A 6.4 GHz power-adjustable pulse output solid-state microwave source and microwave output method

Abstract

A 6.4GHz power-adjustable pulse output solid-state microwave source and a microwave output method relate to the field of ground simulation of space environment. The local oscillator in the microwave phase-locked power source module is emitted, passes through a switch, and is divided into 144 signals by a power divider, and enters the branch drive-level power amplifier module. The signal passes through an adjustable attenuator, a first-level power amplifier, and a second-level power amplifier and enters a coupler. The signal first enters a 9-in-1 radial combiner for merging, then enters an 8-in-1 radial combiner for merging, and finally enters a 2-in-1 radial combiner for merging and output. The 9-in-1 radial combiner, the 8-in-1 radial combiner, and the 2-in-1 radial combiner are connected to a peripheral circuit 15. The present invention meets the current demand for a microwave source with high operating frequency, high output power, adjustable power, low cost, reliable operation, low failure rate, and good maintainability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ground simulation of space environment. Background Art

[0002] The Space Plasma Environment Simulation and Research System is a key component of the "Space Environment Ground Simulation Facility," a major scientific and technological infrastructure. Because radiation belt plasmas contain many high-energy electrons, with a typical high-energy tail electron distribution, these high-energy components are crucial for auroral phenomena and the interactions between the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and upper atmosphere. Therefore, a plasma source that can easily heat these electrons is required. Electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma sources are a good choice because they can easily accelerate electrons to tens of keV.

[0003] At the same time, the demand for higher density plasmas continues to exist. Plasma wave heating theory shows that increasing the operating frequency of the input microwaves can effectively increase the plasma density. Therefore, there is an urgent need for high-frequency, high-power microwave sources in experiments. Currently, the microwave source that meets this need is the klystron. While it offers adjustable frequency and power, and boasts high output power, it is costly, complex, and has limited efficiency. It is generally used in military applications such as radar. For example, the klystron described in the article "30kW High-Average Power High-Order Mode Multi-Injection Klystron in the XC Band" by the China Electronics Technology Group Corporation (CETC) 12th Institute has a complex structure, a cathode temperature as high as 1050°C, requires multiple specialized materials, and is costly, achieving only an efficiency of greater than 25%. The klystron described in the article "Development Status of High-Power Klystrons for Large Scientific Facilities" by the Institute of Space Science and Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences achieves a maximum efficiency of greater than 68%, but its frequency is limited to 1.3 GHz and its structure is relatively complex. The klystron described in the article "High-Power Klystrons for Electron-Positron Colliders" in Beijing has an output power of 51.2 MW, but a conversion efficiency of only 41.6%, requiring multiple materials and resulting in high cost.

[0004] Therefore, how to design a microwave source with high operating frequency, large output power, adjustable power, low cost, reliable operation, low failure rate and good maintainability is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to meet the current demand for a microwave source with high operating frequency, high output power, adjustable power, low cost, reliable operation, low failure rate and good maintainability, and provides a 6.4GHz power-adjustable pulse output solid-state microwave source and a microwave output method.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0007] A power-adjustable, high-efficiency, high-power pulse output solid-state microwave source with an operating frequency of 6.4 GHz.

[0008] The solid-state microwave source is composed of a microwave phase-locked power source module (12), a branch drive-level power amplifier module (13), a coupler (14) and a peripheral circuit (15);

[0009] The microwave phase-locked power source module (12) comprises:

[0010] A local oscillator (1) for emitting a signal and sending the signal to a switch (2);

[0011] A switch (2) is used to receive a signal from the local oscillator (1) and send the signal to a power divider (3);

[0012] A power divider (3) is used to receive the signal sent by the switch (2) and send the signal to the branch driving stage power amplifier module (13);

[0013] The branch driver-level power amplifier module (13) comprises:

[0014] an adjustable attenuator (4), configured to receive the signal sent by the power divider (3) and send the signal to a first-stage power amplifier (5);

[0015] A first-stage power amplifier (5) is used to receive the signal sent by the adjustable attenuator (4), amplify the received signal and then send the signal to a second-stage power amplifier (6);

[0016] A secondary power amplifier (6) is used to receive the signal amplified by the primary power amplifier (5), perform secondary amplification on the received signal, and then send the signal to the coupler (14);

[0017] The coupler (14) comprises:

[0018] A 9-in-1 radial combiner (7) is used to receive the secondary amplified signal sent by the secondary power amplifier (6), combine the signal once, and send the combined signal to the 8-in-1 radial combiner (8);

[0019] an 8-in-1 radial combiner (8) for receiving the primary combined signal sent by the 9-in-1 radial combiner (7), performing secondary combination on the signal, and sending the secondary combined signal to the 2-in-1 radial combiner (9) after combination;

[0020] a 2-in-1 radial combiner (9) for receiving the secondary combined signal sent by the 8-in-1 radial combiner (8), combining the signal three times, and using the three-combined signal as the output signal of the solid-state microwave source after merging;

[0021] The peripheral circuit (15) includes: FPGA or single chip microcomputer, which is used for protection, control, detection and power supply.

[0022] Preferably, the peripheral circuit (15) includes:

[0023] The protection module (151) is used for protection, that is, when the detection module (152) detects that the temperature of the branch driving stage power amplifier module (13) is too high or the solid-state microwave source has a spark phenomenon, the switch (2) is disconnected and the solid-state microwave source stops outputting;

[0024] A control module (153) is used to control the adjustable attenuator (4) and thus control the input power, and is also used to control the switch (2) and thus control whether the microwave phase-locked power source module (12) is working, and is also used to control whether the microwave phase-locked power source module (12), the branch drive stage power amplifier module (13), and the coupler (14) are working;

[0025] The detection module (152) is used for detection, namely, for detecting the output of the first-stage power amplifier (5) and the second-stage power amplifier (6) and the incident reflected power of one path.

[0026] Preferably, the branch driver stage power amplifier module (13) further comprises water cooling (10), wherein the water cooling (10) is used to cool down various components in the branch driver stage power amplifier module (13).

[0027] Preferably, the solid-state microwave source further comprises a power supply module for supplying power, namely, supplying power to the microwave phase-locked power source module (12), the branch drive stage power amplifier module (13), the coupler (14), and the peripheral circuit (15).

[0028] A method for outputting solid-state microwaves from a power-adjustable, high-efficiency, high-power pulse output solid-state microwave source with an operating frequency of 6.4 GHz, the method comprising:

[0029] A method for generating a signal and sending the signal to a switch (2);

[0030] A method for receiving a signal from a local oscillator (1) and sending the signal to a power divider (3);

[0031] A method for receiving a signal sent by a switch (2) and sending the signal to a branch driver-level power amplifier module (13);

[0032] A method for receiving a signal sent by the power splitter (3) and sending the signal to a first-stage power amplifier (5);

[0033] A method for receiving a signal sent by an adjustable attenuator (4), performing a first-stage amplification on the received signal, and then sending the signal to a second-stage power amplifier (6);

[0034] A method for receiving a signal amplified by a primary power amplifier (5), performing secondary amplification on the received signal, and then sending the signal to a coupler (14);

[0035] A method for receiving the secondary amplified signal sent by the secondary power amplifier (6), combining the signal once, and sending the combined signal to an 8-in-1 radial combiner (8);

[0036] A method for receiving a once-combined signal sent by the 9-in-1 radial combiner (7), performing a second combination on the signal, and sending the second-combined signal to the 2-in-1 radial combiner (9) after the combination;

[0037] A method for receiving a secondary combined signal sent by the 8-in-1 radial combiner (8), combining it tertiarily, and using the tertiary combined signal as the output signal of the solid-state microwave source after merging;

[0038] Methods used for protection, control, detection and power supply.

[0039] Preferably, the methods for protection, control and detection include:

[0040] Protection method: when the detection module (152) detects that the temperature of the branch driving stage power amplifier module (13) is too high or the solid-state microwave source has a sparking phenomenon, the switch (2) is disconnected and the output of the solid-state microwave source is stopped;

[0041] Control method: controlling the adjustable attenuator (4) to control the input power, controlling the switch (2) to control whether the microwave phase-locked power source module (12) is working, and controlling whether the microwave phase-locked power source module (12), the branch drive stage power amplifier module (13), and the coupler (14) are working;

[0042] A method for detecting the output of a primary power amplifier (5) and a secondary power amplifier (6) and the incident reflected power of one path thereof.

[0043] Beneficial effect: The present invention relates to a power-adjustable, high-efficiency, high-power pulse output solid-state microwave source with an operating frequency of 6.4 GHz, which is applied to a space plasma environment simulation device.

[0044] The present invention is based on the development of LDMOS technology and is designed and manufactured to produce a solid-state microwave source with a high operating frequency and high output power. The space plasma environment simulation device uses a 6.4GHz power-adjustable pulse output solid-state microwave source described in the present invention. Its operating frequency is higher than that of a klystron tube with an operating frequency of 2.45GHz, and its maximum output power is 10kW, significantly higher than solid-state sources on the market. The main structure is a multi-channel multi-stage power amplifier, which has a significant cost advantage over the klystron tube and is also more efficient. At the same time, it has many advantages, such as stable and reliable performance, high frequency stability, convenient output power adjustment, long device life, lower full life cycle cost, low operating voltage, and no need for preheating. Its modular design also makes maintenance more convenient, and the use of a control panel simplifies the difficulty of operation, and it has broad application prospects.

[0045] The present invention meets the current demand for a microwave source with high operating frequency, large output power, adjustable power, low cost, reliable operation, extremely low failure rate and good maintainability, and the present invention can be used to generate higher density plasma. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Detailed schematic diagram of the coupler.

[0048] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the working process;

[0049] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the peripheral circuit and other circuit parts;

[0050] Figure numerals: 1. local oscillator; 2. switch; 3. power divider; 4. adjustable attenuator; 5. first-stage power amplifier; 6. second-stage power amplifier; 7. 9-in-1 radial combiner; 8. 8-in-1 radial combiner; 9. 2-in-1 radial combiner; 10. water cooling; 11. branch power supply module; 12. microwave phase-locked power source module; 13. branch driver-stage power amplifier module; 14 coupler; 15. peripheral circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] Specific implementation method I. Reference Figures 1 to 4 Specifically describing this embodiment, a 6.4 GHz power adjustable pulse output solid-state microwave source is described in this embodiment.

[0052] The solid-state microwave source is composed of a microwave phase-locked power source module (12), a branch drive-level power amplifier module (13), a coupler (14) and a peripheral circuit (15);

[0053] The microwave phase-locked power source module (12) comprises:

[0054] A local oscillator (1) for emitting a signal and sending the signal to a switch (2);

[0055] A switch (2) is used to receive a signal from the local oscillator (1) and send the signal to a power divider (3);

[0056] A power divider (3) is used to receive the signal sent by the switch (2) and send the signal to the branch driving stage power amplifier module (13);

[0057] The branch driver-level power amplifier module (13) comprises:

[0058] an adjustable attenuator (4), configured to receive the signal sent by the power divider (3) and send the signal to a first-stage power amplifier (5);

[0059] A first-stage power amplifier (5) is used to receive the signal sent by the adjustable attenuator (4), amplify the received signal and then send the signal to a second-stage power amplifier (6);

[0060] A secondary power amplifier (6) is used to receive the signal amplified by the primary power amplifier (5), perform secondary amplification on the received signal, and then send the signal to the coupler (14);

[0061] The coupler (14) comprises:

[0062] A 9-in-1 radial combiner (7) is used to receive the secondary amplified signal sent by the secondary power amplifier (6), combine the signal once, and send the combined signal to the 8-in-1 radial combiner (8);

[0063] an 8-in-1 radial combiner (8) for receiving the primary combined signal sent by the 9-in-1 radial combiner (7), performing secondary combination on the signal, and sending the secondary combined signal to the 2-in-1 radial combiner (9) after combination;

[0064] a 2-in-1 radial combiner (9) for receiving the secondary combined signal sent by the 8-in-1 radial combiner (8), combining the signal three times, and using the three-combined signal as the output signal of the solid-state microwave source after merging;

[0065] The peripheral circuit (15) includes: FPGA or single chip microcomputer, which is used for protection, control, detection and power supply.

[0066] Specific embodiment 2: This embodiment is a further description of the 6.4 GHz power adjustable pulse output solid-state microwave source described in embodiment 1. In this embodiment,

[0067] The peripheral circuit (15) comprises:

[0068] The protection module (151) is used for protection, that is, when the detection module (152) detects that the temperature of the branch driving stage power amplifier module (13) is too high or the solid-state microwave source has a spark phenomenon, the switch (2) is disconnected and the solid-state microwave source stops outputting;

[0069] A control module (153) is used to control the adjustable attenuator (4) and thus control the input power, and is also used to control the switch (2) and thus control whether the microwave phase-locked power source module (12) is working, and is also used to control whether the microwave phase-locked power source module (12), the branch drive stage power amplifier module (13), and the coupler (14) are working;

[0070] A detection module (152) is used for detection, namely, for detecting the output of the first-stage power amplifier (5) and the second-stage power amplifier (6) and the incident reflected power of one path;

[0071] In this embodiment, the peripheral circuit is a general term for various control, protection, measurement, and power supply circuits used by the device, which is also the part involved in the specific embodiment 2. The connection method of the peripheral circuit with other devices is as shown in the example. Figure 1 Specifically, the peripheral circuit detects the total system output after the combiner and the output of each branch power amplifier module, controlling the on / off of the microwave phase-locked power source and varying the output power by controlling the operating state of the driver stage. The peripheral circuit's protection module includes an optical isolator that detects sparks in the waveguide connected to the system output. If sparks occur, the protection module immediately shuts down the microwave phase-locked power source to protect the device.

[0072] Peripheral circuits are a general term for various circuits used to assist the operation of devices, including microcontrollers / FPGAs, optical isolators, isolation amplifiers, power supplies, and other devices (the specific functions of the devices are not the focus). They have many functions such as control, detection, protection, and power supply.

[0073] The protection module in the peripheral circuit can stop the device from working when it detects that the temperature of the branch power amplifier is too high or when a spark occurs at the experimental device after the output end.

[0074] The parts with detection capabilities in the peripheral circuit also include a part for detecting the temperature of the branch power amplifier, a part for detecting the total output and the output of each branch, and a part for detecting whether there is a spark behind the output end.

[0075] The microwaves generated by the microwave source are ultimately transmitted to the experimental device through a waveguide and antenna. The microwaves generated by the microwave source will generate plasma within the experimental device. The experimental device is the application scenario of the microwave source.

[0076] A single-chip microcomputer is a device used by the system to implement control functions (controller).

[0077] Specific embodiment three, this embodiment is a further description of a 6.4GHz power adjustable pulse output solid-state microwave source described in embodiment two. In this embodiment, the branch driving stage power amplifier module (13) further includes a water cooling (10), and the water cooling (10) is used to cool down the various components in the branch driving stage power amplifier module (13).

[0078] The water cooler 10 uses external cooling water to provide cooling for the power amplifier chips (primary and secondary amplifiers) in the branch driver-stage power amplifier module 13. It is an integral part of the branch driver-stage power amplifier module 13. The water cooler 10 is a water-cooling plate that can be connected to external cooling water and is directly integrated with the branch driver-stage power amplifier module 13. Each small power amplifier module is equipped with one water cooler, namely the primary amplifier.

[0079] Specific embodiment 4. This embodiment is a further explanation of the 6.4GHz power adjustable pulse output solid-state microwave source described in embodiment 2. In this embodiment, the solid-state microwave source also includes a power supply module for supplying power, namely, supplying power to the microwave phase-locked power source module (12), the branch drive stage power amplifier module (13), the coupler (14), and the peripheral circuit (15).

[0080] The power supply module is a general term for various power supplies that provide power to various parts of the device. Figure 1 In the figure, the branch power supply module 11 supplies power to the branch driving-stage power amplifier module, and other branch power supply modules are not shown.

[0081] Specific embodiment 5: A method for outputting solid-state microwaves from a 6.4 GHz power adjustable pulse output solid-state microwave source, the method comprising:

[0082] A method for generating a signal and sending the signal to a switch (2);

[0083] A method for receiving a signal from a local oscillator (1) and sending the signal to a power divider (3);

[0084] A method for receiving a signal sent by a switch (2) and sending the signal to a branch driver-level power amplifier module (13);

[0085] A method for receiving a signal sent by the power splitter (3) and sending the signal to a first-stage power amplifier (5);

[0086] A method for receiving a signal sent by an adjustable attenuator (4), performing a first-stage amplification on the received signal, and then sending the signal to a second-stage power amplifier (6);

[0087] A method for receiving a signal amplified by a primary power amplifier (5), performing secondary amplification on the received signal, and then sending the signal to a coupler (14);

[0088] A method for receiving the secondary amplified signal sent by the secondary power amplifier (6), combining the signal once, and sending the combined signal to an 8-in-1 radial combiner (8);

[0089] A method for receiving a primary combined signal sent by the 9-in-1 radial combiner (7), performing secondary combination on the signal, and sending the secondary combined signal to the 2-in-1 radial combiner (9) after the combination;

[0090] A method for receiving a secondary combined signal sent by the 8-in-1 radial combiner (8), combining it tertiarily, and using the tertiary combined signal as the output signal of the solid-state microwave source after merging;

[0091] Methods used for protection, control, detection and power supply.

[0092] The present invention utilizes a phase-locked microwave source operating at a frequency of 6.4 GHz and a multi-stage power amplifier for amplification to achieve high frequency and high power output. Adjustable power is achieved by varying the operating state of the attenuator at the driver-stage power amplifier, thereby varying the power of the microwave signal input to subsequent power amplifiers with fixed amplification factors. The microwave source utilizes a power amplifier chip, resulting in low cost and low operating voltage, resulting in a low failure rate. Maintainability is excellent because the microwave source is modular. Even if one power amplifier fails, it can be repaired by replacing it with a new one. Even if a spare amplifier is unavailable, a load can be replaced in its place, while the remaining components can continue to operate and output microwaves.

[0093] Operating process: Local oscillator 1 in microwave phase-locked power source module 12 emits a signal, passes through switch 2, and is divided into 144 signals by power divider 3. The signals then enter branch driver amplifier module 13. The signals then pass through adjustable attenuator 4, primary power amplifier 5, and secondary power amplifier 6 before entering coupler 14. The signals are first combined by 9-in-1 radial combiner 7, then by 8-in-1 radial combiner 8, and finally by 2-in-1 radial combiner 9 for output. The 9-in-1 radial combiner 7, 8-in-1 radial combiner 8, and 2-in-1 radial combiner 9 are connected to peripheral circuitry 15.

[0094] The water cooling 10 provides cooling for the branch power amplifier module 13 .

[0095] A 6.4GHz solid-state microwave source with adjustable power pulse output. This microwave source consists of a microwave phase-locked power source, a branch driver amplifier module, a coupler, and peripheral circuits. The solid-state microwave source operates at a frequency of 6.4GHz, a voltage of 48V, and a rated power of 10kW.

[0096] The microwave phase-locked power source module includes a local oscillator, a switch, and a power divider. The signal output by the local oscillator is divided into 144 channels by the power divider and then enters the branch driver stage power amplifier module.

[0097] The branch driver amplifier module consists of an adjustable attenuator, a first-stage amplifier, and a second-stage amplifier, driven by a 48V DC power supply. The 144-channel signal passes through the adjustable attenuator, the first-stage amplifier, and the second-stage amplifier and enters the coupler.

[0098] The coupler consists of a 9-in-1 radial combiner, an 8-in-1 radial combiner, and a 2-in-1 radial combiner. The 144 signals first enter the 9-in-1 radial combiner to form 16 signals. The 16 signals then enter the 8-in-1 radial combiner to form two signals. Finally, the two signals enter the 2-in-1 radial combiner for combined output.

[0099] The peripheral circuits are implemented using an FPGA or single-chip microcomputer. They include a protection module, a control module, a detection module, and a power supply module. The protection module disconnects the switch and stops output if sparking occurs, and stops the system if the temperature is too high. The control module provides isolation and amplification, enabling isolation and amplification of various control and acquisition signals. It features a programmable control panel with an operational interface capable of detecting branch and overall output signals, displaying any faults. It also controls the local oscillator voltage, adjusts the attenuator to control input power, switches the phase-locked power source on and off, and controls whether the system is operating. The detection module detects the output of the power amplifier and the incident and reflected power of one path, detects sparking within the experimental setup, and measures the temperature within the experimental setup. The power supply module provides a 48V DC power supply for each power amplifier and a 220V AC power supply for the phase-locked power source and the control module.

[0100] The present invention replaces the klystron tube with a high-efficiency, high-power pulse output solid-state microwave source with an operating frequency of 6.4 GHz, reducing production costs, increasing efficiency, and simplifying the structure compared to the klystron tube. Compared to solid-state sources on the market, it has a higher operating frequency, greater output power, and greater cost advantages. In short, this high-efficiency, high-power pulse output solid-state microwave source with an operating frequency of 6.4 GHz has many advantages, including stable and reliable performance, high frequency stability, easy output power adjustment, long device life, lower lifecycle cost, low operating voltage, and no need for preheating. Its modular design also makes maintenance more convenient, and the use of a control panel simplifies operation, giving it broad application prospects.

[0101] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Detailed diagram of the coupler in the figure. The coupler includes 16 9-in-1 radial combiners, 2 8-in-1 radial combiners, and 1 2-in-1 radial combiner.

[0102] like Figure 1 、 3 The signal shown is output by the local oscillator, passes through a switch, and is split into 144 signals by a power splitter. These signals then enter the branch driver amplifier module. After passing through an adjustable attenuator, a primary power amplifier, and a secondary power amplifier, they enter the coupler. The 144 signals first enter a 9-in-1 radial combiner to form 16 signals, then an 8-in-1 radial combiner to form two signals, and finally a 2-in-1 radial combiner to combine and output them. The 9-in-1, 8-in-1, and 2-in-1 radial combiners are connected to peripheral circuits to detect the total reflected and incident power.

[0103] The peripheral circuit is implemented using an FPGA or single-chip microcomputer. The output of each branch power amplifier module in the peripheral circuit is connected to the output of the 2-in-1 radial combiner in the coupler, monitoring the incident and reflected signals in each branch and the total. The peripheral circuit is connected to the microwave phase-locked power source switch and adjustable attenuator to control the microwave source on and off and adjust the power level. The peripheral circuit also monitors temperature and power supply status. It also includes a protection device that can shut down the device in real time to protect the device.

[0104] like Figure 1 The signal shown is emitted by local oscillator 1 in microwave phase-locked power source module 12, passes through switch 2, and is divided into 144 signals by power divider 3. The signals then enter branch driver amplifier module 13. The signals then pass through adjustable attenuator 4, primary power amplifier 5, and secondary power amplifier 6 before entering coupler 14. The signals are first combined by 9-in-1 radial combiner 7, then by 8-in-1 radial combiner 8, and finally by 2-in-1 radial combiner 9 for output. The 9-in-1 radial combiner 7, 8-in-1 radial combiner 8, and 2-in-1 radial combiner 9 are connected to peripheral circuitry 15. The power supply module 11 is connected to a water cooler 10 to provide cooling for the branch amplifier module 13.

[0105] It has been verified that the power value of the microwave output during operation of the present invention can be read through the programmable control panel, and the microwave source can output microwaves with a maximum power of 10 kW.

[0106] Explanation of terms:

[0107] The Space Plasma Environment Simulator is an important component of the Space Environment Ground Simulator and serves as a research platform for studying space plasma physics. A solid-state microwave source is a type of microwave source used in the simulator that generates rotating waves to power the plasma.

[0108] A solid-state microwave source consists of a local oscillator, a switch, an attenuator, a driver-stage amplifier, a combiner, and peripheral circuits. The local oscillator is a low-power microwave source that can output a low-power signal at a frequency of 6.4 GHz. The switch controls the microwave source's output. The attenuator controls the microwave source's output power. The driver-stage amplifier amplifies the signal into the operating range of the second-stage amplifier, which further amplifies the signal. The combiner couples multiple signals together. The peripheral circuits collectively refer to the microwave source's monitoring, control, protection, and other auxiliary circuits.

[0109] The present invention is described by way of several specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent substitutions may be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. In addition, various modifications may be made to the present invention for specific situations or circumstances without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, but is intended to include all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power-adjustable, high-efficiency, high-power pulse output solid-state microwave source with an operating frequency of 6.4 GHz, characterized in that: The solid-state microwave source is composed of a microwave phase-locked power source module (12), a branch drive-level power amplifier module (13), a coupler (14), and a peripheral circuit (15); The microwave phase-locked power source module (12) comprises: A local oscillator (1) for emitting a signal and sending the signal to a switch (2); A switch (2) is used to receive a signal from the local oscillator (1) and send the signal to the power divider (3); A power divider (3) for receiving a signal sent by the switch (2) and sending the signal to a branch driver-level power amplifier module (13); The branch driver stage power amplifier module (13) includes: An adjustable attenuator (4) is used to receive the signal sent by the power divider (3) and send the signal to the first-stage power amplifier (5); A first-stage power amplifier (5) is used to receive the signal sent by the adjustable attenuator (4), amplify the received signal and then send the signal to the second-stage power amplifier (6); A secondary power amplifier (6) is used to receive the signal amplified by the primary power amplifier (5), perform secondary amplification on the received signal, and then send the signal to the coupler (14); The coupler (14) comprises: A 9-in-1 radial combiner (7) is used to receive the secondary amplified signal sent by the secondary power amplifier (6), combine the signal once, and send the combined signal to the 8-in-1 radial combiner (8); an 8-in-1 radial combiner (8) for receiving the primary combined signal sent by the 9-in-1 radial combiner (7), performing secondary combination on the signal, and sending the secondary combined signal to the 2-in-1 radial combiner (9) after combination; a 2-in-1 radial combiner (9) for receiving the secondary combined signal sent by the 8-in-1 radial combiner (8), combining the signal three times, and using the three-combined signal as the output signal of the solid-state microwave source after merging; The peripheral circuit (15) includes: FPGA or single chip microcomputer, which is used for protection, control and detection.

2. The power-adjustable, high-efficiency, high-power pulse output solid-state microwave source with an operating frequency of 6.4 GHz according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peripheral circuit (15) includes: The protection module (151) is used for protection, that is, when the detection module (152) detects that the temperature of the branch driving stage power amplifier module (13) is too high or the solid-state microwave source has a sparking phenomenon, the switch (2) is disconnected and the solid-state microwave source stops outputting; A control module (153) is used to control the adjustable attenuator (4) to control the input power, and is also used to control the switch (2) to control whether the microwave phase-locked power source module (12) is working, and is also used to control whether the microwave phase-locked power source module (12), the branch drive stage power amplifier module (13), and the coupler (14) are working; The detection module (152) is used for detection, namely, for detecting the output of the first-stage power amplifier (5) and the second-stage power amplifier (6) and the incident reflected power of one path.

3. The power-adjustable, high-efficiency, high-power pulse output solid-state microwave source with an operating frequency of 6.4 GHz according to claim 2, characterized in that: The branch driving stage power amplifier module (13) further includes a water cooler (10), wherein the water cooler (10) is used to cool down various components in the branch driving stage power amplifier module (13).

4. The method for outputting solid-state microwaves from a solid-state microwave source with adjustable power, high efficiency, and high power pulse output at a working frequency of 6.4 GHz according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method includes A method for generating a signal and sending the signal to a switch (2); A method for receiving a signal from a local oscillator (1) and sending the signal to a power divider (3); A method for receiving a signal sent by a switch (2) and sending the signal to a branch driver-level power amplifier module (13); A method for receiving a signal sent by the power splitter (3) and sending the signal to a first-stage power amplifier (5); A method for receiving a signal sent by an adjustable attenuator (4), performing a first-stage amplification on the received signal, and then sending the signal to a second-stage power amplifier (6); A method for receiving a signal amplified by a primary power amplifier (5), performing secondary amplification on the received signal, and then sending the signal to a coupler (14); A method for receiving the secondary amplified signal sent by the secondary power amplifier (6), combining the signal once, and sending the combined signal to the 8-in-1 radial combiner (8); A method for receiving a once-combined signal sent by the 9-in-1 radial combiner (7), performing a second combination on the signal, and sending the second-combined signal to the 2-in-1 radial combiner (9) after the combination; A method for receiving a secondary combined signal sent by the 8-in-1 radial combiner (8), combining it tertiarily, and using the tertiary combined signal as the output signal of the solid-state microwave source after merging; Methods used for protection, control, detection and power supply.

5. The method for outputting solid-state microwaves from a solid-state microwave source with adjustable power, high efficiency, and high power pulse output at a working frequency of 6.4 GHz according to claim 4, characterized in that: Methods used for protection, control, and detection include: Protection method: when the detection module (152) detects that the temperature of the branch drive-level power amplifier module (13) is too high or the solid-state microwave source has a sparking phenomenon, the switch (2) is disconnected and the output of the solid-state microwave source is stopped; Control method: controlling the adjustable attenuator (4) to control the input power, controlling the switch (2) to control whether the microwave phase-locked power source module (12) is working, and controlling whether the microwave phase-locked power source module (12), the branch drive stage power amplifier module (13), and the coupler (14) are working; A method for detecting the output of a primary power amplifier (5) and a secondary power amplifier (6) and the incident and reflected power of one path thereof.

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