Composite material prop with mortise and tenon structure and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of bullet carriers and relates to a preparation method of a composite material bullet carrier with a mortise and tenon structure. The structure of the bullet carrier is divided into a tooth shaft part and a saddle part. The tooth shaft part and the saddle part are connected by means of a mortise and tenon structure and a gluing mode. The back of the tooth shaft part is pre-prepared with a tenon structure, and the layers of the tooth shaft part adopt radial layers. The saddle part has a mortise structure matched with the tenon structure, and the two parts are then cured. The structure designed in the application can improve the phenomenon that the integral molding material sheet is easily naturally bent due to the uneven material thickness and the unbalanced gravity under the action of external pressure, the spare position is generated in the product interior or the outer surface, and the local material sheet is bent. The component molding can greatly enlarge the anti-deformation advantage of the narrow material sheet, improve the structural strength requirements of the bullet carrier shaft body windward curved surface, pressure bearing curved surface and non-equal thickness structure area, and reduce the layering process difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sabot technology, and specifically relates to a composite material sabot with a tenon and mortise structure and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Composite material sabots have become a top research focus in China. Previous research has revealed that one-piece molded sabots suffer from poor stability. The large size and width of the one-piece molded material sheets make them prone to uneven thickness and weight imbalance under external pressure, leading to gaps on the internal or external surfaces and causing localized bending. Furthermore, the sabot shaft contains windward and pressure-bearing curved surfaces, as well as areas of uneven thickness, making the ply structure design challenging. Therefore, a solution is needed that meets product structural strength requirements while reducing ply process complexity and improving production efficiency. Three-dimensional braided sabots theoretically meet the overall performance requirements, but the cost would at least double.

[0003] Therefore, in order to improve the overall strength and stability of the product while ensuring cost stability, a new connection structure and process are urgently needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a composite material sabot with a mortise and tenon structure and its preparation method, which solves the problems of poor processability and low stability of the current one-piece molded sabot.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for preparing a composite material bullet holder with a mortise and tenon structure, the composite material bullet holder comprising a toothed shaft component and a saddle component; the toothed shaft component and the saddle component are connected by a mortise and tenon structure, the back of the toothed shaft component is prefabricated with a tenon structure; the saddle component has a mortise structure that matches the tenon structure;

[0007] The preparation method of the composite material sabot specifically includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Cut the fiber prepreg according to the cutting diagram of the gear shaft component, lay up the fiber according to the radial superposition layering design, and make the blank;

[0009] S2. Cut the fiber prepreg according to the saddle part cutting diagram to make the saddle part blank;

[0010] S3. Place the blank at the bottom and the blank of the saddle part at the top, and close the mold.

[0011] S4. Then place the molded parts into the mold, put them on the molding machine, and demold them after curing to obtain a composite material spring support with a tenon and mortise structure.

[0012] Further, in S1, after the blank is obtained, the blank is first cured, after the first curing is completed, roughening is performed, the surface release agent is removed, and a roughened pinion part is obtained; in S3, the roughened pinion part and the saddle part blank are molded and secondarily cured to obtain a composite material carrier.

[0013] Further, the process of first curing the blank is:

[0014] The blank is placed in the mold and placed on the molding machine, the pressure of the press is adjusted to 5-10 MPa, the temperature is raised to 80-100 DEG C, and after pressure maintaining for 0.5-1.5 h, multiple exhausts are performed under the pressure, and then the temperature is raised to 135-150 DEG C, and after pressure maintaining for 60-180 min, natural cooling is performed, and the curing is completed.

[0015] Further, the process of secondarily curing the roughened saddle part blank is:

[0016] When the saddle part is a continuous fiber prepreg, the second curing system is: the pressure of the press is adjusted to 5-10 MPa, the temperature is raised to 80-100 DEG C, and after pressure maintaining for 0.5-1.5 h, multiple exhausts are performed under the pressure, and then the temperature is raised to 135-150 DEG C, and after pressure maintaining for 60-180 min, natural cooling is performed.

[0017] When the saddle part is a chopped fiber prepreg, the second curing system is: the pressure of the press is adjusted to 5-10 MPa, the temperature is raised to 80-130 DEG C, and after pressure maintaining for 0.5-3 h, natural cooling is performed.

[0018] Further, the process of roughening is:

[0019] The surface of the back connecting structure of the pinion part is roughened with sandpaper to obtain a roughened pinion part.

[0020] Further, S1 is specifically: the number and structure of the tenon structure provided on the back of the pinion part are determined according to the bore pressure borne by the product and the product shape;

[0021] The pinion part uses radial superimposed layering.

[0022] Further, S2 is specifically: the pinion part uses radial superimposed layering, uses continuous fibers, and is molded using a molding process;

[0023] Or is molded or injection molded using a chopped prepreg.

[0024] Further, in S4, before the pinion part and the saddle part are molded and placed in the mold, complete pieces are laid on both sides of the lower mold near the pinna.

[0025] Further, the tooth shaft component is a single whole, and the saddle component is divided into at least one part according to design requirements.

[0026] The mortise-tenon structure between the tooth shaft component and the saddle component adopts the same structure or multiple different structures, and the size is adjusted according to the structure design.

[0027] The application further discloses a composite material cartridge with a mortise-tenon structure, which is prepared by the preparation method and comprises a tooth shaft component and a saddle component; the tooth shaft component and the saddle component are connected by means of a mortise-tenon structure; the back of the tooth shaft component is preformed with a tenon structure; and the saddle component is provided with a mortise structure matched with the tenon structure.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0029] The application discloses a preparation method of a composite material cartridge with a mortise-tenon structure, which is characterized in that the structure of the cartridge is divided into parts, and the parts are cut into pieces, including a tooth shaft component and a saddle component; the back of the tooth shaft component is provided with an outer connecting structure; the layers of the tooth shaft component are arranged in a radial manner; the saddle component is provided with an inner connecting structure matched with the outer connecting structure of the tooth shaft component; and the two components are then combined and cured.

[0030] Further, the tooth shaft component is first cured, and then combined with the saddle component to perform secondary pressing and curing, so that the structural strength of the product is ensured, and the process is easy to control.

[0031] Further, the tooth shaft component and the saddle component are pre-pressed into a blank but not cured, and the obtained blank is placed in a complete cavity for primary curing; the connection surface of the primary molding product has high stability, and the molding speed is faster than that of the first type.

[0032] The application further discloses a composite material cartridge with a mortise-tenon structure, the back of the tooth shaft component is preformed with a tenon structure, also referred to as an outer connecting structure; the saddle component is provided with a mortise structure matched with the tenon structure, also referred to as an inner connecting structure; and the tooth shaft component and the saddle component are connected by means of a mortise-tenon structure and a gluing mode, so that the components have good tensile and anti-pulling performance, and the overall performance of the structure is effectively enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 End view of the composite propelling charge of the present application with mortise and tenon structure.

[0034] Figure 2 End view of the composite propelling charge of the present application with mortise and tenon structure.

[0035] Figure 3 Radial layering diagram.

[0036] Figure 4 Part exploded diagram of the present application.

[0037] Figure 5 Different mortise and tenon connection structure diagram of the present application.

[0038] Wherein, 1, pinion component; 2, saddle component; 3, sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the following will be further described in detail in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application, that is, the described examples are only a part of the examples of the present application, but not all examples.

[0040] The components described and shown in the drawings and examples of the present application can be arranged and designed in various different configurations, therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the following drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents a selected embodiment of the present application. Based on the drawings and examples of the present application, all other examples obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] It should be noted that the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, element, method, article or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes the elements inherent in the process, element, method, article or equipment.

[0042] The composite propelling charge with mortise and tenon structure produced by the present application is divided into types according to the structure of the propelling charge, such as Figure 1 and 2As shown, including the tooth shaft component 1 and saddle component 2, adopt sub-component blanking, the tooth shaft component 1 back is provided with outer connecting structure, the layer of tooth shaft component 1 is used radial layering;The saddle component 2 has the inner connecting structure with the tooth shaft component 1 engagement, the layer of saddle component 2 can use radial superposition layering research, also can use short cut material die pressing or injection molding and form.

[0043] Tooth shaft component 1 and saddle component 2 rely on mortise and tenon structure and glue joint mode form component connection, this kind of configuration makes component have good tensile and anti-pulling performance, can effectively enhance the overall performance of structure.The back of tooth shaft component 1 is prefabricated with tenon structure, also called outer connecting structure;Saddle component 2 has mortise structure matching tenon structure, also called inner connecting structure.

[0044] As shown in Figure 4 Tooth shaft component 1 is a single whole, saddle component 2 can be decomposed into one part, or two parts, three parts or four parts according to design requirements, or more;As shown in Figure 5 The mortise and tenon structure between tooth shaft component 1 and saddle component 2 is not limited to one or more simultaneous use, the size can be adjusted according to the structure design.

[0045] The present application provides a kind of preparation method of composite material shell support with mortise and tenon structure described above, comprising the following steps:

[0046] 1) according to the structure and use condition requirement of shell support product, product structure is designed, and the type position is combined with product structure and the size of using piece of size under forming pressure not deformed dimension determination;The number and structure of connecting structure are determined according to the bore pressure of product and product modeling, and the number and connecting structure type can be freely designed;

[0047] 2) tooth shaft component 1 layering uses radial superposition layering, uses continuous fiber, and the number of modules can be self-made according to the thickness of using piece design;

[0048] 3) saddle component 2 layering uses radial superposition layering research, can use continuous fiber prepreg, and the number of modules can be self-made according to the thickness of using piece design, and is pressed into shape using die pressing process;

[0049] Also can use high-strength short-cut fiber prepreg to die press or injection molding and form, according to the pressing intensity, density, volume, control the feeding amount of short-cut prepreg;

[0050] 4) perform mold curing;Mold curing can have two kinds of mold closing ways;

[0051] The first kind: tooth shaft component 1 obtained in step 2) is first cured, then is molded with saddle component 2 and is secondarily pressed and cured after mold closing;

[0052] The second way: the tooth shaft part 1 obtained in step 2 and the saddle part 2 obtained in step 3 are pre-pressed into a blank but not solidified, and the obtained blank is placed in a complete cavity for one-time solidification;

[0053] Preferably, in the first way, the tooth shaft part 1 obtained in step 2 needs to be polished for roughening and removing the surface release agent; and the surface containing the outer connecting structure is pasted with a film;

[0054] Preferably, in order to increase the integrity of the appearance of the product and increase the bonding area between the tooth shaft part 1 and the saddle part 2, before the tooth shaft part 1 and the saddle part 2 are combined and placed into the lower mold, a certain thickness of a complete material sheet 3 is laid on both sides of the product, as shown in the lengthwise cross-sectional view of the product. Figure 1

[0055] Preferably, the solidification system of step 4 is selected according to the material of the saddle part 2.

[0056] When the saddle part 2 adopts continuous fiber prepreg, the solidification system is: the pressure is adjusted to 5-10 MPa, the temperature is raised to 80-100℃, and after pressure maintaining for 0.5-1.5 h, multiple exhausts are performed at the pressure, and then the temperature is raised to 135-150℃, the pressure is adjusted to 10-20 MPa, and after pressure maintaining for 60-180 min, natural cooling is performed, and then demolding is performed.

[0057] When the saddle part 2 adopts chopped fiber prepreg, the solidification system is: the pressure of the press is adjusted to 5-10 MPa, the temperature is raised to 80-130℃, and after pressure maintaining for 0.5-3 h, natural cooling is performed, and then demolding is performed.

[0058] The features and performances of the present application are further described in detail in combination with the following examples.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] The preparation method of the composite backrest with the back connecting structure comprises the following steps:

[0061] 1) According to the first way in the table 1, the product is divided into the tooth shaft part 1 and the saddle part 2 according to the size and structure of the product; Figure 4

[0062] 2) The inner connecting structure is arranged on the back of the tooth shaft part 1, the shapes of the inner connecting structure are selected as shown in a and b in the table 2, the inner connecting structures are arranged alternately, and the number of the connecting structures is finally set to 16; Figure 5

[0063] 3) The fiber prepreg is cut according to the blank drawing of the tooth shaft part 1, the layers are laid according to the radial layer design as shown in the table 3, and the blank of the tooth shaft part 1 is manufactured; Figure 3 ​​​​

[0064] 4) Put the tooth shaft part 1 blank into the mold, put it on the molding machine, adjust the pressure to 8 MPa, and the temperature to 90°C. After pressure maintaining for 1.5 h, 5 exhausts are performed at the pressure, then the temperature is raised to 135°C, the pressure is adjusted to 15 MPa, and after pressure maintaining for 180 min, natural cooling is performed, and then demolding is performed;

[0065] 5) After demolding, roughen the surface of the inner connecting structure of the back of the tooth shaft part 1 with 100 mesh sandpaper to obtain the roughened tooth shaft part 1;

[0066] 6) Cut the continuous fiber prepreg according to the blanking drawing of the saddle part 2, design the layers according to the radial superimposed layer design as shown in Figure 3 , and manufacture the saddle part 2 blank;

[0067] 7) Put the roughened tooth shaft part 1 obtained in step 5) below and the saddle part 2 blank obtained in step 6) above to perform co-molding;

[0068] 8) Put the cut pieces of the complete fiber prepreg on both sides of the lower mold, then put the co-molded part into the mold, put it on the molding machine, adjust the pressure to 8 MPa, and the temperature to 90°C. After pressure maintaining for 1.5 h, 5 exhausts are performed at the pressure, then the temperature is raised to 135°C, the pressure is adjusted to 15 MPa, and after pressure maintaining for 180 min, natural cooling is performed, and then demolding is performed, to obtain the composite spring support with mortise and tenon structure.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] 1) According to the product size and structure, the product is divided into two parts, i.e. the tooth shaft part 1 and the saddle part 2, according to the first method in Figure 4

[0071] 2) The inner connecting structure is arranged on the back of the tooth shaft part 1, and the shapes of the inner connecting structure are selected as shown in c and d in Figure 5 , which are arranged alternately, and the number of the connecting structures is finally set to 16;

[0072] 3) Cut the fiber prepreg according to the blanking drawing of the tooth shaft part 1, and design the layers according to the radial layer design, to manufacture the blank;

[0073] 4) Cut the fiber prepreg according to the blanking drawing of the saddle part 2, and design the layers according to the layer design, to manufacture the blank;

[0074] 5) Put the tooth shaft part 1 blank obtained in step 3) below and the saddle part 2 blank obtained in step 4) above to perform co-molding;

[0075] ​6) Put the preset complete fiber prepreg cutting piece 3 on both sides of the lower mold respectively, put the combined part into the mold, put it on the molding machine, adjust the pressure to 8 MPa, the temperature to 90℃, keep pressure for 1.5h, then exhaust 5 times under the pressure, then increase the temperature to 135℃, adjust the pressure to 15 MPa, keep pressure for 180min, then naturally cool down, demold, get the composite material prop with mortise and tenon structure.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] Different from example 1, the saddle part 2 uses short-cut fiber prepreg, the secondary curing in step 8) is: adjust the pressure of the molding machine to 5 MPa, the temperature to 110℃, keep pressure for 1h, then naturally cool down, demold.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application rather than limit it, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: the specific embodiments of the present application can still be modified or replaced by the equivalent, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, any modification or equivalent replacement should be covered in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of making a composite material prop with mortise and tenon joints, characterized in that, The composite propellant cartridge comprises a tooth shaft part (1) and a saddle part (2); the tooth shaft part (1) and the saddle part (2) are connected by means of a mortise-tenon structure, the back of the tooth shaft part (1) is pre-fabricated with a tenon structure; the saddle part (2) has a mortise structure matched with the tenon structure; The preparation method of the composite propellant cartridge comprises the following steps: S1, cutting the fiber prepreg according to the blanking drawing of the tooth shaft part (1), and designing the layering according to the radial superimposed layering to make the tooth shaft part (1) blank; S2, cutting the fiber prepreg according to the blanking drawing of the saddle part (2) to make the saddle part (2) blank; S3, placing the tooth shaft part (1) blank below and the saddle part (2) blank above to perform mold closing; S4, placing the closed part in the mold and on the molding machine, and then demolding after curing to obtain the composite propellant cartridge with the mortise-tenon structure; In S1, after obtaining the tooth shaft part (1) blank, the tooth shaft part (1) blank is first cured, then roughened after the first curing to remove the surface release agent, and the roughened tooth shaft part (1) is obtained; In S3, the roughened tooth shaft part (1) and the saddle part (2) blank are closed and secondarily cured to obtain the composite propellant cartridge; The process of first curing the tooth shaft part (1) blank is as follows: The tooth shaft part (1) blank is placed in the mold and on the molding machine, the pressure of the press is adjusted to 5-10 MPa, the temperature is raised to 80-100℃, and the pressure is kept for 0.5-1.5 h, then multiple exhausts are performed under the pressure, then the temperature is raised to 135-150℃, the pressure is kept for 60-180 min, and then the temperature is naturally lowered to complete the curing; The process of closing and secondarily curing the roughened tooth shaft part (1) and the saddle part (2) blank is as follows: When the saddle part (2) uses continuous fiber prepreg, the second curing system is as follows: the pressure of the press is adjusted to 5-10 MPa, the temperature is raised to 80-100℃, and the pressure is kept for 0.5-1.5 h, then multiple exhausts are performed under the pressure, then the temperature is raised to 135-150℃, the pressure is kept for 60-180 min, and then the temperature is naturally lowered; When the saddle part (2) uses short-cut fiber prepreg, the second curing system is as follows: the pressure of the press is adjusted to 5-10 MPa, the temperature is raised to 80-130℃, and the pressure is kept for 0.5-3 h, and then the temperature is naturally lowered; In S4, before the tooth shaft part (1) and the saddle part (2) are closed and placed in the mold, a complete piece of material (3) is laid on both sides of the lower mold near the tooth bud.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The roughening process is as follows: The surface of the back connecting structure of the tooth shaft part (1) is roughened with sandpaper to obtain the roughened tooth shaft part (1).

3. The method for preparing a composite material spring clip with a mortise and tenon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 is specifically as follows: the number and structure of the tenon structure provided on the back of the tooth shaft part (1) are determined according to the bore pressure borne by the product and the product modeling; The layering of the tooth shaft part (1) adopts radial superimposed layering.

4. The method for preparing a composite material spring clip with a mortise and tenon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, S2 is specifically as follows: the layering of the saddle part (2) adopts radial superimposed layering, continuous fibers are used, and molding process is used for molding; Or short-cut prepreg is used for molding or injection molding.

5. The method for preparing a composite material spring clip with a mortise and tenon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tooth shaft part (1) is a single whole, and the saddle part (2) is divided into at least one part according to design requirements; The mortise and tenon structure between the tooth shaft part (1) and the saddle part (2) adopts the same structure or multiple different structures, and the size is adjusted according to the structure design.

6. A composite material prop with mortise and tenon structure prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The composite material prop includes the tooth shaft part (1) and the saddle part (2); The tooth shaft part (1) and the saddle part (2) are connected by the mortise and tenon structure, the back of the tooth shaft part (1) is preformed with a tenon structure, and the saddle part (2) has a mortise structure matched with the tenon structure.

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