that the electric motorcycle is in thermal management mode during riding,

[0022] If any one of the following conditions is met: the internal temperature of the battery ≥ the battery temperature threshold T1, the temperature of the electronic control module ≥ the electronic control temperature threshold T3, and the motor temperature ≥ the motor temperature threshold T4, the electronic control module controls the first interface and the second interface of the three-way valve to be connected, and the electronic control module controls the water pump and the fan to turn on, so that the coolant is fully cooled in the condenser, and one or more of the battery, motor or electronic control module is cooled through the pipeline.

[0023] In some possible implementations, the fan and the water pump both use a variable frequency control algorithm, and the formula is as follows:

[0024]

[0025] Where ω is the speed of the fan or water pump, T is any one of the internal temperature of the battery, the motor temperature, or the electronic control module temperature, P is the motor power, k1 is the temperature control coefficient, and k2 is the power control coefficient.

[0026] In some possible implementations, when the electric motorcycle is in charging thermal management mode, the energy required for heating the PTC heater is provided to the PTC heater by the power grid through the OBC; the energy required for cooling the condenser is provided to the condenser by the power grid through the OBC connected to the battery.

[0027] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned electric motorcycle thermal management control method are implemented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the piping connection of the thermal management system of an electric motorcycle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the communication, control, and power connections of a thermal management system for an electric motorcycle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the overall steps of the thermal management control method for an electric motorcycle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a control flow chart of the charging thermal management mode of an electric motorcycle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a control flow chart of the thermal management mode for starting an electric motorcycle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a control flow chart of the thermal management mode during riding of an electric motorcycle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Battery; 2. PTC heater; 3. Liquid storage tank; 4. Electronic control module; 5. Motor; 6. Three-way valve; 61. First interface; 62. Third interface; 63. Second interface; 7. Condenser; 8. Fan; 9. Water pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more precise definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] See attached Figure 1 and 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a thermal management system for an electric motorcycle, comprising a battery 1, a PTC heater 2, a liquid storage tank 3, an electronic control module 4, a three-way valve 6, a condenser 7 and a water pump 9, which are sequentially connected in a circulation manner through a coolant pipeline; wherein the first interface 61 of the three-way valve 6 is connected to the motor 5, the second interface 63 of the three-way valve 6 is connected to the condenser 7, and the third interface 62 of the three-way valve 6 is connected to the water pump 9.

[0037] The liquid storage tank 3 stores coolant.

[0038] The electronic control module 4 is respectively communicated with a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor and a third temperature sensor, wherein the first temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature of the battery 1, the second temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature of the motor 5, and the third sensor is used to collect the temperature of the electronic control module 4; the electronic control module 4 is respectively controlled and connected with the PTC heater 2, the water pump 9 and the three-way valve 6; the PTC heater 2 is respectively electrically connected to the battery 1 and the OBC (on-board charger), and the battery 1 is connected to the power grid through the OBC.

[0039] A fan 8 is provided on one side of the condenser 7 , and the electric control module 4 and the fan 8 are control-connected.

[0040] The battery 1, motor 5 and electronic control module 4 of the electric motorcycle are taken as thermal management targets. The electronic control module 4 controls the PTC heater 2, three-way valve 6 and water pump 9 to optimize the thermal performance under different thermal management conditions. This ensures that key components such as the battery 1, motor 5 and electronic control module 4 of the electric motorcycle can operate safely within the design range under any circumstances without sacrificing working performance, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the electric motorcycle in harsh environments or under heavy loads.

[0041] See attached Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment also provides a thermal management control method for an electric motorcycle, which is applied to the above-mentioned thermal management system of the electric motorcycle. The control method includes:

[0042] S1: Determine a thermal management mode, where the thermal management mode includes an electric motorcycle charging thermal management mode, an electric motorcycle starting thermal management mode, and an electric motorcycle riding thermal management mode;

[0043] S2: Switching different thermal management controls according to the thermal management mode.

[0044] The details are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, when it is determined that the electric motorcycle is in charging thermal management mode,

[0045] The battery's internal temperature is determined to be excessively high (especially during fast charging or in summer). If the internal battery temperature is ≥ battery temperature threshold T1, the electronic control module 4 turns on the water pump 9 and fan 8. The battery 1 is connected to the grid via the OBC, allowing the coolant to fully cool in the condenser 7. The coolant is then cooled through the pipes. The energy required to cool the condenser 7 is supplied to the condenser 7 by the grid via the OBC connected to the battery 1.

[0046] When the internal temperature of battery 1 is too high, the coolant is used to cool the battery 1, ensuring that the temperature of battery 1 is at a safe temperature during the charging process, thereby improving the safety of charging the electric motorcycle; the fan 8 is controlled by power provided by the power grid to further cool the battery 1, reducing the energy consumption of battery 1 while accelerating the cooling speed.

[0047] If the battery temperature threshold T1 is greater than the battery internal temperature and the battery temperature threshold T2 is less than the battery temperature threshold T1, the battery 1 is charged normally.

[0048] Determine whether the internal temperature of the battery is too low (especially in winter). If the internal temperature of the battery is ≤ the battery temperature threshold T2, the electronic control module 4 controls the PTC heater 2 to turn on to heat the coolant. The PTC heater 2 is connected through the OBC. At this time, the energy required for heating the PTC heater 2 is provided to the PTC heater 2 by the power grid through the OBC. Then the electronic control module 4 controls the first interface 61 and the third interface 62 of the three-way valve 6 to be connected, so that the coolant skips the condenser 7 to achieve the purpose of rapid heating. Then the electronic control module 4 controls the water pump 9 to turn on, and the heated coolant is used to heat the battery 1. The fan 8 is always in the off state.

[0049] When the temperature of battery 1 is too low, PTC heater 2 heats battery 1 using electricity provided by the grid, ensuring that battery 1 is at a normal charging temperature while reducing the energy consumption of battery 1. By controlling three-way valve 6, condenser 7 is skipped, speeding up the heating of battery 1.

[0050] In summary, in the electric motorcycle charging thermal management mode, the energy required for the PTC heater 2 to heat the battery 1 and the energy required for the condenser 7 to cool the battery are both provided by the power grid, which reduces the energy consumption of the battery 1 and ensures charging efficiency.

[0051] See attached Figure 5 As shown, when it is determined that the electric motorcycle is in the thermal management mode for starting riding, if the internal temperature of the battery is ≥ the battery temperature threshold T1, the electronic control module 4 controls the water pump 9 and the fan 8 to turn on, so that the coolant is fully cooled in the condenser 7, and then the battery 1 is cooled through the pipeline.

[0052] When the internal temperature of battery 1 is too high, the coolant is used to cool the battery 1 to ensure that the temperature of the battery 1 is at a safe temperature during the charging process, thereby improving the safety of charging the electric motorcycle; the power provided by the battery 1 is used to control the fan 8 to further cool the battery 1, thereby accelerating the cooling speed.

[0053] If the battery temperature threshold T1 is greater than the battery internal temperature and the battery temperature threshold T2 is less than the battery temperature threshold T1, the electric motorcycle enters a rideable state.

[0054] If the internal temperature of the battery is ≤ the battery temperature threshold T2, the electronic control module 4 controls the PTC heater 2 to turn on to heat the coolant, the BMS of the battery 1 is connected to the PTC heater 2, and then the electronic control module 4 controls the first interface 61 and the third interface 62 of the three-way valve 6 to be connected. The electronic control module 4 controls the water pump 9 to turn on and heat the battery 1 with the heated coolant. The fan 8 is always in the off state.

[0055] When the temperature of battery 1 is too low, PTC heater 2 heats battery 1 with the power provided by battery 1 to ensure that battery 1 is at a normal charging temperature; by controlling three-way valve 6, condenser 7 is skipped to speed up the heating speed of battery 1.

[0056] See attached Figure 6 As shown, when it is determined that the electric motorcycle is in thermal management mode during riding, if any one of the battery internal temperature ≥ battery temperature threshold T1, the electronic control module 4 temperature ≥ electronic control temperature threshold T3, and the motor temperature ≥ motor temperature threshold T4 is met, the electronic control module 4 controls the first interface 61 and the second interface 63 of the three-way valve 6 to be connected, and the electronic control module 4 controls the water pump 9 and the fan 8 to be turned on, so that the coolant is fully cooled in the condenser 7, and one or more of the battery 1, the motor 5 or the electronic control module 4 is cooled through the pipeline.

[0057] Through cooling by the coolant, the operating temperature of key components such as the battery 1, the motor 5 and the electronic control module 4 is ensured to be maintained at the optimal normal operating temperature.

[0058] The fan 8 and the water pump 9 both adopt a variable frequency control algorithm, and the formula is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] Where ω is the speed of the fan or water pump, T is any one of the internal temperature of the battery, the motor temperature, or the temperature of the electronic control module, P is the motor power, k1 is the temperature control coefficient, and k2 is the power control coefficient.

[0061] When T is lower than the temperature threshold, variable frequency control is used to reduce the power of the fan 8 and the water pump 9; when T is higher than the temperature threshold, variable frequency control is used to increase the power of the fan 8 and the water pump 9, ensuring the optimal operating performance of the battery 1, the motor 5 and the electronic control module 4 while reducing the power consumption of the entire vehicle system.

[0062] This embodiment uses the battery 1, motor 5, and electronic control module 4 of the electric motorcycle as thermal management targets. Through the control of the PTC heater 2, three-way valve 6, and water pump 9 by the electronic control module 4, the thermal performance under different thermal management conditions is optimized. This ensures that key components such as the battery 1, motor 5, and electronic control module 4 of the electric motorcycle operate safely within the design range under any circumstances without sacrificing operating performance, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the electric motorcycle in harsh environments or under heavy loads.

[0063] This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned electric motorcycle thermal management control method are implemented.

[0064] The storage medium stores program instructions capable of implementing all of the above methods, wherein the program instructions can be stored in the above storage medium in the form of a software product, including a number of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a USB flash drive, a mobile hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc., various media that can store program code, or terminal devices such as computers, servers, mobile phones, and tablets.

[0065] The processor may also be referred to as a CPU (Central Processing Unit). A processor may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. A processor may also be:

[0066] DSP (Digital Signal Processor, Digital Signal Processor, Digital Signal Processor is a processor composed of large-scale or ultra-large-scale integrated circuit chips used to complete certain signal processing tasks. It has gradually developed to meet the needs of high-speed real-time signal processing tasks. With the development of integrated circuit technology and digital signal processing algorithms, the implementation methods of digital signal processors are constantly changing, and the processing functions are constantly improving and expanding.)

[0067] ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) is an integrated circuit designed and manufactured to meet specific user requirements and the needs of specific electronic systems.

[0068] The FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) is a further development of programmable devices such as PAL (Programmable Array Logic) and GAL (Generic Array Logic). It emerged as a semi-custom circuit within the field of application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), addressing both the shortcomings of custom circuits and the limited number of gates inherent in existing programmable devices.

[0069] A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0070] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention. Its purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it. It cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management control method for an electric motorcycle, wherein the thermal management control method is applied to an electric motorcycle thermal management system, wherein the electric motorcycle thermal management system comprises a battery, a PTC heater, a liquid storage tank, an electronic control module, a three-way valve, a condenser, and a water pump, which are sequentially connected in a circulation manner through a coolant pipe; wherein: The first interface of the three-way valve is connected to the motor, the second interface of the three-way valve is connected to the condenser, and the third interface of the three-way valve is connected to the water pump; The electronic control module is respectively connected to a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a third temperature sensor, wherein the first temperature sensor is used to collect the battery temperature, the second temperature sensor is used to collect the motor temperature, and the third temperature sensor is used to collect the electronic control module temperature; the electronic control module is respectively connected to the PTC heater, the water pump, and the three-way valve; the PTC heater is respectively electrically connected to the battery and the OBC, and the battery is connected to the power grid through the OBC; a fan is provided on one side of the condenser, and the electronic control module is connected to the fan control; Characterized in that the control method includes: Determining a thermal management mode, wherein the thermal management mode includes an electric motorcycle charging thermal management mode, an electric motorcycle riding starting thermal management mode, and an electric motorcycle riding thermal management mode; Switching different thermal management controls according to the thermal management mode; When it is determined to be the electric motorcycle charging thermal management mode, If the internal battery temperature is greater than or equal to the battery temperature threshold T1, the electronic control module controls the water pump and fan to turn on. The battery is connected to the power grid via the OBC, allowing the coolant to fully cool in the condenser and then cool the battery through the pipes. If the battery temperature threshold T1 > the battery internal temperature > the battery temperature threshold T2, the battery is charged normally; If the internal temperature of the battery is ≤ the battery temperature threshold T2, the electronic control module controls the PTC heater to turn on to heat the coolant. The PTC heater is connected to the power grid through the OBC. Then the electronic control module controls the first interface and the third interface of the three-way valve to be connected. The electronic control module controls the water pump to turn on and heat the battery with the heated coolant. The fan is always in the off state.

2. The electric motorcycle thermal management control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When it is determined that the electric motorcycle is in thermal management mode, If the internal battery temperature is greater than or equal to the battery temperature threshold T1, the electronic control module controls the water pump and fan to turn on, allowing the coolant to fully cool in the condenser and then cool the battery through the pipes; If the battery temperature threshold T1 > the battery internal temperature > the battery temperature threshold T2, the electric motorcycle enters a rideable state; If the internal temperature of the battery is ≤ the battery temperature threshold T2, the electronic control module controls the PTC heater to turn on to heat the coolant, and the battery is connected to the PTC heater. Then the electronic control module controls the first interface and the third interface of the three-way valve to be connected, and the electronic control module controls the water pump to turn on to heat the battery with the heated coolant. The fan is always in the off state.

3. The electric motorcycle thermal management control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When it is judged that the electric motorcycle is in thermal management mode, If any one of the following conditions is met: the internal temperature of the battery ≥ the battery temperature threshold T1, the temperature of the electronic control module ≥ the electronic control temperature threshold T3, and the motor temperature ≥ the motor temperature threshold T4, the electronic control module controls the first interface and the second interface of the three-way valve to be connected, and the electronic control module controls the water pump and the fan to turn on, so that the coolant is fully cooled in the condenser, and one or more of the battery, motor or electronic control module is cooled through the pipeline.

4. The electric motorcycle thermal management control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan and water pump both use variable frequency control algorithms, and the formula is as follows: Where ω is the speed of the fan or water pump, T is any one of the internal temperature of the battery, the motor temperature, or the temperature of the electronic control module, P is the motor power, k1 is the temperature control coefficient, and k2 is the power control coefficient.

5. The electric motorcycle thermal management control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the electric motorcycle is in charging thermal management mode, the energy required for heating the PTC heater is provided to the PTC heater by the power grid through the OBC; the energy required for cooling the condenser is provided to the condenser by the power grid through the OBC connected to the battery.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the electric motorcycle thermal management control method according to any one of claims 2 to 5 are implemented.

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