A luneberg lens antenna

Abstract

This application discloses a Luneburg lens antenna, relating to the field of communication equipment technology, to solve the problem of deviation between the actual signal radiation range and the preset signal radiation range of existing Luneburg lens antennas. The Luneburg lens antenna includes: an antenna cover; a lens body disposed within a receiving space and spaced apart from the inner wall of the antenna cover, the lens body comprising multiple dielectric tubes arranged sequentially from the inside out, with adjacent dielectric tubes spaced apart; and a feed source located within the receiving space and on one circumferential side of the lens body, the feed source radiating electromagnetic waves toward the lens body; wherein the multiple dielectric tubes include an outer dielectric tube and multiple inner dielectric tubes, the multiple inner dielectric tubes being disposed within the outer dielectric tube, and at least one inner dielectric tube having its central axis located on the side of the outer dielectric tube facing the feed source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic devices, and more particularly to a Luneburg lens antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of user service demand for bandwidth resources in mobile communications and the decrease in mobile communication tariffs and data traffic prices, mobile terminal network traffic services are growing rapidly. Currently, service types such as online live streaming, short videos, and high-definition video services are experiencing explosive growth in their demand for network bandwidth and capacity. The demand for network capacity is becoming increasingly apparent. In scenarios with large call volumes, the requirements for antennas in different scenarios are becoming increasingly stringent. For example, in sudden high call volume scenarios (such as stadiums, concert venues, emergency communication command vehicles, and high-speed rail and subway waiting halls), it is necessary to temporarily increase the network capacity of the scenario to meet the data service network communication needs of temporarily high-density areas.

[0003] To address the above requirements, Luneburg lens antennas are generally used. However, in existing technologies, the actual signal radiation range and signal strength of Luneburg lens antennas deviate from the preset signal radiation range and signal strength. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a Luneburg lens antenna to solve the problem that the actual signal radiation range and signal strength of the Luneburg lens antenna deviate from the preset signal radiation range and signal strength in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] This application provides a Luneburg lens antenna, comprising: an antenna radome, the antenna radome being formed as a hollow cylinder, the interior of the antenna radome forming a receiving space; a lens body, the lens body being disposed within the receiving space and spaced apart from the inner wall of the antenna radome, the lens body comprising a plurality of dielectric tubes, the extension direction of the central axis of the dielectric tubes being parallel to the extension direction of the central axis of the antenna radome, the plurality of dielectric tubes being sequentially nested from the inside out, and adjacent dielectric tubes being spaced apart; and a feed source, the feed source being located within the receiving space and on one circumferential side of the lens body, the feed source being used to radiate electromagnetic waves toward the lens body; wherein, the plurality of dielectric tubes includes an outer dielectric tube and a plurality of inner dielectric tubes, the plurality of inner dielectric tubes being disposed within the outer dielectric tube, and at least one inner dielectric tube having its central axis located on the side of the central axis of the outer dielectric tube toward the feed source.

[0007] This application provides a Luneburg lens antenna in which the feed source is disposed inside the radome. The signal transmitted by the feed source passes sequentially through the side of the lens body near the feed source, the side of the lens body away from the feed source, and the radome. By locating the central axis of at least one internal dielectric tube on the side of the external dielectric tube facing the feed source, the dielectric constant of the side of the lens body near the feed source is greater than that of the side of the lens body away from the feed source. Thus, the dielectric constant of the side of the lens body near the feed source is balanced with the combined dielectric constant of the side of the lens body away from the feed source and the side of the radome away from the feed source. The Luneburg lens antenna achieves the effect of an equivalent Luneburg lens, and the actual signal radiation range and signal strength of the Luneburg lens antenna are consistent with the preset signal radiation range and signal strength.

[0008] In some embodiments, the main radiation direction of the feed source is aligned with the central axis of the external dielectric tube.

[0009] In some embodiments, a gap is formed between two adjacent medium tubes, and air or nitrogen is provided in the gap.

[0010] In some embodiments, the lens body includes an outer equivalent medium, a middle equivalent medium, and an inner equivalent medium, which are sequentially nested from the outside to the inside. The dielectric constant of the middle equivalent medium is greater than that of the outer equivalent medium and less than that of the inner equivalent medium. The outer equivalent medium includes multiple dielectric tubes, with the central axis of at least one of the outer equivalent medium located on the feed-side of the central axis of the outer dielectric tube. Alternatively, the middle equivalent medium includes multiple dielectric tubes, with the central axis of at least one of the middle equivalent medium located on the feed-side of the central axis of the outer dielectric tube. And / or, the inner equivalent medium includes multiple dielectric tubes, with the central axis of at least one of the inner equivalent medium located on the feed-side of the central axis of the outer dielectric tube.

[0011] In some embodiments, the radome includes a radome body, and at least one end of the radome is formed as an open opening in the direction of the central axis of the radome, and an end cap is provided at the open opening, the end cap being detachably connected to the radome body.

[0012] In some embodiments, the end cap includes a first surface, which faces the receiving space when the end cap is closed and the opening is closed; the first surface is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves, which are correspondingly provided with a plurality of medium tubes, and the ends of the medium tubes are adapted to be inserted into their corresponding limiting grooves.

[0013] In some embodiments, an adhesive layer is provided on the inner wall of the limiting groove, which is used to bond the medium tube to the corresponding limiting groove.

[0014] In some embodiments, the Luneburg lens antenna further includes a support member connected between two adjacent dielectric tubes.

[0015] In some embodiments, the dielectric constant of the dielectric tube is greater than or equal to 2.

[0016] In some embodiments, the medium tube includes at least one of a fiberglass pipe and a polyvinyl chloride pipe. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the technical solutions of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain the technical solutions of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the Luneburg lens.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a Luneburg lens antenna in the prior art;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a Luneburg lens antenna provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the lens body shown;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 The radiation pattern of the feed source shown in the figure;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A partial schematic diagram of the lens body shown;

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the lens body shown;

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another angle of the Luneburg lens antenna shown;

[0026] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The exploded view of a Luneburg lens antenna shown.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 100. Luneburg lens antenna; 110. Radome; 111. Accommodation space; 112. Radome body; 113. Opening; 114. End cap; 1141. First end cap; 1142. Second end cap; 1143. First surface; 1144. Limiting groove; 120. Lens body; 121. Dielectric tube; 122. Outer dielectric tube; 123. Inner dielectric tube; 124. Gap; 125. First dielectric tube; 126. Second dielectric tube; 127. Outer equivalent dielectric; 128. Middle equivalent dielectric; 129. Inner equivalent dielectric; 130. Feed source; 131. Feed source element; 132. Reflector; 133. Main lobe; 134. Side lobe; 140. Support; 141. First connection end; 142. Second connection end. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0031] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, when describing pipelines, the terms "connected" and "linked" as used in this application have the meaning of establishing electrical connection. The specific meaning needs to be understood in conjunction with the context.

[0033] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0034] With the development of user service demand for bandwidth resources in mobile communications and the decrease in mobile communication tariffs and data traffic prices, mobile terminal network traffic services are growing rapidly. Currently, service types such as online live streaming, short videos, and high-definition video services are experiencing explosive growth in their demand for network bandwidth and capacity. The demand for network capacity is becoming increasingly apparent. In scenarios with large call volumes, the requirements for antennas in different scenarios are becoming increasingly stringent. For example, in sudden high call volume scenarios (such as stadiums, concert venues, emergency communication command vehicles, and high-speed rail and subway waiting halls), it is necessary to temporarily increase the network capacity of the scenario to meet the data service network communication needs of temporarily high-density areas.

[0035] To address the above requirements, a Luneburg lens antenna is generally used. A Luneburg lens is a spherically symmetric dielectric delay lens that focuses incident plane waves to a focal point at the diameter of a sphere. Its dielectric constant varies with the radius of the sphere as follows: Where r is the radial distance from the center of the sphere, and R is the radius to be calculated.

[0036] In actual manufacturing, it is impossible to achieve an ideal sphere with a gradually changing dielectric constant. Therefore, existing technologies typically employ a layered approach, as described above. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the Luneburg lens principle. Figure 1 The sphere shown is composed of three layers, with each layer having the same dielectric constant. The dielectric constant decreases from the inside out within the range of 1-2. Compared to an ideal Luneburg lens sphere, the layered sphere is significantly easier to realize.

[0037] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a Luneburg lens antenna in the prior art. The Luneburg lens antenna 100 includes: an antenna cover 110, a feed 130, and a lens body 120.

[0038] The radome 110 has an internal accommodating space 111, in which the feed 130 and the lens body 120 are located. Specifically, the radome 110 is formed as a hollow cylinder, and the internal accommodating space 111 is formed inside the radome 110. The lens body 120 is disposed in the accommodating space 111, and the lens body 120 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the radome 110. The lens body 120 adopts a layered approach to be equivalent to a Luneburg lens, with multiple layers of dielectric materials arranged concentrically.

[0039] The feed 130 is located within the accommodating space 111 and is situated on one circumferential side of the lens body 120. The feed 130 radiates electromagnetic wave signals toward the lens body 120. It includes a feed element 131 and a reflector 132, and is a crucial component determining the antenna's electrical characteristics and frequency band. The feed 130 radiates the radio frequency power from the feed element 131 as electromagnetic waves toward the reflector 132, creating a suitable field distribution across the aperture to form the desired sharp or shaped beam. The feed 130 possesses advantages such as good radiation pattern symmetry, low sidelobes, and a wide bandwidth. The electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the feed 130 first passes through the lens body 120 and then through the radome 110.

[0040] In this process, after the electromagnetic wave signal passes through the lens body 120, the electromagnetic wave signal is converged, and the signal bandwidth reaches the preset bandwidth. Then, the electromagnetic wave signal after passing through the lens body 120 needs to pass through the radome 110 to propagate to the outside of the Luneburg lens antenna 100. Since the radome 110 is also a propagation medium with a dielectric constant of not 1, the electromagnetic wave signal will change after passing through the radome 110, causing a deviation in the bandwidth of the electromagnetic wave radiated to the outside of the Luneburg lens antenna 100. This results in a deviation between the actual signal radiation range and signal strength of the Luneburg lens antenna 100 and the preset signal radiation range and signal strength, affecting the user's experience.

[0041] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a Luneburg lens antenna 100, please refer to... Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a Luneburg lens antenna 100 provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the lens body 120 shown.

[0042] The lens body 120 includes multiple dielectric tubes 121. The extension direction of the central axis of the dielectric tube 121 is parallel to the extension direction of the central axis of the radome 110. The multiple dielectric tubes 121 are sequentially nested from the inside to the outside, and adjacent dielectric tubes 121 are spaced apart. It should be noted that the extension direction of the central axis of the dielectric tube 121 being parallel to the extension direction of the central axis of the radome 110 means that when the dielectric tube 121 is placed in the receiving space 111, the length direction of the dielectric tube 121 is consistent with the length direction of the radome 110.

[0043] The plurality of medium tubes 121 include an outer medium tube 122 and a plurality of inner medium tubes 123. The plurality of inner medium tubes 123 are disposed inside the outer medium tube 122, and the central axis of at least one inner medium tube 123 is located on the side of the central axis of the outer medium tube 122 facing the feed source 130.

[0044] In this way, the feed 130 is disposed inside the radome 110. The signal transmitted by the feed 130 passes sequentially through the side of the lens body 120 near the feed 130, the side of the lens body 120 away from the feed 130, and the radome 110. By placing the central axis of at least one internal dielectric tube 123 on the side of the central axis of the external dielectric tube 122 facing the feed 130, the dielectric constant of the side of the lens body 120 near the feed 130 is greater than the dielectric constant of the side of the lens body 120 away from the feed 130. Thus, the dielectric constant of the side of the lens body 120 near the feed 130 is balanced with the dielectric constant of the side of the lens body 120 away from the feed 130 and the combined dielectric constant of the radome 110. The Luneburg lens antenna 100 achieves the effect of an equivalent Luneburg lens, and thus the actual signal radiation range and signal strength of the Luneburg lens antenna 100 are consistent with the preset signal radiation range and signal strength.

[0045] Specifically, when there are three internal medium tubes 123, depending on the actual needs, the central axis of one internal medium tube 123 can be set on the side of the central axis of the external medium tube 122 facing the feed source 130; or the central axes of two internal medium tubes 123 can be set on the side of the central axis of the external medium tube 122 facing the feed source 130.

[0046] When there are five internal medium tubes 123, depending on the actual needs, the central axis of one internal medium tube 123 can be set on the side of the central axis of the external medium tube 122 facing the feed source 130; the central axes of two internal medium tubes 123 can be set on the side of the central axis of the external medium tube 122 facing the feed source 130; the central axes of three internal medium tubes 123 can be set on the side of the central axis of the external medium tube 122 facing the feed source 130; or the central axes of four internal medium tubes 123 can be set on the side of the central axis of the external medium tube 122 facing the feed source 130.

[0047] In some embodiments, the main radiation direction of the feed source 130 is aligned with the central axis of the external dielectric tube 122; it should be noted that, referring to... Figures 3 to 5 , Figure 5 for Figure 3The radiation pattern of the feed 130 shown is illustrated. As can be seen from the figure, the electromagnetic waves emitted by the feed 130 include a main lobe 133 and side lobes 134. The main lobe 133 corresponds to the highest power, while the beams other than the main lobe 133 are called side lobes 134. The main radiation direction refers to the direction of the theoretical central axis a of the main lobe 133 (the direction of the theoretical central axis a refers to the radiation direction with the highest energy). The main lobe 133 has the strongest electromagnetic wave signal, the widest bandwidth, and the highest energy. Therefore, when the electromagnetic wave signal requirements in the radiation region are extremely high, requiring high-energy and high-bandwidth electromagnetic wave signals, aligning the main radiation direction of the feed 130 with the central axis of the external dielectric tube 122 can further concentrate the signal radiated by the main lobe 133, achieving the optimal electromagnetic wave signal requirements.

[0048] In other embodiments, when the signal strength of the main lobe 133 in the radiation pattern is too high and will interfere with other signals in the target radiation area, the central axis of the side lobe 134 in the radiation pattern can be aligned with the central axis of the external medium tube 122, thereby avoiding signal interference while satisfying the signal enhancement requirement.

[0049] In some embodiments, the dielectric constant of the dielectric tube 121 is greater than or equal to 2. Specifically, a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tube with a dielectric constant of 3.2 can be selected, or a fiberglass tube with a dielectric constant of 4.4 can be selected. It is understood that the radome 110 can also be made of PVC or fiberglass. PVC and fiberglass are inexpensive and readily available, which helps reduce the production cost of the Luneburg lens antenna 100.

[0050] In some embodiments, a gap 124 is formed between two adjacent dielectric tubes 121, and the gap 124 is filled with a dielectric material. Specifically, the gap 124 can be filled with either air or nitrogen. Air has a dielectric constant of 1 and is the cheapest and most readily available medium, which helps control the cost of the Luneburg lens antenna 100. Nitrogen has a dielectric constant of 1.00058 and is chemically stable. Specifically, the receiving space 111 of the antenna radome 110 can be filled with air or nitrogen, and then the lens body 120, composed of multiple dielectric tubes 121, can be placed into the receiving space 111, thus filling the gap 124 with air or nitrogen.

[0051] For example, in the specific implementation process, the dielectric tube 121 is made of fiberglass, and the gap 124 is filled with air. The dielectric constant of the fiberglass tube is 4.4, and the dielectric constant of the air medium is 1. It can be understood that by controlling the thickness of the dielectric tube 121 and the distance between adjacent dielectric tubes 121, the combined equivalent dielectric constant of the dielectric tubes 121 and the gap 124 can be adjusted to a range greater than 1 and less than 4.4. The dielectric constant of the Luneburg lens decreases from the inside to the outside within the range of 1-2. Furthermore, by controlling the thickness of the dielectric tube 121 and the distance between adjacent dielectric tubes 121, the combined equivalent dielectric constant of the dielectric tubes 121 and the gap 124 can be adjusted to a range greater than 1 and less than 2. In this way, the effect of an equivalent Luneburg lens is achieved with relatively low manufacturing difficulty.

[0052] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 for Figure 4 The image shows a partial schematic diagram of the lens body 120. The lens body 120 includes an outer equivalent medium 127, a middle equivalent medium 128, and an inner equivalent medium 129, which are sequentially nested from the inside out. The outer equivalent medium 127 may include multiple dielectric tubes 121, the middle equivalent medium 128 may include multiple dielectric tubes 121, and the inner dielectric tubes 121 may include multiple dielectric tubes 121.

[0053] In particular, depending on the actual application scenario of the Luneburg lens antenna 100, the central axis of at least one dielectric tube 121 in the outer equivalent dielectric 127 can be located on the side of the central axis of the outer dielectric tube 122 facing the feed source 130.

[0054] Alternatively, the central axis of at least one medium tube 121 in the middle layer equivalent medium 128 can be located on the side of the central axis of the outer medium tube 122 facing the feed source 130.

[0055] Alternatively, the central axis of at least one medium tube 121 in the inner equivalent medium 129 can be located on the side of the central axis of the outer medium tube 122 facing the feed source 130.

[0056] It is understandable that the central axis of at least one dielectric tube 121 in the outer equivalent dielectric 127 can be simultaneously located on the side of the central axis of the outer dielectric tube 122 facing the feed source 130; the central axis of at least one dielectric tube 121 in the middle equivalent dielectric 128 can be located on the side of the central axis of the outer dielectric tube 122 facing the feed source 130; and the central axis of at least one dielectric tube 121 in the inner equivalent dielectric 129 can be located on the side of the central axis of the outer dielectric tube 122 facing the feed source 130. This balances the dielectric constant of the lens body 120 near the feed source 130 with the combined dielectric constant of the lens body 120 away from the feed source 130 and the radome 110 away from the feed source 130, thus enabling the Luneburg lens antenna 100 to achieve the effect of an equivalent Luneburg lens.

[0057] In one specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 The lens body 120 is composed of an outer equivalent medium 127, a middle equivalent medium 128, and an inner equivalent medium 129. The outer equivalent medium 127 includes two dielectric tubes 121; the middle equivalent medium 128 includes nine dielectric tubes 121, wherein the two dielectric tubes 121 in the middle equivalent medium 128 (e.g., Figure 6 The central axes of the dielectric tubes 121a and 121b shown are located on the side of the central axis of the outer dielectric tube 122 facing the feed source 130; the inner equivalent dielectric 129 includes four dielectric tubes 121, wherein two of the dielectric tubes 121 in the inner equivalent dielectric 129 (e.g., Figure 6 The central axes of dielectric tubes 121c and 121d shown are located on the side of the central axis of the outer dielectric tube 122 facing the feed source 130. Thus, by adjusting the positions of the four dielectric tubes 121 in the lens body 120, the dielectric constant of the side of the lens body 120 near the feed source 130 is balanced with the combined dielectric constant of the side of the lens body 120 away from the feed source 130 and the side of the radome 110 away from the feed source 130, thereby achieving the equivalent effect of a Luneburg lens antenna 100.

[0058] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 for Figure 4 The image shows a partial enlarged view of the lens body 120. The Luneburg lens antenna 100 also includes a support 140 connected between two adjacent dielectric tubes 121. This fixes the position between the two dielectric tubes 121, ensuring the stability of the dielectric constant of the lens body 120 at different positions during use.

[0059] Specifically, the two adjacent medium tubes 121 include a first medium tube 125 on the outer side and a second medium tube 126 on the inner side. The support member 140 includes a first connecting end 141 near the first medium tube 125 and a second connecting end 142 near the second medium tube 126. The first connecting end 141 is connected to the first medium tube 125, and the second connecting end 142 is connected to the second medium tube 126. Thus, the support member 140 is connected between the first medium tube 125 and the second medium tube 126.

[0060] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , Figure 8 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the Luneburg lens antenna 100 described in the document from another angle; Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shows a partial exploded view of the Luneburg lens antenna 100. The radome 110 may include a radome body 112. At least one end of the radome body 112 is formed as an open opening 113 along the direction of the central axis of the radome 110. An end cap 114 is provided at the open opening 113, and the end cap 114 is detachably connected to the radome body 112. Thus, during the assembly of the Luneburg lens antenna 100, it is only necessary to place the lens body 120 and the feed 130 into the receiving space 111 inside the radome 110 through the open opening 113, and then seal the open opening 113 with the end cap 114.

[0061] Specifically, refer to Figure 9 Along the central axis of the radome 110, both ends of the radome body 112 are formed as open openings 113, namely a first open opening and a second open opening. A first end cap 1141 is provided at the first open opening, and a second end cap 1142 is provided at the second open opening.

[0062] In some embodiments, the end cap 114 is provided with a first snap-fit ​​portion, and the open opening 113 of the radome body 112 is provided with a second snap-fit ​​portion that cooperates with the first snap-fit ​​portion. In this way, the detachable connection between the end cap 114 and the radome body 112 is achieved through the cooperation of the first snap-fit ​​portion and the second snap-fit ​​portion.

[0063] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 9The end cap 114 includes a first surface 1143, which faces the receiving space 111 when the end cap 114 closes the open opening 113. The first surface 1143 has multiple limiting grooves 1144, which correspond to multiple dielectric tubes 121. The ends of the dielectric tubes 121 are adapted to engage with their corresponding limiting grooves 1144. Thus, through the cooperating dielectric tubes 121 and the limiting grooves 1144, the dielectric tubes 121 are fixed within the receiving space 111, ensuring that the dielectric constant of the lens body 120 remains constant at different positions during use.

[0064] In some embodiments, an adhesive layer is provided on the inner wall of the limiting groove 1144, which is used to bond the medium tube 121 to the corresponding limiting groove 1144.

[0065] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A Luneburg lens antenna, characterized by include: The radome is formed as a hollow cylinder, and the interior of the radome forms an accommodating space. The lens body is disposed within the accommodating space and spaced apart from the inner wall of the radome. The lens body includes multiple dielectric tubes, the extension direction of the central axis of the dielectric tubes is parallel to the extension direction of the central axis of the radome, and the multiple dielectric tubes are sequentially nested from the inside to the outside, with adjacent dielectric tubes spaced apart. A feed source is located within the receiving space and on one circumferential side of the lens body, and the feed source is used to radiate electromagnetic waves toward the lens body; The plurality of media tubes include an outer media tube and a plurality of inner media tubes, wherein the plurality of inner media tubes are disposed inside the outer media tube, and the central axis of at least one inner media tube is located on the side of the central axis of the outer media tube facing the feed source. The lens body includes an outer equivalent medium, a middle equivalent medium, and an inner equivalent medium, which are sequentially nested from the outside to the inside. The dielectric constant of the middle equivalent medium is greater than that of the outer equivalent medium and less than that of the inner equivalent medium. The outer equivalent medium comprises a plurality of dielectric tubes, wherein the central axis of at least one of the dielectric tubes in the outer equivalent medium is located on the side of the central axis of the outer dielectric tube facing the feed source. The intermediate equivalent medium includes a plurality of dielectric tubes, wherein the central axis of at least one of the intermediate equivalent medium tubes is located on the side of the central axis of the outer dielectric tube facing the feed source. The inner equivalent medium includes a plurality of the medium tubes, and the central axis of at least one of the inner equivalent medium tubes is located on the side of the central axis of the outer medium tube facing the feed source.

2. The Luneburg lens antenna of claim 1, wherein, The main radiation direction of the feed source is aligned with the central axis of the external medium tube.

3. The Luneburg lens antenna of claim 1, wherein, A gap is formed between two adjacent medium tubes, and air or nitrogen is provided in the gap.

4. The Luneburg lens antenna of claim 1, wherein, The radome includes a radome body. At least one end of the radome is formed as an open opening in the direction of the central axis of the radome. An end cap is provided at the open opening, and the end cap is detachably connected to the radome body.

5. The Luneburg lens antenna of claim 4, wherein, The end cap includes a first surface that faces the receiving space when the end cap covers the opening; The first surface is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves, which are correspondingly arranged with a plurality of medium tubes, and the ends of the medium tubes are adapted to be inserted into the corresponding limiting grooves.

6. The Luneburg lens antenna of claim 5, wherein, An adhesive layer is provided on the inner wall of the limiting groove, which is used to bond the medium tube to the corresponding limiting groove.

7. The Luneburg lens antenna of claim 1, wherein, Also includes: A support member is provided, which is connected between two adjacent media tubes.

8. The Luneburg lens antenna of claim 1, wherein, The dielectric constant of the dielectric tube is greater than or equal to 2.

9. The Luneburg lens antenna of claim 1, wherein, The medium tube includes at least one of fiberglass pipe and polyvinyl chloride pipe.

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