Antenna system and anti-UAV system equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses an antenna system and anti-drone system equipment. The antenna system's operating frequency covers the full frequency band of radio signals. The antenna system includes: a reconnaissance antenna, a direction-finding antenna, a first strike antenna, a second strike antenna, and a third strike antenna. The direction-finding antenna and the third strike antenna are arranged coplanarly, and the first strike antenna, the second strike antenna, and the third strike antenna are arranged in parallel at a preset distance to form a square three-dimensional area. The reconnaissance antenna is arranged directly below the square three-dimensional area. This enables the antenna system to operate within the full frequency band of radio signals, allowing the antenna system to not only perform reconnaissance and strike functions while covering the full frequency band of radio signals, but also achieve a compact size. After being installed in the anti-drone system equipment, the antenna system is small in size, meeting the portability and flexibility requirements of the anti-drone system equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna system and anti-UAV system equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the expansion of the drone system equipment market and the increasing diversity of drone types, the development of the drone sector has posed new challenges to counter-drone system equipment. Commercial drone signal frequencies primarily range from 400MHz to 6GHz, including 433MHz, 800MHz, 900MHz, 2.4GHz, 5.2GHz, and 5.8GHz. However, many drones on the market still use arbitrary, illegal frequencies below 6GHz. Currently, counter-drone system equipment cannot operate across the entire frequency band, unable to simultaneously cover the full 400MHz to 6GHz frequency band for omnidirectional reconnaissance, direction finding, and full-band strike capabilities. Furthermore, its bulky size makes it difficult to meet the portability and flexibility requirements of counter-drone system equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present invention aim to provide an antenna system and an anti-drone system device, which can solve the problems that existing anti-drone system equipment cannot operate in the full frequency band, cannot simultaneously cover the omnidirectional reconnaissance, direction finding and full-band strike functions of the full frequency band of 400MHz to 6GHz, and is large in size and cannot meet the portability and flexibility requirements of anti-drone system equipment.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides an antenna system, the operating frequency of which covers the entire frequency band of radio signals; the antenna system includes: a reconnaissance antenna, a direction-finding antenna, a first strike antenna, a second strike antenna, and a third strike antenna; the direction-finding antenna and the third strike antenna are arranged coplanarly, and the first strike antenna, the second strike antenna, and the third strike antenna are arranged in parallel at a preset distance to form a square three-dimensional area; the reconnaissance antenna is arranged directly below the square three-dimensional area.

[0005] Optionally, the reconnaissance antenna is an ultra-wideband omnidirectional non-planar antenna, and its operating frequency covers the entire frequency band of radio signals.

[0006] Optionally, the reconnaissance antenna includes a single-cone antenna, which includes a single-cone radiator, a metal floor, a reflector and a radio frequency line; the single-cone radiator is inverted under the metal floor and close to the end point of the metal floor; the reflector is located on one side of the single-cone radiator; the radio frequency line is located above the metal floor, and one end is connected to the top of the single-cone radiator.

[0007] Optionally, the direction-finding antenna is a narrow-band directional planar PCB antenna, and its operating frequency covers the 2.4 GHz frequency band and the 5.8 GHz frequency band.

[0008] Optionally, the direction-finding antenna includes a first Yagi antenna operating in the 2.4 GHz frequency band and a second Yagi antenna operating in the 5.8 GHz frequency band, and the second Yagi antenna is located between the first Yagi antenna and the third strike antenna.

[0009] Optionally, the first Yagi antenna includes several first radiating arms, a first active component and a first RF connector; the first active component is connected to one of the first radiating arms, and the first RF connector is connected to the first active component; the second Yagi antenna includes several second radiating arms, a second active component and a second RF connector, the second active component is connected to one of the second radiating arms, and the second RF connector is connected to the second active component.

[0010] Optionally, the length of the first radiation dipole arm is half the wavelength of the 2.4 GHz frequency band in a dielectric substrate and air mixture medium; the length of the second radiation dipole arm is half the wavelength of the 5.8 GHz frequency band in a dielectric substrate and air mixture medium.

[0011] Optionally, the third strike antenna is a broadband directional PCB antenna in a third frequency range.

[0012] Optionally, the third strike antenna includes a first upper radiating ridge, a first lower radiating ridge, a second upper radiating ridge, a second lower radiating ridge, a first floor, a first microstrip feeder and a third RF connector; the first microstrip feeder is respectively connected to the first upper radiating ridge and the second upper radiating ridge; the first floor is the ground of the first microstrip feeder, and is respectively connected to the first lower radiating ridge and the second lower radiating ridge; the first upper radiating ridge and the first lower radiating ridge constitute a first gradient radiation slot structure, and the second upper radiating ridge and the second lower radiating ridge constitute a second gradient radiation slot structure.

[0013] Optionally, the second strike antenna is a broadband directional PCB antenna in a second frequency range.

[0014] Optionally, the second strike antenna includes a third upper radiating ridge, a third lower radiating ridge, a fourth upper radiating ridge, a fourth lower radiating ridge, a second floor, a second microstrip feeder and a third RF connector; the second microstrip feeder is respectively connected to the third upper radiating ridge and the fourth upper radiating ridge; the second floor is the ground of the second microstrip feeder, and is respectively connected to the third lower radiating ridge and the fourth lower radiating ridge; the third upper radiating ridge and the third lower radiating ridge constitute a third gradient radiation slot structure, and the fourth upper radiating ridge and the fourth lower radiating ridge constitute a fourth gradient radiation slot structure.

[0015] Optionally, the second strike antenna further includes a first guiding structure and a second guiding structure, the first guiding structure includes at least one first frequency gain module, and the second guiding structure includes at least one first frequency gain module.

[0016] Optionally, the first strike antenna is a broadband directional PCB antenna in a first frequency range.

[0017] Optionally, the first strike antenna includes a plurality of first radiating elements, a coaxial feed line and a feeding point; the radio frequency signal is fed into the coaxial feed line through the feeding point and feeds the plurality of first radiating elements along the direction of the coaxial feed line.

[0018] Optionally, the first strike antenna further includes a third directing structure and a fourth directing structure, the third directing structure includes at least one third frequency gain module, and the fourth directing structure includes at least one fourth frequency gain module.

[0019] Correspondingly, a second embodiment of the present invention provides an anti-drone system device, comprising the antenna system, reconnaissance circuit, and strike circuit described in the first embodiment, wherein the antenna system is electrically connected to the reconnaissance circuit and the strike circuit, respectively; wherein:

[0020] The antenna system is used to receive full-band radio signals from the drone, transmit the drone radio signals to the reconnaissance circuit, and transmit radio frequency interference signals generated by the strike circuit;

[0021] The reconnaissance circuit is used to perform radio frequency and baseband processing on the radio signal of the drone, obtain the time-frequency characteristics of the radio signal of the drone, and determine the frequency of the radio signal of the drone;

[0022] The strike circuit is used to generate a radio frequency interference signal with the same frequency as the radio signal of the drone according to the frequency of the radio signal of the drone, and feed the signal into the antenna system.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an antenna system and anti-drone system equipment. The operating frequency of the antenna system covers the entire frequency band of radio signals and is applied to anti-drone system equipment. The antenna system includes: a reconnaissance antenna, a direction-finding antenna, a first strike antenna, a second strike antenna and a third strike antenna. The direction-finding antenna and the third strike antenna are arranged coplanarly, and the first strike antenna, the second strike antenna and the third strike antenna are arranged in parallel at a preset distance to form a square three-dimensional area. The reconnaissance antenna is arranged directly below the square three-dimensional area. This enables the antenna system to operate across the entire radio signal frequency band, enabling both reconnaissance and strike functions to simultaneously cover the entire radio signal frequency band. Functionally, it must be capable of long-range reconnaissance of drone communication signals for non-line-of-sight early warning, as well as direction finding of drone signals, ultimately guiding precise and efficient electromagnetic countermeasures against drones. Furthermore, through antenna selection and multi-antenna layout, the antenna system achieves a compact size. Once installed in anti-drone system equipment, the anti-drone system achieves a compact size, meeting the portability and flexibility requirements of anti-drone equipment, making it more convenient and flexible to carry. This addresses the current issues with anti-drone system equipment, which cannot operate across the entire frequency band, cannot simultaneously cover the full radio signal frequency band for omnidirectional reconnaissance, direction finding, and full-band strike functions, and are bulky and unable to meet the portability and flexibility requirements of anti-drone equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by pictures in the corresponding drawings. These exemplifications do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are represented as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a reconnaissance antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the S parameters of a reconnaissance antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the gain of a reconnaissance antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention in the full frequency band of 400 MHz to 6 GHz;

[0031] Figure 7 and Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the directional pattern of a reconnaissance antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz, frequencies commonly used for communication with drones;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a dielectric substrate in an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a direction-finding antenna and a third strike antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 and Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of S parameters of a direction-finding antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 and Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the gain of a direction-finding antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 15 and Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the directional pattern of a direction-finding antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention in the 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz frequency bands;

[0037] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of S parameters of a third strike antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the gain of a third strike antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of a directional pattern of a third strike antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention in the 5.8 GHz frequency band;

[0040] Figure 20 It is a structural schematic diagram of a second strike antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of S parameters of a second strike antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the gain of a second strike antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 23is a schematic diagram of a directional pattern of a second strike antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention in a 2.4 GHz frequency band;

[0044] Figure 24 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first strike antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of S parameters of a first strike antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the gain of a first strike antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 27 It is a schematic diagram of a directional pattern of a first strike antenna in an antenna system provided by the present invention at a GPS frequency of 1.575 GHz;

[0048] Figure 28 This is a structural diagram of an anti-UAV system device provided by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reconnaissance circuit in an anti-UAV system device provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 30 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a strike circuit in an anti-UAV system device.

[0051] Description of main component symbols:

[0052] Antenna system 1 First strike antenna 11

[0053] Second striking antenna 12 Third striking antenna 13

[0054] Reconnaissance antenna 14 Direction finding antenna 15

[0055] Single cone antenna 141 Single cone radiator 1411

[0056] Metal floor 1412 Reflector 1413

[0057] RF line 1414 First Yagi antenna 151

[0058] First radiation dipole arm 1511 Second Yagi antenna 152

[0059] First RF connector 1513 First active component 1512

[0060] Second radiation dipole arm 1521 Second active component 1522

[0061] Second RF connector 1523 First floor 135

[0062] First upper radiation ridge piece 131 First lower radiation ridge piece 132

[0063] Second upper radiation ridge piece 133 Second lower radiation ridge piece 134

[0064] First microstrip feed line 136 Third RF connector 137

[0065] The third upper radiation ridge piece 121 and the third lower radiation ridge piece 122

[0066] Fourth upper radiation ridge 123 Fourth lower radiation ridge 124

[0067] Second ground plane 125 Second microstrip feed line 126

[0068] Fourth RF connector 127 First guide structure 128

[0069] Second guide structure 129 First frequency gain module 1281

[0070] Second frequency gain module 1291 First radiation oscillator 111

[0071] Coaxial feed line 112 third guide structure 113

[0072] Fourth guiding structure 114 feeding point 115

[0073] The third frequency gain module 1131 and the fourth frequency gain module 1141

[0074] Upper surface 181 of dielectric substrate 18

[0075] Lower surface 182 Anti-UAV system equipment 100

[0076] Reconnaissance Circuit 2 Strike Circuit 3

[0077] Radio receiver 21 Digital signal processing module 22

[0078] Operational amplifier 31 Voltage controlled oscillator 32

[0079] Power amplifier 33 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0080] For ease of understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "bottom" etc. used in this specification is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0081] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention belongs. The terms used in this specification and in the description of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items.

[0082] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0083] The development of drones (UAVs) presents new challenges for counter-drone (CDR) systems. With the expansion of the UAV market and the increasing diversity of drone types, CDR systems are required to be more portable and flexible. They must be capable of both long-range reconnaissance of UAV communication signals for non-line-of-sight early warning and direction finding of UAV signals, ultimately guiding precise and efficient electromagnetic countermeasures against drones. Furthermore, commercial UAV signal frequencies primarily range from 400MHz to 6GHz, including 433MHz, 800MHz, 900MHz, 2.4GHz, 5.2GHz, and 5.8GHz. However, many drones in the market still use arbitrary, illegal frequencies below 6GHz. Therefore, CDR systems are required to operate across the entire frequency band, placing stringent requirements on the electrical performance and size of their antenna systems to ensure greater portability. Currently, CDR systems are unable to operate across the entire frequency band, unable to simultaneously cover the full 400MHz to 6GHz frequency range for omnidirectional reconnaissance, direction finding, and strike capabilities. Furthermore, their bulky size hinders the portability and flexibility required of CDR systems.

[0084] In view of this, the present invention provides an antenna system for use in anti-UAV system equipment. The antenna system includes a full-band omnidirectional reconnaissance antenna, a 2.4 / 5.8GHz direction-finding antenna, and three broadband strike antennas. The antenna system not only enables the reconnaissance and strike functions to cover the entire frequency band of 400MHz to 6GHz simultaneously, but also achieves a compact size through antenna selection and multi-antenna layout. The small size can meet the portability and flexibility requirements of anti-UAV system equipment, and the anti-UAV system equipment can be carried more conveniently and flexibly.

[0085] In order to facilitate understanding of the above inventive concept of the present invention, the above inventive concept of the present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0086] In one embodiment, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides an antenna system 1, which is applied to anti-UAV system equipment. The operating frequency of the antenna system 1 covers the full frequency band of radio signals. The antenna system 1 includes: a reconnaissance antenna 14, a direction-finding antenna 15, a first strike antenna 11, a second strike antenna 12 and a third strike antenna 13. The direction-finding antenna 15 and the third strike antenna 13 are arranged coplanar, and the first strike antenna 11, the second strike antenna 12 and the third strike antenna 13 are arranged in parallel at a preset distance to form a square three-dimensional area. The reconnaissance antenna 14 is arranged directly below the square three-dimensional area.

[0087] In the present invention, the full frequency band of radio signals includes the range of 200MHz frequency band to 8GHz frequency band. Preferably, the full frequency band of radio signals includes the range of 400MHz frequency band to 6GHz frequency band. In the embodiment of the present invention, the full frequency band of radio signals is illustrated by taking the range of 400MHz frequency band to 6GHz frequency band as an example.

[0088] In this embodiment, an antenna system is provided for use in anti-drone system equipment. The antenna system's operating frequency covers the full radio signal frequency band. The antenna system includes a reconnaissance antenna, a direction-finding antenna, a first strike antenna, a second strike antenna, and a third strike antenna. The direction-finding antenna and the third strike antenna are coplanarly arranged, and the first, second, and third strike antennas are arranged in parallel at a preset spacing to form a square three-dimensional area. The reconnaissance antenna is located directly below the square three-dimensional area. This allows the antenna system to operate within the full radio signal frequency band, providing both reconnaissance and strike functions while covering the full radio signal frequency band. Functionally, the antenna system is capable of long-range reconnaissance of drone communication signals for non-line-of-sight early warning, as well as direction-finding of drone signals, ultimately guiding precise and efficient electromagnetic countermeasures against drones. Furthermore, through antenna selection and multi-antenna layout, the antenna system achieves a compact size. When installed in the anti-drone system, the anti-drone system achieves a compact size, meeting the portability and flexibility requirements of the anti-drone system, making it more convenient and flexible to carry. This can solve the problem that current anti-UAV system equipment cannot work in the full frequency band, cannot simultaneously cover the omnidirectional reconnaissance, direction finding and full-band strike functions of the full frequency band of radio signals, and is too large to meet the portability and flexibility requirements of anti-UAV system equipment.

[0089] In one embodiment, the reconnaissance antenna 14 is an ultra-wideband omnidirectional non-planar antenna, and its operating frequency covers the entire radio signal frequency band. The reconnaissance antenna 14 is used to receive radio signals from drones and provide early warning for drones operating at any frequency in the entire airspace.

[0090] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, the reconnaissance antenna 14 includes a monoconical antenna 141 , which operates in the full frequency band of radio signals. For example, the diameter of the monoconical radiator 1411 is 64 mm and the height is 62 mm.

[0091] The single-cone antenna 141 includes a single-cone radiator 1411, a metal floor 1412, a reflector 1413 and a radio frequency line 1414; the single-cone radiator 1411 is inverted below the metal floor 1412 and close to the end point of the metal floor 1412; the reflector 1413 is located on one side of the single-cone radiator 1411; the radio frequency line 1414 is located above the metal floor 1412, and one end is connected to the top of the single-cone radiator 1411.

[0092] The metal floor 1412 has an unbalanced ground structure. On the one hand, it extends the current path of the monoconical antenna 141, improving the radiation efficiency of the reconnaissance antenna 14 at low frequencies. On the other hand, it serves as a reflector for the first strike antenna 11, the second strike antenna 12, and the third strike antenna 13, thereby increasing the isolation between the antenna system and the preceding and following circuits and reducing electromagnetic compatibility risks. For example, the metal floor 1412 is L-shaped.

[0093] The single cone radiator 1411 is inverted below the metal floor 1412 and close to the end point of the metal floor 1412, which can reduce the reflection effect of the metal floor 1412, improve the omnidirectionality of the radiation pattern of the reconnaissance antenna 14, and thus improve the omnidirectional reconnaissance capability of the reconnaissance antenna 14.

[0094] The reflector 1413 is located on one side of the single cone radiator 1411 . The reflector 1413 can reflect the electromagnetic wave signal of the single cone radiator 1411 , thereby increasing the gain of the reconnaissance antenna 14 along the reflection direction.

[0095] The radio frequency line 1414 is located above the metal floor 1412 , and one end of the radio frequency line 1414 is connected to the top of the single cone radiator 1411 . The other end of the radio frequency line 1414 is connected to the reconnaissance circuit 2 .

[0096] like Figure 5 As shown in FIG, it is the S parameter of the reconnaissance antenna 14. Figure 5 It can be shown that the reconnaissance antenna 14 can cover the entire frequency band of radio signals and can provide early warning for drones operating at any frequency in the entire airspace.

[0097] like Figure 6 As shown in FIG, it is the gain of the reconnaissance antenna 14 in the full frequency band of radio signals. Figure 6 It can be shown that the reconnaissance antenna 14 still has high gain and radiation efficiency in the low frequency band close to 400 MHz.

[0098] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the directional pattern of the reconnaissance antenna 14 at the commonly used communication frequencies of 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz for drones. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The results in FIG. 1 show that the directional pattern of the reconnaissance antenna 14 is omnidirectional and can realize omnidirectional reconnaissance function.

[0099] In this embodiment, the reconnaissance antenna 14 is a full-band omnidirectional antenna, which can cooperate with the reconnaissance circuit 2 to complete the reconnaissance function and realize early warning of drones operating at any frequency in the entire airspace.

[0100] In one embodiment, the direction-finding antenna 15 is a narrowband directional planar PCB antenna with an operating frequency covering the 2.4 GHz band and the 5.8 GHz band. The direction-finding antenna 15 is used to receive radio signals from the drone and can perform amplitude-based direction finding, thereby enabling direction finding of the drone.

[0101] like Figure 9 Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a dielectric substrate 18. The dielectric substrate 18 includes an upper surface 181 and a lower surface 182. For example, the model of the dielectric substrate 18 is Rogers Ro4350B. The direction-finding antenna 15 is a Yagi antenna, whose metal radiating structure is printed on the upper and lower surfaces 181 and 182 of the dielectric substrate 18 using a PCB manufacturing process.

[0102] like Figures 9 and 10 As shown, the direction-finding antenna 15 includes a first Yagi antenna 151 operating in the 2.4 GHz frequency band and a second Yagi antenna 152 operating in the 5.8 GHz frequency band. The second Yagi antenna 152 is located between the first Yagi antenna 151 and the third strike antenna 13 .

[0103] like Figure 10 As shown, the first Yagi antenna 151 includes a plurality of first radiation dipole arms 1511 , a first active component 1512 and a first RF connector 1513 ; the first active component 1512 is connected to one of the first radiation dipole arms 1511 , and the first RF connector 1513 is connected to the first active component 1512 .

[0104] The length of the first radiating dipole arm 1511 is half a wavelength in the 2.4 GHz frequency band in the dielectric substrate 18 and air mixture. The number of first radiating dipole arms 1511 determines the antenna gain of the first Yagi antenna 151. Generally, a balance is struck between the size and electrical performance of the antenna system. For example, the number of first radiating dipole arms 1511 is ten.

[0105] The first active component 1512 includes a first low noise amplifier and a first filter. The first low noise amplifier operates in the 2.4 GHz frequency band to reduce the receiving noise figure. The first filter operates in the 2.4 GHz frequency band to filter out interference signals.

[0106] The first RF connector 1513 is connected to the reconnaissance circuit 2 via a cable.

[0107] like Figure 10As shown, the second Yagi antenna 152 includes a plurality of second radiation dipole arms 1521 , a second active component 1522 and a second RF connector 1523 . The second active component 1522 is connected to one of the second radiation dipole arms 1521 , and the second RF connector 1523 is connected to the second active component 1522 .

[0108] The length of the second radiating dipole arm 1521 is half a wavelength in the 5.8 GHz frequency band in the dielectric substrate 18 and air mixture. The number of second radiating dipole arms 1521 determines the antenna gain of the second Yagi antenna 152. Generally, a balance is struck between the size and electrical performance of the antenna system. For example, the number of second radiating dipole arms 1521 is ten.

[0109] The second active component 1522 includes a second low noise amplifier and a second filter. The second low noise amplifier operates in the 2.4 GHz frequency band to reduce the receiving noise figure. The second filter operates in the 2.4 GHz frequency band to filter out interference signals.

[0110] The second RF connector 1523 is connected to the reconnaissance circuit 2 via a cable.

[0111] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown in FIG, it is the S parameter of the direction-finding antenna 15. Figure 11 and Figure 12 It can be shown that the direction-finding antenna 15 can perform direction-finding on the 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz frequency band radio signals of the UAV.

[0112] like Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown in FIG, it is the gain of the direction-finding antenna 15. Figure 13 and Figure 14 It can be shown that the passive gain of the direction-finding antenna 15 in the 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz frequency bands is greater than 10 dBi.

[0113] like Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown in FIG, it is the directional pattern of the direction-finding antenna 15 in the 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz frequency bands. Figure 15 and Figure 16 The results in FIG. 1 show that the directional pattern of the direction-finding antenna 15 has strong directivity, which can improve the direction-finding accuracy.

[0114] In this embodiment, the direction-finding antenna 15 is a directional antenna, which can cooperate with the reconnaissance circuit 2 to complete the reconnaissance function. By rotating the direction-finding antenna 15, amplitude comparison direction finding can be achieved, which can realize direction finding of the UAV and improve the angle measurement accuracy.

[0115] In one embodiment, the third strike antenna 13 is a broadband directional PCB antenna operating in a third frequency range, configured to radiate the interference signal generated by the strike circuit 3 toward the drone, effectively interfering with and striking drones operating in the third frequency range. For example, the third frequency range includes the 4 GHz to 8 GHz frequency band, and preferably, the third frequency range includes the 4 GHz to 6 GHz frequency band. In this embodiment, the third strike antenna 13 is described as operating in the 4 GHz to 6 GHz frequency band.

[0116] Since antenna size decreases with increasing operating frequency, the third strike antenna 13 operating in the 4GHz-6GHz frequency band and the direction-finding antenna 15 operating in the 2.4GHz / 5.8GHz frequency band can be coplanarly arranged and co-located on the same PCB. Alternatively, the third strike antenna 13 and the direction-finding antenna 15 can be arranged in parallel with a certain spacing, which can effectively reduce the size of the entire antenna system. For example, the third strike antenna 13 is a Vivaldi antenna. When the third strike antenna 13 and the direction-finding antenna 15 are coplanarly arranged, the upper and lower positions of the third strike antenna 13 and the direction-finding antenna 15 can be swapped.

[0117] Specifically, if Figure 10 As shown, the third strike antenna 13 includes a first upper radiating ridge 131, a first lower radiating ridge 132, a second upper radiating ridge 133, a second lower radiating ridge 134, a first floor 135, a first microstrip feeder 136 and a third RF connector 137; the first upper radiating ridge 131 and the second upper radiating ridge 133 are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, and the first lower radiating ridge 132 and the second lower radiating ridge 134 are arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate; the first microstrip feeder 136 is respectively connected to the first upper radiating ridge 131 and the second upper radiating ridge 133; the first floor 135 is the ground of the first microstrip feeder 136, and is respectively connected to the first lower radiating ridge 132 and the second lower radiating ridge 134; the first upper radiating ridge 131 and the first lower radiating ridge 132 constitute a first gradient radiation slot structure, and the second upper radiating ridge 133 and the second lower radiating ridge 134 constitute a second gradient radiation slot structure.

[0118] The first microstrip feed line 136 is a T-shaped one-to-two power splitter, connected to the first upper radiation ridge 131 and the second upper radiation ridge 133 , and printed on the upper surface 181 of the dielectric substrate 18 .

[0119] The first ground plane 135 is the ground of the first microstrip feed line 136 and is connected to the first lower radiation ridge 132 and the second lower radiation ridge 134 .

[0120] The inner core of the third RF connector 137 is connected to the first microstrip feed line 136 , and the outer conductor is connected to the first ground plane 135 . The RF signal is fed into the third strike antenna 13 through the third RF connector 137 and then radiated out.

[0121] The first upper radiation ridge 131 and the first lower radiation ridge 132 constitute a first gradient radiation slot structure. Similarly, the second upper radiation ridge 133 and the second lower radiation ridge 134 constitute a second gradient radiation slot structure. The opening width of the first gradient radiation slot and the second gradient radiation slot determines the operating frequency of the third strike antenna. In order to make the third strike antenna 13 cover the 4GHz-6GHz frequency band, in this embodiment, the opening width is set to 75mm; the gradient radiation slot length of the first gradient radiation slot and the second gradient radiation slot determines the gain of the third strike antenna 13. The gain of the third strike antenna 13 increases with the increase of the gradient radiation slot length. In this embodiment, the gradient radiation slot length is set to 235mm. The use of the first gradient radiation slot structure and the second gradient radiation slot structure can significantly improve the gain of the third strike antenna 13 (for example, the Vivaldi antenna) in the high frequency band.

[0122] like Figure 17 As shown in FIG, it is the S parameter of the third strike antenna 13. Figure 17 It can be shown that the third strike antenna 13 can cover the 4GH-6GHz frequency band, that is, it can interfere with the communication of the UAV in the 4GH-6GHz frequency band.

[0123] like Figure 18 As shown, it is the gain of the third strike antenna 13. Figure 18 It can be shown that the antenna gain of the third strike antenna 13 in the 4GH-6GHz frequency band is greater than 12.8dBi.

[0124] like Figure 19 As shown in FIG, it is the directional pattern of the third strike antenna 13 in the 5.8 GHz frequency band. Figure 19 The results in show that the radiation pattern of the third strike antenna 13 has strong directivity, which can improve the strike efficiency against UAVs in the 5.8 GHz frequency band.

[0125] In this embodiment, the third strike antenna 13 is a directional antenna operating in the third frequency range, which can radiate the interference signal generated by the strike circuit 3 toward the drone, and can effectively interfere with the drone operating in the high frequency band, forcing the drone to return or make an emergency landing, thereby realizing the strike function against the drone.

[0126] In one embodiment, the second strike antenna 12 is a broadband directional PCB antenna operating in a second frequency range, configured to radiate the interference signal generated by the strike circuit 3 toward the drone, effectively interfering with and striking drones operating in the second frequency range. For example, the second frequency range includes the 2 GHz to 4 GHz frequency band. In this embodiment, the second strike antenna 12 is described as operating in the 2 GHz to 4 GHz frequency band.

[0127] Printing the second strike antenna 12 on a PCB can effectively reduce the volume of the entire antenna system. For example, the second strike antenna 12 is a Vivaldi antenna.

[0128] Specifically, if Figure 20 As shown, the structure of the second strike antenna 12 is similar to that of the third strike antenna 13. The second strike antenna 12 includes a third upper radiation ridge 121, a third lower radiation ridge 122, a fourth upper radiation ridge 123, a fourth lower radiation ridge 124, a second floor 125, a second microstrip feeder 126 and a fourth RF connector 127; the third upper radiation ridge 121 and the fourth upper radiation ridge 123 are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, and the third lower radiation ridge 122 and the fourth lower radiation ridge 124 are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate. 24 is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate; the second microstrip feed line 126 is respectively connected to the third upper radiation ridge 121 and the fourth upper radiation ridge 123; the second floor 125 is the ground of the second microstrip feed line 126, and is respectively connected to the third lower radiation ridge 122 and the fourth lower radiation ridge 124; the third upper radiation ridge 121 and the third lower radiation ridge 122 constitute a third gradient radiation slot structure, and the fourth upper radiation ridge 123 and the fourth lower radiation ridge 124 constitute a fourth gradient radiation slot structure.

[0129] The second microstrip feed line 126 is a T-shaped one-to-two power splitter, connected to the third upper radiation ridge 121 and the fourth upper radiation ridge 123 , respectively, and printed on the upper surface of another dielectric substrate.

[0130] The second ground plane 125 is the ground of the second microstrip feed line 126 and is connected to the third lower radiation ridge 122 and the fourth lower radiation ridge 124 .

[0131] The inner core of the fourth RF connector 127 is connected to the second microstrip feeder 126 , and the outer conductor is connected to the second ground plane 125 . RF signals are fed into the second strike antenna 12 through the fourth RF connector 127 and then radiated out.

[0132] The third upper radiating ridge 121 and the third lower radiating ridge 122 form a third tapered radiating slot structure. Similarly, the fourth upper radiating ridge 123 and the fourth lower radiating ridge 124 form a fourth tapered radiating slot structure. The opening width of the third tapered radiating slot and the fourth tapered radiating slot determines the operating frequency of the second strike antenna 12. To enable the second strike antenna 12 to cover the 2 GHz to 4 GHz frequency band, in this embodiment, the opening width is set to 100 mm. The tapered radiating slot length of the third tapered radiating slot and the fourth tapered radiating slot determines the gain of the second strike antenna 12. The gain of the second strike antenna 12 increases with the increase in the tapered radiating slot length. In this embodiment, the tapered radiating slot length is set to 230 mm. The use of the third tapered radiating slot structure and the fourth tapered radiating slot structure can significantly improve the gain of the second strike antenna 12 in the mid-frequency band.

[0133] like Figure 20 As shown, the second strike antenna 12 further includes a first guiding structure 128 and a second guiding structure 129. The first guiding structure 128 and the second guiding structure 129 are identical. The first guiding structure 128 includes at least one first frequency gain module 1281, and the second guiding structure 129 includes at least one second frequency gain module 1291. For example, the first frequency gain module 1281 and the second frequency gain module 1291 are metal sheets. The first guiding structure 128 includes two metal sheets spaced a certain distance apart, and the second guiding structure 129 includes two metal sheets spaced a certain distance apart.

[0134] The first and second directing structures 128 and 129 can alter the phase distribution of the radiation field at the opening, thereby increasing the antenna's gain at key frequencies. The lengths of the first and second frequency gain modules 1281 and 1291 determine the key frequencies. For example, in this embodiment, the first and second frequency gain modules 1281 and 1291 are both 39 mm long and 5 mm wide, which can increase the gain of the second strike antenna in the 2.4 GHz frequency band.

[0135] like Figure 21 As shown in FIG, it is the S parameter of the second strike antenna 12. Figure 21 It can be shown that the second strike antenna 12 can cover the 2GHz to 4GHz frequency band, that is, it can interfere with the communication of drones in the 2GHz to 4GHz frequency band.

[0136] like Figure 22 As shown, it is the gain of the second strike antenna 12. Figure 22 It can be shown that the antenna gain of the second strike antenna 12 in the 2 GHz to 4 GHz frequency band is greater than 7 dBi, and the gain in the 2.4 GHz frequency band is greater than 12 dBi.

[0137] like Figure 23 As shown in FIG, it is the directional pattern of the second strike antenna 12 in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. Figure 23 The results show that the radiation pattern of the second strike antenna 12 has strong directivity, which can improve the strike efficiency against drones in the 2.4GHz frequency band.

[0138] In this embodiment, the second strike antenna 12 is a directional antenna operating in the second frequency range, which can radiate the interference signal generated by the strike circuit 3 toward the drone, and can effectively interfere with the drone operating in the mid-frequency band, forcing the drone to return or make an emergency landing, thereby realizing the strike function against the drone.

[0139] In one embodiment, the first strike antenna 11 is a broadband directional PCB antenna operating in a first frequency range, configured to radiate the interference signal generated by the strike circuit 3 toward the drone, effectively interfering with and striking the drone operating in the first frequency range. For example, the first frequency range includes the 200 MHz to 2 GHz frequency range, and preferably, the first frequency range includes the 400 MHz to 2 GHz frequency range. In this embodiment, the first strike antenna 11 is described as operating in the 400 MHz to 2 GHz frequency range.

[0140] For example, the first striking antenna 11 is a log-periodic antenna. Figure 24 As shown, the first strike antenna 11 includes a plurality of first radiating elements 111 , a coaxial feed line 112 and a feeding point 115 ; the radio frequency signal is fed into the coaxial feed line 112 through the feeding point 115 and feeds the plurality of first radiating elements 111 along the direction of the coaxial feed line 112 .

[0141] According to the design principles of log-periodic antennas, the number and size of the first radiating elements 111 determine the operating frequency of the first strike antenna 11. In this embodiment, the number of first radiating elements 111 is set to 10, and the arm lengths of the first radiating elements 111 are 22.4mm, 27mm, 34mm, 42mm, 52.3mm, 65mm, 80.6mm, 100mm, 122.3mm, and 157.3mm, respectively. The first radiating elements 111 with arm lengths of 122.3mm and 157.3mm are bent to reduce the antenna size.

[0142] like Figure 24As shown, the first strike antenna 11 also includes a third directing structure 113 and a fourth directing structure 114. The third directing structure 113 and the fourth directing structure 114 are identical. The third directing structure 113 includes at least one third frequency gain module 1131, and the fourth directing structure 114 includes at least one fourth frequency gain module 1141. For example, the third frequency gain module 1131 and the fourth frequency gain module 1141 are metal sheets. The third directing structure 113 includes two metal sheets spaced a certain distance apart, and the fourth directing structure 114 includes two metal sheets spaced a certain distance apart. The third directing structure 113 and the fourth directing structure 114 function to reduce beam distortion of the second strike antenna 12 at 2.4 GHz. Combined with the above-mentioned first guiding structure 128 and second guiding structure 129, the first guiding structure 128, the second guiding structure 129, the third guiding structure 113 and the fourth guiding structure 114 jointly ensure the antenna gain of the second strike antenna 12 at 2.4GHz and optimize the multi-antenna array layout.

[0143] The first strike antenna 11 , the second strike antenna 12 , and the third strike antenna 13 are arranged in parallel at a preset interval to form a square three-dimensional area, so as to reduce the volume of the antenna system.

[0144] The first strike antenna 11, the second strike antenna 12 and the third strike antenna 13 are directional antennas. When the first strike antenna 11, the second strike antenna 12 and the third strike antenna 13 are arranged in parallel at a preset distance, the main beams of the first strike antenna 11, the second strike antenna 12 and the third strike antenna 13 are all directed to the end side (for example, Figure 1 (right side in the figure), the mutual shielding between the antennas can be greatly reduced, and the electrical performance (gain) can be increased. If the first strike antenna 11, the second strike antenna 12, and the third strike antenna 13 are not arranged in parallel at a preset distance, then the two antennas of the first strike antenna 11, the second strike antenna 12, and the third strike antenna 13 will shield each other, and the beam of one antenna will be distorted by the shielding of the other antenna, resulting in a decrease in electrical performance (reduction in gain). When the first strike antenna 11, the second strike antenna 12, and the third strike antenna 13 are arranged in parallel at a preset distance, there will still be mutual influence, resulting in a decrease in electrical performance (reduction in gain). The larger the preset distance, the smaller the mutual influence, but the larger the volume of the square three-dimensional body, which will result in a larger square three-dimensional area. Therefore, it is necessary to balance between electrical performance and volume. In the present invention, in order to obtain better electrical performance, the preset distance is set at 20mm-50mm. For example, in this embodiment, the preset distance is 35mm.

[0145] like Figure 25 As shown in FIG, it is the S parameter of the first strike antenna 11. Figure 25 It can be shown that the first strike antenna 11 can cover the 400MHz-2GHz frequency band, that is, it can interfere with the communication of drones in the 400MHz-2GHz frequency band.

[0146] like Figure 26 As shown in FIG, it is the gain of the first striking antenna 11. Figure 26 It can be shown that the gain of the first strike antenna 11 in the 400MHz-700MHz frequency band increases with increasing frequency, and the minimum gain is -5dBi in the 400MHz frequency band. In the 700MHz-4GHz frequency band, the antenna gain changes gradually, and the gain is basically greater than 5dBi.

[0147] like Figure 27 As shown, it is the directional pattern of the first strike antenna 11 at the GPS frequency 1.575GHz. Figure 27 The results show that the radiation pattern of the first strike antenna 11 has strong directivity, with a maximum gain of more than 7dBi, which increases the strike efficiency against the GPS of the drone.

[0148] In this embodiment, the first strike antenna 11 is a directional antenna operating in the first frequency range, which can radiate the interference signal generated by the strike circuit 3 toward the drone, and can effectively interfere with the drone operating in the low frequency band, forcing the drone to return or make an emergency landing, thereby realizing the strike function against the drone.

[0149] In the present invention, an antenna system 1 is provided, wherein the reconnaissance antenna 14 is a full-band omnidirectional antenna for radio signals, which can perform reconnaissance functions and provide early warning for drones operating at any frequency in the entire airspace. The direction-finding antenna 15 is a directional antenna, which can perform reconnaissance functions and can provide direction-finding for drones. The first strike antenna 11, the second strike antenna 12, and the third strike antenna 13 are directional antennas operating in a first frequency range (low frequency band), a second frequency range (medium frequency band), and a third frequency range (high frequency band), respectively, and radiate the interference signal generated by the strike circuit 3 toward the drone, respectively performing effective electromagnetic interference on drones operating in any frequency band, such as the low frequency band, the medium frequency band, and the frequency band, forcing the drone to return or make an emergency landing, thereby achieving the strike function against the drone. Thus, through the coordination of the reconnaissance antenna 14, the direction-finding antenna 15, the first strike antenna 11, the second strike antenna 12, and the third strike antenna 13, the antenna system can sequentially implement the following functions for drones: early warning (notifying the drone of its approach and its communication frequency) - direction-finding (notifying the drone of its direction) - strike (interfering with the drone's communications based on its communication frequency and direction information). This enables the antenna system to not only possess reconnaissance and strike functions, but also cover the full frequency band of radio signals. Furthermore, the direction-finding antenna 15 and the third strike antenna 13 are arranged coplanarly, and the first strike antenna 11, the second strike antenna 12, and the third strike antenna 13 are arranged parallel to each other at a preset spacing to form a square three-dimensional area. The reconnaissance antenna is arranged directly below this square three-dimensional area. This reduces the volume of the antenna system and achieves a compact size. When the antenna system is installed in an anti-drone system device, the anti-drone system device can achieve a compact size. This small size meets the portability and flexibility requirements of the anti-drone system device, making it more convenient and flexible to carry.

[0150] Based on the same concept, in one embodiment, Figure 28 As shown, the present invention provides an anti-UAV system device 100, which includes the antenna system 1, the reconnaissance circuit 2, and the strike circuit 3 described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the antenna system 1 is electrically connected to the reconnaissance circuit 2 and the strike circuit 3 respectively; wherein:

[0151] The antenna system 1 is used to detect the full-band radio signals of the UAV and send the UAV radio signals to the reconnaissance circuit 2, and is used to send the radio frequency interference signal generated by the strike circuit 3;

[0152] The reconnaissance circuit 2 is used to perform radio frequency and baseband processing on the radio signal of the drone, obtain the time-frequency characteristics of the radio signal of the drone, and determine the frequency of the drone radio signal;

[0153] The strike circuit 3 is used to generate a radio frequency interference signal with the same frequency as the radio signal of the drone according to the frequency of the radio signal of the drone, and feed the signal into the antenna system 1 for radiation.

[0154] In this embodiment, an anti-drone system device is provided, comprising an antenna system, a reconnaissance circuit, and a strike circuit. The antenna system is configured to detect drone radio signals across the entire frequency band and transmit the drone radio signals to the reconnaissance antenna, and to transmit radio frequency interference signals generated by the strike circuit. The reconnaissance circuit performs radio frequency and baseband processing on the drone radio signals to obtain the time-frequency characteristics of the drone radio signals and determine the drone radio signal frequency. The strike circuit generates a radio frequency interference signal at the same frequency as the drone radio signal based on the drone radio signal frequency, which is then fed into the antenna system and radiated out. The antenna system operates over the entire radio signal frequency band and includes a reconnaissance antenna, a direction-finding antenna, a first strike antenna, a second strike antenna, and a third strike antenna. The direction-finding antenna and the third strike antenna are coplanarly arranged, and the first, second, and third strike antennas are arranged parallel to each other at a predetermined spacing to form a square three-dimensional area. The reconnaissance antenna is positioned directly below the square three-dimensional area. This enables the antenna system to operate across the entire radio signal frequency band, enabling it to simultaneously cover the entire radio signal frequency band for both reconnaissance and strike functions. Functionally, it must be capable of long-range reconnaissance of drone communication signals for non-line-of-sight early warning, as well as direction finding of drone signals, ultimately guiding precise and efficient electromagnetic countermeasures against drones. Furthermore, through antenna selection and multi-antenna layout, the antenna system achieves a compact size. Once installed in anti-drone system equipment, the anti-drone system achieves a compact size, meeting the portability and flexibility requirements of anti-drone system equipment, making it more convenient and flexible to carry. This addresses the current issues with anti-drone system equipment, which cannot operate across the entire frequency band, cannot simultaneously cover the full radio signal frequency band for omnidirectional reconnaissance, direction finding, and full-band strike functions, and are bulky and unable to meet the portability and flexibility requirements of anti-drone system equipment.

[0155] In this embodiment, the antenna system 1 is consistent with the antenna system 1 described in any of the above embodiments. The specific structure and function can refer to the antenna system 1 described in any of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0156] In one embodiment, the reconnaissance circuit 2 is electrically connected to the antenna system 1 and is used to perform radio frequency and baseband processing on the drone radio signal to obtain the time-frequency characteristics of the drone radio signal and determine the frequency of the drone radio signal.

[0157] Specifically, the reconnaissance circuit 2 is electrically connected to the reconnaissance antenna 14 and the direction-finding antenna 15 of the antenna system 1 respectively. The reconnaissance antenna 14 receives the UAV radio signal and feeds it into the reconnaissance circuit 2 to complete the detection function. The direction-finding antenna 15 receives the UAV radio signal and feeds it into the reconnaissance circuit 2 to complete the direction-finding function.

[0158] like Figure 29 As shown, the reconnaissance circuit 2 includes: a radio receiver 21 and a digital signal processing module 22, the radio receiver 21 and the digital signal processing module 22 are electrically connected, wherein:

[0159] The radio receiver 21 is electrically connected to the reconnaissance antenna 14 and the direction-finding antenna 15 of the antenna system 1 , respectively, and is configured to receive radio signals of the UAV transmitted by the reconnaissance antenna 14 and the direction-finding antenna 15 .

[0160] The digital signal processing module 22 is used to perform radio frequency and baseband processing on the radio signal of the drone, obtain the time-frequency characteristics of the radio signal of the drone, and determine the frequency of the radio signal of the drone.

[0161] For example, the radio receiver 21 is a chip, such as the AD9361 chip of ADI; the digital signal processing module is a chip, such as an FPGA chip.

[0162] The strike circuit 3 is used to generate a radio frequency interference signal with the same frequency as the radio signal of the drone according to the frequency of the radio signal of the drone, and feed the signal into the antenna system 1 for radiation.

[0163] Specifically, the strike circuit 3 is electrically connected to the first strike antenna 11, the second strike antenna 12 and the third strike antenna 13 of the antenna system 1 respectively. The strike circuit 3 generates a radio frequency interference signal with the same frequency as the radio signal of the drone according to the radio signal frequency of the drone, and feeds it into one or more of the first strike antenna 11, the second strike antenna 12 and the third strike antenna 13 to radiate out, thereby completing the strike function.

[0164] like Figure 30 As shown, the striking circuit 3 includes an operational amplifier 31, a voltage-controlled oscillator 32, and a power amplifier 33, and the operational amplifier 31, the voltage-controlled oscillator 32, and the power amplifier 33 are electrically connected in sequence;

[0165] in:

[0166] The operational amplifier 31 is electrically connected to the voltage-controlled oscillator 32 for generating a voltage.

[0167] The voltage-controlled oscillator 32 and the power amplifier 33 are used to generate an interference signal corresponding to a voltage.

[0168] The power amplifier 33 is used to amplify the interference signal.

[0169] The present invention provides an anti-UAV system device 100, which can realize reconnaissance and strike functions, and can simultaneously cover the full frequency band of radio signals, and can simultaneously cover the full frequency band of radio signals, omnidirectional reconnaissance, direction finding and full frequency band strike functions.

[0170] When the anti-UAV system device 100 realizes the reconnaissance function, the UAV's radio signal is received by the reconnaissance antenna 14 and enters the reconnaissance circuit 2 for further radio frequency and baseband processing. Finally, the time-frequency characteristics of the UAV's radio signal are obtained. According to the time-frequency characteristics, the type of the UAV can be determined, and the UAV's radio signal frequency can be obtained, thereby completing the reconnaissance and early warning function.

[0171] When the anti-UAV system device 100 realizes the strike function, it first uses the reconnaissance antenna 14 and the reconnaissance circuit 2 of the antenna system to realize reconnaissance and early warning of the UAV.

[0172] If the drone is within the non-line-of-sight range, the direction-finding antenna 15 and reconnaissance circuit 2 are used to find the direction of the drone. The strike function is activated, and the strike circuit 3 generates a radio frequency interference signal with the same frequency as the drone's radio signal and amplifies its power. Depending on the frequency, the signal is fed to the corresponding strike antenna among the first strike antenna 11, the second strike antenna 12, and the third strike antenna 13 for radiation. The strike antenna is pointed in the direction of the drone, completing the strike function against drones within the non-line-of-sight range.

[0173] If the UAV is within the visual range, the strike circuit 3 is directly used to generate a radio frequency interference signal with the same frequency as the UAV's radio signal and amplify the power. According to the different frequencies, the signal is fed into the corresponding strike antennas among the first strike antenna 11, the second strike antenna 12 and the third strike antenna 13 and radiated out. By pointing the strike antennas at the UAV within the visual range, the strike function can be completed on the UAV within the visual range.

[0174] It should be noted that the above-mentioned anti-UAV system equipment embodiment and the antenna system embodiment belong to the same concept. The specific implementation process is detailed in the antenna system embodiment, and the technical features in the antenna system embodiment are correspondingly applicable in the anti-UAV system equipment embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0175] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0176] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above. For the sake of simplicity, they are not provided in detail. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or to make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna system, characterized in that: The operating frequency of the antenna system covers the entire frequency band of radio signals; the antenna system includes: a reconnaissance antenna, a direction-finding antenna, a first strike antenna, a second strike antenna and a third strike antenna; the direction-finding antenna and the third strike antenna are arranged coplanarly, and the first strike antenna, the second strike antenna and the third strike antenna are arranged in parallel at a preset interval to form a square three-dimensional area; the reconnaissance antenna is arranged directly below the square three-dimensional area, and includes a single-cone antenna, which includes a single-cone radiator, a metal floor, a reflector and a radio frequency line; the single-cone radiator is inverted below the metal floor and close to the end point of the metal floor; the reflector is located on one side of the single-cone radiator; the radio frequency line is located above the metal floor, and one end is connected to the top of the single-cone radiator.

2. The antenna system according to claim 1, wherein The reconnaissance antenna is an ultra-wideband omnidirectional non-planar antenna, and its operating frequency covers the entire frequency band of radio signals.

3. The antenna system according to claim 1, wherein The direction-finding antenna is a narrow-band directional planar PCB antenna, and its operating frequency covers the 2.4 GHz frequency band and the 5.8 GHz frequency band.

4. The antenna system according to claim 3, wherein: The direction-finding antenna includes a first Yagi antenna operating in the 2.4 GHz frequency band and a second Yagi antenna operating in the 5.8 GHz frequency band, wherein the second Yagi antenna is located between the first Yagi antenna and the third strike antenna.

5. The antenna system according to claim 4, wherein: The first Yagi antenna includes several first radiating dipole arms, a first active component and a first RF connector; the first active component is connected to one of the first radiating dipole arms, and the first RF connector is connected to the first active component; the second Yagi antenna includes several second radiating dipole arms, a second active component and a second RF connector, the second active component is connected to one of the second radiating dipole arms, and the second RF connector is connected to the second active component.

6. The antenna system according to claim 5, wherein: The length of the first radiation dipole arm is half the wavelength of the 2.4 GHz frequency band in the dielectric substrate and air mixture medium; the length of the second radiation dipole arm is half the wavelength of the 5.8 GHz frequency band in the dielectric substrate and air mixture medium.

7. The antenna system according to claim 1, wherein The third strike antenna is a broadband directional PCB antenna in a third frequency range.

8. The antenna system according to claim 7, wherein: The third strike antenna includes a first upper radiating ridge, a first lower radiating ridge, a second upper radiating ridge, a second lower radiating ridge, a first floor, a first microstrip feeder and a third RF connector; the first microstrip feeder is respectively connected to the first upper radiating ridge and the second upper radiating ridge; the first floor is the ground of the first microstrip feeder, and is respectively connected to the first lower radiating ridge and the second lower radiating ridge; the first upper radiating ridge and the first lower radiating ridge constitute a first gradient radiation slot structure, and the second upper radiating ridge and the second lower radiating ridge constitute a second gradient radiation slot structure.

9. The antenna system according to claim 1, wherein: The second strike antenna is a broadband directional PCB antenna in a second frequency range.

10. The antenna system according to claim 9, wherein The second strike antenna includes a third upper radiating ridge, a third lower radiating ridge, a fourth upper radiating ridge, a fourth lower radiating ridge, a second floor, a second microstrip feeder and a third RF connector; the second microstrip feeder is respectively connected to the third upper radiating ridge and the fourth upper radiating ridge; the second floor is the ground of the second microstrip feeder, and is respectively connected to the third lower radiating ridge and the fourth lower radiating ridge; the third upper radiating ridge and the third lower radiating ridge constitute a third gradient radiation slot structure, and the fourth upper radiating ridge and the fourth lower radiating ridge constitute a fourth gradient radiation slot structure.

11. The antenna system according to claim 9, wherein The second strike antenna further includes a first directing structure and a second directing structure, the first directing structure includes at least one first frequency gain module, and the second directing structure includes at least one first frequency gain module.

12. The antenna system according to claim 1, wherein The first strike antenna is a broadband directional PCB antenna in a first frequency range.

13. The antenna system according to claim 12, wherein: The first strike antenna includes a plurality of first radiating elements, a coaxial feed line and a feeding point; the radio frequency signal is fed into the coaxial feed line through the feeding point and feeds the plurality of first radiating elements along the direction of the coaxial feed line.

14. The antenna system according to claim 12, wherein: The first strike antenna further includes a third directing structure and a fourth directing structure. The third directing structure includes at least one third frequency gain module, and the fourth directing structure includes at least one fourth frequency gain module. 15.An anti-UAV system device, characterized in that: The anti-UAV system device comprises: a reconnaissance circuit, a strike circuit, and an antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the antenna system is electrically connected to the reconnaissance circuit and the strike circuit respectively; wherein: The antenna system is used to receive full-band radio signals from the drone, transmit the drone radio signals to the reconnaissance circuit, and transmit radio frequency interference signals generated by the strike circuit; The reconnaissance circuit is used to perform radio frequency and baseband processing on the radio signal of the drone, obtain the time-frequency characteristics of the radio signal of the drone, and determine the frequency of the radio signal of the drone; The strike circuit is used to generate a radio frequency interference signal with the same frequency as the radio signal of the drone according to the frequency of the radio signal of the drone, and feed the signal into the antenna system.

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