A method for optimizing the overall performance of a rubber wheel and steel wheel dual-track subway bearing wheel protective cover

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of overall performance optimization methods of rubber wheel steel wheel double-track subway bearing wheel protective cover, the overall performance optimization method is by optimizing the anti-arcing performance, anti-circumferential rotation performance and anti-axial movement performance of protective cover, to improve the overall performance of protective cover.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a method for optimizing the overall performance of a protective cover, and in particular to a method for optimizing the overall performance of a protective cover for a rubber wheel and steel wheel dual-track subway bearing wheel. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of China's economy in recent years, the comprehensive national strength is constantly improving, and the urban rail transit industry is also developing rapidly. Although some emerging rail transit systems such as trams, maglev trains, and monorail trains have rapidly emerged in recent years, urban rail transit systems are increasingly diversified and coordinated. However, the subway is still the main way to alleviate the passenger flow pressure in cities, especially large and medium-sized cities.

[0003] China's mature subway vehicles are mainly of the steel wheel and steel rail type. As cities place increasingly high standards and requirements on the ecological environment in the development of rail transit, rubber wheel vehicles have begun to receive widespread attention.

[0004] Rubber wheel and steel wheel dual-track vehicles have a long history of application abroad and are widely used. Rubber wheel and steel wheel dual-track subway vehicles are based on traditional steel wheel and steel rail vehicles and add a set of rubber wheel running systems and rubber wheel guide systems. As shown in Figure 1 The outer side of the steel wheel 1 is coaxially provided with a bearing wheel 2, and a guide wheel 3 is horizontally provided in front of the steel wheel 1 and the bearing wheel 2. The bearing wheel 2 and the guide wheel 3 are rubber wheels, a steel rail 4 is provided below the steel wheel 1, a rubber rail 5 is provided below the bearing wheel 2, and a guide rail 6 is provided on one side of the guide wheel 3. This vehicle has two sets of running devices, namely, a steel wheel and steel rail system and a rubber wheel running system. Under normal operating conditions, the vehicle is driven forward by the rubber wheel running system, and the rubber wheel travels on two flat plate rails. At this time, the steel wheel is suspended, and there is a gap between the steel wheel and the steel rail. In the event of a tire blowout or other failure, the vehicle body quickly settles, and at this time the steel wheel contacts the steel rail, and the wheel flanges on both sides are tightly clamped between the two steel rails. The vehicle is carried by the safety backup steel wheel and runs along the steel rail at a reduced speed, providing safety protection.

[0005] As shown in Figure 2 Each end of each axle 8 of the vehicle bridge is provided with a rim 7, each rim 7 is provided with a tire 9, and a circular protective cover 10 is provided on the outer side end face of each rim 7. The protective cover 10 covers the end of the axle 8 and the outer side end face of the rim 7. A power supply line 11 of the subway is also provided near the end of the axle, and the protective cover is made of ABS plastic. Its function is to prevent arcing and dust. This is because the power supply line 11 of the subway is located near the end of the axle. Since the axle and the rim are made of metal materials, if the end of the axle and the outer side end face of the rim are exposed, there is a risk of arcing between the power supply line.

[0006] The connecting structure between the protective cover 10 and the rim 7 is shown in Figure 3 As shown, the inner side B of the protective cover 10 is the side of the protective cover 10 facing the rim 7 after installation, the outer side C of the protective cover 10 is the side of the protective cover 10 facing the power supply line 11 after installation, a plurality of spring clips 12 are arranged on the inner side B of the protective cover 10 along the circumferential direction of the protective cover 10, one end of the spring clip 12 is connected to the inner side of the protective cover 10 through a bolt 13 and a nut 14, the other end of the spring clip 12 is bent to form a spring clip hook portion 121, an outer protruding rim groove portion 711 is arranged on the outer end portion of the rim 7, the rim groove portion 711 is arranged in a complete circle, the tire 9 is pressed on the outer side of the rim groove portion 711 during installation, the spring clip hook portion 121 of the plurality of spring clips 12 and the inner side of the rim groove portion 711 of the rim are hooked together, since the spring clip 12 has elasticity, an interference effect is formed between the spring clip 12 and the rim groove portion 711 when hooked, and since the spring clip 12 and the rim groove portion 711 are both made of metal material, a friction force is also formed between them when hooked, and through the above-mentioned forces, the plurality of spring clips 12 can connect the protective cover 10 to the outer side end surface of the rim 7.

[0007] As shown in Figure 3 In the prior art, the spring clip 12 is inserted into the nut 14 through the bolt 13 from the outer side C of the protective cover 10, through the protective cover 10 and the spring clip 12, and towards the inner side B of the protective cover 10, and is locked and connected, when the protective cover 10 is installed, only the nut 131 of the bolt 13 is located at the outer side of the protective cover 10, the screw rod portion 132 of the bolt 13 and the nut 14 are both located at the inner side of the protective cover 10, since only the nut 131 of the bolt 13 is located at the outer side of the protective cover 10, there is a risk of electric arc between the nut 131 and the power supply line 11, therefore, in the prior art, the material of the nut 131 is changed to a non-conductive material to avoid the risk of electric arc.

[0008] In actual work, the applicant found that the existing problems are:

[0009] (1) During work, the protective cover will fall off the rim entirely and the probability of falling off is relatively high, which causes the end of the axle and the outer side end surface of the rim to be exposed, thereby causing the risk of production of electric arc;

[0010] (2) During actual operation of the vehicle, the protective cover often rotates circumferentially after the vehicle has been operated for a period of time, which causes the protective cover to fall off;

[0011] (3), in the actual operation of the vehicle, when the vehicle runs for a period of time, the protective cover often moves axially outward (i.e. away from the rim side), resulting in the protective cover falling off.

[0012] After searching, no same or similar patent documents as this application have been found.

[0013] In summary, how to design a kind of overall performance optimization method of rubber wheel steel wheel double-track subway bearing wheel protective cover, so that it can optimize the anti-arc performance, anti-circumferential rotation performance and anti-axial movement performance of the protective cover, so as to improve the overall performance of the protective cover is a technical problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0014] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an overall performance optimization method of rubber wheel steel wheel double-track subway bearing wheel protective cover, which can optimize the anti-arc performance, anti-circumferential rotation performance and anti-axial movement performance of the protective cover, so as to improve the overall performance of the protective cover.

[0015] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: an overall performance optimization method of rubber wheel steel wheel double-track subway bearing wheel protective cover, the overall performance optimization method is to optimize the anti-arc performance, anti-circumferential rotation performance and anti-axial movement performance of the protective cover, so as to improve the overall performance of the protective cover.

[0016] Preferably, the optimization of the anti-arc performance is to increase the stability between the snap spring leaf and the protective cover, so that the snap spring leaf does not loosen or fall off during work, thereby avoiding the risk of arc caused by the falling of the protective cover; the optimization of the anti-circumferential rotation performance is to increase the friction resistance between the rim groove part of the rim and the protective cover to prevent the protective cover from rotating circumferentially; the optimization of the anti-axial movement performance is to increase the rigid axial limiting structure between the rim groove part of the rim and the protective cover to prevent the protective cover from moving axially.

[0017] Preferably, when optimizing the anti-arc performance, the stability between the snap spring leaf and the protective cover is increased by using a bolt two and a lock nut for connecting the snap spring leaf and the protective cover; when connecting the snap spring leaf, the bolt two is inserted into the lock nut from the inside of the protective cover through the snap spring leaf and the protective cover towards the outside of the protective cover; the screw rod two of the bolt two and the lock nut located at the outside of the protective cover are insulated.

[0018] Preferably, the insulation treatment is to install insulation parts outside the screw rod part two and the lock nut at the position outside the protective cover, so that the screw rod part two and the lock nut are located in the insulation parts, thereby avoiding the risk of electric arc between the screw rod part two and the lock nut and the power supply line or the insulation treatment is to make the bolt two and the lock nut into non-metal parts by using insulation materials, and to lock the clamping spring leaf by using the insulated bolt two and lock nut or the insulation treatment is to spray insulation coating on the exposed screw rod part two and lock nut after locking the clamping spring leaf, and to perform insulation treatment by using the insulation coating.

[0019] Preferably, when the anti-circumferential rotation performance is optimized, the increase of the friction resistance between the rim groove part of the rim and the protective cover is to provide a plurality of pins on the inner side part of the protective cover along the circumferential direction of the protective cover, each pin being capable of extending along the radial direction of the protective cover.

[0020] When the protective cover is hooked and clamped on the outer side end surface of the rim by the plurality of clamping spring leaves on the inner side part of the protective cover and the rim groove part of the rim, the plurality of pins are then extended along the radial direction of the protective cover, inserted into the rim groove part of the rim, and contacted with the rim groove part to form a second contact part H2, and the friction resistance is generated by the second contact part H2 to prevent the protective cover from rotating in the circumferential direction.

[0021] Preferably, when the anti-axial movement performance is optimized, the increase of the rigid axial limiting structure between the rim groove part of the rim and the protective cover is to provide a plurality of pins on the inner side part of the protective cover along the circumferential direction of the protective cover, each pin being capable of extending along the radial direction of the protective cover.

[0022] When the protective cover is hooked and clamped on the outer side end surface of the rim by the plurality of clamping spring leaves on the inner side part of the protective cover and the rim groove part of the rim, the plurality of pins are then extended along the radial direction of the protective cover, inserted into the rim groove part of the rim, and contacted with the rim groove part to form a rigid axial limiting structure.

[0023] Preferably, a rigid positioning part is further provided on the inner side part of the protective cover, and when the protective cover is hooked and clamped on the outer side end surface of the rim by the clamping spring leaves and the rim groove part, the rigid positioning part is used to cooperate with the rim groove part to rigidly position the protective cover in the axial direction.

[0024] Preferably, the rigid positioning part is an axial positioning protruding rib provided on the inner side part of the protective cover, and when the protective cover is hooked and clamped on the outer side end surface of the rim by the clamping spring leaves and the rim groove part, the outer side surface of the rim groove end part of the rim groove part is first contacted with one end surface of the axial positioning protruding rib to rigidly position the protective cover in the axial direction, and then the plurality of pins are extended along the radial direction of the protective cover, inserted into the rim groove part of the rim, and contacted with the rim groove part to form a rigid axial limiting structure.

[0025] Preferably, the plurality of pins are arranged on the inner side of the protective cover through a detachable connection structure; the pins are not installed before the protective cover is installed, and after the protective cover is hooked and connected to the outer side end surface of the rim through the plurality of spring clips on the inner side of the protective cover and the rim groove part of the rim, the pins are installed on the protective cover, so that one end of the pins is inserted into the rim groove part of the rim and contacts the rim groove part.

[0026] Preferably, the detachable connection structure is a plurality of pin mounting seats arranged on the inner side of the protective cover along the circumferential direction of the protective cover; a pin through slot is opened on the pin mounting seat along the radial direction of the protective cover, an inner slot opening of one end of the pin through slot is located in the internal space of the protective cover, an outer slot opening of the other end of the pin through slot is located in the external space of the protective cover, and a threaded hole and a through hole are arranged on opposite sides of the pin through slot along a direction parallel to the central axis of the protective cover.

[0027] After the protective cover is hooked and connected to the outer side end surface of the rim through the plurality of spring clips on the inner side of the protective cover and the rim groove part of the rim, the pins are inserted into the pin through slot from the external space of the protective cover through the outer slot opening of the pin through slot, so that one end of the pins passes through the inner slot opening of the pin through slot and extends into the rim groove part of the rim to contact the rim groove part, and finally the pin screw is screwed into the threaded hole through the through hole and the pin, so as to lock the pins on the pin mounting seat.

[0028] The present application has the beneficial effect that: the present application optimizes the arc-proof performance, the anti-circumferential rotation performance and the anti-axial movement performance of the protective cover, thereby improving the overall performance of the protective cover. By increasing the stability between the snap spring leaf and the protective cover, the snap spring leaf will not loosen or fall off during operation, thereby ensuring that the protective cover can be stably connected to the outer end of the rim, avoiding the risk of electric arc caused by the exposure of the end of the axle and the outer end surface of the rim. By installing the bolt two in the opposite direction and locking it with the lock nut, the exposed screw part two and the lock nut are insulated, thereby increasing the stability between the snap spring leaf and the protective cover, and reducing the risk of electric arc caused by the falling of the protective cover. By adding an insulating part, the screw part two and the lock nut are insulated, further preventing the risk of electric arc. By making the bolt two and the lock nut into insulating non-metal parts, the risk of electric arc is further prevented. By spraying an insulating coating on the screw part two and the lock nut, the risk of electric arc is further prevented. When preventing the circumferential rotation of the protective cover, the present application not only generates friction resistance through the contact part H1 between the snap spring leaf and the rim groove part, but also generates friction resistance through the contact part H2 between the bolt and the rim groove part, thereby better preventing the circumferential rotation of the protective cover. In fact, when the protective cover tends to rotate circumferentially in the actual working environment, the present application increases the friction resistance between the rim groove part of the rim and the protective cover to prevent the circumferential rotation of the protective cover. Therefore, the present application can effectively prevent the circumferential rotation of the protective cover in a high-frequency vibration working environment, thereby avoiding the falling of the protective cover caused by the circumferential rotation of the protective cover. By designing the dismounting structure between the bolt and the protective cover, the present application can first preliminarily install the protective cover on the outer end of the rim through the snap spring leaf, and then insert the bolt into contact with the rim groove part of the rim, thereby realizing the function of increasing the friction resistance through the cooperation of the bolt and the rim groove part, and facilitating the installation and dismounting of the bolt. The contact part three is formed by the contact between the added leaf and the end of the rim groove part of the rim, thereby further increasing the friction resistance and preventing the circumferential rotation of the protective cover. The present application not only limits the axial position through the axial limiting structure formed between the leaf hook part of the snap spring leaf and the rim groove part of the rim, but also increases the rigid axial limiting structure between the rim groove part of the rim and the protective cover to limit the axial position of the protective cover. Therefore, the present application can effectively prevent the axial movement of the protective cover in a high-frequency vibration working environment, thereby avoiding the falling of the protective cover caused by the axial movement of the protective cover. The rigid axial limiting structure is formed by the cooperation of the bolt installed on the inner side of the protective cover and the rim groove part, and the bolt is rigid, unlike the elastic snap spring leaf. Therefore, even in a high-frequency vibration working environment, the bolt and the rim groove part will not be elastically deformed.The rigid axial positioning structure between the protective cover and the rim is added, so that when the protective cover is hooked on the outer side end face of the rim through the multiple clamping spring elastic sheets on the inner side of the protective cover and the rim groove part, the protective cover can be precisely positioned in the axial direction, so that the bolt on each protective cover can contact the rim groove part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the running structure of the existing rubber wheel and steel wheel double-track subway vehicle;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the existing rubber wheel and steel wheel double-track subway vehicle at the wheel set;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the existing rubber wheel and steel wheel double-track subway vehicle at the wheel set; Figure 2

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the protective cover in the embodiment one of the application;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the protective cover in the embodiment one of the application; Figure 4

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the protective cover in the embodiment one of the application;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the protective cover in the embodiment one of the application;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the protective cover in the embodiment one of the application;

[0037] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the protective cover in the embodiment one of the application; Figure 4

[0038] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the protective cover in the embodiment one of the application;

[0039] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the protective cover in the embodiment one of the application; Figure 10

[0040] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the protective cover in the embodiment one of the application; Figure 1 (not installed bolt);

[0041] Figure 13 ​​​​The three-dimensional structure of the protective cover in the first embodiment of the present application Figure 2 (the installed bolt);

[0042] Figure 14 The Figure 13 The enlarged structure diagram of the I part in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 15 The Figure 14 The structure diagram of the first embodiment of the present application after removing the bolt;

[0044] Figure 16 The Figure 12 The enlarged structure diagram of the L part in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 17 The principle process diagram when the bolt is installed in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 18 The structure diagram when the contact part three is formed by the contact of the end of the rim groove part of the rim with the elastic sheet in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0047] In the figure: 1. Steel wheel, 2. Load wheel, 3. Guide wheel, 4. Steel rail, 5. Rubber rail track, 6. Guide rail, 7. Rim, 711. Rim groove part, 712. Groove slope, 713. Rim groove end, 8. Axle, 9. Tire, 10. Protective cover, 101. Protective cover ring body, 102. Circular surface, 103. Protective cover groove body, 11. Power supply line, 12. Spring clip, 121. Spring clip hook part, 13. Bolt one, 131. Nut one, 132. Screw rod part one, 14. Nut, 15. Lock nut, 16. Bolt two, 161. Nut two, 162. Screw rod part two, 17. Metal spring sheet, 18. Insulating sleeve, 181. Sleeve body, 182. Sleeve body through hole, 19. Insulating threaded cap, 191. Cap body, 192. Cap body internal thread, 20. Bolt, 201. Bolt slope, 21. Bolt mounting seat, 22. Bolt through slot, 221. Inner slot, 222. Outer slot, 23. Threaded hole, 24. Through hole, 25. Bolt screw, 26. Spring sheet, 27. Axial positioning protruding rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0049] I. Research on anti-arc performance:

[0050] In daily work, when the protective cover often falls off, the applicant found one of the reasons through research, which is that in the prior art, such as Figure 3As shown, since the circlip spring 12 is locked by the general bolt one 13 and the nut 14, and in the long-term operation, due to the repeated vibration, the bolt-nut connection structure is loose, resulting in the circlip spring 12 loose or fall off, eventually leading to the protective cover 10 off, resulting in the end of the axle and the outer side surface of the rim exposed, causing the risk of arc.

[0051] Example one: the applicant improves the general nut 14 into a lock nut 15 and uses the length of the bolt two 16 matched with the lock nut 15 to increase the stability of the connection, the bolt two 16 is longer than the bolt one 13. The lock nut 15 uses the type 2 non-metal insert hexagonal flange face locking nut in GB / T 6183.1-2016, the size is M10. Here the reason for lengthening the bolt two 16 is that the thickness of this lock nut (along the axial direction of the bolt) is thicker than the ordinary nut, if the bolt one 13 of the previous length is still used, it cannot match the lock nut 15; another reason is that increasing the length of the bolt two 16 can also improve the stability of the connection from another aspect.

[0052] However, the length of the bolt two 16 increases and brings a new problem, such as Figure 3 As shown, it can be seen that in the prior art, when the circlip spring is installed, the nearest distance L1 between the shank part one 132 of the bolt one 13 and the circlip spring 12 is relatively small, that is, the shank part one 132 is located relatively close to the circlip spring 12, and in the process of the circlip spring 12 hooking the rim groove part 711 of the rim, the circlip spring 12 needs to be elastically deformed, so it needs a certain deformation space. Since the nearest distance L between the shank part one 132 and the circlip spring 12 is relatively small, now the length of the bolt two 16 is longer, which will inevitably make the shank part two of the bolt two 16 be located closer to the circlip spring 12, even contact with the circlip spring 12, which will interfere with the circlip spring 12. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the applicant installed bolt 16 in reverse, meaning that the retaining spring 12 is connected to the protective cover 10 by bolt 16 passing through the inner side B of the protective cover 10, through the retaining spring 12 and the protective cover 10, towards the outer side C of the protective cover 10, and locking it with the lock nut 15. After installation, the nut 161 of bolt 16 is located inside the protective cover 10, while the bolt stalk 162 and the lock nut 15 are located outside the protective cover 10. As can be seen from the figure, this reverse installation results in a larger minimum distance L2 between the nut 161 and the retaining spring 12, thus providing sufficient space for elastic deformation of the retaining spring 12. However, this orientation would place the bolt portion 162 and the anti-loosening nut 15 on the outside of the protective cover 10, creating a risk of arcing between them and the power supply line 11. Therefore, after reverse installation, the bolt portion 162 and the anti-loosening nut 15 located on the outside of the protective cover 10 need to be insulated to avoid the risk of arcing between them and the power supply line 11. This embodiment increases the stability between the retaining spring and the protective cover, ensuring that the retaining spring will not loosen or fall off during operation. This guarantees that the protective cover is securely connected to the outer end of the rim 7, preventing the axle end and the outer end face of the rim from being exposed due to the protective cover falling off, thus avoiding the risk of arcing.

[0053] In addition, a metal spring 17 can be attached to one side of the retaining spring 12 to increase the elasticity of the retaining spring 12, so that the retaining spring 12 can be more tightly engaged with the rim groove 711, increasing the stability between the retaining spring 12 and the rim groove 711 of the rim, thereby further ensuring that the protective cover is firmly connected to the outer end of the rim.

[0054] There are various methods for insulating the exposed screw part 162 and the anti-loosening nut 15, which are described below through several embodiments.

[0055] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, an insulating component is installed on the outside of the screw part 162 and the anti-loosening nut 15 located outside the protective cover 10, so that the screw part 162 and the anti-loosening nut 15 are located inside the insulating component, thereby avoiding the risk of electric arc between them and the power supply line.

[0056] The insulating member includes an insulating sleeve 18 and an insulating threaded cap 19. The insulating sleeve 18 is sleeved on the outer part of the screw rod part two 162 and the lock nut 15, and the insulating threaded cap 19 is screwed on the end of the screw rod part two 162. The insulating sleeve 18 is pressed against the outer side C of the protective cover 10 by the insulating threaded cap 19, so that the screw rod part two 162 and the lock nut 15 are located inside the insulating sleeve 18 and the insulating threaded cap 19, thereby achieving insulation. The insulating sleeve 18 can be a nylon sleeve, and the insulating threaded cap 19 can be a non-metal threaded cap, such as a plastic or polymer material.

[0057] As shown in Figure 6 , the insulating sleeve 18 includes a sleeve body 181 with one end closed and one end open, and a sleeve through hole 182 is formed in the closed end of the sleeve body 181. As shown in Figure 7 , the insulating threaded cap 19 includes a cap body 191 with one end closed and one end open, and a cap internal thread 192 is arranged in the cap body 191. As shown in Figure 5 , after the screw rod part two 162 of the bolt two 16 passing through the snap spring 12 and the protective cover 10 is locked with the lock nut 15, the screw rod part two 162 passes through the sleeve through hole 182 of the insulating sleeve 18, and the insulating threaded cap 19 is screwed on the end of the screw rod part two 162 by cooperating with the thread on the screw rod part two 162 through the cap internal thread 192 of the insulating threaded cap 19. The insulating sleeve 18 is pressed against the outer side C of the protective cover 10 by the insulating threaded cap 19. The internal space of the cap body 191 of the insulating threaded cap and the internal space of the sleeve body 181 of the insulating sleeve form an insulating space, and the screw rod part two 162 of the bolt two 16 passing through the snap spring 12 and the protective cover 10 and the lock nut 15 are located in the insulating space, thereby insulating the screw rod part two 162 and the lock nut 15, and preventing electric arc between the screw rod part two 162 and the lock nut 15 and the power supply circuit.

[0058] Example two: Compared with example one, the difference is that the method of insulating the exposed screw rod part two and the lock nut is to directly make the bolt two and the lock nut into non-metal parts by using insulating materials. After the snap spring is locked by using the insulating bolt two and the lock nut, there is no need to further insulate the exposed screw rod part two and the lock nut by using other insulating members. The insulating material can be high-performance nylon material.

[0059] Example three: Compared with example one, the difference is that the method of insulating the exposed screw rod part two and the lock nut is to spray an insulating coating on the exposed screw rod part two and the lock nut after the snap spring is locked. The insulating coating can be PVC coating, insulating paint, etc.

[0060] The applicant conducted a breakdown test on the protective cover in this embodiment:

[0061] S1, the sample before the test is rinsed with tap water, and is installed on the test tool;

[0062] S2, adjust the distance between the discharge end tool surface and the sample surface (the distance is 20 mm), and start the breakdown test;

[0063] S3, load voltage on the electrodes on both sides from 0, continuously increase the voltage until the sample is broken down or the load reaches 80000V, and observe the sample state.

[0064] Judgment requirements: record the test voltage when the sample is broken down, and require that the sample is not broken down at a voltage of 5000V.

[0065] Test results: the voltage when the sample is broken down is 31600V and 32500V.

[0066] From the above breakdown test, it can be seen that the protective cover in the embodiment can effectively prevent the risk of arc from occurring.

[0067] II. Research on the anti-circumferential rotation performance:

[0068] In daily work, when the protective cover often falls off, the applicant found the second reason through research that in actual application, the protective cover is in a high-frequency vibration working environment, and since the protective cover is connected by several snap spring leaves and rim groove parts, as shown in Figure 3 , the contact part one (such as Figure 3 H1 part) is formed between the snap spring leaf and the rim groove part, and since the contact area of the contact part one is limited, in the long-term high-frequency vibration working environment, the protective cover will appear circumferential rotation phenomenon, which causes the contact part of the snap spring leaf and the rim groove part to be out of position, and when the contact part of the snap spring leaf and the rim groove part is completely out of position and separated, it will cause the protective cover to fall off from the outer side surface of the rim 7.

[0069] Example one: as shown in Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the applicant improves by setting a plurality of plugs 20 on the inner side B of the protective cover 10 along the circumferential direction of the protective cover 10, and each plug 20 can extend along the radial direction of the protective cover 10. As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, when the protective cover 10 is installed, one end of each of the pins 20 is inserted into the rim groove portion 711 of the rim along the radial direction of the protective cover 10 to form a contact portion two H2 in contact with the rim groove portion 711. Since the contact portion two H2 also has a certain contact area, when there is a tendency of relative circumferential rotation between the rim and the protective cover in a vibrating working environment, the frictional resistance is generated by the contact portion two H2 between the pin 20 and the rim groove portion 711 to prevent the circumferential rotation of the protective cover 10. In the present embodiment, the circumferential rotation of the protective cover is prevented not only by the frictional resistance generated by the contact portion one D between the spring clip and the rim groove portion as in the prior art, but also by the frictional resistance generated by the contact portion two H2 between the pin and the rim groove portion, so that the circumferential rotation of the protective cover is better prevented. In fact, in the actual working environment, when there is a tendency of circumferential rotation of the protective cover, the circumferential rotation of the protective cover is prevented by increasing the frictional resistance between the rim groove portion of the rim and the protective cover, so that the circumferential rotation of the protective cover is effectively prevented in a high-frequency vibrating working environment, thereby avoiding the protective cover from falling off due to the circumferential rotation of the protective cover.

[0070] As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 11 , a pin inclined surface 201 is arranged on the end portion of the pin 20 extending out, and a groove inclined surface 712 matching the pin inclined surface 201 is arranged on the inner side surface of the rim groove portion 711 of the rim; when one end of the pin 20 is inserted into the rim groove portion 711 of the rim to form the contact portion two H2 in contact with the rim groove portion 711, the contact portion two H2 is formed by the pin inclined surface 201 of the pin 20 in contact with the groove inclined surface 712 of the rim groove portion 711. In this way, the contact area of the contact portion two H2 is further increased, so that the frictional resistance generated by the contact portion two H2 is further increased, and the circumferential rotation of the protective cover is better prevented.

[0071] As shown in Figure 8 , a plurality of spring clips 12 and a plurality of pins 20 are arranged in a staggered manner along the circumferential direction of the protective cover; in the present figure, there are three spring clips 12 and three pins 20 arranged in a staggered manner therebetween, so that the frictional resistance between the rim groove portion and the protective cover is further increased to prevent the circumferential rotation of the protective cover.

[0072] As shown in Figure 8 , the maximum outer diameter of the plurality of pins 20 is d1 with the center axis F1 of the protective cover 10 as the center, and as shown in Figure 2 , the minimum inner diameter of the rim groove portion 711 of the rim 7 is d2 with the center axis F2 of the rim 7 as the center. Then from Figure 11As can be seen, when the protective cover 10 is installed, the maximum outer diameter d1 of the pin is greater than the minimum inner diameter of the rim groove portion, and the pin 20 is not elastic like the snap spring 12, so when the protective cover 10 is installed, interference will occur between the pin 20 and the rim groove portion 711, so it cannot be installed. In order to solve the above problem, after research, the applicant designs the connection structure between the pin 20 and the protective cover 10 as a detachable connection structure, when installing the protective cover, first, the protective cover 10 is preliminarily installed by hooking and connecting the spring hook portion 121 of the plurality of snap springs 12 and the inner side portion of the rim groove portion 711 of the rim together (as shown in Figure 4 ), and then the pin 20 is installed on the inner side portion of the protective cover 10 from the outer side portion of the protective cover 10 through the detachable structure, so that one end of the pin 20 protrudes into the rim groove portion 711 of the rim and contacts the rim groove portion 711.

[0073] Specific detachable structure is shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 , a plurality of cuboid pin mounting seats 21 are arranged on the inner side portion of the protective cover 10 along the circumference of the protective cover 10, the pin mounting seat 21 and the protective cover 10 are an integral structure, as shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16 , the outer side surface J of each of the pin mounting seats 21 is parallel to the peripheral surface of the protective cover 10, the bottom surface K of the pin mounting seat 21 is perpendicular to the axis of the protective cover 10, the outer side surface J and the bottom surface K are adjacent, a pin through slot 22 is opened on the outer side surface J of the pin mounting seat 21 along the radial direction of the protective cover 10, the inner slot 221 at one end of the pin through slot 22 is located in the inner space of the protective cover 10, the outer slot 222 at the other end of the pin through slot 22 is located in the outer space of the protective cover 10, and the outer space of the protective cover 10 and the inner space of the protective cover 10 are communicated through the pin through slot 22. Threaded holes 23 and through holes 24 are arranged on the opposite sides of the pin through slot 22 along the direction parallel to the central axis F1 of the protective cover 10, the threaded holes 23 are located on the bottom surface K of the pin mounting seat 21, and the through holes 24 are communicated with the outer space of the protective cover.

[0074] When the protective cover 10 is hooked and connected to the outer side end surface of the rim 7 through the snap spring 12, the pin 20 is inserted into the pin through slot 22 from the outer space of the protective cover 10 through the outer slot 222 of the pin through slot 22 (as shown in Figure 17 ), so that one end of the pin 20 protrudes into the rim groove portion 711 of the rim and contacts the rim groove portion 711 (as shown in Figure 11 and Figure 14 ), and finally the pin screw 25 is screwed into the threaded hole 23 through the through hole 24 and the pin 20, so as to lock the pin 20 on the pin mounting seat 21 (as shown in Figure 17The pin screw 25 is made of non-metallic material to prevent electric arc from being generated at this position, because the nut part of the pin screw 25 is located outside the cover 10 after installation. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 12 The cover 10 comprises a cover ring body 101, a circular surface 102 located in the cover ring body 101, and a cover groove body 103 located between the cover ring body 101 and the circular surface 102, the circular surface 102 and the cover ring body 101 are connected by the cover groove body 103, and the circular surface 102, the cover ring body 101 and the cover groove body 103 are integrated. As shown in Figure 16 The outer slot 222 of the pin slot 22 is connected with the cover groove body 103.

[0075] To further increase the frictional resistance between the rim groove part of the rim and the cover to prevent the cover from rotating circumferentially, as shown in Figure 13 A plurality of elastic pieces 26 are arranged on the inner side B of the cover 10 along the circumferential direction of the cover 10, and the elastic pieces 26 can be made of plastic. The length direction of the elastic pieces 26 is arranged in parallel to the central axis F1 of the cover 10. When the cover 10 is installed, as shown in Figure 18 One side surface of the elastic piece 26 is in contact with the end part of the rim groove part 711 of the rim 7 to form a contact part three H3. In the working environment of high frequency vibration, the frictional resistance is generated through the contact part three H3 to better prevent the cover from rotating circumferentially. Preferably, the end part of the rim groove part 711 at the contact part three H3 is designed as a plane matched with the side surface of the elastic piece 26, so as to further increase the frictional resistance at this position and prevent the cover from rotating circumferentially.

[0076] The applicant conducts vibration test on the improved cover to verify its effect. The steps are as follows:

[0077] S1, before the test, install the sample on the test tool, and mark the connection between the product and the tool, and observe whether the marked position is dislocated after the test;

[0078] S2, conduct vibration test under the following conditions.

[0079]

[0080] S3, judgment requirement: the sample is not allowed to rotate circumferentially relative to the test tool after the vibration test.

[0081] Through the test on a plurality of test samples, the results show that the plurality of test samples do not rotate circumferentially relative to the test tool.

[0082] III. Research on anti-axial movement performance:

[0083] In daily work, when the protective cover often falls off, the applicant found the third reason through research. In practical application, the protective cover is in a high-frequency vibration working environment. As shown in Figure 3 , in the prior art, the axial movement of the protective cover is prevented mainly by the axial limiting structure formed between the spring hook portion 121 of the snap spring 12 and the rim groove portion 711 of the rim 7. However, since the protective cover is in a high-frequency vibration working environment, and the snap spring 12 has elastic deformation, sometimes under high-frequency vibration, the hooking structure between the spring hook portion 121 of the snap spring 12 and the rim groove portion 711 of the rim 7 is loose, so that the protective cover moves axially outward. Under long-term high-frequency vibration, the protective cover may fall off.

[0084] Example one: as shown in Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the applicant also uses the previously described bolt 20 to be inserted into the rim groove portion 711 of the rim along the radial direction of the protective cover 10 to contact the rim groove portion 711, and uses the axial limiting structure formed between the bolt 20 and the rim groove portion 711 to limit the protective cover 10. When the protective cover 10 moves axially outward in a high-frequency vibration environment, the rigid axial limiting structure formed between the bolt 20 and the rim groove portion 711 is used to limit the protective cover 10 axially to prevent the protective cover 10 from moving axially outward.

[0085] When preventing the protective cover from moving axially, this embodiment not only uses the axial limiting structure formed between the spring hook portion of the snap spring and the rim groove portion of the rim to limit axially as in the prior art, but also adds the axial limiting structure formed between the bolt and the rim groove portion to limit the protective cover axially, and the bolt is rigid, unlike the snap spring which is elastic. Therefore, even in a high-frequency vibration working environment, the bolt and the rim groove portion will not elastically deform. Therefore, this embodiment can effectively prevent the protective cover from moving axially in a high-frequency vibration working environment, thereby avoiding the protective cover from falling off due to axial movement of the protective cover.

[0086] Another problem to be considered is how to ensure the accurate positioning of the pins after installation, so that after the pins are installed on the protective cover, one end of the pin can be in contact with the rim groove part for axial positioning. Since the protective cover is first installed on the rim by the snap spring, and the snap spring of the protective cover is elastic, the protective cover has no rigid positioning member in the axial position, so that after the protective cover is installed on the rim by the snap spring, the position of each protective cover in the axial direction is actually not fixed, that is, it is not known whether the protective cover is installed in place. If each protective cover is not rigidly positioned in the axial position, it will cause the pins on some protective covers to be installed and not in contact with the rim groove part, leaving a gap therebetween. To solve the above problems, as shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15 an axial positioning rib 27 is further provided on the outer side J of each pin mounting seat 21, the axial positioning rib 27 is arranged in a direction parallel to the center axis F1 of the protective cover, and the axial positioning rib 27 is provided with a plurality of axial positioning ribs 27, one end of the axial positioning rib 27 is spaced apart from the inner groove 221 of the pin through groove 22 by a distance D, and the distance D is for accommodating the rim groove end of the rim groove part. As shown in Figure 11 When the protective cover is installed, the outer side surface of the rim groove end 713 of the rim groove part 711 of the rim groove part 711 is in contact with one end of the axial positioning rib 27 to accurately and rigidly position the protective cover in the axial direction, ensuring that when the protective cover is installed on the rim by the snap spring, it can be installed in place, and then the pin 20 is installed on the protective cover 10, so that one end of the pin 20 protrudes into the rim groove part 711 of the rim and is in contact with the rim groove part 711. At this time, the rim groove end 713 is located in the distance D. In this way, by providing the axial positioning rib 27, the accurate and rigid positioning of each protective cover in the axial direction can be ensured, so that the pins on each protective cover can be in contact with the rim groove part to form a rigid axial positioning structure. In addition, the axial positioning rib can also prevent the protective cover from moving inward.

[0087] In summary, the overall performance of the protective cover is improved by optimizing the arc prevention performance, the anti-circumferential rotation performance and the anti-axial movement performance of the protective cover. By increasing the stability between the snap spring leaf and the protective cover, the snap spring leaf will not loosen or fall off during work, thereby ensuring that the protective cover is stably connected to the outer end of the rim, and avoiding the risk of electric arc caused by the exposed end of the axle and the outer end surface of the rim. By reversely installing the second bolt and locking it with the lock nut, the exposed second screw rod and the lock nut are insulated, thereby increasing the stability between the snap spring leaf and the protective cover and reducing the risk of electric arc caused by the falling of the protective cover. By adding an insulating piece, the second screw rod and the lock nut are insulated, further preventing the risk of electric arc. By making the second bolt and the lock nut into insulating non-metallic pieces, the risk of electric arc is further prevented. By spraying an insulating coating on the second screw rod and the lock nut, the risk of electric arc is further prevented. When preventing the circumferential rotation of the protective cover, the present application not only generates friction resistance through the contact part H1 between the snap spring leaf and the rim groove part, but also generates friction resistance through the contact part H2 between the latch and the rim groove part, thereby better preventing the circumferential rotation of the protective cover. In fact, when the protective cover tends to rotate circumferentially in the actual working environment, the present application increases the friction resistance between the rim groove part of the rim and the protective cover to prevent the circumferential rotation of the protective cover. Therefore, the present application can effectively prevent the circumferential rotation of the protective cover in a high-frequency vibration working environment, thereby avoiding the falling of the protective cover caused by the circumferential rotation of the protective cover. By designing the dismounting structure between the latch and the protective cover, the present application can initially install the protective cover on the outer end of the rim through the snap spring leaf, and then insert the latch into contact with the rim groove part of the rim, thereby realizing the function of increasing the friction resistance through the cooperation of the latch and the rim groove part, and facilitating the installation and dismounting of the latch. The contact part three is formed by the contact between the added leaf and the end of the rim groove part of the rim, thereby further increasing the friction resistance and preventing the circumferential rotation of the protective cover. The present application not only limits the axial position through the axial limiting structure formed between the leaf hook part of the snap spring leaf and the rim groove part of the rim, but also limits the axial position of the protective cover through the rigid axial limiting structure between the rim groove part of the rim and the protective cover. Therefore, the present application can effectively prevent the axial movement of the protective cover in a high-frequency vibration working environment, thereby avoiding the falling of the protective cover caused by the axial movement of the protective cover. The rigid axial limiting structure is formed by the cooperation of the latch installed on the inner side of the protective cover and the rim groove part, and the latch is rigid, unlike the elastic snap spring leaf. Therefore, even in a high-frequency vibration working environment, the latch and the rim groove part will not be elastically deformed.By additionally arranging the rigid axial positioning structure between the protective cover and the rim, the precise axial positioning of the protective cover can be realized when the protective cover is hooked on the outer end surface of the rim through the multiple snap springs on the inner side of the protective cover and the rim groove part of the rim, so that the bolt on each protective cover can be in contact with the rim groove part.

[0088] The "multiple" in the embodiment refers to "two or more" in number. The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the present application, but not for limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or transformations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should belong to the protection scope of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the overall performance of a protective cover for a rubber-tired and steel-tired double-rail subway load-bearing wheel, characterized in that: The overall performance optimization method is to optimize the arc prevention performance, the circumferential rotation prevention performance and the axial movement prevention performance of the protective cover, so as to improve the overall performance of the protective cover; The arc prevention performance is optimized by increasing the stability between the snap spring leaf and the protective cover, so that the snap spring leaf does not loosen or fall off during operation, thereby avoiding the risk of arc caused by the falling of the protective cover; The circumferential rotation prevention performance is optimized by increasing the friction resistance between the rim groove part of the rim and the protective cover to prevent the protective cover from rotating circumferentially; The axial movement prevention performance is optimized by increasing the rigid axial limiting structure between the rim groove part of the rim and the protective cover to prevent the protective cover from moving axially; When optimizing the arc prevention performance, the increase in the stability between the snap spring leaf and the protective cover is to use a bolt two and a lock nut to connect the snap spring leaf and the protective cover; When connecting the snap spring leaf, the bolt two is inserted into the lock nut from the inside of the protective cover through the snap spring leaf and the protective cover towards the outside of the protective cover; The bolt rod two and the lock nut located at the outside of the protective cover are insulated.

2. The overall performance optimization method of claim 1, wherein: The insulation treatment is to install an insulating part outside the bolt rod two and the lock nut located at the outside of the protective cover, so that the bolt rod two and the lock nut are located in the insulating part, thereby avoiding the risk of arc between the bolt rod two and the lock nut and the power supply line, or the insulation treatment is to use an insulating material to make the bolt two and the lock nut into non-metal parts, and the bolt two and the lock nut are used to lock the snap spring leaf, or the insulation treatment is to spray an insulating coating on the exposed bolt rod two and lock nut after locking the snap spring leaf, and the insulating coating is used for insulation treatment.

3. The method of holistic performance optimization of claim 1, wherein: When optimizing the circumferential rotation prevention performance, the increase in the friction resistance between the rim groove part of the rim and the protective cover is to provide a plurality of latches on the inside of the protective cover along the circumferential direction of the protective cover, each latch can extend along the radial direction of the protective cover; After the protective cover is clamped and hooked on the outside end surface of the rim through the plurality of snap spring leaves on the inside of the protective cover and the rim groove part of the rim, the plurality of latches are used to extend along the radial direction of the protective cover and are inserted into the rim groove part of the rim to form a contact part two H2, the contact part two H2 generates friction resistance to prevent the protective cover from rotating circumferentially.

4. The method of holistic performance optimization of claim 1, wherein: When optimizing the axial movement prevention performance, the increase in the rigid axial limiting structure between the rim groove part of the rim and the protective cover is to provide a plurality of latches on the inside of the protective cover along the circumferential direction of the protective cover, each latch can extend along the radial direction of the protective cover; After the protective cover is clamped and hooked on the outside end surface of the rim through the plurality of snap spring leaves on the inside of the protective cover and the rim groove part of the rim, the plurality of latches are used to extend along the radial direction of the protective cover and are inserted into the rim groove part of the rim to form a contact part two H2, the contact part two H2 generates friction resistance to prevent the protective cover from rotating circumferentially.

5. The method of holistic performance optimization of claim 4, wherein: The rigid positioning member is an axial positioning protrusion arranged on the inner side of the protective cover.

6. The method of holistic performance optimization of claim 5, wherein: The rigid positioning member is an axial positioning protrusion arranged on the inner side of the protective cover.

7. The overall performance optimization method according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The plurality of insertion pins are arranged on the inner side of the protective cover through a detachable connection structure; the insertion pins are not installed before the protective cover is installed, and after the protective cover is hooked and connected to the outer side end surface of the rim through the plurality of clamping spring elastic pieces on the inner side of the protective cover and the rim groove portion of the rim, the insertion pins are installed on the protective cover, with one end of the insertion pins inserted into the rim groove portion of the rim to contact the rim groove portion.

8. The method of holistic performance optimization of claim 7, wherein: The detachable connection structure is a plurality of insertion pin mounting seats arranged on the inner side of the protective cover along the circumferential direction of the protective cover; along the radial direction of the protective cover, an insertion pin through groove is formed in the insertion pin mounting seat, with an inner groove opening at one end of the insertion pin through groove located in the internal space of the protective cover and an outer groove opening at the other end of the insertion pin through groove located in the external space of the protective cover; along a direction parallel to the central axis of the protective cover, a threaded hole and a through hole are arranged on opposite sides of the insertion pin through groove, respectively; After the protective cover is hooked and connected to the outer side end surface of the rim through the plurality of clamping spring elastic pieces on the inner side of the protective cover and the rim groove portion of the rim, the insertion pin is inserted into the insertion pin through groove from the external space of the protective cover through the outer groove opening of the insertion pin through groove, with one end of the insertion pin inserted into the rim groove portion of the rim through the inner groove opening of the insertion pin through groove to contact the rim groove portion, and finally the insertion pin screw is screwed into the threaded hole through the through hole and the insertion pin, so as to lock the insertion pin on the insertion pin mounting seat.

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