Application of Sodium Butyrate, a Rhizosphere Soil Hydrogen Sulfide Promoter, and a Method for Improving Plant Drought Resistance

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of crop cultivation, and particularly to the application of sodium butyrate, a rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter, and a method for improving plant drought resistance. The present invention provides the application of sodium butyrate as a rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter. The sodium butyrate of the present invention can be used as a rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter to achieve the effect of increasing the abundance of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in the soil and promoting the soil to generate more hydrogen sulfide, and ultimately achieve the purpose of improving plant stress resistance, especially drought resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of crop cultivation, and particularly to the application of sodium butyrate, a rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter, and a method for improving plant drought resistance. Background Art

[0002] Climate change is one of the severe challenges faced by global agriculture in the 21st century, and its impact on agriculture is directly related to food security and economic security. According to the assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in 2007 on recent climate change, affected by the global greenhouse effect, extremely abnormal high-temperature weather occurs frequently. It can be seen that drought has become a worldwide problem. Arid and semi-arid areas in the world already account for more than one-third of the land area, and the impact of drought on plants ranks first among many natural adversity factors. The food loss caused by drought disasters accounts for more than half of the total food loss caused by natural disasters.

[0003] Rice is an important food crop. More than 50% of the world's population mainly eats rice, and the stable development of its production scale plays a crucial role in food production. Drought is one of the important factors affecting and restricting rice production. In the process of rice production, improving the drought resistance of rice and the rice yield in a drought environment have always been the fields that agricultural scientists have been striving to explore.

[0004] Sodium butyrate (NaB) is a common chemical substance, and its currently known functions are: 1. As a deacetylase inhibitor to study the acetylation of animals and plants, 2. As a feed additive for use in the field of animal breeding. However, whether NaB is helpful for improving plant stress resistance has not been reported. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the application of sodium butyrate, a rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter, and a method for improving plant drought resistance. The sodium butyrate of the present invention can be used as a rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter to increase the abundance of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in the soil and promote the soil to produce more hydrogen sulfide, ultimately improving plant stress resistance, especially drought resistance.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides the application of sodium butyrate as a rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter.

[0008] The present invention provides a rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter, the active ingredient of which includes sodium butyrate; the concentration of sodium butyrate in the rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter is 1-50 mmol / L.

[0009] Preferably, the concentration of sodium butyrate in the rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter is 10-20 mmol / L.

[0010] The present invention provides the application of sodium butyrate in any one or more of the following (1)-(5):

[0011] (1) Promote the enrichment of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in rhizosphere soil;

[0012] (2) Increase the hydrogen sulfide content in rhizosphere soil;

[0013] (3) Reduce the stomatal conductance of plant leaves;

[0014] (4) Reduce the transpiration of plants;

[0015] (5) Enhance the drought resistance of plants.

[0016] Preferably, the plants include food crops.

[0017] Preferably, the main food crops include rice.

[0018] The present invention provides a method for improving the drought resistance of plants, which comprises applying the rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter described in the above technical solution during the seedling stage of plants.

[0019] Preferably, the application method includes irrigation or spraying; the plants include main food crops.

[0020] Preferably, the main food crops include rice.

[0021] Preferably, the dosage of the rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter is 10 L-70 L / mu.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides the application of sodium butyrate as a rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter. By using sodium butyrate as a rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter, the present invention can promote the enrichment of SRB in rhizosphere soil, increase the hydrogen sulfide content in rhizosphere soil, enhance the drought resistance of plants, and reduce water resource utilization. Using sodium butyrate as a rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter is particularly suitable for improving the drought resistance of rice. In the specific embodiments of the present invention, using rice as the experimental material and applying sodium butyrate can significantly increase the abundance of SRB in soil, increase the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) content, reduce the stomatal conductance of rice leaves, thereby reducing the transpiration of plants, and ultimately achieving the effects of increasing the water retention capacity of rice and its ability to resist drought stress. Moreover, by comparing with the control, it can be seen that the effect of sodium butyrate described in the present invention in improving the drought resistance of plants is obvious. Sodium butyrate described in the present invention also has the advantages of good water solubility, low cost, safety and non-toxicity, and simple preparation. Description of the Drawings

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 Phenotype maps of rice under different treatments;

[0025] Figure 2 Stomatal conductance maps of rice leaves under different treatments;

[0026] Figure 3 Abundance maps of SRB participating in the sulfate reduction pathway under different treatments;

[0027] Figure 4 Bar graphs of the content of soil sulfate ions (SO4 2- ) and H2S content under different treatments. Specific embodiments

[0028] The present invention provides the application of sodium butyrate as a promoter of hydrogen sulfide in rhizosphere soil. After using sodium butyrate as a promoter of hydrogen sulfide in rhizosphere soil in the present invention, it can promote the enrichment of SRB in rhizosphere soil, increase the content of hydrogen sulfide in rhizosphere soil, and enhance the drought resistance of plants, especially rice. The present invention has no special limitation on the source of sodium butyrate, and it can be obtained by conventional purchase by those skilled in the art.

[0029] The present invention provides a promoter of hydrogen sulfide in rhizosphere soil, and the active ingredient includes sodium butyrate; the concentration of sodium butyrate in the promoter of hydrogen sulfide in rhizosphere soil is 1-50 mmol / L, more preferably 10-20 mmol / L. In the present invention, the solvent in the promoter of hydrogen sulfide in rhizosphere soil is preferably water, and the solute is preferably sodium butyrate. The promoter of hydrogen sulfide in rhizosphere soil of the present invention is preferably prepared and used immediately. In the specific embodiments of the present invention, taking rice as the experimental material, applying the promoter of hydrogen sulfide in rhizosphere soil of the present invention can significantly increase the abundance of SRB in soil, increase the content of H2S, induce the closure of plant leaf stomata, thereby reducing the stomatal conductance of rice leaves, thereby resulting in a reduction in plant transpiration, and ultimately achieving an increase in the water retention ability of rice and the ability to resist drought stress. Moreover, by comparing with the control, it can be seen that the effect of sodium butyrate in improving the drought resistance of plants in the present invention is obvious. Thus, it can be seen that the promoter of hydrogen sulfide in rhizosphere soil of the present invention has obvious effects, good water solubility, low cost, the cost of preparing a 10 mmol / L NaB solution is only about 1 yuan, is safe and non-toxic, and is simple to prepare.

[0030] Based on the above advantages, the present invention provides the use of sodium butyrate in any one or more of (1) to (5): (1) promoting the enrichment of sulfate-reducing bacteria in rhizosphere soil; (2) increasing the hydrogen sulfide content in rhizosphere soil; (3) reducing the stomatal conductance of plant leaves; (4) reducing the transpiration of plants; (5) enhancing the drought resistance of plants. In the present invention, the plants include food crops, more preferably including rice, but not limited to rice. In the natural ecological environment, SRB is the main producer of soil hydrogen sulfide. The sodium butyrate of the present invention can significantly increase the abundance of SRB, ensure the production of H2S, and ultimately achieve the purpose of enhancing the drought resistance of plants.

[0031] The present invention provides a method for enhancing the drought resistance of plants, which comprises applying the rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter described in the above technical solution during the seedling stage of plants. In the present invention, the application method includes irrigation or spraying. The plants of the present invention include food crops, more preferably including rice, but not limited to rice. In the present invention, the dosage of the rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter is preferably 10 L to 70 L per mu, more preferably 20 to 70 L per mu, and even more preferably 30 to 50 L per mu.

[0032] To further illustrate the present invention, the applications of sodium butyrate, a rhizosphere soil hydrogen sulfide promoter, and a method for enhancing the drought resistance of plants provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Weigh sodium butyrate and mix it with water to prepare a 10 mmol·L -1 aqueous solution of sodium butyrate, and this treatment solution is prepared for immediate use.

[0035] Rice seedlings are grown in an artificial climate chamber for two weeks, and the growth conditions are as follows: the light time is 10 h, the light intensity is 100 μmolm -2 s -1 , the temperature is 28 °C; the dark time is 14 h, the temperature is 25 °C, the relative humidity is 60%, and every 50 seedlings are grown in a small box with water absorption holes at the bottom and filled with 150 g of rice substrate soil, and then the small box is placed in a larger box for irrigation.

[0036] After the rice seedlings are grown in the artificial climate chamber for two weeks, 50 seedlings are irrigated with a 10 mmol·L -1 aqueous solution of sodium butyrate and then cultured. During irrigation, the dosage of the aqueous solution of sodium butyrate is 3 ml / plant, and the culture lasts for two weeks. The growth conditions during the culture process are as follows: the light time is 10 h, the light intensity is 100 μmol m -2 s -1, temperature 28℃; dark time 14h, temperature 25℃, relative humidity 60%.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] The steps are the same as those in Example 1, except that the concentration is 20 mmol·L -1 The sodium butyrate aqueous solution in Example 1 was replaced with a concentration of 10 mmol·L -1 of sodium butyrate aqueous solution.

[0039] Comparative Example 1

[0040] The steps are the same as those in Example 1, except that water is used to replace the concentration of 10 mmol·L in Example 1. -1 of sodium butyrate aqueous solution.

[0041] Test Example 1

[0042] After two weeks of cultivation in Examples 1 to 2 and Comparative Example 1, continuous water shortage and drought were carried out. That is, after the cultivation was completed, the small box containing the matrix was not irrigated. After two weeks of drought, the phenotypes were observed. The phenotypic results are shown in FIG. Figure 1 The stomatal conductance of leaves was detected using a photosynthetic instrument. 20 samples were tested for stomatal conductance of leaves. The sampling method was to use a photosynthetic instrument to detect stomatal conductance of leaves. Among them, 0mM NaB is comparative example 1, 10mM NaB is example 1, and 20mM NaB is example 2. The results of the investigation on stomatal conductance of leaves are shown in Tables 1 and Figure 2 ,in Figure 2 Each point in the graph represents an observation value, the bars represent the average value, CK represents Comparative Example 1, 10 mM NaB represents Example 1, and 20 mM NaB represents Example 2.

[0043] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the drought resistance of the rice in Examples 1 and 2 treated with the sodium butyrate aqueous solution was significantly enhanced.

[0044] Table 1 Investigation results of leaf stomatal conductance of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Example 1

[0045]

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] Note: The mean and standard deviation of the data in the table have been calculated, and multiple comparisons have been performed. The same applies to the following tables.

[0049] From Table 1 and Figure 2As can be seen from the records, the stomatal conductance of rice leaves in Examples 1-2 treated with sodium butyrate aqueous solution decreased significantly, reducing water transpiration and improving the water utilization rate of rice.

[0050] Moreover, during the period from February to November 2022, the inventor conducted 5 repeated experiments on Examples 1-2 and Comparative Example 1 respectively. The specific times were: February 16, 2022, April 17, 2022, July 21, 2022, September 20, 2022, and November 9, 2022. The experimental results showed that the experiment had good repeatability.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] The steps were the same as those in Example 1, except that the sodium butyrate aqueous solution with a concentration of 20 mmol·L -1 was used to replace the sodium butyrate aqueous solution with a concentration of 10 mmol·L -1 in Example 1.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] The steps were the same as those in Example 1, except that the sodium butyrate aqueous solution with a concentration of 50 mmol·L -1 was used to replace the sodium butyrate aqueous solution with a concentration of 10 mmol·L -1 in Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 2

[0056] The steps were the same as those in Example 1, except that water was used to replace the sodium butyrate aqueous solution with a concentration of 10 mmol·L -1 in Example 1.

[0057] Test Example 2

[0058] After culturing Examples 3-4 and Comparative Example 1 for two weeks, the 16S rRNA gene (16S V3-V4) in different regions of the rhizosphere soil was amplified using specific primers 341F and 806R and 16S sequencing was performed to detect the content of soil sulfate-reducing bacteria SRB. The nucleotide sequence of 341F was as shown in SQE ID No.1, specifically: 5'-CCTAYGGGRBGCASCAG-3', and the nucleotide sequence of 806R was as shown in SQE ID No.2, specifically: 5'-GGACTACNNGGGTATCTAAT-3'. When detecting the content of soil sulfate-reducing bacteria SRB, 5 parallel experiments were carried out for each treatment. At the same time, the soil SO4 2- content and H2S content were detected by spectrophotometry. For detecting the soil SO4 2- content and H2S content, 3 parallel experiments were carried out for each treatment. The detection results of the content of soil sulfate-reducing bacteria SRB are shown in Table 2 and Figure 3, where CK is Comparative Example 2, 20 mM NaB is Example 3, and 50 mM NaB is Example 4. Figure 3 The respiration of sulfur compounds in Figure 3 is the functional bacteria that carry out the respiration of sulfur compounds, sulfate respiration is the functional bacteria that carry out sulfate respiration, sulfur respiration is the functional bacteria that carry out sulfur respiration, and soil SO4 2- The detection results of the content and H2S content are shown in Table 3 and Figure 4 , where A is the column chart of soil SO4 2- content, B is the column chart of soil H2S content, 0 mM NaB is Comparative Example 2, 20 mM NaB is Example 3, and 50 mM NaB is Example 4.

[0059] Table 2 Detection results of the content of sulfate-reducing functional bacteria in different concentrations of NaB treatment

[0060]

[0061] As shown in Table 2 and Figure 3 shown, the relative content of SRB in the soil increased significantly after NaB treatment.

[0062] Table 3 Detection results of soil SO4 2- content and H2S content

[0063]

[0064] As shown in Table 3 and Figure 4 shown, the content of SO4 2- decreased significantly and the content of H2S increased significantly after NaB treatment, improving the drought resistance of rice.

[0065] From the above results, it can be seen that after applying sodium butyrate, the content of SRB in the soil can be increased, promoting SRB to consume SO4 2- , producing more H2S, reducing the stomatal conductance of rice leaves, and improving the drought resistance of rice. Achieving a good effect of enhancing the resistance of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses.

[0066] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this technology can make various modifications and decorations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. Application of sodium butyrate as a promoter of hydrogen sulfide in rhizosphere soil.

2. Application of sodium butyrate in any one or more of the following (1) to (5), characterized in that (1) Promote the enrichment of sulfate-reducing bacteria in rhizosphere soil; (2) Increase the hydrogen sulfide content in rhizosphere soil; (3) Reduce the stomatal conductance of plant leaves; (4) Reduce the transpiration of plants; (5) Enhance the drought resistance of plants.

3. The application according to claim 2, wherein The plants include food crops.

4. The application according to claim 3, wherein The food crops include rice.

5. A method for improving the drought resistance of plants, characterized in that, Apply the promoter of hydrogen sulfide in rhizosphere soil during the seedling stage of plants, and the concentration of sodium butyrate in the promoter of hydrogen sulfide in rhizosphere soil is 20-50 mmol / L.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein The application method includes watering or spraying; the plants include food crops.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein The food crops include rice.

8. The method according to claim 5, wherein The dosage of the promoter of hydrogen sulfide in rhizosphere soil is 10 L-70 L / mu.

9. The method according to claim 5, wherein The dosage of the promoter of hydrogen sulfide in rhizosphere soil is 30 L-50 L / mu.

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