Four-axis turning method, electronic device, and machine-readable storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a four-axis turning machining method, an electronic device and a machine readable storage medium, the four-axis includes X-axis and U-axis which can make linear motion in horizontal direction, Z-axis which can make linear motion in vertical direction and C-axis which can make rotary motion; the machining method includes: constructing a cutting track; calculating the machine tool C-axis path, the machine tool Z-axis path and the superposition path of the machine tool X-axis and the machine tool U-axis according to a formula; planning the machine tool X-axis path; calculating the machine tool U-axis path according to the machine tool X-axis path and the superposition path of the machine tool X-axis and the machine tool U-axis; and generating the cutting track path based on the axis paths. The four-axis turning machining method can be applied to turning machining with large fluctuation in horizontal direction, and the machining efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC machining technology, and in particular to a four-axis turning method, electronic device, and machine-readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] The acceleration limitations of each axis of a CNC machine tool are often the main factor restricting machining efficiency. Currently, a common strategy to improve machining efficiency is to optimize the cutting path, making the movement of each axis as smooth as possible and reducing or lowering steep sections on the path. However, the cutting path is heavily dependent on the geometry of the workpiece, which means that abrupt changes in steep regions are often unavoidable in the cutting path.

[0003] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a four-axis turning method, an electronic device, and a machine-readable storage medium. This four-axis turning method is suitable for turning processes with large fluctuations in horizontal motion and can improve processing efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of the present invention provide a four-axis turning method, wherein the four axes include an X-axis and a U-axis capable of linear motion in the horizontal direction, a Z-axis capable of linear motion in the vertical direction, and a C-axis capable of rotational motion.

[0006] The machining method includes: constructing a cutting trajectory, wherein the coordinates of the i-th point in the cutting trajectory in the workpiece coordinate system are Pi(x) i y i , z i The corresponding machine tool axis path positions are (X... i U i Z i C i The machine tool's C-axis path, Z-axis path, and the superimposed path of the X-axis and U-axis are calculated based on the following formulas:

[0007]

[0008] Plan the X-axis path of the machine tool to enable smooth movement of the X-axis; calculate the U-axis path of the machine tool based on the X-axis path and the superimposed path of the X-axis and the U-axis; and generate the cutting trajectory path based on the paths of each axis.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the present application, the constructing the cutting trajectory comprises: generating the cutting trajectory by using software; and the cutting trajectory is a movement path of the tool relative to the model.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the present application, the planning the machine tool X-axis path to enable smooth movement of the machine tool X-axis comprises: planning the machine tool X-axis path to be linearly changed to obtain the machine tool X-axis path.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present application, the machine tool X-axis path is planned to be a straight line, i.e. i =a+i×b, wherein a and b are parameters for adjusting the movement path of the X-axis.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present application, the machine tool U-axis movement path is obtained according to the superimposed path of the machine tool X-axis and the machine tool U-axis: and the machine tool X-axis path: X i =a+i×b.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present application, the machine tool C-axis path is: the included angle between the projection of the connecting line of the cutting point and the origin of the workpiece coordinate system on the xoy plane of the workpiece coordinate system and the x-axis of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present application, the sum of the paths of the machine tool X-axis and the machine tool U-axis at each cutting point is equal to the distance from the cutting point to the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present application, the U-axis can move relative to the X-axis, and the movement acceleration of the U-axis is greater than the movement acceleration of the X-axis.

[0016] Embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the four-axis turning machining method described above.

[0017] Embodiments of the present application also provide a machine-readable storage medium storing executable instructions that, when executed, cause the machine to perform the four-axis turning machining method described above.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the four-axis turning machining method of the embodiments of the present application is suitable for turning machining with large fluctuations in horizontal direction movement, and can improve machining efficiency.

[0019] The four-axis turning method of the embodiment of the present application installs a high-speed linear module moving horizontally on the X-axis, and defines the high-speed linear module as the U-axis. The U-axis and the X-axis move relatively to each other and move linearly in the horizontal direction together. The Z-axis moves linearly in the vertical direction, and the part to be processed is fixed on the rotary table and rotates with the C-axis. The X-axis, the U-axis, the Z-axis and the C-axis constitute the four linkage axes of the four-axis turning method of the present application. The high-speed linear module (U-axis) has the characteristics of short stroke and large acceleration, and is suitable for turning processing with large fluctuations in the horizontal direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the four-axis turning method of the embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 is a motion trajectory diagram of the X-axis relative to the part to be processed in the four-axis turning method of the embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a model in a specific embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 4 is a cutting trajectory diagram according to the model in a specific embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0025] Unless otherwise explicitly stated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprise" or its variants such as "comprises" or "comprising" will be understood to encompass the stated element or components, but not to exclude the presence of other elements or components.

[0026] As described in the background, the acceleration limit of the movement of each axis of the numerical control machine tool is the main factor restricting the processing efficiency. In the prior art, the processing efficiency is improved by optimizing the cutting trajectory to make the movement of each axis as smooth as possible, and reducing or lowering steep positions on the path. However, the cutting trajectory is heavily dependent on the geometric characteristics of the part to be processed.

[0027] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application creatively proposes a four-axis turning method, which introduces a U-axis having a much larger acceleration than the X-axis, and the U-axis and the X-axis jointly bear the movement in the horizontal direction to improve the processing efficiency.

[0028] As Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a four-axis turning method, wherein the four-axis involved in the present application includes X-axis and U-axis which can move linearly in horizontal direction, Z-axis which can move linearly in vertical direction and C-axis which can rotate. U-axis can move relative to X-axis, and U-axis and X-axis jointly undertake movement in horizontal direction, and movement acceleration of U-axis is greater than that of X-axis.

[0029] The machining method includes: S1: constructing a cutting trajectory. The cutting trajectory is a spiral line winding on the model surface, and the spiral line is the movement path of the tool relative to the model. The cutting trajectory can be generated by using commercial CAM software. Wherein, the coordinate of the i-th cutting point in the workpiece coordinate system is Pi(xi, yi, zi), and the corresponding machine tool axis path position is (Xi, Ui, Zi, Ci). The origin of the workpiece coordinate system is the highest point of the center of the part to be machined, that is, if viewed from the xoy plane, it is the center point of the part to be machined, and it is also the highest point (Z value maximum point) on the part to be machined, as shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 3 .

[0030] S2: Calculate the machine tool C-axis path, the machine tool Z-axis path and the superimposed path of the machine tool X-axis and the machine tool U-axis according to the following relationship formula:

[0031]

[0032] The sum of the paths of the machine tool X-axis and the machine tool U-axis at each cutting point i is equal to the distance from the cutting point i to the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, that is The machine tool C-axis path is the included angle between the projection of the connecting line between the cutting point i and the origin of the workpiece coordinate system on the xoy plane of the workpiece coordinate system and the x-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, that is i = atan2(y i , x i ).

[0033] S3: Plan the machine tool X-axis path to enable the machine tool X-axis to move smoothly. In this embodiment, the maximum acceleration allowed by the X-axis is much smaller than the maximum acceleration allowed by the U-axis, so when the paths of the X-axis and the U-axis are allocated, the X-axis path should be as smooth as possible to avoid shaking. The preferred way is that the X-axis path changes linearly, and at this time the movement trajectory of the X-axis relative to the model is a circular spiral line, as shown in Figure 2 .

[0034] S4: Calculate the machine tool U-axis path according to the machine tool X-axis path and the superimposed path of the machine tool X-axis and the machine tool U-axis. After obtaining the machine tool X-axis path, the machine tool U-axis path can be calculated:

[0035] S5: Generate the cutting trajectory path based on the axis paths.

[0036] In order to more clearly describe the principles of the present application, the implementation process of the present application will be explained in detail through a specific embodiment.

[0037] The part to be machined in this embodiment is a rectangular plane, as shown in Figure 3 .

[0038] First, the cutting trajectory is constructed according to the shape of the part to be machined, as shown in Figure 4 .

[0039] The cutting trajectory is a collection of cutting point columns, and the data of each cutting point includes three-dimensional coordinates in the workpiece coordinate system, i.e. P i = (x i , y i , z i ), wherein i represents the cutting point number.

[0040] Secondly, the paths of each axis of the machine tool are calculated.

[0041] In this embodiment, since the part to be machined is a plane, the movement path of the Z axis of the machine tool is always 0, i.e. Z i = 0.

[0042] The C axis of the machine tool is the angle between the projection of the connecting line between the cutting point i and the origin of the workpiece coordinate system on the xoy plane of the workpiece coordinate system and the x axis of the workpiece coordinate system, i.e. C i = atan2 (y i , x i ).

[0043] The sum of the paths of the X axis and the U axis of the machine tool at each cutting point i is equal to the distance from the cutting point i to the z axis of the workpiece coordinate system, i.e. Since the acceleration of the movement of the X axis of the machine tool is low, the movement path of the X axis of the machine tool can be planned as a straight line, i.e. X i = a + i x b. In the formula, a and b are parameters for adjusting the movement path of the X axis. Thus, the movement path of the U axis is i.e.

[0044] Finally, after obtaining the movement paths of each axis of the machine tool, a machining file corresponding to the geometric model of the part to be machined is created, and the machining file contains the cutting trajectory path.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the four-axis turning machining method of the embodiment of the present application is suitable for turning machining with large fluctuations in horizontal direction movement, and can improve the machining efficiency.

[0046] The four-axis turning method of the embodiment of the present application installs a high-speed linear module moving horizontally on the X-axis, and defines the high-speed linear module as a U-axis, the U-axis and the X-axis move relatively, and move linearly in the horizontal direction together. The Z-axis moves linearly in the vertical direction, the model is fixed on the rotary table and rotates with the C-axis. The X, U, Z and C axes constitute four linkage axes of the four-axis turning method of the present application. The high-speed linear module (U-axis) has the characteristics of short stroke and large acceleration, and is suitable for turning processing with large fluctuations in the horizontal direction.

[0047] The present application also provides an electronic device, which can include at least one processor, a memory (e.g., a non-volatile memory), a storage, and a communication interface, and the at least one processor, the memory, the storage, and the communication interface are connected together via an internal bus. The at least one processor executes at least one computer-readable instruction stored or encoded in the memory.

[0048] It should be understood that the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform various operations and functions described in the various embodiments of the present specification.

[0049] In the embodiments of the present specification, the electronic device can include, but is not limited to, a personal computer, a server computer, a workstation, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a mobile electronic device, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device, a messaging device, a wearable electronic device, a consumer electronic device, and the like.

[0050] According to one embodiment, the present application also provides a program product such as a machine-readable medium. The machine-readable medium can have instructions (i.e., the above-mentioned elements implemented in software) that, when executed by a machine, cause the machine to perform various operations and functions described in the various embodiments of the present specification. Specifically, a system or apparatus equipped with a readable storage medium on which a software program code implementing the functions of any of the above-mentioned embodiments is stored, and a computer or processor of the system or apparatus can be provided to read and execute the instructions stored in the readable storage medium.

[0051] In this case, the program code read from the readable medium itself can implement the functions of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, and thus the machine-readable code and the readable storage medium storing the machine-readable code constitute a part of the present specification.

[0052] Embodiments of the readable storage medium include floppy diskettes, hard disks, optical disks (e.g., CD-ROMs, CDs-R, CDs-RWs, DVD-ROMs, DVD-RAMs, DVD-RWs, DVD-RWs), magnetic tapes, flash memories, and ROMs. The program code can also be downloaded from a server computer or cloud over a communication network.

[0053] Those skilled in the art should understand that the various embodiments disclosed above can be varied and modified in a variety of ways without departing from the essence of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the scope of the present description should be determined not by the embodiments disclosed above, but by the claims and their equivalents.

[0054] It should be noted that not all steps and units in the above processes and system structure diagrams are necessary, and some steps or units can be omitted according to actual needs. The execution order of each step is not fixed and can be determined as needed. The device structure described in each of the above embodiments can be a physical structure or a logical structure, that is, some units can be implemented by the same physical client, or some units can be implemented by multiple physical clients, or can be implemented by some components in multiple independent devices together.

[0055] In each of the above embodiments, a hardware unit or module can be implemented mechanically or with an electrical means. For example, a hardware unit, module or processor can include dedicated, permanent circuitry for the performance of certain operations, such as a special-purpose processor, FPGA, or ASIC. A hardware unit or processor can also include programmable logic or circuitry (e.g., as encompassed in a general- purpose processor or other programmable processor) that can be temporarily reconfigured by software to perform certain operations. A software module can control reconfiguration of the computer system or hardware unit, for example, as well as control the flow of information between different modules or units. The specific configurations of the hardware or software modules will depend on the implementation style desired for the apparatus.

[0056] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present application can be devised for a method, a system, or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application can take the form of a computer program product on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROMs, optical storage devices, and the like) embodying computer-readable program code.

[0057] The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flowcharts and / or blocks Figure 1 means for functionally implementing the steps listed in the flowchart block or blocks.

[0058] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flowcharts and / or blocks Figure 1 means for functionally implementing the steps listed in the flowchart block or blocks.

[0059] The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flowcharts and / or blocks Figure 1 means for functionally implementing the steps listed in the flowchart block or blocks.

[0060] The detailed description set forth above describes exemplary embodiments and does not represent all of the only ways of practicing the application. The term "exemplary" is used only in the sense of serving as an example, instance, or illustration, and not in the sense of being preferred or having preeminence. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the technology. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these technologies can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described embodiments.

[0061] The foregoing description of the present disclosure has been presented for the purposes of conduction and enabling those of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the present disclosure. Modifications to embodiments of the present disclosure implementing the principles of the present disclosure can occur to those skilled in the art with the benefit of the present disclosure. Therefore, what has been described above is merely illustrative of the principles of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is to be given a broad interpretation.

Claims

1. A four-axis turning method, characterized by, The four axes include an X axis and a U axis capable of linear motion in a horizontal direction, a Z axis capable of linear motion in a vertical direction, and a C axis capable of rotational motion; The machining method comprises: Construct the cutting trajectory, where the coordinates of the i-th cutting point in the workpiece coordinate system are Pi(x) i y i , z i The corresponding machine tool axis path positions are (X... i U i Z i C i ); The machine tool C axis path, the machine tool Z axis path, and the superimposed path of the machine tool X axis and the machine tool U axis are calculated according to the following relationship formula: ； The machine tool X-axis path is planned to be a straight line, i.e. wherein, in the formula and are parameters for adjusting the X-axis movement path to enable smooth movement of the machine tool X-axis; calculating a machine tool U-axis path based on the machine tool X-axis path and the superimposed path of the machine tool X-axis and the machine tool U-axis: ; and Based on the paths of the axes, a cutting trajectory path is generated.

2. The four-axis turning method according to claim 1, wherein The cutting trajectory is generated by using software, and the cutting trajectory is a movement path of a tool relative to a model.

3. The four-axis turning method according to claim 1, wherein The machine tool C axis path is an included angle between a projection of a connecting line of the cutting point and an origin of a workpiece coordinate system on an xoy plane of the workpiece coordinate system and an x axis of the workpiece coordinate system.

4. The four-axis turning method according to claim 1, wherein The sum of the paths of the machine tool X axis and the machine tool U axis at each cutting point is equal to a distance from the cutting point to a z axis of the workpiece coordinate system.

5. The four-axis turning method according to claim 1, wherein The U axis is capable of relative motion with the X axis, and the motion acceleration of the U axis is greater than the motion acceleration of the X axis.

6. An electronic device, comprising: Comprise: At least one processor; And A memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the four-axis turning machining method of any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A machine-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Executable instructions are stored, and the instructions, when executed, cause the machine to perform the four-axis turning machining method of any one of claims 1 to 5.

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