An energy harvesting device for a sea surface monitoring node

Abstract

This invention discloses an energy harvesting device for sea surface monitoring nodes, comprising an environmental monitoring and energy storage unit, a main shaft connecting rod and chassis structure, a wave energy harvesting mechanism, an upper and lower track motion power generation system, and a stabilization mechanism. The main shaft connecting rod and chassis structure includes a vertically arranged main shaft connecting rod and a chassis horizontally fixed to the upper end of the main shaft connecting rod. The environmental monitoring and energy storage unit is installed on the upper surface of the chassis. Multiple wave energy harvesting mechanisms are spaced circumferentially along the main shaft connecting rod, with one end of each mechanism connected to the chassis and the other end floating. The upper and lower track motion power generation system is sleeved and installed on the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft connecting rod, and the lower end of the main shaft connecting rod is connected to the stabilization mechanism. This invention utilizes an umbrella-shaped structure design for the wave energy harvesting device, which can greatly improve the stability of the equipment and the energy conversion efficiency, while also taking into account the monitoring of sea surface conditions and real-time information interaction, possessing many advantages such as high efficiency, practicality, and economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an energy harvesting device, and more particularly to an energy harvesting device for sea surface monitoring nodes. Background Technology

[0002] Today, marine environmental monitoring is a crucial means of assessing the state of nearshore environments and protecting them. As an emerging technology, marine wireless monitoring networks, composed of multiple monitoring nodes, are characterized by automation and low power consumption and have been applied in fields such as marine environmental monitoring, communication, and rescue. However, this technology is limited by energy constraints, which restricts its application and development in marine environmental monitoring.

[0003] CN202211414148.0 discloses an energy harvesting device for marine monitoring nodes and its working method, which can provide energy for marine wireless monitoring networks. However, its umbrella-shaped circular shell is bipartite, making installation inconvenient; the connection between the umbrella-shaped circular shell and the support rod has a groove, resulting in poor waterproofing; the umbrella-shaped circular shell and the support rod are rigidly connected, causing the buoyancy ball at the tail of the power generation device to move only on the same plane. Since the wave waveform is complex, one or more buoyancy balls are suspended in the air during the wave power generation process. At the same time, the internal structure of its wave energy harvesting unit is unreasonable, so only the vortex spring stores energy during the upward movement of the buoyancy ball driven by the wave, while the positive energy is wasted during the downward movement of the buoyancy ball, resulting in low energy harvesting efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: To address the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide an energy harvesting device for sea surface monitoring nodes, with optimized structure and improved energy harvesting efficiency.

[0005] Technical Solution: An energy harvesting device for sea surface monitoring nodes includes an environmental monitoring and energy storage unit, a main shaft connecting rod and a chassis structure, a wave energy harvesting mechanism, an upper and lower track motion power generation system, and a stabilizing mechanism. The main shaft connecting rod and chassis structure includes a vertically arranged main shaft connecting rod and a chassis horizontally fixed to the upper end of the main shaft connecting rod. The environmental monitoring and energy storage unit is installed on the upper surface of the chassis. Multiple wave energy harvesting mechanisms are spaced around the main shaft connecting rod, with one end of each wave energy harvesting mechanism connected to the chassis and the other end floating. The upper and lower track motion power generation system is sleeved and installed on the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft connecting rod. The lower end of the main shaft connecting rod is connected to the stabilizing mechanism. The wave energy harvesting mechanism and the upper and lower track motion power generation system are respectively connected to the environmental monitoring and energy storage unit via signals.

[0006] Furthermore, the wave energy harvesting mechanism includes a chassis-fixed gear, a float, a cylindrical shell, and inside the cylindrical shell, ordinary gears, incomplete gear components, directional adjustment gears, a spiral spring energy storage device, a one-way rotating wheel, a helical gear, a small generator, and generator fixing components. The chassis-fixed gear is fixed to the chassis. The upper end of the cylindrical shell is rotatably connected to the chassis via built-in bearings and bolts. The float is installed at the lower end of the cylindrical shell. The ordinary gear is connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell via a connecting bearing and meshes with the chassis-fixed gear. The incomplete gear component is located below the ordinary gear. The first connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell at both ends. The directional adjustment gear is installed on the first connecting shaft and meshes with the ordinary gear. The vortex spring energy storage device is located below the incomplete gear and meshes with it. The second connecting shaft of the vortex spring energy storage device is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell at both ends. The one-way rotating wheel is installed on the second connecting shaft. The first small generator is fixed inside the cylindrical shell below the vortex spring energy storage device through the generator fixing component. The helical gear is connected to the first small generator and meshes with the one-way rotating wheel. The first small generator is connected to the environmental monitoring and energy storage unit.

[0007] Ideally, the incomplete gear component also includes an incomplete gear, which is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft and meshes with the spiral spring energy storage device. The outer circumferential surface of the incomplete gear is composed of a section of sawtooth surface and a section of smooth surface spliced ​​together.

[0008] Furthermore, the directional adjustment gear includes end cover one, end cover two, small cover, outer cover gear, and a locking tooth one, ratchet one, large bearing, inner mounting plate, small bearing, ratchet two, inner mounting plate cover compound gear, pinion one, and locking tooth two disposed between end cover one and end cover two and inside the outer cover gear. Locking tooth one is mounted on the outer cover gear via a torsion spring. Ratchet one is mounted on connecting shaft one and engages with locking tooth one. The outer ring of the inner mounting plate is mounted inside the outer cover gear via a large gear. Locking tooth two is mounted on the inner mounting plate via another torsion spring. Ratchet two is mounted on the inner ring of the inner mounting plate via a small bearing. Ratchet two engages with locking tooth two. The inner mounting plate cover compound gear is fixed to the inner mounting plate by small screws. Pinion one is fixed to the cylindrical outer shell via end cover two. Pinion one engages with the inner gear of the inner mounting plate and the inner mounting plate cover compound gear respectively. The small cover passes through end cover two and is fixed to the inner mounting plate cover compound gear.

[0009] Ideally, the teeth of both ratchet one and ratchet two should be in a clockwise direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the vortex spring energy storage device also includes a vortex spring energy storage device housing, a vortex spring, a bearing, a connecting chuck, a vortex spring energy storage device cover, and a pinion gear. The pinion gear is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft and meshes with an incomplete gear component. The vortex spring energy storage device housing is installed at one end of the connecting shaft, and is connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical housing. The vortex spring energy storage device cover is installed on one side of the vortex spring energy storage device housing. The vortex spring, bearing, and connecting chuck are placed inside the vortex spring energy storage device housing between the two. The connecting chuck is installed on the connecting shaft through bearing. The vortex spring is installed on the connecting chuck, with one end fixed to the connecting shaft and the other end connected to the inner wall of the vortex spring energy storage device housing. The vortex spring energy storage device cover is connected to the connecting chuck.

[0011] Furthermore, the one-way rotating wheel includes a one-way rotating gear composite cover, a locking tooth three, a bearing two, a one-way rotating gear housing, and a ratchet three. The one-way rotating gear composite cover is connected to one end face of the one-way rotating gear housing, and the whole formed by the two is installed on the connecting shaft two through the bearing two. The locking tooth three and the ratchet three are respectively set in the one-way rotating gear housing. The opposite two sides of the locking tooth three are fixed to the one-way rotating gear composite cover and the one-way rotating gear housing respectively. The ratchet three is fixed on the connecting shaft two and cooperates with the locking tooth three.

[0012] Ideally, the outer surface of the unidirectional rotating gear composite cover is provided with helical teeth that mesh with the helical gear, and the tooth direction of the ratchet three is counterclockwise.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper and lower track motion power generation system includes a T-shaped fixing frame, a housing, two small generators, a generator fixing frame, a moving T-shaped threaded round tube, and a deep groove ball bearing. The housing has a barrel-shaped structure, with a moving T-shaped threaded round tube passing through the center of its bottom. The inner ring of the moving T-shaped threaded round tube is threaded, and the outer ring is connected to the bottom of the housing through a deep groove ball bearing. Multiple two small generators are spaced along the inner ring of the housing between the housing and the moving T-shaped threaded round tube, and are respectively installed on the inner wall of the housing through the generator fixing frame. Each two small generators are connected to the outer ring gear of the moving T-shaped threaded round tube. Multiple T-shaped fixing frames are spaced along the inner ring of the housing, with their large ends connected to the housing and their small ends pointing to the center of the housing. The moving T-shaped threaded round tube is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft connecting rod and threadedly connected to it. The small end of the T-shaped fixing frame abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft connecting rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the environmental monitoring and energy storage unit includes a rectifier circuit, a supercapacitor, a BQ25570 energy harvester module, an energy storage battery, an STM32 control system, and detection elements, which are connected in sequence. The wave energy harvesting mechanism and the upper and lower track motion power generation system are respectively connected to the rectifier circuit.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. By utilizing offshore platforms, storage, and power transmission equipment, it possesses an independent power generation system, eliminating the need for manual power replenishment, thus extending the effective working time of marine monitoring equipment and reducing labor costs.

[0017] 2. It is relatively small in size and easy to install and deploy. Compared with traditional wave energy harvesting devices with low energy collection efficiency, this device is more stable, has a more reasonable structure, and significantly improves energy collection efficiency.

[0018] 3. The device has a simple structure, which reduces construction and maintenance costs, makes full use of existing marine monitoring technologies, and promotes the commercial application of wave energy harvesting devices. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a wave energy harvesting mechanism;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the upper and lower track motion power generation system;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the wave energy harvesting mechanism and the chassis;

[0023] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the incomplete gear and the directional adjustment gear along one axis of the connecting shaft;

[0024] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the spiral spring energy storage device and the unidirectional rotating gear along the two axes of the connecting shaft;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the stabilizing device;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a signal connection diagram for the environmental monitoring and energy storage unit. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0028] An energy harvesting device for sea surface monitoring nodes, such as Figures 1-8 As shown, it includes an environmental monitoring and energy storage unit 1, a main shaft connecting rod and chassis structure 2, a wave energy harvesting mechanism 3, an upper and lower track motion power generation system 4, and a stabilizing mechanism 5.

[0029] The main shaft connecting rod and chassis structure 2 includes a vertically arranged main shaft connecting rod 4-7 and a chassis 3-101 horizontally fixed to the upper end of the main shaft connecting rod. The environmental monitoring and energy storage unit 1 is installed on the upper surface of the chassis 3-101. The environmental monitoring and energy storage unit 1 includes a rectifier circuit 1-101, a supercapacitor 1-102, a BQ25570 energy harvester module 1-103, an energy storage battery 1-104, an STM32 control system 1-105, and a detection element 1-106, which are connected in sequence. The wave energy harvesting mechanism 3 and the upper and lower track motion power generation system 4 are respectively connected to the rectifier circuit 1-101.

[0030] Multiple wave energy harvesting mechanisms 3 are arranged circumferentially on the main shaft connecting rod 4-7, forming a structure similar to an umbrella wing. One end of each wave energy harvesting mechanism 3 is connected to the chassis 3-101, and the other end floats. The upper and lower track motion power generation system 4 is mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft connecting rod 4-7, and the lower end of the main shaft connecting rod 4-7 is connected to the stabilizing mechanism 5.

[0031] The wave energy harvesting mechanism 3 includes a chassis fixing gear 3-1, a float 3-11, a cylindrical shell 3-3, and a common gear 3-2, an incomplete gear 3-4, a direction adjustment gear 3-5, a vortex spring energy storage device 3-6, a one-way rotating wheel 3-7, a helical gear 3-8, a small generator 3-9, and a generator fixing component 3-10, all housed inside the cylindrical shell 3-3. The cylindrical shell 3-3 can be a bi-divided shell formed by splicing a circular right shell 3-104 and a circular left shell 3-105, or it can be a multi-divided shell (such as a tri-divided shell) for easy installation and disassembly. The chassis fixing gear 3-1 is fixed to the chassis 3-101. The upper end of the cylindrical shell 3-3 is rotatably connected to the chassis 3-101 through an internal bearing 3-102 and bolts 3-103. The lower end of the cylindrical shell 3-3 is equipped with a float 3-11, which is adjustable in size and used to supplement the drainage of the parachute structure. A standard gear 3-2 is connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical outer shell 3-3 via a connecting bearing 3-106 and meshes with the chassis-fixed gear 3-1. An incomplete gear component 3-4 is positioned below the standard gear 3-2, with its connecting shaft 3-402 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical outer shell 3-3 at both ends. A directional adjusting gear 3-5 is mounted on the connecting shaft 3-402 and meshes with the standard gear 3-2. A spiral spring energy storage device 3-6 is positioned below the incomplete gear component 3-4. The incomplete gear component 3-4 also includes an incomplete gear 3-401, which is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft 3-402. Engaging with the vortex spring energy storage device 3-6, the outer circumferential surface of the incomplete gear 3-401 is composed of a section of sawtooth surface and a section of smooth surface spliced ​​together. The two ends of the connecting shaft 2 3-606 of the vortex spring energy storage device 3-6 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 3-3. The one-way rotating wheel 3-7 is installed on the connecting shaft 2 3-606. The small generator 1 3-9 is fixed inside the cylindrical shell 3-3 below the vortex spring energy storage device 3-6 through the generator fixing part 3-10. The helical gear 3-8 is connected to the small generator 1 3-9 and engages with the one-way rotating wheel 3-7. The small generator 1 3-9 is connected to the rectifier circuit 1-101 for signal connection.

[0032] The directional adjustment gear 3-5 has a self-locking function. The directional adjustment gear 3-5 includes end cover 3-501, end cover 3-511, small cover 3-512, outer cover gear 3-504, and a locking tooth 3-502, a ratchet 3-503, a large bearing 3-505, an inner mounting plate 3-506, a small bearing 3-507, a ratchet 3-508, an inner mounting plate cover compound gear 3-509, a pinion 3-510, and a locking tooth 3-513. The locking tooth 3-502 is mounted on the outer cover gear 3-504 via a torsion spring. The ratchet 3-503 is mounted on the connecting shaft 3-402 and engages with the locking tooth 3-502. The teeth of the ratchet 3-503 are clockwise. The inner mounting plate 3-502... The outer ring of 506 is installed inside the outer cover gear 3-504 via the large gear 3-505. The second locking gear 3-513 is installed on the inner mounting plate 3-506 via another torsion spring. The second ratchet 3-508 is installed on the inner ring of the inner mounting plate 3-506 via the small bearing 3-507. The second ratchet 3-508 and the second locking gear 3-513 cooperate. The tooth direction of the second ratchet 3-508 is clockwise. The inner mounting plate cover compound gear 3-509 is fixed to the inner mounting plate 3-506 by small screws. The first small gear 3-510 is fixed to the cylindrical outer shell 3-3 via the second end cover 3-511. The first small gear 3-510 cooperates with the inner teeth of the inner mounting plate 3-506 and the inner mounting plate cover compound gear 3-509. The small cover 3-512 passes through the second end cover 3-511 and is fixed to the inner mounting plate cover compound gear 3-509. The inner mounting plate 3-506 is annular, and both its outer and inner rings are equipped with gear teeth.

[0033] The connection between the wave energy harvesting mechanism 3 and the chassis 3-101 can be sealed and waterproofed using a retractable plastic hose. The undulating motion of the waves causes the wave energy harvesting mechanism 3 to swing up and down relative to the chassis 3-101 and the main shaft connecting rod 4-7. Because the chassis fixed gear 3-1 is fixed and cannot rotate, the up-and-down swing of the wave energy harvesting mechanism 3 will drive the ordinary gear 3-2 to rotate. The ordinary gear 3-2 meshes with the outer cover gear 3-504 of the direction adjustment gear 3-5. The locking gear 3-502 is fixed to the outer cover gear 3-504 by a torsion spring. When the outer cover gear 3-504 rotates clockwise, the locking gear 3-502 will not engage because the teeth of the ratchet 3-503 are clockwise. Ratchet 1 3-503 is not in operation; pinion 1 3-510 is fixed to the cylindrical outer shell 3-3 via end cap 2 3-511; the teeth of ratchet 2 3-508 are clockwise; locking tooth 2 3-513 is fixed to the inner mounting plate cover compound gear 3-509 via a torsion spring; when the outer cover gear 3-504 rotates clockwise, pinion 1 3-510 drives the inner mounting plate cover compound gear 3-509 to rotate counterclockwise; at this time, locking tooth 2 3-513 will lock ratchet 2 3-508, and ratchet 2 3-508 drives connecting shaft 1 3-402 to rotate counterclockwise. When the outer cover gear 3-504 rotates counterclockwise, the first locking tooth 3-502 will lock the first ratchet 3-503, thereby driving the first connecting shaft 3-402 to rotate counterclockwise. Meanwhile, because the second locking tooth 3-513 rotates clockwise on the right, the second ratchet 3-508 does not drive. Therefore, regardless of whether the ordinary gear 3-2 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, the output of the incomplete gear 3-401 is always rotation in the same direction.

[0034] The vortex spring energy storage device 3-6 also includes a vortex spring energy storage device housing 3-601, a vortex spring 3-602, a bearing 3-603, a connecting chuck 3-604, a vortex spring energy storage device cover 3-605, and a pinion 3-607. The pinion 3-607 is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft 3-606 and meshes with the incomplete gear component 3-4. The vortex spring energy storage device housing 3-601 is installed at one end of the connecting shaft 3-606 and is connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical housing 3-3. The vortex spring energy storage device cover 3-605 is installed... The spiral spring 3-602, bearing 3-603, and connecting chuck 3-604 are placed inside the spiral spring energy storage device housing 3-601, with the spiral spring 3-602, bearing 3-603, and connecting chuck 3-604 positioned between them. The connecting chuck 3-604 is mounted on the connecting shaft 3-606 via bearing 3-603. The spiral spring 3-602 is mounted on the connecting chuck 3-604, with one end fixed to the connecting shaft 3-606 and the other end connected to the inner wall of the spiral spring energy storage device housing 3-601. The spiral spring energy storage device cover 3-605 is connected to the connecting chuck 3-604.

[0035] The one-way rotating wheel 3-7 includes a one-way rotating gear composite cover 3-701, a locking tooth 3-702, a bearing 2 3-703, a one-way rotating gear housing 3-704, and a ratchet 3-705. The one-way rotating gear composite cover 3-701 is connected to one end face of the one-way rotating gear housing 3-704. The whole formed by the two is installed on the connecting shaft 2 3-606 through the bearing 2 3-703. The locking tooth 3-702 and the ratchet 3-705 are respectively set in the one-way rotating gear housing 3-704. The opposite sides of the locking tooth 3-702 are fixed to the one-way rotating gear composite cover 3-701 and the one-way rotating gear housing 3-704 respectively. The ratchet 3-705 is fixed on the connecting shaft 2 3-606 and cooperates with the locking tooth 3-702. The outer side of the unidirectional rotating gear composite cover 3-701 is provided with helical teeth that mesh with the helical gear 3-8, and the tooth direction of the ratchet 3-705 is counterclockwise.

[0036] Incomplete gear 3-401 meshes with pinion 3-607. During the rotation of incomplete gear 3-401, the toothed part meshes with pinion 3-607, driving connecting shaft 3-606 to rotate clockwise. This, in turn, drives the spiral spring 3-602 to store energy. Because the ratchet 3-705 inside the one-way rotating gear 3-7 has a counter-clockwise tooth direction, and the locking tooth 3-702 is fixed to the one-way rotating gear composite cover 3-701 and the one-way rotating gear housing 3-704 by a torsion spring, the ratchet 3-705 will not jam the locking tooth 3-702 when rotating clockwise. Therefore, the clockwise rotation of connecting shaft 3-606 does not... This will drive the one-way rotating gear composite cover 3-701 to rotate. Therefore, during the energy storage process, the main shaft of generator 1 3-9 does not rotate. When the part of the incomplete gear 3-401 without teeth meshes with the pinion 2 3-607, the contact between the incomplete gear 3-401 and the pinion 2 3-607 is broken, and the energy stored in the vortex spring 3-602 is released, causing the connecting shaft 2 3-606 to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the ratchet 3 3-705 rotates counterclockwise and locks the locking tooth 3 3-702, which drives the helical gear of the one-way rotating gear composite cover 3-701 to rotate. Thus, the helical gear 3-8 drives the main shaft of generator 1 3-9 to rotate to generate electricity.

[0037] The upper and lower track motion power generation system 4 includes a T-shaped fixed frame 4-1, a housing 4-2, a small generator 4-3, a generator fixed frame 4-4, a moving T-shaped threaded round tube 4-5, and a deep groove ball bearing 4-6. The housing 4-2 has a barrel-shaped structure, with the moving T-shaped threaded round tube 4-5 passing through the center of its bottom. The inner ring of the moving T-shaped threaded round tube 4-5 is threaded, and the outer ring is connected to the bottom of the housing 4-2 through the deep groove ball bearing 4-6. The small generator 4-3 runs along the housing between the housing 4-2 and the moving T-shaped threaded round tube 4-5. Multiple small generators 4-2 are spaced apart on the inner ring and are mounted on the inner wall of the outer shell 4-2 via generator mounting brackets 4-4. Each small generator 4-3 is connected to the outer ring gear of the moving T-shaped threaded tube 4-5. Multiple T-shaped mounting brackets 4-1 are spaced apart on the inner ring of the outer shell 4-2. The large end of the T-shaped mounting bracket 4-1 is connected to the outer shell 4-2, and the small end points to the center of the outer shell 4-2. The moving T-shaped threaded tube 4-5 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft connecting rod 4-7 and threadedly connected to it. The small end of the T-shaped mounting bracket 4-1 abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft connecting rod 4-7.

[0038] Each small generator 4-3 has a small gear fixed on its main shaft, and a large gear fixed on the outer ring of the moving T-shaped threaded tube. Each small gear meshes with the large gear. The moving T-shaped threaded tube 4-5 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the main shaft connecting rod 4-7 and threadedly connected to it, so that the outer shell 4-2 and the main shaft connecting rod 4-7 do not rotate when the moving T-shaped threaded tube 4-5 rotates. When the wave drives the upper and lower track system motion generator system 4 to move up and down along the main shaft connecting rod 4-7, the main shaft connecting rod 4-7 and the small generator 4-3 are relatively stationary. The rotation of the moving T-shaped threaded tube 4-5 drives the main shaft of each small generator 4-3 to rotate and generate electricity through gear transmission.

[0039] like Figure 7 As shown, the stabilizing device 5 has a hexagonal conical structure. Its top small disc is connected to the bottom of the main shaft connecting rod 4-7 by an anchor chain. The anchor chain is about 10 meters long. The outer shell of the stabilizing device 5 can be made of synthetic fiber cloth. Its shape is fixed by a small stainless steel cylinder. Its overall size is basically equal to the size of the parachute structure of the entire device body in the semi-open state.

[0040] The input to rectifier circuit 1-101 is the unstable current output from the generators in each wave energy harvesting device. Rectifier circuit 1-101 is mainly used to prevent current from supercapacitor 1-102 from flowing back into the engine and to ensure that the output is DC. Only one supercapacitor is needed to store the electrical energy generated by each generator, serving to combine currents, temporarily store energy, and provide initial voltage stabilization. Simultaneously, it outputs a larger current to activate BQ25570 energy harvester module 1-103. The DC output from supercapacitor 1-102 is converted to 5.5V regulated DC by BQ25570 energy harvester module 1-103. The output 5.5V regulated DC can directly charge and store energy for energy storage battery 1-104, which then powers the various operating components.

[0041] The STM32 control system 1-105 includes an SRM32 chip, and the detection components 1-106 include a miniature camera, a temperature detection module, a trace element detection module, an ultrasonic module, and a wireless communication module. The miniature camera can monitor the ocean surface in real time and analyze fish activity, ocean currents, etc., through visual neural networks; the temperature detection module can measure the temperature changes of the ocean surface and seawater; the trace element detection module can be used to detect marine pollution, etc.; the ultrasonic module can be used for distance measurement, providing assistance for marine transportation; and the wireless communication module can be used to transmit information.

[0042] This device is manually transported and deployed in the deep sea off the coast. The number of devices can be selected according to the actual sea conditions, and they can be arranged in a grid to form a detection matrix. The devices can communicate with each other via radio for communication, display and processing of detection information and captured images, and sending commands to each device.

[0043] This invention relates to the collection and utilization of wave energy and the monitoring of the marine environment using a wireless sensor network. The wave energy collection device, employing an umbrella-shaped structure design, significantly improves equipment stability and energy conversion efficiency. Functionally, it incorporates a wireless sensor network, enabling wave energy generation while simultaneously monitoring sea surface conditions and providing real-time information exchange. This multi-functional device offers numerous advantages, including high efficiency, practicality, and economy. It solves the problem of power consumption for the umbrella-shaped wave energy collection device, extending the underwater working time of monitoring nodes and improving work efficiency. It also achieves energy storage and equipment power generation, extending operating time and lifespan. Based on the functions of a marine wireless sensor network system and emergency communication system, this invention can provide services for military, logistics, rescue, and environmental monitoring.

Claims

1. An energy harvesting device for sea surface monitoring nodes, characterized in that: The system includes an environmental monitoring and energy storage unit (1), a main shaft connecting rod and chassis structure (2), a wave energy collection mechanism (3), an upper and lower track motion power generation system (4), and a stabilizing mechanism (5). The main shaft connecting rod and chassis structure (2) includes a vertically arranged main shaft connecting rod (4-7) and a chassis (3-101) horizontally fixed to the upper end of the main shaft connecting rod. The environmental monitoring and energy storage unit (1) is installed on the upper surface of the chassis (3-101). Multiple wave energy collection mechanisms (3) are arranged at intervals around the main shaft connecting rod (4-7). One end of each wave energy collection mechanism (3) is connected to the chassis (3-101), and the other end floats. The upper and lower track motion power generation system (4) is sleeved and installed on the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft connecting rod (4-7). The lower end of the main shaft connecting rod (4-7) is connected to the stabilizing mechanism (5). The wave energy collection mechanism (3) and the upper and lower track motion power generation system (4) are respectively connected to the environmental monitoring and energy storage unit (1) via signal. The wave energy harvesting mechanism (3) includes a chassis-fixed gear (3-1), a float (3-11), a cylindrical shell (3-3), and a common gear (3-2), an incomplete gear component (3-4), a direction-adjusting gear (3-5), a vortex spring energy storage device (3-6), a one-way rotating wheel (3-7), a helical gear (3-8), a small generator (3-9), and a generator fixing component (3-10) installed inside the cylindrical shell (3-3). Gear (3-1) is fixed to chassis (3-101). The upper end of cylindrical shell (3-3) is rotatably connected to chassis (3-101) via built-in bearing (3-102) and bolts (3-103). A float (3-11) is installed at the lower end of cylindrical shell (3-3). Ordinary gear (3-2) is connected to the inner wall of cylindrical shell (3-3) via connecting bearing (3-106) and meshes with the fixed gear (3-1) on chassis. Incomplete gear components (3-...) 4) Located below the ordinary gear (3-2), its connecting shaft one (3-402) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell (3-3) at both ends. The directional adjustment gear (3-5) is mounted on the connecting shaft one (3-402) and meshes with the ordinary gear (3-2). The vortex spring energy storage device (3-6) is located below the incomplete gear (3-4) and meshes with it. The connecting shaft two (3-606) of the vortex spring energy storage device (3-6) is connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell (3-3) at both ends. The inner wall is rotated and connected. The one-way rotating wheel (3-7) is installed on the connecting shaft two (3-606). The small generator one (3-9) is fixed inside the cylindrical shell (3-3) below the vortex spring energy storage device (3-6) through the generator fixing part (3-10). The helical gear (3-8) is connected to the small generator one (3-9) and meshes with the one-way rotating wheel (3-7). The small generator one (3-9) is connected to the environmental monitoring and energy storage unit (1) for signal connection. The directional adjustment gear (3-5) includes end cover one (3-501), end cover two (3-511), small cover (3-512), outer cover gear (3-504), and a locking tooth one (3-502), a ratchet one (3-503), a large bearing (3-505), an inner mounting plate (3-506), and a small... The components include a bearing (3-507), ratchet two (3-508), an inner mounting plate cover compound gear (3-509), pinion one (3-510), and a retaining gear two (3-513). Retaining gear one (3-502) is mounted on the outer cover gear (3-504) via a torsion spring. Ratchet one (3-503) is mounted on connecting shaft one (3-402) and engages with retaining gear one (3-502). The outer ring of the inner mounting plate (3-506)... The large gear (3-505) is installed inside the outer cover gear (3-504). The second locking gear (3-513) is mounted on the inner mounting plate (3-506) via another torsion spring. The second ratchet (3-508) is mounted on the inner ring of the inner mounting plate (3-506) via a small bearing (3-507). The second ratchet (3-508) engages with the second locking gear (3-513). The inner mounting plate cover compound gear (3-509) connects with the inner mounting plate... The disc (3-506) is fixed by small screws. The first small gear (3-510) is fixed to the cylindrical outer shell (3-3) through the second end cover (3-511). The first small gear (3-510) cooperates with the internal gear of the inner mounting disc (3-506) and the composite gear (3-509) of the inner mounting disc cover. The small cover (3-512) passes through the second end cover (3-511) and is fixed with the composite gear (3-509) of the inner mounting disc cover. The upper and lower track motion power generation system (4) includes a T-shaped fixed frame (4-1), a housing (4-2), a small generator II (4-3), a generator fixed frame (4-4), a moving T-shaped threaded round tube (4-5), and a deep groove ball bearing (4-6). The housing (4-2) has a barrel-shaped structure, with the moving T-shaped threaded round tube (4-5) passing through the center of its bottom. The inner ring of the moving T-shaped threaded round tube (4-5) is threaded, and the outer ring is connected to the bottom of the housing (4-2) through the deep groove ball bearing (4-6). The small generator II (4-3) runs along the track between the housing (4-2) and the moving T-shaped threaded round tube (4-5). Multiple small generators (4-3) are spaced apart on the inner ring of the outer casing (4-2) and are installed on the inner wall of the outer casing (4-2) by generator mounting brackets (4-4). Each small generator (4-3) is connected to the outer ring gear of the moving T-shaped threaded round tube (4-5). Multiple T-shaped mounting brackets (4-1) are spaced apart on the inner ring of the outer casing (4-2). The large end of the T-shaped mounting bracket (4-1) is connected to the outer casing (4-2), and the small end points to the center of the outer casing (4-2). The moving T-shaped threaded round tube (4-5) is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft connecting rod (4-7) and threadedly connected to it. The small end of the T-shaped mounting bracket (4-1) abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft connecting rod (4-7).

2. The energy harvesting device for sea surface monitoring nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The incomplete gear component (3-4) also includes an incomplete gear (3-401). The incomplete gear (3-401) is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft (3-402) and meshes with the spiral spring energy storage device (3-6). The outer circumferential surface of the incomplete gear (3-401) is composed of a serrated surface and a smooth surface spliced ​​together.

3. The energy harvesting device for sea surface monitoring nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The teeth of ratchet one (3-503) are clockwise, and the teeth of ratchet two (3-508) are clockwise.

4. The energy harvesting device for sea surface monitoring nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex spring energy storage device (3-6) also includes a vortex spring energy storage device housing (3-601), a vortex spring (3-602), a bearing (3-603), a connecting chuck (3-604), a vortex spring energy storage device cover (3-605), and a pinion gear (3-607). The pinion gear (3-607) is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft (3-606) and meshes with the incomplete gear component (3-4). The vortex spring energy storage device housing (3-601) is installed at one end of the connecting shaft (3-606) and is connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical housing (3-3). The vortex spring energy storage device cover (3-605) is also included. Installed on one side of the shell (3-601) of the vortex spring energy storage device, the vortex spring (3-602), bearing one (3-603), and connecting chuck (3-604) are placed inside the shell (3-601) between the two. The connecting chuck (3-604) is installed on the connecting shaft two (3-606) through bearing one (3-603). The vortex spring (3-602) is installed on the connecting chuck (3-604), with one end fixed to the connecting shaft two (3-606) and the other end connected to the inner wall of the shell (3-601) of the vortex spring energy storage device. The vortex spring energy storage device cover (3-605) is connected to the connecting chuck (3-604).

5. An energy harvesting device for sea surface monitoring nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way rotating wheel (3-7) includes a one-way rotating gear composite cover (3-701), a locking tooth three (3-702), a bearing two (3-703), a one-way rotating gear housing (3-704), and a ratchet three (3-705). The one-way rotating gear composite cover (3-701) is connected to one end face of the one-way rotating gear housing (3-704). The whole formed by the two is installed on the connecting shaft two (3-606) through the bearing two (3-703). The locking tooth three (3-702) and the ratchet three (3-705) are respectively set in the one-way rotating gear housing (3-704). The opposite two sides of the locking tooth three (3-702) are fixed to the one-way rotating gear composite cover (3-701) and the one-way rotating gear housing (3-704) respectively. The ratchet three (3-705) is fixed on the connecting shaft two (3-606) and cooperates with the locking tooth three (3-702).

6. An energy harvesting device for sea surface monitoring nodes according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side of the unidirectional rotating gear composite cover (3-701) is provided with helical teeth that mesh with the helical gear (3-8), and the tooth direction of the ratchet three (3-705) is counterclockwise.

7. An energy harvesting device for sea surface monitoring nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental monitoring and energy storage unit (1) includes a rectifier circuit (1-101), a supercapacitor (1-102), a BQ25570 energy harvester module (1-103), an energy storage battery (1-104), an STM32 control system (1-105), and a detection element (1-106) connected in sequence. The wave energy harvesting mechanism (3) and the upper and lower track motion power generation system (4) are respectively connected to the rectifier circuit (1-101).

Images