An electrolyte solution, an electrochromic device and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application discloses an electrolyte solution, an electrochromic device and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of electrochromic technology, so as to improve the performance of the electrochromic device. The electrolyte solution of the present application includes a first crosslinking monomer, a second crosslinking monomer, a conductive solution and a photoinitiator. The first crosslinking monomer includes a double bond and an epoxy group, and the second crosslinking monomer includes a double bond and an amino group. The photoinitiator is used to cause the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer in the electrolyte solution to undergo a polymerization reaction under the action of ultraviolet light to form multiple chain polymers. Among them, at a preset temperature, the epoxy groups and amino groups of the multiple chain polymers can undergo a crosslinking reaction to form a network polymer. The electrolyte solution of the present application is used to prepare the electrolyte layer of the electrochromic device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electrochromic technology, and particularly relates to an electrolyte solution, an electrochromic device and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Electrochromism refers to the phenomenon that a material undergoes a reversible change between a colored state and a bleached state by injecting or extracting charges (ions or electrons) under the action of an external electric field, and appears as a reversible change in color and transparency in appearance. Among them, a material with electrochromic properties is called an electrochromic material, and a device assembled with an electrochromic material is called an electrochromic device.

[0003] An electrochromic device generally adopts a typical sandwich structure, that is, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer and an ion storage layer are respectively assembled between two electrode layers. Among them, the electrolyte layer is a key part of the electrochromic device, which is used to provide a channel and medium for ion transport and is a bridge between the electrochromic layer and the ion storage layer. However, the performance of traditional electrochromic devices is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides an electrolyte solution, an electrochromic device and a preparation method thereof, which can improve the performance of the electrochromic device.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, an electrolyte solution is provided, and the electrolyte solution includes a first crosslinking monomer, a second crosslinking monomer, a conductive solution and a photoinitiator.

[0007] The first crosslinking monomer includes a double bond and an epoxy group, and the second crosslinking monomer includes a double bond and an amino group. The photoinitiator is used to cause the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer in the electrolyte solution to undergo a polymerization reaction under the action of ultraviolet light to form a plurality of chain-like polymers. Among them, at a preset temperature, the epoxy groups and amino groups of the plurality of chain-like polymers can undergo a crosslinking reaction to form a network polymer.

[0008] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the total mass of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer to the mass of the conductive solution is 1:(1.5 - 4).

[0009] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the total mass of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer to the mass of the photoinitiator is 1:(0.003 - 0.015).

[0010] In some embodiments, the electrolyte solution further includes a third crosslinking monomer, and the third crosslinking monomer includes a double bond. The photoinitiator is used to cause the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer, the second crosslinking monomer, and the third crosslinking monomer to undergo a polymerization reaction under the action of ultraviolet light to form multiple chain-like polymers.

[0011] The first crosslinking monomer in the electrolyte solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure includes a double bond and an epoxy group, and the second crosslinking monomer includes a double bond and an amino group. Under the action of the photoinitiator and ultraviolet light, the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer can undergo a polymerization reaction to form multiple chain-like polymers. At this time, the electrolyte solution including multiple chain-like polymers forms a colloidal electrolyte, so that when the colloidal electrolyte is attached to other film layers, it can be in full contact with the attached film layers, improving the conductivity.

[0012] In addition, at a preset temperature, the epoxy groups and amino groups in the multiple chain-like polymers can undergo a crosslinking reaction to form a network polymer. Based on this, after the colloidal electrolyte is attached to other film layers, heating the colloidal electrolyte to the preset temperature can cause the epoxy groups and amino groups in the multiple chain-like polymers to undergo a crosslinking reaction to form a network polymer. In this way, not only can the connection strength between the electrolyte and the adjacent film layer be improved, thereby improving the connection stability, but also the strength of the boundary of the electrolyte can be improved, reducing the risk of electrolyte precipitation.

[0013] In summary, compared with the prior art, the electrolyte layer prepared using the electrolyte solution in the present application has a higher conductivity with the adjacent film layer, and applying it to an electrochromic device can improve the performance of the electrochromic device.

[0014] In a second aspect, a method for manufacturing an electrochromic device is provided. The method for manufacturing the electrochromic device includes: preparing a first substrate, where the first substrate includes a first substrate, a first electrode layer, and an electrochromic layer stacked in sequence. A gel electrolyte layer is formed on the first substrate, the gel electrolyte layer is located on a side of the electrochromic layer away from the first electrode layer, and the gel electrolyte layer includes multiple chain-like polymers, and the multiple chain-like polymers include epoxy groups and amino groups. Preparing a second substrate, the second substrate is located on a side of the gel electrolyte layer away from the first substrate, the second substrate includes an ion storage layer, a second electrode layer, and a second substrate stacked in sequence, and the ion storage layer is located between the second electrode layer and the gel electrolyte layer. Heating the gel electrolyte layer to a preset temperature to cause the epoxy groups and amino groups of the multiple chain-like polymers in the gel electrolyte layer to undergo a crosslinking reaction to form a network polymer, thereby obtaining the electrochromic device.

[0015] In some embodiments, forming the gel electrolyte layer on the first substrate includes: forming an electrolyte solution layer on the first substrate, where the electrolyte solution layer includes a first crosslinking monomer, a second crosslinking monomer, a conductive solution, and a photoinitiator. Among them, the first crosslinking monomer includes a double bond and an epoxy group, and the second crosslinking monomer includes a double bond and an amino group. The electrolyte solution layer is irradiated with ultraviolet light to cause the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer in the electrolyte solution layer to undergo a polymerization reaction, obtaining the gel electrolyte layer.

[0016] In some embodiments, preparing the first substrate includes: providing a first substrate, and fabricating a first electrode layer on the first substrate. An electrochromic layer is fabricated on a side of the first electrode layer away from the first substrate to form the first substrate.

[0017] In some embodiments, preparing the second substrate includes: providing a second substrate, and fabricating a second electrode layer on the second substrate. An ion storage layer is fabricated on a side of the second electrode layer away from the second substrate to form the second substrate.

[0018] In the method for preparing an electrochromic device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, a gel electrolyte layer is formed on a first substrate, and then a second substrate is fabricated on a side of the gel electrolyte layer away from the first substrate. Among them, since the gel electrolyte layer is in a colloidal form with low self-supporting ability, when it is formed on the first substrate and the second substrate is fabricated thereon, the gel electrolyte layer can be in full contact with the first substrate and the second substrate, and has a high conductivity.

[0019] In addition, after the second substrate is fabricated, the gel electrolyte layer is heated to a preset temperature to cause the epoxy groups and amino groups in the multiple chain-like polymers to undergo a crosslinking reaction to form a network polymer. This can not only improve the connection strength between the electrolyte layer and the first substrate and the second substrate, thereby improving the connection stability; but also improve the strength of the boundary of the electrolyte layer and reduce the risk of electrolyte precipitation.

[0020] In summary, compared with the prior art, the electrochromic device prepared by using the preparation method in the present application has higher stability and better performance.

[0021] In a third aspect, an electrochromic device is provided, and the electrochromic device is the electrochromic device prepared by the method for preparing an electrochromic device in any one of the above embodiments.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the electrochromic device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure are the same as those of the method for preparing an electrochromic device provided by the above technical solution, and will not be elaborated herein. Description of the Drawings

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of an electrochromic device provided by some embodiments of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 Structural schematic diagram of a chain polymer provided by some embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of a network polymer provided by some embodiments of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 Steps flowchart of the preparation method of an electrochromic device provided by some embodiments of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 5 Structural schematic diagram of a first substrate provided by some embodiments of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 Steps flowchart of the preparation method of an electrochromic device provided by some embodiments of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 7 Structural schematic diagram of a first substrate and an electrolyte layer provided by some embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 Steps flowchart of the preparation method of an electrochromic device provided by some embodiments of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0032] Figure 9 Structural schematic diagram of a second substrate provided by some embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 10 Steps flowchart of the preparation method of an electrochromic device provided by some embodiments of the present application Figure 4 ;

[0034] Figure 11 Steps flowchart of the preparation method of an electrochromic device provided by some embodiments of the present application Figure 5 ;

[0035] Figure 12 Structural schematic diagram of a second substrate and an electrolyte layer provided by some embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 13 Steps and processes of a preparation method for an electrochromic device provided by some embodiments of the present application Figure 6 。

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 100 - electrochromic device; 1 - electrolyte layer; 11 - chain polymer; 12 - network polymer; 2 - first substrate; 21 - first substrate; 22 - first electrode layer; 23 - electrochromic layer; 3 - second substrate; 31 - ion storage layer; 32 - second electrode layer; 33 - second substrate. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0040] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0041] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover a non - exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising such element.

[0042] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to represent examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design solution described as "exemplarily" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be construed as being more preferred or having more advantages than other embodiments or design solutions. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplarily" or "for example" is intended to present relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0043] With the development of electrochromic technology, electrochromic devices have been widely used in architectural glass, automotive color-changing smart windows, aircraft windows, car anti-glare rearview mirrors, color-changing glasses case displays and other fields due to their advantages such as no blind spots, low manufacturing cost, wide operating temperature range, low driving voltage and rich colors.

[0044] The electrochromic device includes two electrode layers, and an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, and an ion storage layer arranged in sequence between the two electrode layers. When a positive voltage is applied to the electrochromic device, the electrochromic layer undergoes an oxidation or reduction reaction, causing a color change; when a negative voltage is applied to the electrochromic device, the electrochromic layer undergoes a reduction or oxidation reaction, and the electrochromic device changes its own color. It should be noted that the positive voltage and the negative voltage are in opposite directions.

[0045] During the color change and fading process, the substrate used by the electrode layer plays a supporting role, and the electrode layer is electrically connected to an external power source to provide a positive voltage or a negative voltage to the electrochromic device. The electrolyte layer is used to realize the transmission of ions inside the electrochromic device, and also to increase the anions and cations for the electrochromic layer to maintain the electrical neutrality of the electrochromic layer. The function of the ion storage layer is to store counterions to achieve the memory effect of the device.

[0046] At present, the electrolyte layer is mostly prepared by polymer electrolyte. However, in the electrochromic device, the electrolyte layer prepared by polymer electrolyte cannot be fully in contact with the adjacent membrane layer, and the conductivity between the electrolyte layer and the adjacent conductive layer (for example, the electrochromic layer and the ion storage layer) is poor, resulting in poor performance of the electrochromic device.

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electrochromic device provided in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the chain polymer provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0048] For the above questions, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electrolyte solution, which can solve the problem of insufficient contact between the electrolyte layer 1 and the adjacent film layer in the electrochromic device 100, thereby improving the performance of the electrochromic device 100.

[0049] The electrolyte solution includes a first cross-linking monomer, a second cross-linking monomer, a conductive solution and a photoinitiator. The first cross-linking monomer includes a double bond and an epoxy group, and the second cross-linking monomer includes a double bond and an amino group. The photoinitiator is used to cause the double bonds of the first cross-linking monomer and the second cross-linking monomer in the electrolyte solution to undergo polymerization reaction under the action of ultraviolet light to form a plurality of chain polymers 11.

[0050] That is to say, when the electrolyte solution is irradiated with ultraviolet light, under the action of a photoinitiator, the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer can undergo a polymerization reaction. Among them, the wavelength range of the ultraviolet light is 350 nm to 400 nm. For example, the wavelength of the ultraviolet light is any one of 350 nm, 355 nm, 360 nm, 365 nm, 370 nm, 375 nm, 380 nm, 385 nm, 390 nm, 395 nm, 400 nm, and can be specifically selected according to the actual situation, and the present disclosure does not make specific limitations thereon.

[0051] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the network polymer provided by some embodiments of the present application. Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , at a preset temperature, the epoxy groups and amino groups of multiple chain polymers 11 can undergo a crosslinking reaction to form a network polymer 12.

[0052] It should be noted that the range of the preset temperature is 30 °C to 100 °C. For example, the preset temperature is any one of 30 °C, 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C, 70 °C, 80 °C, 90 °C, 100 °C, and can be specifically selected according to the actual situation, and the present disclosure does not make specific limitations thereon.

[0053] Among them, the polymerization reaction of the double bonds of the above-mentioned first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer can be that the double bonds in two first crosslinking monomers undergo a polymerization reaction to connect the two first crosslinking monomers together; it can also be that the double bonds in two second crosslinking monomers undergo a polymerization reaction to connect the two second crosslinking monomers together; it can also be that the double bond in one first crosslinking monomer and the double bond in one second crosslinking monomer undergo a polymerization reaction to connect the above-mentioned one first crosslinking monomer and one second crosslinking monomer together.

[0054] In addition, the crosslinking reaction of the epoxy groups and amino groups of multiple chain polymers 11 can be that the epoxy groups and amino groups in the same chain polymer 11 undergo a crosslinking reaction, or the epoxy groups and amino groups in different chain polymers 11 undergo a crosslinking reaction.

[0055] The first crosslinking monomer in the electrolyte solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure includes a double bond and an epoxy group, and the second crosslinking monomer includes a double bond and an amino group. Under the action of a photoinitiator and ultraviolet light, the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer can undergo a polymerization reaction to form multiple chain polymers 11. At this time, the electrolyte solution including multiple chain polymers 11 forms a colloidal electrolyte, so that when the colloidal electrolyte is adhered to other film layers, it can be in full contact with the adhered film layer, improving the conductivity.

[0056] In addition, at a preset temperature, the epoxy groups and amino groups in the multiple chain polymers 11 can undergo a crosslinking reaction to form a network polymer 12. Based on this, after the colloidal electrolyte is attached to other film layers, heating the colloidal electrolyte to the preset temperature can cause the epoxy groups and amino groups in the multiple chain polymers 11 to undergo a crosslinking reaction to form a network polymer 12. In this way, not only can the connection strength between the electrolyte and the adjacent film layer be improved, thereby enhancing the connection stability, but also the strength of the boundary of the electrolyte can be increased, reducing the risk of electrolyte precipitation.

[0057] In summary, compared with the prior art, the electrolyte layer 1 prepared from the electrolyte solution in this application has a higher conductivity with the adjacent film layer. Applying it to the electrochromic device 100 can improve the performance of the electrochromic device 100.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first crosslinking monomer is an acrylic epoxy monomer. For example, the first crosslinking monomer can be any one of glycidyl methacrylate, allyl glycidyl ether, and glycidyl acrylate. It can also be a combination of at least two of glycidyl methacrylate, allyl glycidyl ether, and glycidyl acrylate, which can be specifically selected according to the actual situation, and the present disclosure does not make specific limitations in this regard. The second crosslinking monomer is an acrylamide monomer. For example, the second crosslinking monomer can be any one of acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, and N-ethylacrylamide. It can also be a combination of at least two of acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, and N-ethylacrylamide, which can be specifically selected according to the actual situation, and the present disclosure does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0059] In some embodiments, the conductive solution is an ionic liquid. For example: 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, which can be specifically selected according to the actual situation, and the present disclosure does not make specific limitations in this regard. In some other embodiments, the conductive solution is a lithium salt solution. For example: lithium perchlorate solution, lithium tetrafluoroborate solution, lithium hexafluorophosphate solution, and lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide solution, which can be specifically selected according to the actual situation, and the present disclosure does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0060] In some embodiments, the photoinitiator is a cationic photoinitiator. For example: 2,2-dimethoxy-phenylacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone, diaryliodonium salts, triarylsulfonium salts, alkylsulfonium salts, iron arene salts, sulfonyloxy ketones, and triarylsilyl ethers, which can be specifically selected according to the actual situation, and the present disclosure does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0061] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the total mass of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer to the mass of the conductive solution is 1:(1.5 - 4). In this way, on the one hand, the content of the conductive solution in the electrolyte solution is relatively high, and thus an electrolyte layer with a relatively high conductivity can be prepared; on the other hand, it can be avoided that the content of the conductive solution in the electrolyte solution is too high, resulting in the inability of the electrolyte solution to be cured into a gel electrolyte under the action of ultraviolet light and the photoinitiator.

[0062] Exemplarily, the mass ratio of the total mass of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer to the mass of the conductive solution is any one of 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:3.5, 1:4, and can be specifically selected according to actual situations, and the present disclosure does not make specific limitations thereto.

[0063] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the total mass of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer to the mass of the photoinitiator is 1:(0.003 - 0.015). In this way, it can not only meet the requirements for the polymerization reaction of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer, but also avoid waste of the photoinitiator.

[0064] Exemplarily, the mass ratio of the total mass of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer to the mass of the photoinitiator is any one of 1:0.003, 1:0.004, 1:0.005, 1:0.006, 1:0.007, 1:0.008, 1:0.009, 1:0.01, 1:0.011, 1:0.012, 1:0.013, 1:0.014, 1:0.015, and can be specifically selected according to actual situations, and the present disclosure does not make specific limitations thereto.

[0065] See Figure 2 , in some embodiments, the electrolyte solution further includes a third crosslinking monomer, and the third crosslinking monomer includes double bonds. The photoinitiator is used to cause the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer, the second crosslinking monomer, and the third crosslinking monomer to undergo a polymerization reaction under the action of ultraviolet light to form a plurality of chain-like polymers 11.

[0066] On this basis, the double bonds of the first cross-linking monomer, the second cross-linking monomer and the third cross-linking monomer undergo polymerization reaction, which can be that the double bonds in the two first cross-linking monomers undergo polymerization reaction to connect the two first cross-linking monomers together; the double bonds in the two second cross-linking monomers undergo polymerization reaction to connect the two second cross-linking monomers together; the double bonds in the two third cross-linking monomers undergo polymerization reaction to connect the two third cross-linking monomers together. Alternatively, the double bonds in a first cross-linking monomer and a double bond in a second cross-linking monomer undergo polymerization reaction to connect the above-mentioned first cross-linking monomer and a second cross-linking monomer together; the double bonds in a first cross-linking monomer and a double bond in a third cross-linking monomer undergo polymerization reaction to connect the above-mentioned first cross-linking monomer and a third cross-linking monomer together; the double bonds in a second cross-linking monomer and a double bond in a third cross-linking monomer undergo polymerization reaction to connect the above-mentioned second cross-linking monomer and a third cross-linking monomer together.

[0067] The third crosslinking monomer is an acrylate monomer, for example, the third crosslinking monomer can be any one of lauryl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate and methoxy polyethylene glycol acrylate. It can also be a combination of at least two of lauryl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate and methoxy polyethylene glycol acrylate. The specific monomer can be selected according to actual conditions, and the present disclosure does not make specific limitations on this.

[0068] In addition, the third crosslinking monomer may also be a double-bonded ionic liquid monomer, for example, the third crosslinking monomer may be any one of 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazoline bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and 1-allyl-3-methylimidazole chloride. It may also be a combination of 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazoline bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and 1-allyl-3-methylimidazole chloride, which may be selected according to actual conditions, and the present disclosure does not specifically limit this.

[0069] Figure 4 Steps of the method for preparing the electrochromic device provided in some embodiments of the present application Figure 1 .

[0070] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for preparing an electrochromic device 100, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 The preparation method of the electrochromic device 100 includes steps S100 to S400.

[0071] S100: preparing a first substrate 2.

[0072] In the above steps, see Figure 5, the first substrate 2 includes a first substrate 21, a first electrode layer 22, and an electrochromic layer 23 stacked in sequence. Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of the first substrate provided by some embodiments of the present application.

[0073] Among them, the preparation method of the first substrate 2 is not unique. Exemplarily, referring to Figure 6 , the above S100 includes S110 to S130. Figure 6 Step flow of the preparation method of the electrochromic device provided by some embodiments of the present application Figure 2 .

[0074] S110: Provide the first substrate 21.

[0075] In the above steps, the first substrate 21 is used to carry and support the first electrode layer 22 and the electrochromic layer 23.

[0076] It should be noted that the material of the first substrate 21 is transparent. Exemplarily, the material of the first substrate 21 can be either glass or a flexible transparent polymer, and can be specifically selected according to the actual situation. The present disclosure does not make specific limitations on this.

[0077] S120: Fabricate the first electrode layer 22 on the first substrate 21.

[0078] In the above steps, the first electrode layer 22 is used to connect to the positive or negative electrode of the power supply. Exemplarily, the first electrode layer 22 is used to connect to the positive electrode of the power supply.

[0079] It should be noted that the material of the first electrode layer 22 is transparent. Exemplarily, the preparation material of the first electrode layer 22 can be any one of indium tin oxide, silver, graphene, and carbon nanotubes, and can be specifically selected according to the actual situation. The present disclosure does not make specific limitations on this.

[0080] S130: Fabricate the electrochromic layer 23 on the side of the first electrode layer 22 away from the first substrate 21 to form the first substrate 2.

[0081] In the above steps, the electrochromic layer 23 is used to undergo oxidation or reduction reactions to achieve color changes of the device.

[0082] Exemplarily, the electrochromic layer 23 can be prepared from metal oxides; it can also be prepared from polymers such as polypyrrole, polythiophene, and polyaniline; it can also be prepared from Prussian blue and its derivatives; it can be specifically selected according to the actual situation. The present disclosure does not make specific limitations on this.

[0083] S200: Form a gel electrolyte layer on the first substrate 2.

[0084] In the above steps, referring to Figure 2 andFigure 7 The gel electrolyte layer is located on the side of the electrochromic layer 23 away from the first electrode layer 22. That is to say, the gel electrolyte layer, the electrochromic layer 23, the first electrode layer 22, and the first substrate 21 are stacked in sequence. Among them, the gel electrolyte layer includes a plurality of chain polymers 11, and the plurality of chain polymers 11 include epoxy groups and amino groups. Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first substrate and the electrolyte layer provided by some embodiments of the present application.

[0085] Among them, the method of forming the gel electrolyte layer on the first substrate 2 is not unique. Exemplarily, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 8 above, the above S200 includes S210 to S220. Figure 8 It is a step flow of the preparation method of the electrochromic device 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application. Figure 3 .

[0086] S210: Form an electrolyte solution layer on the first substrate 2.

[0087] In the above steps, refer to Figure 7 , spraying, inkjet printing, printing and other methods can be used to uniformly cover the electrolyte solution on the electrochromic layer 23 of the first substrate 2, so as to form an electrolyte solution layer on the electrochromic layer 23 of the first substrate 2. In this way, an electrolyte solution layer with a uniform thickness can be formed on the electrochromic layer 23 of the first substrate 2.

[0088] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 , the above electrolyte solution layer includes a first crosslinking monomer, a second crosslinking monomer, a conductive solution, and a photoinitiator. Among them, the first crosslinking monomer includes a double bond and an epoxy group, and the second crosslinking monomer includes a double bond and an amino group. The photoinitiator is used to cause the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer to undergo a polymerization reaction under the action of ultraviolet light, so as to form a plurality of chain polymers 11.

[0089] Among them, the materials of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer, the mass ratio of the total mass of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer to the mass of the conductive solution, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer to the mass of the photoinitiator can all refer to the above, and the present disclosure will not elaborate here.

[0090] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 , the above electrolyte solution layer further includes a third crosslinking monomer, and the third crosslinking monomer includes a double bond. The photoinitiator is used to cause the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer, the second crosslinking monomer, and the third crosslinking monomer to undergo a polymerization reaction under the action of ultraviolet light, so as to form a plurality of chain polymers 11. Among them, the material of the third crosslinking monomer can refer to the above, and the present disclosure will not elaborate here.

[0091] S220: The electrolyte solution layer is irradiated with ultraviolet light, causing the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer in the electrolyte solution layer to undergo a polymerization reaction, thereby obtaining a gel electrolyte layer.

[0092] In the above steps, when irradiating the electrolyte solution layer with ultraviolet light, the electrolyte solution layer needs to be maintained in the ultraviolet light environment for a period of time to enable the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer in the electrolyte solution layer to fully react. Exemplarily, the electrolyte solution layer is irradiated with ultraviolet light for 10 s to 300 s; for example, the time for irradiating the electrolyte solution layer with ultraviolet light is any one of 10 s, 40 s, 80 s, 110 s, 140 s, 170 s, 200 s, 230 s, 260 s, and 300 s. The specific irradiation time can be selected according to the actual situation, and the present disclosure does not make specific limitations thereto. Among them, the range of the wavelength of the ultraviolet light can refer to the above text, and the present disclosure will not elaborate herein.

[0093] It should be noted that the polymerization reaction of the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer can be that the double bonds in two first crosslinking monomers undergo a polymerization reaction to connect the two first crosslinking monomers together; it can also be that the double bonds in two second crosslinking monomers undergo a polymerization reaction to connect the two second crosslinking monomers together; it can further be that the double bond in one first crosslinking monomer and the double bond in one second crosslinking monomer undergo a polymerization reaction to connect the above one first crosslinking monomer and one second crosslinking monomer together.

[0094] In the case where the electrolyte solution further includes a third crosslinking monomer, the photoinitiator is used to cause the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer, the second crosslinking monomer, and the third crosslinking monomer to undergo a polymerization reaction under the action of ultraviolet light to form multiple chain-like polymers 11 (as Figure 2 shown).

[0095] At this time, the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer, the second crosslinking monomer, and the third crosslinking monomer undergo a polymerization reaction. It can be that the double bonds in two first crosslinking monomers undergo a polymerization reaction to connect the two first crosslinking monomers together; the double bonds in two second crosslinking monomers undergo a polymerization reaction to connect the two second crosslinking monomers together; the double bonds in two third crosslinking monomers undergo a polymerization reaction to connect the two third crosslinking monomers together. It can also be that the double bond in one first crosslinking monomer and the double bond in one second crosslinking monomer undergo a polymerization reaction to connect the above-mentioned one first crosslinking monomer and one second crosslinking monomer together; the double bond in one first crosslinking monomer and the double bond in one third crosslinking monomer undergo a polymerization reaction to connect the above-mentioned one first crosslinking monomer and one third crosslinking monomer together; the double bond in one second crosslinking monomer and the double bond in one third crosslinking monomer undergo a polymerization reaction to connect the above-mentioned one second crosslinking monomer and one third crosslinking monomer together.

[0096] It should be noted that the material of the third crosslinking monomer can refer to the above text, and the present disclosure will not elaborate here.

[0097] S300: Prepare the second substrate 3.

[0098] In the above steps, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 9 , the second substrate 3 is located on the side of the gel electrolyte layer away from the first substrate 2. The second substrate 3 includes an ion storage layer 31, a second electrode layer 32, and a second substrate 33 stacked in sequence. Among them, the ion storage layer 31 is located between the second electrode layer 32 and the gel electrolyte layer. That is to say, the second substrate 33, the second electrode layer 32, the ion storage layer 31, the gel electrolyte layer, the electrochromic layer 23, the first electrode layer 22, and the first substrate 21 are stacked in sequence. Among them, Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the second substrate provided by some embodiments of the present application.

[0099] Among them, the preparation method of the second substrate 3 is not unique. Exemplarily, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 10 , the above S300 includes S310 to S330. Figure 10 is the step flow of the preparation method of the electrochromic device 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application Figure 4 .

[0100] S310: Provide the second substrate 33.

[0101] In the above steps, the second substrate 33 is used to carry and support the second electrode layer 32 and the ion storage layer 31.

[0102] It should be noted that the material of the second substrate 33 is transparent. Exemplarily, the material of the second substrate 33 can be either glass or a flexible transparent polymer, and can be specifically selected according to the actual situation. The present disclosure does not make specific limitations thereto.

[0103] S320: Fabricate a second electrode layer 32 on the second substrate 33.

[0104] In the above steps, the second electrode layer 32 is used to connect to the positive or negative electrode of the power supply. Exemplarily, the second electrode layer 32 is used to connect to the negative electrode of the power supply.

[0105] It should be noted that the material of the second electrode layer 32 is transparent. Exemplarily, the preparation material of the second electrode layer 32 can be any one of ITO, Ag, graphene, and carbon nanotubes, and can be specifically selected according to the actual situation. The present disclosure does not make specific limitations thereto.

[0106] S330: Fabricate an ion storage layer 31 on the side of the second electrode layer 32 away from the second substrate 33 to form a second substrate 3.

[0107] In the above steps, the ion storage layer 31 is used to store counter ions to achieve the memory effect of the device.

[0108] Exemplarily, the ion storage layer 31 can be prepared from metal oxides; can also be prepared from polymers such as polypyrrole, polythiophene, and polyaniline; can also be prepared from Prussian blue and its derivatives; and can be specifically selected according to the actual situation. The present disclosure does not make specific limitations thereto.

[0109] S400: Heat the gel electrolyte layer to a preset temperature so that the epoxy groups and amino groups of the multiple chain-like polymers 11 (as shown in Figure 2 ) in the gel electrolyte layer undergo a crosslinking reaction to form a network polymer 12 (as shown in Figure 3 ) to obtain an electrochromic device 100 (as shown in Figure 1 ).

[0110] Refer to Figure 2 , in the above steps, after heating the gel electrolyte layer to the preset temperature, the gel electrolyte layer needs to be maintained at the preset temperature for a preset time so that the epoxy groups and amino groups of the multiple chain-like polymers 11 in the gel electrolyte layer can fully undergo a crosslinking reaction.

[0111] It should be noted that the range of the preset time is 10 min to 30 min. For example: the preset time is any one of 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 25 min, and 30 min, and can be specifically selected according to the actual situation. The present disclosure does not make specific limitations thereto. Additionally, the preset temperature can refer to the above text, and the present disclosure does not elaborate herein.

[0112] The manufacturing method of the electrochromic device 100 provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure forms a gel electrolyte layer on the first substrate 2, and then fabricates a second substrate 3 on the side of the gel electrolyte layer away from the first substrate 2. Among them, since the gel electrolyte layer is in a colloidal form with low self-supporting ability, when it is formed on the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 3 is fabricated thereon, the gel electrolyte layer can be in full contact with the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 3, and has a high conductivity.

[0113] In addition, after the second substrate 3 is fabricated, the gel electrolyte layer is heated to a preset temperature to cause a cross-linking reaction between the epoxy groups and amino groups in the multiple chain-like polymers 11 (as Figure 2 shown) to form a network polymer 12 (as Figure 3 shown). This can not only improve the connection strength between the electrolyte layer 1 and the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 3, thereby improving the stability of the connection; but also improve the strength of the boundary of the electrolyte layer 1 and reduce the risk of electrolyte precipitation.

[0114] In summary, compared with the prior art, when the manufacturing method in this application is used for fabrication, the electrochromic device 100 has higher stability and better performance.

[0115] Figure 11 For the step flow of the manufacturing method of the electrochromic device provided by some embodiments of the present application Figure 5 .

[0116] Some other embodiments of the present disclosure provide a manufacturing method of an electrochromic device 100. Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 11 , the manufacturing method of the electrochromic device 100 includes S1000 to S4000.

[0117] S1000: Fabricate the second substrate 3.

[0118] In the above steps, refer to Figure 9 , the second substrate 3 includes an ion storage layer 31, a second electrode layer 32, and a second substrate 33 stacked in sequence.

[0119] Among them, the manufacturing method of the second substrate 3 can refer to the above text, and the present disclosure will not elaborate here.

[0120] S2000: Form a gel electrolyte layer on the second substrate 3.

[0121] In the above steps, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 12, the gel electrolyte layer is located on the side of the ion storage layer 31 away from the second electrode layer 32. That is to say, the gel electrolyte layer, the ion storage layer 31, the second electrode layer 32, and the second substrate 33 are sequentially stacked. Among them, the gel electrolyte layer includes a plurality of chain polymers 11, and the plurality of chain polymers 11 include epoxy groups and amino groups. Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second substrate and the electrolyte layer provided by some embodiments of the present application.

[0122] Among them, the method of forming the gel electrolyte layer on the second substrate 3 is not unique. Exemplarily, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 13 , the above S2000 includes S2100 to S2200. Figure 13 It is the step flow of the preparation method of the electrochromic device 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application Figure 6 .

[0123] S2100: Form an electrolyte solution layer on the second substrate 3.

[0124] In the above steps, refer to Figure 12 , spraying, inkjet printing, printing and other methods can be used to uniformly cover the electrolyte solution on the ion storage 31 of the second substrate 3 to form an electrolyte solution layer on the ion storage layer 31 of the second substrate 3. In this way, an electrolyte solution layer with a uniform thickness can be formed on the ion storage layer 31 of the second substrate 3.

[0125] S2200: Irradiate the electrolyte solution layer with ultraviolet light so that the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer in the electrolyte solution layer undergo a polymerization reaction to obtain a gel electrolyte layer.

[0126] In the above steps, the irradiation time of the ultraviolet light can refer to the above text, and the present disclosure will not elaborate here.

[0127] S3000: Prepare the first substrate 2.

[0128] In the above steps, refer to Figure 1 , the first substrate 2 is located on the side of the gel electrolyte layer away from the second substrate 3. The first substrate 2 includes a first substrate 21, a first electrode layer 22, and an electrochromic layer 23 stacked in sequence. Among them, the electrochromic layer 23 is located between the first electrode layer 22 and the gel electrolyte layer. That is to say, the second substrate 33, the second electrode layer 32, the ion storage layer 31, the gel electrolyte layer, the electrochromic layer 23, the first electrode layer 22, and the first substrate 21 are sequentially stacked.

[0129] Among them, the preparation method of the first substrate 2 can refer to the above text, and the present disclosure will not elaborate here.

[0130] S4000: Heat the gel electrolyte layer to a preset temperature, so that the epoxy groups and amino groups of multiple chain polymers 11 (as shown in Figure 2 ) in the gel electrolyte layer undergo a cross-linking reaction to form a network polymer 12 (as shown in Figure 3 ), and obtain an electrochromic device 100 (as shown in Figure 1 ).

[0131] In the above steps, after heating the gel electrolyte layer to the preset temperature, the gel electrolyte layer needs to be maintained at the preset temperature for a preset time, so that the epoxy groups and amino groups of multiple chain polymers 11 in the gel electrolyte layer can fully undergo a cross-linking reaction.

[0132] Among them, the range of the preset time can refer to the above text, and the present disclosure will not elaborate here.

[0133] Refer to Figure 1 . Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electrochromic device 100, and the electrochromic device 100 is the electrochromic device 100 prepared by the preparation method of the electrochromic device 100 in any of the above embodiments.

[0134] Exemplarily, the electrochromic device 100 includes a first substrate 21, a first electrode layer 22, an electrochromic layer 23, an electrolyte layer 1, an ion storage layer 31, a second electrode layer 32, and a second substrate 33 that are stacked in sequence.

[0135] The beneficial effects of the electrochromic device 100 provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are the same as those of the preparation method of the electrochromic device 100 provided by the above technical solution, and will not be elaborated here.

[0136] Next, the present disclosure will be described in conjunction with embodiments. The following embodiments are specifically embodiments of the preparation method of the electrochromic device 100. The following description is only for explanation and not for limitation. For example, the heating temperature, heating time, ultraviolet light wavelength, illumination time, etc. can also be other values, and the present disclosure does not make specific limitations thereon.

[0137] Embodiment 1

[0138] The specific process is as follows:

[0139] The first step: Add 5 g of glycidyl methacrylate, 5 g of acrylamide, 15 g of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, and 0.03 g of 2,2-dimethoxy-phenylacetophenone into a container.

[0140] The second step: After mechanically stirring the above mixture at room temperature, make it evenly mixed to form an electrolyte solution.

[0141] The third step: Provide a first substrate.

[0142] Step 4: Fabricate a first electrode layer on the first substrate.

[0143] Step 5: Fabricate an electrochromic layer on the side of the first electrode layer away from the first substrate to form a first substrate.

[0144] Step 6: Uniformly cover the electrochromic layer of the first substrate with an electrolyte solution by inkjet printing to form an electrolyte solution layer.

[0145] Step 7: Irradiate the electrolyte solution layer with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 350 nm for 10 s to obtain a gel electrolyte layer.

[0146] Step 8: Provide a second substrate.

[0147] Step 9: Fabricate a second electrode layer on the second substrate.

[0148] Step 10: Fabricate an ion storage layer on the side of the second electrode layer away from the second substrate to form a second substrate.

[0149] Step 11: Bond the second substrate to the side of the gel electrolyte layer away from the electrochromic layer, such that the ion storage layer is located between the gel electrolyte layer and the second electrode layer.

[0150] Step 12: Heat the gel electrolyte layer to 30 °C and maintain for 30 min to obtain an electrochromic device.

[0151] Example 2

[0152] The specific process is as follows:

[0153] Step 1: Add 4 g of glycidyl acrylate, 3 g of N - hydroxymethyl acrylamide, 2 g of lauryl methacrylate, 40 g of lithium perchlorate solution, and 0.15 g of 2 - hydroxy - 4 - (2 - hydroxyethoxy) - 2 - methylpropiophenone into a container.

[0154] Step 2: Mechanically stir the above mixture at room temperature to make it uniformly mixed to form an electrolyte solution.

[0155] Step 3: Provide a first substrate.

[0156] Step 4: Fabricate a first electrode layer on the first substrate.

[0157] Step 5: Fabricate an electrochromic layer on the side of the first electrode layer away from the first substrate to form a first substrate.

[0158] Step 6: Uniformly cover the electrochromic layer of the first substrate with the electrolyte solution by spraying to form an electrolyte solution layer.

[0159] Step 7: Irradiate the electrolyte solution layer with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 400 nm for 300 s to obtain a gel electrolyte layer.

[0160] Step 8: Provide a second substrate.

[0161] Step 9: Fabricate a second electrode layer on the second substrate.

[0162] Step 10: Fabricate an ion storage layer on a side of the second electrode layer away from the second substrate to form a second substrate.

[0163] Step 11: Bond the second substrate to a side of the gel electrolyte layer away from the electrochromic layer such that the ion storage layer is located between the gel electrolyte layer and the second electrode layer.

[0164] Step 12: Heat the gel electrolyte layer to 100 °C and maintain for 10 min to obtain an electrochromic device.

[0165] In the description of this specification, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0166] The above is only the specific implementation manner of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be covered by the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An electrolyte solution, characterized in that, It includes a first crosslinking monomer, a second crosslinking monomer, a conductive solution and a photoinitiator; the first crosslinking monomer includes a double bond and an epoxy group, and the first crosslinking monomer is an acrylic epoxy monomer; the second crosslinking monomer includes a double bond and an amino group, and the second crosslinking monomer is an acrylamide monomer; The photoinitiator is used to cause the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer in the electrolyte solution to undergo a polymerization reaction under the action of ultraviolet light to form multiple chain-like polymers; Wherein, at a preset temperature, the epoxy groups and amino groups of the multiple chain-like polymers can undergo a crosslinking reaction to form a network polymer.

2. The electrolyte solution according to claim 1, wherein The mass ratio of the total mass of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer to the mass of the conductive solution is 1:(1.5 - 4).

3. The electrolyte solution according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the total mass of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer to the mass of the photoinitiator is 1:(0.003 - 0.015).

4. The electrolyte solution according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It further includes a third crosslinking monomer, and the third crosslinking monomer includes a double bond; The photoinitiator is used to cause the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer, the second crosslinking monomer and the third crosslinking monomer to undergo a polymerization reaction under the action of ultraviolet light to form multiple chain-like polymers.

5. A method for preparing an electrochromic device, characterized in that, It includes: Prepare a first substrate; the first substrate includes a first substrate, a first electrode layer and an electrochromic layer stacked in sequence; Form a gel electrolyte layer on the first substrate; the gel electrolyte layer is located on the side of the electrochromic layer away from the first electrode layer, and the gel electrolyte layer includes multiple chain-like polymers, and the multiple chain-like polymers include epoxy groups and amino groups; Prepare a second substrate; the second substrate is located on the side of the gel electrolyte layer away from the first substrate, and the second substrate includes an ion storage layer, a second electrode layer and a second substrate stacked in sequence, and the ion storage layer is located between the second electrode layer and the gel electrolyte layer; Heat the gel electrolyte layer to a preset temperature to cause the epoxy groups and amino groups of the multiple chain-like polymers in the gel electrolyte layer to undergo a crosslinking reaction to form a network polymer, and obtain the electrochromic device.

6. The preparation method of the electrochromic device according to claim 5, wherein The forming the gel electrolyte layer on the first substrate includes: Form an electrolyte solution layer on the first substrate, and the electrolyte solution includes a first crosslinking monomer, a second crosslinking monomer, a conductive solution and a photoinitiator; the first crosslinking monomer includes a double bond and an epoxy group; the second crosslinking monomer includes a double bond and an amino group; Irradiate the electrolyte solution layer with ultraviolet light to cause the double bonds of the first crosslinking monomer and the second crosslinking monomer in the electrolyte solution to undergo a polymerization reaction to obtain the gel electrolyte layer.

7. The method for preparing an electrochromic device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The preparing the first substrate includes: Provide a first substrate; Fabricate a first electrode layer on the first substrate; Fabricate an electrochromic layer on the side of the first electrode layer away from the first substrate to form the first substrate.

8. The manufacturing method of the electrochromic device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preparing the second substrate includes: Provide a second substrate; Fabricate a second electrode layer on the second substrate; Fabricate an ion storage layer on the side of the second electrode layer away from the second substrate to form the second substrate.

9. An electrochromic device, characterized in that, The electrochromic device is an electrochromic device prepared by the preparation method of the electrochromic device according to any one of claims 5 to 8.

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