A wave control energy focusing device and design method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a wave control and energy gathering device and a design method thereof, wherein the device comprises a horizontal bottom plate and a waveguide array; the horizontal bottom plate is located below the seabed, and its projection on the horizontal plane is an isosceles right triangle, and its hypotenuse is close to the bank wall of a straight vertical embankment; the waveguide array comprises a plurality of arrow-shaped waveguide plates arranged at equal intervals along the perpendicular bisector of the hypotenuse of the isosceles right triangle, each waveguide plate comprises a first plate and a second plate that are mirror-symmetrical, and the projection of each waveguide plate on the horizontal plane ends at the sideline of the isosceles right triangle; the lower end of each waveguide plate is fixedly connected to the horizontal bottom plate, and the upper end is at the same height and is located below the water surface. The technical solution of the present invention has a simple structure, low manufacturing and construction costs, and can realize the control of wave propagation paths and wave energy gathering without modifying the structures of existing docks and ports.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine renewable energy development, and in particular to a wave manipulation energy focusing device and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The ocean contains abundant resources, especially abundant marine renewable energy including wave energy, tidal energy, temperature difference energy, etc. The development of renewable energy is an important part of achieving green and sustainable development. Among the many marine renewable energy sources, wave energy has abundant reserves, wide distribution, high energy density, and great development prospects. With the increase of offshore distance, the development cost of wave energy increases exponentially. Therefore, shore-based wave power generation devices have advantages in installation cost, transmission distance, maintenance cost, corrosion resistance and many other aspects. However, the nearshore wave energy density is relatively low, the stability is poor, and the power generation capacity is low. Therefore, how to further improve the shore-based wave energy density is a key technical problem to realize its practical application.

[0003] At present, various devices that utilize the reflection and focusing principle of waves to increase wave energy density have been proposed. For example, the applicant's invention ZL201910191032.7 proposes a near-shore reflective wave energy-concentrating power generation device, which focuses waves through arc-shaped curved surface reflection, significantly increasing the wave energy density. However, this method requires that the reflective wall is a curved surface, that is, the above-mentioned device needs to transform the original wharf through construction in the near-shore area to form an arc-shaped embankment. The above-mentioned transformation of the currently conventional straight wharf embankment with vertical side walls is not only difficult and costly in engineering construction, but also has a certain damage to the structural safety of the embankment, making this method difficult to directly apply to shore-based wave energy power generation.

[0004] Therefore, how to invent an energy-gathering device based on the principle of wave reflection and focusing without changing the shape of the embankment to effectively increase the power generation capacity of the shore-based wave power generation device is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a wave manipulation energy focusing device and a design method thereof, so as to solve the problems of low wave energy density, poor stability, low power generation capacity and the like in the prior art shore-based power generation devices.

[0006] The first aspect of the present application provides a wave manipulation and energy focusing device for guiding waves reflected by a straight vertical embankment to form a wave energy focusing area on the water surface, the wave manipulation and energy focusing device comprising a horizontal bottom plate and a waveguide array arranged on the upper surface of the horizontal bottom plate; the horizontal bottom plate is located below the seabed, and its projection on the horizontal plane is an isosceles right triangle, and the hypotenuse of the isosceles right triangle is close to the bank wall of the straight vertical embankment; the waveguide array comprises a plurality of arrow-shaped waveguide plates arranged at equal intervals along the perpendicular bisector of the hypotenuse of the isosceles right triangle, each waveguide plate comprises a first plate and a second plate arranged in mirror symmetry with respect to the perpendicular bisector of the hypotenuse, and the projection of each waveguide plate on the horizontal plane ends at the side line of the isosceles right triangle; the lower end of each waveguide plate is fixedly connected to the horizontal bottom plate, and the upper end is at the same height and is located below the water surface.

[0007] Furthermore, the overall height h0 of the wave manipulation energy concentrator is determined by the following formula:

[0008]

[0009] Where d is the water depth, h' is a real number greater than zero,

[0010] Furthermore, the height h1 of each waveguide plate is determined by the following formula:

[0011]

[0012] Furthermore, the depth h2 at which the lower surface of the horizontal bottom plate is below the seabed is determined by the following formula:

[0013]

[0014] Furthermore, each first plate and the second plate which is mirror-symmetrical thereto are combined on the perpendicular bisector of the hypotenuse of the isosceles right triangle to form an arrow which points from the base of the isosceles right triangle to its right angle.

[0015] Furthermore, each of the first flat plates is parallel to each other, and an angle θ between the extension direction of the first flat plates on the horizontal plane and the bank wall of the linear vertical embankment is 31.72°.

[0016] Further, the thickness w of each first flat plate is determined by the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] Wherein, a is the length of the right-angled side of the isosceles right triangle, and N is the number of the waveguide plates.

[0019] Preferably, in, is the round-up symbol, λ min It is the minimum wavelength of the deployment area of ​​the wave steering energy focusing device.

[0020] Furthermore, the angle between the propagation direction of the wave reflected by the straight vertical bank from above the wave manipulation and energy focusing device and the straight vertical bank after being guided by the wave manipulation and energy focusing device is 26.57°.

[0021] The second aspect of the present application also provides a design method of a wave manipulation energy focusing device, which is used to design the aforementioned wave manipulation energy focusing device, comprising the following steps:

[0022] The first step is to measure the water depth d in the area where the wave control energy gathering device is deployed;

[0023] In the second step, the overall height h0 of the wave control energy concentrator, the height h1 of each waveguide plate, and the depth h2 of the lower surface of the horizontal bottom plate below the seabed are calculated according to the water depth d:

[0024]

[0025] Where h' is a real number greater than zero,

[0026] The third step is to determine the length a of the right angle side of the isosceles right triangle and the number N of waveguide plates according to the wave energy focusing requirements.

[0027] Step 4: Determine the thickness w of each first plate according to a, N and θ:

[0028]

[0029] Wherein, θ is the angle between the extension direction of each first flat plate on the horizontal plane and the bank wall of the linear vertical embankment, and θ=31.72°.

[0030] The embodiments of the present application provide a wave manipulation and energy focusing device and a design method thereof, which utilizes a wedge-shaped waveguide structure with a specific angle and arrangement, and can realize the reflection and focusing of waves in multiple propagation paths by manipulating the wave propagation path without changing the shape of the embankment, thereby significantly improving the wave energy density and power generation design; the wave manipulation and energy focusing device has a simple structure, low material cost, and is easy to manufacture and construct, and can cooperate with various existing wave energy collection devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a wave manipulation energy focusing device provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the layout area of ​​the wave control energy focusing device provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 A top view of the deployment area of ​​the wave control energy focusing device provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a deployment area of ​​a wave manipulation energy focusing device provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partially enlarged detailed schematic diagram of

[0036] Figure 6 A top view of an existing near-shore reflective wave energy focusing power generation device;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a wave reflected by a bank wall that is isosceles and indented at a right angle;

[0038] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of using the wave control energy focusing device of an embodiment of the present application to guide the reflected waves of a straight shore wall;

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a distribution diagram of the dimensionless wave field after the wave manipulation energy focusing device is deployed in specific embodiment 1.

[0040] Numbers in the figure

[0041] 1- waveguide array, 10- horizontal bottom plate, 101- arrow-shaped groove, 11- first flat plate, 12- second flat plate, 2- straight vertical bank, 3- seabed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Hereinafter, the present application will be further described based on preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] For ease of understanding, the drawings of this specification enlarge or reduce the various components on the drawings, but this practice is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the products of the embodiments of the present application are usually placed when used, it is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, in the description of the present application, in order to distinguish different units, the words first, second, etc. are used in this specification, but these are not limited by the order of manufacture, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, and their names may be different in the detailed description and claims of the present application.

[0044] The vocabulary in this specification is used to illustrate the embodiments of the present application, but is not intended to limit the present application. It should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection between the two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be specifically understood.

[0045] The present application provides a wave control energy focusing device through some preferred embodiments, which is used to guide the waves reflected by the straight vertical embankment to form a wave energy focusing area on the water surface. Figure 1 A perspective view of the wave control energy focusing device in some embodiments is shown. Figure 2 and Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram and a top view of the arrangement area of ​​the wave manipulation energy gathering device are respectively shown.

[0046] In the embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the wave control energy-gathering device needs to be laid out close to the wall of the straight vertical embankment 2. Specifically, the straight vertical embankment 2 refers to a embankment whose wall is flat or roughly flat from a macroscopic point of view (meeting the standards required in actual construction), and the plane is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. This type of embankment is commonly found in ports, docks, etc. Therefore, it is easier for the wave control energy-gathering device to find a suitable deployment area in the above-mentioned areas, and no additional modification is required for ports, docks, etc.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the wave manipulation energy focusing device includes a horizontal bottom plate 10 and a waveguide array 1 arranged on the upper surface of the horizontal bottom plate, wherein Figure 3 As shown, the projection of the horizontal bottom plate 10 on the horizontal plane is an isosceles right triangle ABC, the lengths of its right-angled sides AB and AC are a, the length of its hypotenuse BC is 2a, and its hypotenuse BC is closely attached to the wall of the straight vertical embankment 2.

[0048] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the arrangement area of ​​the wave control energy focusing device is shown, and the section line is Figure 3 The perpendicular bisector OA of the hypotenuse BC, Figure 5 A detailed schematic diagram of a local enlargement is shown below. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the horizontal bottom plate 10 of the wave manipulation energy gathering device is located below the seabed 3, that is, the distance between the upper surface of the horizontal bottom plate 10 and the water surface is greater than the water depth d.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the waveguide array 1 includes a plurality of arrow-shaped waveguide plates arranged at equal intervals along OA, and the arrow of each waveguide plate points from point O to point A. Specifically, each waveguide plate includes a first plate 11 and a second plate 12 which are arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to OA, and each first plate 11 and the second plate 12 which are mirror-symmetrical thereto are combined on the line segment OA to form the arrow of the waveguide plate, and the projection of each waveguide plate on the horizontal plane ends at the three sides of the isosceles right triangle ABC.

[0050] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the first flat plates 11 are parallel to each other, and the angle θ between the extension direction of the first flat plates 11 on the horizontal plane and the wall of the straight vertical bank 2 is 31.72°.

[0051] Furthermore, if Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the thickness of each first plate 11 and second plate 12 is w, and w is determined by the following formula:

[0052]

[0053] Wherein, N is the number of waveguide plates.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the thickness w of each first plate 11 and the second plate 12 is related to the number of waveguide plates and their extension direction. If the number of waveguide plates is too small, a good wave guiding effect cannot be achieved. Therefore, in some preferred embodiments, the lower limit of N is determined by the following formula:

[0055]

[0056] in, is the round-up symbol, λmin is the minimum wavelength of the deployment area of ​​the wave manipulation energy concentrator (the minimum wavelength can be obtained by statistically analyzing the wave fluctuation characteristics of the deployment area). The above selection of N makes the thickness w of each first plate 11 and the second plate 12 less than or equal to the minimum wavelength λ of the deployment area. min 1 / 5 of the original height, which can enhance the control effect on the wave propagation direction and further enhance the energy gathering effect.

[0057] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, the lower ends of the waveguide plates are fixedly connected to the horizontal bottom plate 10, and the upper ends are at the same height and located below the water surface.

[0058] Specifically, the overall height h0 of the wave-manipulated energy-gathering device is determined by the following formula:

[0059]

[0060] Where d is the water depth, h' is a real number greater than zero,

[0061] like Figure 5 As shown, the height h1 of each waveguide plate is determined by the following formula:

[0062]

[0063] After the above arrangement, arrow-shaped grooves 101 with a width of w and a height of h1 will be formed between the adjacent waveguide plates, thereby forming a waveguide effect on the waves reflected from the shore wall, so that the waves are superimposed on the OA to achieve wave energy concentration.

[0064] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, the depth h2 at which the lower surface of the horizontal bottom plate 10 is below the seabed 3 is determined by the following formula:

[0065]

[0066] The following is an analysis of the principle by which the wave manipulation energy focusing device achieves reflected wave guidance and energy focusing.

[0067] The inventor proposed a nearshore reflective wave energy-gathering power generation device in patent ZL201910191032.7. In order to produce the energy-gathering effect, the device adopts the following Figure 6 The cross-sectional shape shown in the figure is an arc-shaped curved wall, which guides the reflection direction of the wave so that the wave amplitude is superimposed in the area surrounded by the arc.

[0068] Although the above-mentioned arc-shaped wall can realize wave energy gathering, the arc-shaped wall form above the water surface is not common in various conventional marine engineering facilities. Therefore, if this form is to be used for wave energy gathering, it is necessary to construct the wall separately, or to transform the embankments of conventional docks and ports. Obviously, the above-mentioned construction or transformation will damage the structure of various existing marine engineering facilities or affect their use. Therefore, a more ideal way is to directly use the most common straight vertical embankment as a reflective wall. For this purpose, it is necessary to compress the non-linear reflective wall into a straight reflective wall, and at the same time, guide the waves to propagate along a specific angle after being reflected on the straight wall through a waveguide structure arranged underwater.

[0069] After analyzing the propagation paths of reflected waves after non-linear walls of different shapes are compressed into linear walls, it is found that after the arc-shaped wall is compressed into a linear wall, it is impossible to obtain an analytical wave guiding structure, that is, it is impossible to construct an engineering-feasible waveguide structure by transforming the arc-shaped wall. Therefore, the present application firstly Figure 7 The reflective wall with an isosceles right triangle indentation (the wall formed by the black solid line in the figure) is used as the design starting point. When the incident wave passes through the above wall, specular reflection occurs (such as Figure 7 A plurality of energy-gathering zones are formed along the perpendicular bisector of the hypotenuse inside the right triangle.

[0070] Furthermore, the above-mentioned isosceles right triangle indented reflective wall is compressed into Figure 8 The straight wall shown in the figure is provided with a wave control energy focusing device provided in the embodiment of the present application under water, and the waves are guided along the Figure 8 propagates in the direction indicated by the arrow and Figure 8 A plurality of energy focusing areas are formed on the perpendicular bisector of the hypotenuse of the medium-slender right triangle, wherein the angle between the direction of the arrow after reflection from the wall and the wall is 26.57° (it should be noted that the angle is not equal to θ).

[0071] Therefore, the wave manipulation energy-gathering device provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve the effect of using the straight vertical bank wall as a reflection surface to guide the reflected waves into the isosceles right triangle area in front of it and form multiple energy-gathering areas. Furthermore, various wave energy collection devices known to those skilled in the art, such as floats connected by connecting rods and hydraulic power generation systems, can be used to generate wave energy.

[0072] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the horizontal bottom plate and the waveguide array of the wave control energy gathering device can be made of marine engineering materials resistant to seawater corrosion, in an integral manner or in a manner of being prepared and assembled separately. Preferably, the wave control energy gathering device can be made of concrete or metal materials as a whole, and then the seabed is excavated at the selected installation location, and the wave control energy gathering device is partially buried in the seabed, and its BC side is close to the vertical embankment wall to complete the installation.

[0073] Some embodiments of the present application also provide a design method for the above-mentioned wave manipulation energy focusing device, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0074] The first step is to measure the water depth d in the area where the wave control energy gathering device is deployed;

[0075] In the second step, the overall height h0 of the wave control energy concentrator, the height h1 of each waveguide plate, and the depth h2 of the lower surface of the horizontal bottom plate below the seabed are calculated according to the water depth d:

[0076]

[0077] Where h' is a real number greater than zero,

[0078] The third step is to determine the length a of the right angle side of the isosceles right triangle and the number N of waveguide plates according to the wave energy focusing requirements.

[0079] Step 4: Determine the thickness w of each first plate according to a, N and θ:

[0080]

[0081] Wherein, θ is the angle between the extension direction of each first flat plate on the horizontal plane and the bank wall of the linear vertical embankment, and θ=31.72°. Specific embodiment 1:

[0083] This embodiment simulates the energy focusing effect of the wave-controlled energy focusing device, and the simulation parameters are:

[0084] a=4m,N=10,d=0.1m,h'=0.5,calculated to be h0=0.292m,h1=0.242m,h2=0.2019m,w=0.1701m。

[0085] Fig. 9The dimensionless wave field |η / η0| distribution diagram after the deployment of the wave manipulation energy focusing device is shown, where the incident wavelength λ=4m, the incident wave height η0=0.03m. It can be seen from the figure that a significant energy focusing area appears within the isosceles right triangle device outline, and the wave height in the energy focusing area can reach more than 4 times the incident wave height, indicating that the wave manipulation energy focusing device provided in the present application has a significant wave energy enhancement effect.

[0086] The above is a detailed introduction to the specific implementation methods of the present application. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications may be made to the present application without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A wave manipulation energy focusing device for guiding waves reflected by a straight vertical bank to form a wave energy focusing area on the water surface, characterized in that: It includes a horizontal bottom plate and a waveguide array arranged on the upper surface of the horizontal bottom plate; The horizontal bottom plate is located below the seabed, and its projection on the horizontal plane is an isosceles right triangle, and the hypotenuse of the isosceles right triangle is closely attached to the wall of the linear vertical embankment; The waveguide array comprises a plurality of arrow-shaped waveguide plates arranged at equal intervals along the perpendicular midline of the hypotenuse of the isosceles right triangle, each waveguide plate comprises a first plate and a second plate arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the perpendicular midline of the hypotenuse, and the projection of each waveguide plate on a horizontal plane ends at the sideline of the isosceles right triangle; The lower ends of the waveguide plates are fixedly connected to the horizontal bottom plate, and the upper ends are at the same height and located below the water surface; The first flat plates are parallel to each other, and the angle θ between the extension direction of the first flat plates on the horizontal plane and the wall of the linear vertical embankment is 31.72°; The thickness w of each first plate is determined by the following formula: Wherein, a is the length of the right angle side of the isosceles right triangle, and N is the number of the waveguide plates; in, is the round-up symbol, λ min It is the minimum wavelength of the deployment area of ​​the wave steering energy focusing device.

2. The wave control energy concentrator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall height h0 of the wave control energy concentrator is determined by the following formula: Where d is the water depth, h' is a real number greater than zero, 3. The wave control energy concentrator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height h1 of each waveguide plate is determined by the following formula:

4. The wave control energy concentrator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The depth h2 at which the lower surface of the horizontal bottom plate is below the seafloor is determined by the following formula:

5. The wave manipulation energy concentrator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each first plate and the second plate which is mirror-symmetrical thereto are combined on the perpendicular bisector of the hypotenuse of the isosceles right triangle to form an arrow pointing from the base of the isosceles right triangle to its right angle.

6. The wave manipulation energy concentrator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the propagation direction of the wave reflected by the straight vertical bank from above the wave steering and energy focusing device and the straight vertical bank after being guided by the wave steering and energy focusing device is 26.57°.

7. A method for designing a wave control energy gathering device, used for designing the wave control energy gathering device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The first step is to measure the water depth d in the area where the wave control energy gathering device is deployed; In the second step, the overall height h0 of the wave control energy concentrator, the height h1 of each waveguide plate, and the depth h2 of the lower surface of the horizontal bottom plate below the seabed are calculated according to the water depth d: Where h' is a real number greater than zero, The third step is to determine the length a of the right angle side of the isosceles right triangle and the number N of waveguide plates according to the wave energy focusing requirements. Step 4: Determine the thickness w of each first plate according to a, N and θ: Wherein, θ is the angle between the extension direction of each first flat plate on the horizontal plane and the bank wall of the linear vertical embankment, and θ=31.72°.

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