Environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and relates to an environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof. Through the loading of microorganism bacteria by a nano adsorbent, the reproduction of soil pathogenic bacteria can be effectively inhibited to improve soil conditions and promote plant growth, improve soil structure, increase soil permeability, increase soil water retention performance in cooperation with vermiculite and zeolite, stabilize heavy metals, alleviate the adverse effects of serious heavy metal pollution on crops, increase soil organic matter by humus and organic fertilizer, promote microbial reproduction by composting, and have multiple conditioning effects such as persistent and stable soil pH value, improved soil structure and microecological environment, and are suitable for conditioning and repairing various soils.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly relates to an environmentally-friendly farmland soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, the agricultural production industry has developed rapidly. Driven by year-round production and other benefits, large areas of land are used for planting. Unreasonable use of pesticides and fertilizers and continuous planting of crops have caused serious pollution of soil environment and water resources, which threatens human health.

[0003] Continuous planting of the same crop in the same field for a year or for consecutive years leads to an imbalance in soil salt content and pH, which is aggravated as the cultivation period is extended and gradually accumulates in the surface layer, causing the surface layer to be compacted, the physical and chemical properties to deteriorate, the pH value to increase, and the absorption of nutrients by crops to be affected. Further, soil degradation leads to a decrease in soil microbial activity and nutrient decomposition, a decrease in crop enzyme activity, a decrease in cell division, and damage to membrane structure, thereby affecting the absorption and transport of mineral elements.

[0004] It can be seen that soil compaction, salinization, and drought resistance are major problems faced in agricultural production. However, current soil conditioners have single effects, short maintenance periods, and are difficult to act on soil for a long time. Some even cause secondary pollution to soil in the later period.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide an environmentally-friendly farmland soil conditioner that can increase the number of beneficial bacteria in compacted saline-alkali soil after application, increase adsorption and water retention, make the soil loose and break up compaction, and not cause secondary pollution to the field is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an environmentally-friendly farmland soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof. The loading of microbial bacteria by nano adsorbent can effectively inhibit the reproduction of soil pathogenic bacteria and improve soil conditions and promote plant growth, improve soil structure, increase soil permeability, and increase soil water retention performance in cooperation with vermiculite and zeolite. At the same time, the heavy metals are stabilized, the adverse effects of serious heavy metal pollution on crops are alleviated, the humus and organic fertilizer can increase the soil organic matter, the composting can promote the reproduction of microorganisms, the soil pH value is stable, the soil structure and microecological environment are improved, and the multiple conditioning effects are suitable for conditioning and repairing various soils.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides an environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: microbial bacteria liquid 0.1-1 parts, nano adsorbent 3-5 parts, carbon source 1-3 parts, vermiculite 5-10 parts, zeolite 5-10 parts, humus 30-50 parts, and organic fertilizer 30-50 parts.

[0008] Preferably, the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by mass: microbial bacteria liquid 1 part, nano adsorbent 4 parts, carbon source 2 parts, vermiculite 7 parts, zeolite 7 parts, humus 40 parts, and organic fertilizer 40 parts.

[0009] Further, the microbial bacteria liquid is Bacillus velezensis bacteria liquid and / or Azotobacter chroococcum bacteria liquid; the concentration of bacteria in the microbial bacteria liquid is 4.5-5.5*10 9 CFU / ml.

[0010] Further, the Bacillus velezensis is Bacillus velezensis, which is preserved in the China Industrial Microbial Culture Collection Center, with a preservation number of CICC 20025 and a preservation time of December 20, 2005.

[0011] Further, the Azotobacter chroococcum is Azotobacter chroococcum, which is preserved in the China Industrial Microbial Culture Collection Center, with a preservation number of CICC 22661 and a preservation time of November 6, 2008.

[0012] Further, the nano adsorbent is hydroxyapatite and / or carbon nanotube.

[0013] Further, the carbon source is one of glucose, fructose, and maltose.

[0014] Further, the particle size of the vermiculite and the zeolite is 0.1-1 mm.

[0015] Further, the humus is sterilized and dried, and the particle size is 1-2 mm.

[0016] Further, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the organic fertilizer is 20-25:1.

[0017] In another aspect, the application further provides a preparation method of the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1, preparing the carbon source into an aqueous solution, adding the nano adsorbent for adsorption, and preparing the nano adsorbent powder loaded with the carbon source through spray drying after the adsorption is completed;

[0019] S2, the microbial bacteria liquid is added into the carbon source loaded nanometer adsorbent powder prepared in S1, and after standing for 30-60 min, freeze-drying is carried out, so as to prepare a functional powder;

[0020] S3, the vermiculite, zeolite, humus and organic fertilizer are uniformly mixed, and after being stacked for 3-7 days, the functional powder prepared in S2 is added and uniformly mixed, so as to obtain the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner.

[0021] Further, the mass-volume ratio of the carbon source and water in the step S1 is 1g:10ml.

[0022] On the other hand, the application further provides an application of the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner in farmland soil treatment.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0024] 1, the application is loaded with carbon source and nitrogen-fixing bacteria by nanometer adsorbent, and the nitrogen-fixing bacteria can provide a large amount of effective nitrogen for farmland, and the carbon source can provide energy for the growth of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the early stage, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria existing in the soil can improve the availability of rhizosphere mineral elements by fixing nitrogen in the air, and can improve the soil conditions and promote the growth of plants by effectively inhibiting the reproduction of soil pathogenic bacteria, so as to improve the fertilizer utilization rate, prolong the fertilizer effect time, and help to improve the soil structure and increase the air permeability of the soil.

[0025] 2, the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner prepared by the preparation method of the application, wherein the vermiculite and zeolite not only play a water-retaining role, but also are beneficial to the chelation and adsorption of nanometer adsorbent and zeolite to soil heavy metal ions to reduce the harm of heavy metal ions to crops, and the humus and organic fertilizer can be beneficial to the utilization of crops after being stacked, and can provide growth required fertilizer effect for crops in the early stage.

[0026] 3, the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner prepared by the application has synergistic effect among the raw material components, so that the beneficial bacteria in the soil increase greatly, the adsorption and water holding capacity increase, the air permeability and humidity increase, the soil is loosened and the soil is prevented from being hardened. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The various exemplary embodiments of the application will now be described in detail, which should not be considered as limiting the application, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics and embodiments of the application. It should be understood that the terms described in the application are only for describing the particular embodiments, and are not used to limit the application.

[0028] Further, for numerical ranges recited herein, every intervening value betweenthe upper and lower limits of that range is also specifically disclosed. Intervening values can be combined with any other intervening value or values to form another range that is also specifically disclosed. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can independently be included or excluded in the range.

[0029] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present application, the preferred methods and materials are described.

[0030] As used herein, the terms "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including", "have", "having" and the like are open-ended and do not exclude additional elements or steps.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Raw material ratio of the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner:

[0033] The microbial liquid is 1 part, the nano adsorbent is 4 parts, the carbon source is 2 parts, the vermiculite is 7 parts, the zeolite is 7 parts, the humus is 40 parts, and the organic fertilizer is 40 parts.

[0034] The microbial liquid is 1 part, the nano adsorbent is 4 parts, the carbon source is 2 parts, the vermiculite is 7 parts, the zeolite is 7 parts, the humus is 40 parts, and the organic fertilizer is 40 parts. 9 CFU / ml, the nano adsorbent is carbon nanotube, the carbon source is glucose, the particle size of the vermiculite and the zeolite is 0.1 mm, the particle size of the humus is 1 mm, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the organic fertilizer is 25:1.

[0035] Preparation of the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner:

[0036] S1, the carbon source is prepared into an aqueous solution, the nano adsorbent is added for adsorption, and after the adsorption is completed, the nano adsorbent powder loaded with the carbon source is prepared by spray drying;

[0037] S2, the microbial liquid is added to the nano adsorbent powder loaded with the carbon source prepared in step S1, and after standing for 60 min, freeze-drying is performed to prepare a functional powder;

[0038] S3, the vermiculite, the zeolite, the humus, and the organic fertilizer are mixed uniformly, and then the functional powder prepared in step S2 is added and mixed uniformly, to obtain the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Raw material ratio of the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner:

[0041] Microbial bacteria liquid 0.1 parts, nano adsorbent 3 parts, carbon source 1 part, vermiculite 5 parts, zeolite 5 parts, humus 30 parts, organic fertilizer 30 parts.

[0042] The microbial bacteria liquid is a bacillus velezensis bacteria liquid with a concentration of 4.5*10 9 CFU / ml, the nano adsorbent is carbon nanotubes, the carbon source is glucose, the particle size of the vermiculite and the zeolite is 0.1mm, the particle size of the humus is 1mm, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the organic fertilizer is 20:1.

[0043] Preparation of the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner:

[0044] S1, the carbon source is prepared into an aqueous solution, and the nano adsorbent is added for adsorption. After the adsorption is completed, the nano adsorbent powder loaded with the carbon source is prepared by spray drying;

[0045] S2, the microbial bacteria liquid is added to the nano adsorbent powder loaded with the carbon source prepared in step S1, and after standing for 30 minutes, freeze-drying is performed to prepare a functional powder;

[0046] S3, the vermiculite, the zeolite, the humus and the organic fertilizer are uniformly mixed, and then the functional powder prepared in step S2 is added and uniformly mixed, to obtain the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] Raw material ratio of the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner:

[0049] Microbial bacteria liquid 1 part, nano adsorbent 5 parts, carbon source 3 parts, vermiculite 10 parts, zeolite 10 parts, humus 50 parts, and organic fertilizer 50 parts.

[0050] The microbial bacteria liquid is a bacillus velezensis bacteria liquid with a concentration of 5*10 9 CFU / ml, the nano adsorbent is hydroxyapatite, the carbon source is glucose, the particle size of the vermiculite and the zeolite is 1mm, the particle size of the humus is 2mm, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the organic fertilizer is 25:1.

[0051] Preparation of the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner:

[0052] S1, the carbon source is prepared into an aqueous solution, and the nano adsorbent is added for adsorption. After the adsorption is completed, the nano adsorbent powder loaded with the carbon source is prepared by spray drying;

[0053] S2, the microbial bacteria liquid is added to the nano adsorbent powder loaded with the carbon source prepared in step S1, and after standing for 40 minutes, freeze-drying is performed to prepare a functional powder;

[0054] S3, mix vermiculite, zeolite, humus soil and organic fertilizer uniformly, stack for 4 days, then add the functional powder prepared in S2, mix uniformly, to obtain the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] Raw material ratio of the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner:

[0057] 0.3 parts of microbial liquid, 4 parts of nano adsorbent, 2 parts of carbon source, 7 parts of vermiculite, 8 parts of zeolite, 40 parts of humus soil and 40 parts of organic fertilizer.

[0058] The microbial liquid is Azotobacter chroococcum liquid with a concentration of 5x10 9 CFU / ml, the nano adsorbent is carbon nanotube, the carbon source is maltose, the particle size of vermiculite and zeolite is 0.5mm, the particle size of humus soil is 1.5mm, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of organic fertilizer is 23:1.

[0059] Preparation of the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner:

[0060] S1, prepare the carbon source into an aqueous solution, add the nano adsorbent for adsorption, and then prepare the nano adsorbent powder loaded with the carbon source by spray drying after the adsorption is completed;

[0061] S2, add the microbial liquid to the nano adsorbent powder loaded with the carbon source prepared in S1, stand for 50 minutes, and then freeze-dry to prepare the functional powder;

[0062] S3, mix vermiculite, zeolite, humus soil and organic fertilizer uniformly, stack for 4 days, then add the functional powder prepared in S2, mix uniformly, to obtain the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner.

[0063] Example 5

[0064] Raw material ratio of the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner:

[0065] 0.8 parts of microbial liquid, 4 parts of nano adsorbent, 2 parts of carbon source, 9 parts of vermiculite, 6 parts of zeolite, 35 parts of humus soil and 45 parts of organic fertilizer.

[0066] The microbial liquid is Bacillus velezensis liquid with a concentration of 5.5x10 9 CFU / ml, the nano adsorbent is hydroxyapatite, the carbon source is fructose, the particle size of vermiculite and zeolite is 0.7mm, the particle size of humus soil is 1mm, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of organic fertilizer is 24:1.

[0067] Preparation of the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner:

[0068] S1, prepare the carbon source into an aqueous solution, add a nano adsorbent for adsorption, and after adsorption is completed, prepare a nano adsorbent powder loaded with the carbon source by spray drying;

[0069] S2, add microbial bacteria liquid to the nano adsorbent powder loaded with the carbon source prepared in step S1, stand for 60 min, and then freeze-dry to prepare a functional powder;

[0070] S3, mix vermiculite, zeolite, humus soil and organic fertilizer uniformly, stack for 6 days, then add the functional powder prepared in step S2, and mix uniformly to obtain an environmentally friendly farmland soil conditioner.

[0071] Comparative Example 1

[0072] Preparation of the farmland soil conditioner:

[0073] Mix 7 parts of vermiculite, 7 parts of zeolite, 40 parts of humus soil and 40 parts of organic fertilizer uniformly, spray microbial bacteria liquid after stacking for 7 days, and mix uniformly to obtain the farmland soil conditioner.

[0074] The microbial bacteria liquid is aazotobacter chroococcum bacteria liquid with a concentration of 5.5 x 10 9 CFU / ml, the particle size of the vermiculite and the zeolite is 0.1 mm, the particle size of the humus soil is 1 mm, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the organic fertilizer is 25:1.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] Preparation of the farmland soil conditioner:

[0077] Mix 7 parts of vermiculite, 7 parts of zeolite, 40 parts of humus soil and 40 parts of organic fertilizer uniformly, spray microbial bacteria liquid after stacking for 7 days, and mix uniformly to obtain the farmland soil conditioner.

[0078] The microbial bacteria liquid is aazotobacter chroococcum bacteria liquid with a concentration of 5.5 x 10 9 CFU / ml, the particle size of the vermiculite and the zeolite is 0.1 mm, the particle size of the humus soil is 1 mm, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the organic fertilizer is 25:1.

[0079] Comparative Example 3

[0080] Preparation of the farmland soil conditioner:

[0081] Mix 7 parts of vermiculite, 7 parts of zeolite, 40 parts of humus soil and 40 parts of organic fertilizer uniformly, stack for 7 days to obtain the farmland soil conditioner.

[0082] The particle size of the vermiculite and the zeolite is 0.1 mm, the particle size of the humus soil is 1 mm, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the organic fertilizer is 25:1.

[0083] Comparative Example 4

[0084] Preparation of farmland soil conditioner:

[0085] Mixing vermiculite 7 parts, zeolite 7 parts, humus 40 parts, and organic fertilizer 40 parts uniformly, a farmland soil conditioner is obtained.

[0086] The particle size of vermiculite and zeolite is 0.1 mm, the particle size of humus is 1 mm, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of organic fertilizer is 25:1.

[0087] Test example

[0088] The farmland soil conditioners according to Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are prepared, and the same soil with soil hardening and salinization is selected and divided into non-interacting areas. Each group of farmland soil conditioners is applied to the surface layer of the soil at 600 kg / acre, and then rotary tillage is performed at a depth of 25 cm. After 5 months of conventional management, the soil hardening and salinization are detected.

[0089] The soil hardening is determined using a GPS soil hardness tester, which is purchased from Zhejiang Topu Yun Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., and the model is TJSD-750-II. The measurement depth is 20 cm, and the soil hardness is used to verify the soil hardening.

[0090] The results are as follows:

[0091] Table 1

[0092]

[0093] As can be seen from the above table, the soil conditioner prepared by the examples has better soil conditioning effect than the comparative examples. According to the comparison of the soil hardening data, the soil of the fields treated by Examples 1-5 is loose and not hardened compared with Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0094] As can be seen from the data of Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4, when using nano adsorbent to adsorb nitrogen-fixing bacteria and mixing vermiculite, zeolite, humus, and organic fertilizer, the pH value of the soil is still stable at about 7 after five months of application, the soil is loose and not hardened, and the water content is high, indicating that the soil conditioner of the present application can effectively condition the hardened and saline soil. It can be seen from the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content and organic matter content that it can improve the soil conditions and prolong the fertilizer effect.

[0095] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An eco-friendly farmland soil conditioner, characterized by, By mass fraction, comprising the following components: microbial bacteria liquid 0.1-1 parts, nano adsorbent 3-5 parts, carbon source 1-3 parts, vermiculite 5-10 parts, zeolite 5-10 parts, humus 30-50 parts, organic fertilizer 30-50 parts; The nano adsorbent is hydroxyapatite and / or carbon nanotube; The carbon source is one of glucose, fructose and maltose; The preparation steps of the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner include: S1, the carbon source is prepared into an aqueous solution, and the nano adsorbent is added for adsorption, and after the adsorption is completed, the nano adsorbent powder loaded with the carbon source is prepared by spray drying; S2, the microbial bacteria liquid is added to the nano adsorbent powder loaded with the carbon source prepared in S1, and after standing for 30-60 min, freeze-drying is carried out to prepare a functional powder; S3, the vermiculite, zeolite, humus and organic fertilizer are uniformly mixed, and then the functional powder prepared in S2 is added and uniformly mixed, to obtain the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner.

2. The environmentally friendly farmland soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, By mass fraction, comprising the following components: microbial bacteria liquid 0.1-1 parts, nano adsorbent 3-5 parts, carbon source 1-3 parts, vermiculite 5-10 parts, zeolite 5-10 parts, humus 30-50 parts, organic fertilizer 30-50 parts.

3. The environmentally friendly farmland soil conditioner according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microbial liquid is a bacterial liquid of Paenibacillus validus and / or a bacterial liquid of Azotobacter paspali; the concentration of the bacteria in the microbial liquid is 4.5-5.5x10 9 CFU / ml.

4. The environmentally friendly farmland soil conditioner according to claim 2, characterized in that, The particle size of the vermiculite and the zeolite is 0.1-1 mm.

5. The environmentally friendly farmland soil conditioner according to claim 2, characterized in that, The humus is sterilized and dried, and the particle size is 1-2 mm; the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the organic fertilizer is 20-25:

1.

6. A method of preparing the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The steps include: S1, the carbon source is prepared into an aqueous solution, and the nano adsorbent is added for adsorption, and after the adsorption is completed, the nano adsorbent powder loaded with the carbon source is prepared by spray drying; S2, the microbial bacteria liquid is added to the nano adsorbent powder loaded with the carbon source prepared in S1, and after standing for 30-60 min, freeze-drying is carried out to prepare a functional powder; S3, the vermiculite, zeolite, humus and organic fertilizer are uniformly mixed, and then the functional powder prepared in S2 is added and uniformly mixed, to obtain the environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mass-volume ratio of the carbon source to water in S1 is 1g:10ml.

8. The environment-friendly farmland soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1-5 for use in the treatment of farmland soil.

Images