A safe medium-caliber explosive bullet with a warhead mechanical trigger fuze

Abstract

The present invention discloses a safe, medium-caliber explosive cartridge with a warhead mechanically triggered fuze. The cartridge consists of an explosive cartridge and a warhead mechanically triggered fuze disposed within the cartridge. The cartridge is divided into a head ignition module, a middle safety control and initiation module, and a tail explosive charge module. The head ignition module comprises the upper portion of the warhead case, the upper portion of the fuze body, paraffin wax, and a needle percussion cap. The fuze body is the primary structural component, housing the safety control and initiation module and connecting the head ignition module and the tail explosive charge module. The safety control and initiation module comprises the middle portion of the warhead case, the lower portion of the fuze body, an isolation ball, an open ring, a ball seat, a first reinforcement cap, a booster tube case, a booster charge, a recoil safety ring, and a flame detonator. The tail explosive charge module comprises the lower portion of the warhead case, a second reinforcement cap, an explosive charge, the projectile body, and a lead sleeve. The fuze utilizes a ball rotor mechanism for both explosion-proofing and delayed release, and redundant safety mechanisms are provided by an open ring centrifugal safety mechanism and a safety ring recoil safety mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of light weapon ammunition technology, and in particular relates to a safe medium-caliber explosive bullet with a warhead mechanical trigger fuze. Background Art

[0002] Bullets are the ammunition used by firearms in combat, either offensively or defensively, to inflict direct damage to targets. They are also the most widely used and consumed type of ammunition. Modern military ammunition is primarily designed to kill living targets, but can also be used to destroy targets such as light armored vehicles, low-altitude aircraft, and military installations. Explosive rounds are primarily used to attack weak and flammable targets such as thin-walled oil tanks, aircraft, and wooden bunkers. Their incendiary properties provide a significant destructive effect. Historically, explosive rounds have been categorized into two types: time-detonating rounds and trigger-detonating rounds.

[0003] The document "Infantry Automatic Weapons and Ammunition Design Manual" (Editing Group. Infantry Automatic Weapons and Ammunition Design Manual (Volume 1). Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 1977) describes the German time-explosive projectile. The perforator cap is supported by a spring, maintaining a certain distance from the firing pin, acting as a safety device. A delay charge is placed in a hole behind the firing pin. Adjusting its length changes the delay time, thereby varying the distance to the detonation point. During firing, the perforator cap recoils, overcoming the spring resistance and striking the firing pin, igniting the delay charge. Over time, the delay charge transmits the flame to the explosive charge, causing the projectile to explode, generating smoke and light that indicate the detonation point. Changes in weather conditions or moisture in the delay charge can affect the delay charge's burning time, causing the projectile's detonation distance to vary.

[0004] The document "Infantry Automatic Weapons and Ammunition Design Manual" (Editing Group. Infantry Automatic Weapons and Ammunition Design Manual (Volume 1). Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 1977) describes the 12.7mm caliber (MDZ-46) contact-fired incendiary warhead. It contains explosives and an incendiary agent. Upon impact with the target, the warhead's cover compresses the air in the air chamber, raising the temperature and igniting the needle percussion cap, causing an explosion and combustion. The improved MD-46 merely replaces the entire charge with explosives. The improved MDZ-3, on the other hand, replaces machined components with stamped components, while maintaining the same structure. This type of explosive warhead has a blunt head, resulting in high air resistance and a rapid drop in velocity. At low velocity, it cannot reliably ignite the needle percussion cap, making it unsuitable for use against long-range targets. When the warhead lands without hitting the target (such as in aerial firing), the low impact velocity often results in misfires.

[0005] The document "Infantry Automatic Weapons and Ammunition Design Manual" (Editorial Group. Infantry Automatic Weapons and Ammunition Design Manual (Volume 1). Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 1977) also describes the 14.5mm caliber instantaneous explosive warhead. Its main components are the penetrator tube, explosive body, and tracer tube. The front of the warhead case contains a cap. Upon impact with the target, the cap deforms, compressing the air within the penetrator tube, creating an adiabatic effect that detonates the detonator, which in turn detonates the explosive, blasting and igniting the target. The penetrator tube primarily prevents the front of the warhead from being destroyed during penetration, ensuring the integrity of the air chamber. Fragments generated by the penetrator tube upon impact also serve to detonate the detonator. The tracer tube, in addition to indicating the bullet's trajectory, also detonates the explosive, causing a mid-air self-destruction, preventing the warhead from missing its target and landing, causing collateral damage.

[0006] All three types of fuzes mentioned above are non-explosion-proof. Numerous incidents of chamber, muzzle, and ballistic explosions have occurred during production and use, leading to their suspension from production and use for many years. The equipment industry urgently needs medium- and large-caliber ammunition with guaranteed safety, primarily addressing fuze safety.

[0007] Chinese Patent No. 202110701301.7 discloses a safe, mechanically triggered fuze for large-caliber explosive projectiles. The fuze comprises a casing, a shaping ring, a percussion trigger and self-destruct mechanism, a flexible band, a flameproof and delayed-arm safety mechanism, an opening ring, and a recoil safety mechanism that also serves as a detonator tube. The percussion trigger and self-destruct mechanism utilizes an integrated structure, enabling both percussive triggering and ignition upon impact with the target, as well as a self-destruct function. The flameproof and delayed-arm safety mechanism is a ball rotor, which normally maintains the detonator in a flameproof state and provides a delayed-arm safety function after the fuze is armed. The recoil safety mechanism and centrifugal safety mechanism provide redundant safety features for the ball rotor. This fuze boasts a simple structure, fully utilizing the fuze space, and incorporates flameproof, redundant safety features, delayed-arm flameproof, self-destruct, and self-neutralization functions, making it equally suitable for small-caliber artillery grenades.

[0008] Chinese Patent No. 201811463502.2 discloses a mechanically triggered fuze for large-caliber smoothbore explosive rounds, comprising a head trigger mechanism, a body, a slide, a recoil safety mechanism, and a detonator tube. The head trigger mechanism can be used for both large-caliber and small-caliber artillery rounds, effectively resolving the conflict between drop safety and trigger sensitivity, ground-blow, wide-angle detonation, and reliability. The fuze utilizes a clearance between the slide and the body to dampen the slide's outward movement, achieving explosion-proof safety and delayed release. Radial restraint provided by the cartridge case and barrel inner wall provides a contact safety mechanism. The "contact safety" mechanism, formed by the recoil safety and the cartridge case's restraint, meets redundant safety requirements. This fuze is designed for the safe detonation of explosive rounds used in smoothbore rifles. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention provides a safe, medium-caliber explosive round with a warhead-activated mechanical fuze. This round utilizes a ball rotor mechanism to achieve both explosion isolation and delayed release. A split ring centrifugal safety mechanism and a safety ring recoil safety mechanism provide redundant safety features, ensuring safety during both handling and firing. During normal firing, the centrifugal force generated by the high rotational speed causes the split ring to deform and expand along a prefabricated weak point in the middle. The recoil force generated by the overloaded firing causes the recoil safety ring to deform and sink, releasing the safety on the isolation ball. The isolation ball, together with the flame detonator within it, forms a ball rotor that rotates to the right under the centrifugal torque, aligning the flame detonator axis with the fuze axis. This aligns the upper needle percussion cap and the lower squib, placing the fuze in a ready-to-fire state. After the bullet hits the target, the head of the bullet shell hits the target and deforms, squeezing the paraffin inside. The paraffin in turn squeezes the needle-piercing primer, causing it to ignite. Its weak detonation output acts on the outer end of the flame detonator in the isolation ball, igniting the flame detonator, and then detonating the flame detonator on the other side. The flame detonator on the other side then detonates the booster tube, and then detonates the explosive charge, completing the predetermined detonation.

[0010] The technical solution to realize the present invention is as follows: a safe medium-caliber explosive bullet with a warhead mechanical trigger fuze is composed of an explosive bullet and a warhead mechanical trigger fuze arranged in the explosive bullet; the whole bullet is divided into a head ignition module, a middle safety control and detonation module and a tail explosive charging module from front to back, the head ignition module includes the upper part of the warhead shell, the upper part of the fuze body, paraffin and a needle percussion cap; the middle safety control and detonation module includes the middle part of the warhead shell, the lower part of the fuze body, a ball rotor explosion-proof and delayed release explosion-proof mechanism composed of an isolation ball and two flame detonators installed in the inner cavity of the isolation ball, a safety ring recoil safety mechanism and a detonation sequence composed of a detonator shell, a first reinforcement cap and detonator powder installed in the detonator shell, a recoil safety ring, and a ball seat, so as to And an open ring centrifugal safety mechanism composed of an open ring, a ball seat and a fuze body; the tail explosive charge module includes the lower part of the warhead shell, the projectile body, the explosive charge in the projectile body, the lead sleeve between the projectile body and the warhead shell, and the second reinforcement cap at the outer end of the explosive charge; wherein, the projectile body is the structural main body of the explosive bullet, the fuze body is the structural main body of the mechanical trigger fuze of the explosive bullet warhead, and the various component modules are mainly arranged along the axis and structurally integrated by the warhead shell; the central safety control and detonation module with explosion-proof, redundant insurance and delayed release explosion-proof functions is arranged in combination from top to bottom in the tail inner hole of the fuze body, realizing the insurance function and spatial explosion-proof function of the flame detonator in the isolation ball; the tail explosive charge module is the warhead of the explosive bullet, used to destroy the target.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0012] (1) The fuze has explosion-proof, redundant insurance and delayed release explosion-proof functions. The explosive used is a permitted explosive, which meets the relevant requirements of GJB373B-2019 "Fuze Safety Design Guidelines" and can ensure service handling and use safety.

[0013] (2) The entire warhead adopts an integrated fuze and warhead design, with the warhead shell covering the outside. It has a simple structure, high warhead strength, good safety, and easy reliability.

[0014] (3) The wax extrusion ignition mechanism in the head can reliably ignite various targets at various orientations (i.e., various angles of impact) and at high and low impact speeds. However, after an accidental misfire, it is difficult to re-ignite in a reliable explosive ordnance disposal environment, making it safe for use in the explosive ordnance disposal of unexploded ordnance.

[0015] (4) The design of the cross-shaped detonation channel inside the isolation ball and the selection of bidirectional input detonators can achieve the fire-extinguishing effect when the ball rotor's normal movement is accidentally not started, and also improve the safety of explosive disposal of unexploded ordnance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a safe medium-caliber explosive bullet with a warhead mechanical trigger fuze along an axial section.

[0017] Among them, 1 is the warhead shell, 2 is the needle percussion cap, 3 is the fuse body, 4 is the isolation ball, 5 is the recoil safety ring, 6 is the first reinforcement cap, 7 is the ball seat, 8 is the detonator shell, 9 is the lead sleeve, 10 is the explosive charge, 11 is the projectile body, 12 is the second reinforcement cap, 13 is the detonator, 14 is the open ring, 15 is the flame detonator, and 16 is paraffin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Combine Figure 1The present invention relates to a safe medium-caliber explosive bullet with a warhead mechanical trigger fuze, which is composed of an explosive bullet and a warhead mechanical trigger fuze arranged in the explosive bullet; the entire bullet is divided into a head ignition module, a middle safety control and detonation module and a tail explosive charging module from front to back, the head ignition module includes an upper part of a warhead shell 1, an upper part of a fuze body 3, paraffin 16 and a needle percussion cap 2; the middle safety control and detonation module includes a middle part of a warhead shell 1, a lower part of a fuze body 3, a ball rotor explosion-proof and delayed release explosion-proof mechanism consisting of an isolation ball 4 and two flame detonators 15 installed in the inner cavity of the isolation ball 4, a detonator shell 8, and a detonator shell 8 installed in the detonator shell 8. The safety ring recoil safety mechanism composed of the first reinforcement cap 6 and the explosive 13, the recoil safety ring 5, and the ball seat 7 also serves as the detonation sequence, and the open ring centrifugal safety mechanism composed of the open ring 14, the ball seat 7 and the fuze body 3; the tail explosive charge module includes the lower part of the warhead shell 1, the projectile 11, the explosive charge 10 in the projectile body 11, the lead sleeve 9 between the projectile body 11 and the warhead shell 1 and the second reinforcement cap 12 at the outer end of the explosive charge 10; wherein, the projectile body 11 is the structural main body of the explosive bullet, and the fuze body 3 is the structural main body of the mechanical trigger fuze of the explosive bullet warhead. The various component modules are mainly arranged along the axis and are structurally integrated by the warhead shell 1.

[0020] The bullet casing 1 is a body of revolution with a streamlined outer contour. The lead sleeve 9 between the bullet casing 1 and the projectile body 11 is used to impart rotation to the bullet through plastic deformation of the bullet casing, engaging with the inner rifling of the barrel. The inner contour of the fuze body 3 is a six-step stepped through hole, which, from top to bottom along the central axis, are the first-step hole, the second-step hole, the third-step hole, the fourth-step hole, the fifth-step hole, and the sixth-step hole. The needle-piercing perforator 2 is set in the first-step hole and fixed at the hole mouth by spot riveting. The second-step hole has the smallest inner diameter and serves as the fire transmission channel between the head ignition module and the central safety control and detonation module. During the fuze assembly process, this axial fire transmission channel checks the correct assembly of the isolation ball 4 before the needle-piercing perforator 2 is installed. The paraffin wax 16 located in the bullet shell 1 is an incompressible medium. It will melt into a liquid state under the action of aerodynamic heat during the flight of the bullet, so it will effectively transmit the target impact pressure to the input end of the needle primer 2, thereby ensuring reliable firing against various targets at high, medium and low impact speeds, large impact angles and ground-grazing postures.

[0021] The needle-piercing primer 2 is designed for weak detonation output, and the flame detonator 15 is designed for output at the outer end and axial flame needle input at the inner end, but the inner end radially and the outer end axially receive the weak detonation output of the needle-piercing primer 2 in the fuze structure and can also reliably ignite. The output power of the flame detonator 15 is formed by igniting another flame detonator 15 from the outside to the inside; the above structural design ensures normal ignition in the released safety state and absolute fire ignition in the accidental non-release safety state, thereby ensuring the safety of explosives handling in the accidental misfire state of the fuze.

[0022] The second-step hole and the third-step hole in the inner contour of the fuze body 3 are transitioned by an arc, forming a nearly hemispherical cavity, which is the space for the isolation ball 4, i.e., the ball rotor, to be accommodated and moved; a symmetrical transverse hole is provided in the isolation ball 4, i.e., the two holes are of the same size and shape, coaxial, and the axis passes through the center of the ball, for placing a flame detonator 15 in each; the two flame detonators 15 have the same specifications, and the input ends are arranged inward in the above-mentioned transverse holes and fixed by point rivets; a first center hole is provided coaxially with the axis of the two transverse holes, and the inner diameter of the first center hole is smaller than that of the two transverse holes and connects the transverse holes, which is the mutual fire transmission channel of the two flame detonators 15; above the first center hole, a second center hole is provided coaxially or nearly coaxially along the direction of the fuze axis, the second center hole is perpendicular to the first center hole and connects the first center hole and the two transverse holes; the outer contour of the isolation ball 4 is not a complete sphere. In addition to the two transverse holes for placing the flame detonators 15 and then riveting them to form the left and right end faces, a small ball notch is also cut off from the lower part of the isolation ball 4 to form the lower end face for matching with the recoil safety ring 5. The fuse body 3 and the ball seat 7 are connected in a closed manner, which saves axial size.

[0023] The ball seat 7 is a rotating body, and the space between its upper end surface and the quasi-hemispherical space in the inner cavity of the fuze body 3 is the movement cavity of the ball rotor, that is, the isolation ball 4; the outer contour of the ball seat 7 is a five-step stepped shaft, which is the first-step shaft, the second-step shaft, the third-step shaft, the fourth-step shaft and the fifth-step shaft from top to bottom. The first-step shaft cooperates with the fifth-step hole of the above-mentioned fuze body 3, and the second-step shaft cooperates with the sixth-step hole of the above-mentioned fuze body 3. The bottom end of the fuze body 3 is riveted inwardly to the step surface between the second-step shaft and the third-step shaft, and together they realize alignment. The ball seat 7 is axially limited. A first blind hole is cut upward at the bottom of the ball seat 7, and a groove is dug at the center of the top of the ball seat 7 to form an upper ball socket. The upper ball socket is part of the space for the ball rotor, or isolation ball 4, to accommodate and move. The upper ball socket is connected to the first blind hole. The first blind hole is internally threaded. The upper end face of the recoil safety ring 5 abuts the bottom of the first blind hole, and the lower end face abuts the top face of the explosive tube shell 8. Simultaneously, it supports the lower end face (spherical notch) of the isolation ball 4, or the ball rotor, limiting its rotation and implementing the recoil safety function. The explosive tube shell 8 is also a rotating body, with a second blind hole cut downward on its top face. The first reinforcing cap 6 is pressed against the explosive charge 13, and both are located together in the second blind hole. The explosive tube shell 8 is connected to the ball seat 7 via the internal thread in the first blind hole.

[0024] The open ring 14 is arranged in the annular cavity between the ball seat 7 and the fuze body 3, coaxial with the cylindrical surface on the isolation ball 4, with its upper end face against the isolation ball 4 and the lower end face against the upper end face of the ball seat 7; the fuze body 3, the isolation ball 4, the flame detonator 15 and the ball seat 7 constitute a ball rotor explosion-proof and delayed release explosion-proof mechanism; normally the open ring 14 fixes the isolation ball 4 and cannot rotate, the isolation ball 4, the open ring 14 and the ball seat 7 constitute the open ring centrifugal safety mechanism of the ball rotor explosion-proof and delayed release explosion-proof mechanism, which is the first line of insurance; the isolation ball 4, the recoil safety ring 5, the explosive tube shell 8 and the ball seat 7 constitute the safety ring recoil safety mechanism, which is the second line of insurance; the fuze body 3 and the isolation ball 4, the recoil safety ring 5, the first reinforcement cap 6, the ball seat 7, the explosive tube shell 8, the explosive 13, the open ring 14 and the flame detonator 15 inside it together constitute a safety control and initiation module.

[0025] The tail of the ammunition is the explosive charge module, that is, the warhead; the projectile body 11 is a rotating body, and the bottom end of the projectile body 11 is fixed in the bullet shell 1 by riveting; the lead sleeve 9 is arranged between the projectile body 11 and the bullet shell 1, mainly used to engage with the rifling of the gun barrel to give the bullet rotation, and also has a sealing and moisture-proof function; the inner contour of the projectile body 11 is a three-step blind hole, with the opening facing upward, and along the axis from top to bottom are the seventh-step hole, the eighth-step hole and the ninth-step hole. The inner diameter of the seventh-step hole is slightly larger than the eighth-step hole, and the seventh-step hole cooperates with the fifth-step axis of the ball seat 7; the second reinforcement cap 12 is pressed on the explosive charge 10, and the two are commonly arranged in the eighth-step hole and the ninth-step hole.

[0026] The warhead casing 1 is machined to be thinner from the inside to improve the sensitivity of the fuze's impact triggering. Encasing the entire warhead (including the fuze) with the casing 1 ensures a strong warhead structure, safe handling, and high reliability. The casing 1 and fuze body 3 form a composite partition structure, which facilitates explosion-proof fuze safety.

[0027] The factory state of the explosive gun is the safety state, and the three modules are all wrapped in the warhead shell 1, including the head ignition module, the middle safety control and detonation module and the tail explosive charging module; the open ring 14 and the recoil safety ring 5 fix the isolation ball 4 so that it cannot rotate; in this state, the flame detonator 15 installed in the isolation ball 4 is misaligned with the explosive charge 13, that is, the open ring 14, the recoil safety ring 5 and the explosive tube shell 8 secure the flame detonator 15 in the explosion-proof position, and the ammunition is in a safe state.

[0028] During the operational handling phase of the explosive round, reliable transportation, drops, bumps, and various tactical maneuvers will not cause the split ring 14 and recoil safety ring 5 to release the isolation ball 4, and the flame detonator 15 within the isolation ball 4 remains in an explosion-proof state. Under these circumstances, the possibility of accidental explosion of the poly-black-14 booster charge is considered nonexistent. Even if the flame detonator 15 were to accidentally ignite, it would not detonate or ignite the booster charge 13 or the explosive charge 10, nor would it produce any dangerous fragments. Therefore, the round is considered safe.

[0029] The working process of the safe medium-caliber explosive bullet with a warhead mechanical trigger fuze described in the present invention is as follows:

[0030] After firing an explosive round, near the point of maximum bore pressure, recoil overload causes the recoil safety ring 5 to sink and plastically deform, releasing the isolation ball 4. Due to the recoil overload, the split ring 14 presses against the upper end surface of the ball seat 7, preventing it from opening. The isolation ball 4 is also pressed into the upper socket of the ball seat 7, preventing it from rotating. As the bullet approaches the muzzle, the recoil overload decreases dramatically. The friction generated by the recoil is insufficient to counteract the centrifugal force, or the frictional torque is insufficient to counteract the centrifugal torque. Centrifugal force causes the split ring 14 to plastically deform at its weak center, causing its two petals to open. This releases the split ring's centrifugal safety mechanism, releasing the isolation ball 4, or the ball rotor. At this point, both safety mechanisms are released. After that, the isolation ball 4 with two safety devices is released and gradually turns positive under the action of centrifugal torque to overcome the centrifugal, recoil or creeping friction torque, that is, the explosion-proof state of the flame detonator 15 is released. The flame detonator 15 is aligned with the upper and lower explosion-transmitting channels. At this time, the needle-piercing primer 2 is above it, the explosive charge 13 is below it, and the explosive charge 10 is at the bottom. The explosion sequence of the explosive bullet is turned on, and it is in a ready-to-fire state after the explosion-proof is released.

[0031] After the explosive bullet hits the target, the paraffin 16 transmits the target impact force to the input end of the needle primer 2, the needle primer 2 ignites, and detonates the flame detonator 15 through the second-stage hole. The flame detonator 15 explodes, penetrates the first reinforcement cap 6 and detonates the explosive charge 13, and the explosive charge 13 penetrates the bottom of the detonator tube shell 8 and the second reinforcement cap 12, and then detonates the explosive charge 10, and the explosive bullet completes the predetermined explosion effect.

[0032] If the recoil safety ring 5 is accidentally not released, it will not allow the isolation ball 4 to rotate, and the isolation ball 4 will not be released. Regardless of whether the split ring 14 is properly released, the isolation ball 4 will remain in the assembled position (explosion-proof state), and the detonation sequence will not be aligned. After the explosive round impacts the target, the needle percussion cap 2 will detonate the flame detonator 15 in the assembled position through the second center hole in the isolation ball 4, which is perpendicular to the axis of the flame detonator. At this time, the fuze loses its normal detonation function and enters the fire-proof state in the explosion-proof position, ensuring the safe disposal of unexploded bombs caused by fuze misfires.

[0033] If the open ring 14 is not accidentally released, the isolation ball 4 will also be in the assembly position (explosion-proof state), and its subsequent effects and results are the same as above.

[0034] During the service handling stage and the firing process, if the needle primer 2 accidentally ignites, the flame detonator 15 in the assembly position will be detonated through the fire transmission channel perpendicular to the axis of the flame detonator on the isolation ball 4, that is, the second center hole. At this time, the fuze loses its normal detonation function, the fuze is explosion-proof and safe, and enters a fire-proof state, which can ensure the safety of explosive disposal of unexploded ammunition.

[0035] During the service handling stage and the launching process, if the flame detonator 15 ignites accidentally, the isolation ball 4 will not be released under the combined action of the recoil safety ring 5 and the opening ring 14. The isolation ball 4 is in a structural dislocation and functional explosion-proof state, and the detonation sequence cannot be aligned. The flame detonator 15 will only explode in the inner cavity of the isolation ball 4. The detonation is blocked by the isolation ball 4 and cannot be transmitted downward, so it will not detonate the explosive 13 and explosive charge 10 below it, thereby ensuring the explosion-proof safety of the fuze and the safety of explosive handling.

[0036] If the isolation ball 4 is accidentally misaligned, resulting in a structurally misaligned and functionally flameproof state, the detonation sequence cannot be aligned. After the explosive round impacts the target, the needle percussion cap 2 will still fire normally, but it may not detonate the flame detonator 15 within the misaligned isolation ball 4. If detonation is successful, the fuze is flameproof and safe, entering a fire-free state, thus ensuring the safe disposal of unexploded ordnance caused by a misfire. If detonation is unsuccessful, the flame detonator 15 within the isolation ball 4 will no longer fire because the needle percussion cap 2 has been removed as a donor. Therefore, the fuze enters a self-destructive state, ensuring the safe disposal of unexploded ordnance caused by a misfire.

[0037] If the needle percussion cap 2 accidentally fails to fire when the explosive round hits the target, the flame detonator 15 below it will not be detonated. Since the needle percussion cap 2 is not triggered by the firing pin, but is triggered by high-speed collision with the target through the transmission effect of the paraffin wax 16, and the collision process after hitting the target is completed, the collision speed no longer reaches hundreds of meters per second, so the needle percussion cap 2 will not fire again, thus ensuring the safety of the explosive ordnance disposal.

Claims

1. A safe medium-caliber explosive bullet with a warhead mechanical trigger fuze, characterized by: The invention is composed of an explosive bullet and a warhead mechanical trigger fuze arranged in the explosive bullet; the whole bullet is divided into a head ignition module, a middle safety control and detonation module and a tail explosive charging module from front to back, wherein the head ignition module comprises an upper part of a warhead shell (1), an upper part of a fuze body (3), paraffin wax (16) and a needle percussion cap (2); the middle safety control and detonation module comprises a middle part of a warhead shell (1), a lower part of a fuze body (3), a ball rotor explosion-proof and delayed release explosion-proof mechanism composed of an isolation ball (4) and two flame detonators (15) installed in the inner cavity of the isolation ball (4), a detonator shell (8), a first reinforcement cap (6) and a detonator (13) installed in the detonator shell (8), a rear explosive charging module and a rear explosive charging module. A safety ring recoil safety mechanism and a detonation sequence composed of a safety ring (5) and a ball seat (7), and an open ring centrifugal safety mechanism composed of an open ring (14), a ball seat (7) and a fuze body (3); the tail explosive charge module includes the lower part of the warhead shell (1), the projectile body (11), the explosive charge (10) in the projectile body (11), the lead sleeve (9) between the projectile body (11) and the warhead shell (1), and a second reinforcing cap (12) at the outer end of the explosive charge (10); wherein the projectile body (11) is the structural main body of the explosive bullet, and the fuze body (3) is the structural main body of the explosive bullet warhead mechanical trigger fuze, and each component module is arranged along an axis and structurally integrated by the warhead shell (1); The paraffin wax (16) is arranged between the warhead shell (1) and the fuze body (3) and is located at the top of the head of the warhead shell (1). The needle percussion cap (2) is riveted into the stepped hole at the upper end of the fuze body (3), followed by an axial fire transmission channel. The axial fire transmission channel leads to the inner cavity of the fuze, that is, the central safety control and detonation module located in the fuze. During the fuze assembly process, the axial fire transmission channel is used to check the assembly correctness of the isolation ball (4) before the needle percussion cap (2) is installed. The paraffin wax (16) located in the warhead shell (1) is an incompressible medium and will melt into a liquid state under the action of aerodynamic heat, thereby transmitting the target impact pressure to the needle percussion cap (2), thereby ensuring reliable ignition under large angle and ground-rubbing postures.

2. A safe medium-caliber explosive bullet with a warhead mechanical trigger fuze according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuse body (3) and the ball seat (7) are connected in a closing manner, which saves axial dimensions.

3. The safe medium-caliber explosive bullet with a warhead mechanical trigger fuze according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuze is located in the warhead, and the warhead shell (1) covers the entire warhead. The warhead structure is firm, service handling safety is good, and reliability is high. The warhead shell (1) and the fuze body (3) form a composite partition structure, which is conducive to achieving explosion-proof safety.

4. The safe medium-caliber explosive bullet with a warhead mechanical trigger fuze according to claim 1, characterized in that: The needle-piercing primer (2) is designed to output weak detonation, and the flame detonator (15) is designed to output at the outer end and input flame needles at the inner end axially. However, the weak detonation output of the needle-piercing primer (2) can also be reliably ignited by the inner end radially and the outer end axially receiving the weak detonation output. The output power of the flame detonator (15) is formed by igniting and detonating another flame detonator (15) from the outside to the inside. It can ensure normal ignition in the released state and absolute ignition in the accidental non-released state, thereby ensuring the safety of explosives handling in the accidental misfire state of the fuze.

5. The safe medium-caliber explosive bullet with a warhead mechanical trigger fuze according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall thickness of the warhead shell (1) is thinned to improve the sensitivity of the fuze impact triggering.

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