A method for breeding selenium-rich rice

Abstract

The application discloses a selenium-rich rice seedling raising method. A uniform and stable selenium nano solution is prepared as a seed soaking liquid, which can effectively improve the germination rate and emergence rate in the selenium-rich rice seedling raising process. Compared with the prior art which uses a sodium selenite aqueous solution as a seed soaking liquid, the seed soaking liquid of the application is obtained by reducing sodium selenite with ascorbic acid, and has higher biological activity and higher safety. Furthermore, the addition of stabilizers (seaweed polysaccharide, gelatin, carrageenan, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol borate diglyceride) in the preparation process of the selenium nano solution can effectively improve the stability of the selenium nano solution, thereby realizing the stability in the long-time soaking scene of rice seeds.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rice cultivation, and particularly relates to a seedling raising method of selenium-rich rice. BACKGROUND

[0002] Selenium-rich rice is a kind of rice variety rich in selenium. Selenium is an essential trace element and is very important for human health. The human body needs an appropriate amount of selenium to help maintain the immune system, thyroid function, DNA synthesis and repair, and other physiological processes.

[0003] The planting method of selenium-rich rice is similar to that of ordinary rice, but by optimizing the content of selenium in the soil and the mechanism of rice absorbing selenium, the selenium content of selenium-rich rice is several times higher than that of ordinary rice.

[0004] The health value of selenium-rich rice has been widely recognized. Studies have shown that selenium-rich rice can increase the selenium content in the human body, thereby resisting diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, thyroid problems, etc. In addition, selenium-rich rice can also improve immunity, promote growth and development, protect the nervous system, etc.

[0005] Currently, the application of selenium in crops mainly has the following several methods of applying selenium: 1) soil application of selenium: through irrigation or direct application to the soil tillage layer, it is very effective to improve the selenium content of plants and seeds; 2) seed soaking: the seeds are soaked in a prepared sodium sulfite solution of a certain concentration before sowing; after the plants mature, the selenium content in the seeds is significantly positively correlated with the content of sodium sulfite; at the same time, within an appropriate concentration range, it will improve the early emergence rate and survival rate of seedlings; 3) foliar spraying: at the appropriate period of crop growth, foliar selenium fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of plant leaves. Foliar application of selenium can significantly increase the selenium concentration of crops such as rice, wheat, corn, lentils and table grapes.

[0006] CN113396665A discloses a method for enriching selenium nutrition of rice seeds by potassium fulvate complexation, which comprises the following steps: placing the rice seeds in bags, placing them layer by layer in a staggered manner, soaking and germinating the seeds to the state of seed germination and breaking the chest, adding sodium selenite and biochemical potassium fulvate to the soaking water to obtain a selenium nutrition strengthening liquid, and circulating the selenium nutrition strengthening liquid through a water pump to the broken chest state of the rice seeds from bottom to top during the selenium nutrition enrichment process, so that the newly added selenium content in the rice seed reaches a relatively saturated state, and the selenium nutrition enrichment of the rice seeds is completed. The invention accelerates the complexation reaction of biochemical potassium fulvate and sodium selenite, improves the penetration speed and uniformity of organic selenium compounds in the broken chest rice seeds, and achieves greater and more uniform selenium enrichment, thereby obtaining rice seeds with more uniform enrichment increase. SUMMARY

[0007] The application provides a seedling raising method of selenium-rich rice, which can effectively improve the germination rate and emergence rate in the seedling raising process of the selenium-rich rice by preparing a uniform and stable selenium nano solution as a seed soaking liquid.

[0008] Specifically, the seedling raising method of the selenium-rich rice comprises the following steps.

[0009] S1: selecting a rice variety with strong disease resistance and high and stable yield;

[0010] S2: seed drying, soaking and germination: the seeds are dried for 1-2 days on a sunny day, and selected by using 5-10 wt% salt water to remove dry seeds; the seeds are soaked in a seed soaking liquid for 1-2 days and then washed clean; then, the seeds are germinated at 30°C until the new sprouts grow to 1 mm; the 5-10 wt% salt water is obtained by stirring and mixing 500-1000 g of industrial salt in 9.0-9.5 Kg of water;

[0011] S3: preparing a seedbed: the seedbed is obtained by uniformly mixing organic fertilizer and soil, and then leveling and compacting; the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 10-20 kg / m 2 ;

[0012] S4: sowing and seedling raising: the seeds after germination are sown on the seedbed, and the sowing amount is 150-300 g / m 2 ; the temperature in the shed is controlled at 20-30°C during the day and 5-20°C at night; weeds are removed in time during the period, and the seedling raising cycle is 30 days.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation method of the seed soaking liquid is as follows: a reducing agent is dissolved in water, and then a stabilizer is added, and then a sodium selenite aqueous solution is added dropwise at 40-60°C and a stirring speed of 100-300 rpm; after the dropwise addition is completed, the stirring reaction is continued at 40-60°C and a stirring speed of 100-300 rpm for 10-30 min; and then the seed soaking liquid is obtained by dilution with water.

[0014] Further preferably, the preparation method of the seed soaking liquid is as follows: 35.2-52.8 g of a reducing agent is dissolved in 5 L of water, 3-10 g of a stabilizer is added, and then 100 mL of a sodium selenite aqueous solution is added dropwise at 40-60°C and a stirring speed of 100-300 rpm; after the dropwise addition is completed, the stirring reaction is continued at 40-60°C and a stirring speed of 100-300 rpm for 10-30 min; and then the seed soaking liquid is obtained by dilution with water.

[0015] Preferably, the reducing agent is sodium ascorbate.

[0016] Preferably, the stabilizer is any one of alginic polysaccharide, gelatin, carrageenan, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol borate diglycerol ester. Further preferably, the stabilizer is polyethylene glycol borate diglycerol ester.

[0017] The preparation method of the polyethylene glycol borate diglyceride is as follows: after the borate diglyceride, double metal cyanide complex catalyst and polyethylene glycol 400 are uniformly mixed under a closed and nitrogen atmosphere, the mixture is heated to 200-250 DEG C and then reacted at 200-250 DEG C for 3-6 hours; the solid catalyst is removed by hot filtration to obtain the polyethylene glycol borate diglyceride.

[0018] Further preferably, the preparation method of the polyethylene glycol borate diglyceride is as follows: 100-300 g of borate diglyceride and 1-3 g of double metal cyanide complex catalyst are added into a polyether reaction kettle; air is exhausted by nitrogen, and 600-1200 g of polyethylene glycol 400 is added; after being heated to 200-250 DEG C, the mixture is reacted at 200-250 DEG C for 3-6 hours; the solid catalyst is removed by hot filtration to obtain the polyethylene glycol borate diglyceride.

[0019] Preferably, the concentration of the sodium selenite aqueous solution is 0.5-1.0 mol / L.

[0020] The application further discloses a selenium-rich rice obtained by planting the rice seedlings obtained by the seedling raising method.

[0021] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] Compared with the prior art of using a sodium selenite aqueous solution as a seed soaking solution, the seed soaking solution of the application has higher biological activity and higher safety because it is obtained by reducing sodium selenite with ascorbic acid. Furthermore, the addition of a stabilizer (seaweed polysaccharide, gelatin, carrageenan, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol borate diglyceride) in the preparation process of the selenium nano solution can effectively improve the stability of the selenium nano solution, thereby realizing the stability in the long-time soaking of rice seeds.

[0023] In the seedling raising method of the selenium-rich rice, the selenium nano solution prepared by the special method is used as the seed soaking solution, which can effectively improve the germination rate and emergence rate of rice seeds. In particular, the polyethylene glycol borate diglyceride used as the stabilizer has better effects on the germination rate and emergence rate of rice seeds than seaweed polysaccharide, gelatin, carrageenan and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The possible reason is that the polyethylene glycol borate diglyceride not only effectively improves the stability of the selenium nano solution, but also promotes the division and elongation of rice seed cell to a certain extent, which is beneficial to the germination and emergence of rice seeds. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The parameters of some substances in the embodiments of the application are as follows:

[0025] The seaweed polysaccharide used in the application is obtained by traditional water extraction and purification and has good water solubility.

[0026] Bimetallic cyanide complex catalyst, also known as DMC catalyst, Huai'an Bad polyurethane technology Co., Ltd.

[0027] Carrageenan, the carrageenan in the embodiment of the application is k-type carrageenan, Hebei Baipin Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0028] Polyvinylpyrrolidone, model K30, Jiangsu Yihao Tian Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0029] Glycerol borate, the molecular formula is as follows:

[0030]

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A method for growing seedlings of selenium-enriched rice, comprising the following steps:

[0033] S1 Select variety: select rice varieties with strong disease resistance and high and stable yield; In this embodiment, "Y Liangyou 1173" is selected as the seedling variety;

[0034] S2 Sunning, seed soaking and germination: sunning the seeds for 2 days, selecting seeds with 7wt% salt water, removing dry seeds; Soak in the seed soaking solution for 2 days, rinse thoroughly; Then germinate at 30℃, germinate for 4 days, and select seeds with new sprouts more than 1mm for sowing; 7wt% salt water is obtained by stirring 700g industrial salt in 9.3Kg water;

[0035] S3 Prepare seedbed: mix organic fertilizer and soil evenly, then level and compact to obtain the seedbed; The application amount of organic fertilizer is 12kg / m 2 ;

[0036] S4 Sowing and seedling: sow the germinated seeds on the seedbed, the sowing amount is 180g / m 2 ; Control the daytime temperature in the shed at 20-30℃; The night temperature is 5℃-20℃; Timely weeding during the period, the seedling period is 30 days.

[0037] The preparation method of the seed soaking solution is: 50g ascorbic acid is dissolved in 5L water, 5g fucoidan is added, 100mL sodium selenite aqueous solution is added dropwise under the condition of 50℃ and 200rpm stirring; After the dropwise addition is completed, stir for 20min under the condition of 50℃ and 200rpm; Dilute with water to 100 times to obtain the seed soaking solution; The concentration of the sodium selenite aqueous solution is 1mol / L.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] A method for growing seedlings of selenium-enriched rice, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1 Selecting variety: Selecting rice variety with strong disease resistance and high yield and stable yield; In this embodiment, "Y Liangyou 1173" is selected as the seedling variety;

[0041] S2 Sunning, seed soaking and germination: Sunning the seeds for 2 days on a sunny day, using 7wt% salt water for seed selection, removing dry seeds; Soaking in the seed soaking solution for 2 days, rinsing clean; Then germinating at 30°C, germination is completed after 4 days, and seeds with new sprouts longer than 1mm are selected for sowing; 7wt% salt water is obtained by stirring 700g industrial salt in 9.3Kg water;

[0042] S3 Making seedbed: The seedbed is obtained by mixing organic fertilizer and soil uniformly, leveling and compacting; The application amount of organic fertilizer is 12kg / m 2 ;

[0043] S4 Sowing and seedling: Sow the germinated seeds on the seedbed, the sowing amount is 180g / m 2 ; Control the temperature in the shed to be 20-30°C during the day and 5-20°C at night; Timely weeding during the period, and the seedling period is 30 days.

[0044] The preparation method of the seed soaking solution is as follows: 50g ascorbic acid is dissolved in 5L water, 5g gelatin is added, and 100mL sodium selenite aqueous solution is added dropwise under the condition of 50°C and 200rpm stirring; After the dropwise addition is completed, stirring is carried out at 50°C and 200rpm for 20min; After dilution with water by 100 times, the seed soaking solution is obtained; The concentration of the sodium selenite aqueous solution is 1mol / L.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] A seedling raising method of selenium-rich rice, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1 Selecting variety: Selecting rice variety with strong disease resistance and high yield and stable yield; In this embodiment, "Y Liangyou 1173" is selected as the seedling variety;

[0048] S2 Sunning, seed soaking and germination: Sunning the seeds for 2 days on a sunny day, using 7wt% salt water for seed selection, removing dry seeds; Soaking in the seed soaking solution for 2 days, rinsing clean; Then germinating at 30°C, germination is completed after 4 days, and seeds with new sprouts longer than 1mm are selected for sowing; 7wt% salt water is obtained by stirring 700g industrial salt in 9.3Kg water;

[0049] S3 Making seedbed: The seedbed is obtained by mixing organic fertilizer and soil uniformly, leveling and compacting; The application amount of organic fertilizer is 12kg / m 2 ;

[0050] S4 sowing, seedling: the seeds of good germination are sowed to the seedbed, and the sowing amount is 180g / m 2 ; the temperature in the shed is controlled at 20-30℃ during the day and 5℃-20℃ at night; weeds are removed in time, and the seedling period is 30 days.

[0051] The preparation method of the seed soaking solution is as follows: 50g of ascorbic acid is dissolved in 5L of water, 5g of carrageenan is added, 100mL of sodium selenite aqueous solution is added dropwise under the condition of 50℃ and 200rpm stirring, after the dropwise addition is completed, stirring and reaction are carried out under the condition of 50℃ and 200rpm for 20min, and after being diluted 100 times with water, the seed soaking solution is obtained; the concentration of the sodium selenite aqueous solution is 1mol / L.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] A seedling raising method of selenium-enriched rice, comprising the following steps:

[0054] S1 selecting varieties: selecting rice varieties with strong disease resistance and high and stable yield; in this embodiment, "Y Liangyou 1173" is selected as the seedling variety;

[0055] S2 seed drying, soaking and germination: seed drying is performed for 2 days on sunny days, and 7wt% salt water is used for seed selection to remove dry seeds; the seeds are soaked in the seed soaking solution for 2 days and then washed clean; then, seed germination is carried out at 30℃, and after 4 days of seed germination, the seed germination is completed, and seeds with new sprouts with a length of more than 1mm are selected for sowing; 7wt% salt water is obtained by stirring and mixing 700g of industrial salt in 9.3Kg of water;

[0056] S3 preparing seedbed: the seedbed is obtained by uniformly mixing organic fertilizer and soil, leveling and tamping; the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 12kg / m 2 ;

[0057] S4 sowing, seedling: the seeds of good germination are sowed to the seedbed, and the sowing amount is 180g / m 2 ; the temperature in the shed is controlled at 20-30℃ during the day and 5℃-20℃ at night; weeds are removed in time, and the seedling period is 30 days.

[0058] The preparation method of the seed soaking solution is as follows: 50g of ascorbic acid is dissolved in 5L of water, 5g of polyvinylpyrrolidone is added, 100mL of sodium selenite aqueous solution is added dropwise under the condition of 50℃ and 200rpm stirring, after the dropwise addition is completed, stirring and reaction are carried out under the condition of 50℃ and 200rpm for 20min, and after being diluted 100 times with water, the seed soaking solution is obtained; the concentration of the sodium selenite aqueous solution is 1mol / L.

[0059] Example 5

[0060] A seedling raising method of selenium-enriched rice comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1 selecting variety: selecting a rice variety with strong disease resistance and high and stable yield; in this embodiment, "Y Liangyou 1173" is selected as the seedling raising variety;

[0062] S2 seed drying, soaking and germination: the seeds are dried for 2 days on a sunny day, and 7wt% salt water is used for seed selection to remove dry seeds; the seeds are soaked in a soaking solution for 2 days and then washed clean; then the seeds are germinated at 30°C, and the germination is completed after 4 days; the seeds with new sprouts longer than 1mm are selected and ready for sowing; the 7wt% salt water is obtained by mixing 700g of industrial salt with 9.3Kg of water;

[0063] S3 preparing seedbed: the seedbed is obtained by mixing organic fertilizer and soil, leveling and compacting; the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 12kg / m 2 ;

[0064] S4 sowing and seedling raising: the seeds after germination are sowed on the seedbed, and the sowing amount is 180g / m 2 ; the temperature in the shed is controlled at 20-30°C during the day and 5-20°C at night; weeds are removed in time, and the seedling raising period is 30 days.

[0065] The preparation method of the soaking solution is as follows: 50g of ascorbic acid is dissolved in 5L of water, 5g of polyethylene glycol borate diglycerol ester is added, 100mL of sodium selenite aqueous solution is added dropwise under the condition of 50°C and 200rpm stirring; after the dropwise addition is completed, the stirring reaction is carried out at 50°C and 200rpm for 20min; and the soaking solution is obtained after being diluted 100 times with water; the concentration of the sodium selenite aqueous solution is 1mol / L.

[0066] The preparation method of the polyethylene glycol borate diglycerol ester is as follows: 200g of borate diglycerol ester and 2g of double metal cyanide complex catalyst are added into a polyether reaction kettle; air is discharged by nitrogen, 800g of polyethylene glycol 400 is added; the temperature is raised to 230°C, and the reaction is carried out for 5h; the solid catalyst is removed by filtration while hot, and the polyethylene glycol borate diglycerol ester is obtained.

[0067] Comparative example 1

[0068] A seedling raising method of selenium-enriched rice comprises the following steps:

[0069] S1 selecting variety: selecting a rice variety with strong disease resistance and high and stable yield; in this embodiment, "Y Liangyou 1173" is selected as the seedling raising variety;

[0070] S2: Sunning, soaking, and germination: Sunning seeds for 2 days, using 7wt% salt water to select seeds and remove dry seeds; soaking in water for 2 days and then washing clean; then germinating at 30℃, and the germination is completed after 4 days, and seeds with new sprouts longer than 1mm are selected for sowing; 7wt% salt water is obtained by mixing 700g of industrial salt in 9.3kg of water;

[0071] S3: Preparing seedbed: the seedbed is obtained by mixing organic fertilizer and soil, leveling, and compacting; the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 12kg / m 2 ;

[0072] S4: Sowing and seedling raising: sowing the germinated seeds on the seedbed, the sowing amount is 180g / m 2 ; controlling the indoor temperature at 20-30℃ during the day and 5-20℃ at night; timely weeding during the period, and the seedling raising period is 30 days.

[0073] Comparative Example 2

[0074] A seedling raising method of selenium-rich rice includes the following steps:

[0075] S1: Selecting variety: selecting rice varieties with strong disease resistance and high and stable yield; in this embodiment, Y Liangyou 1173 is selected as the seedling raising variety;

[0076] S2: Sunning, soaking, and germination: Sunning seeds for 2 days, using 7wt% salt water to select seeds and remove dry seeds; soaking in the soaking liquid for 2 days and then washing clean; then germinating at 30℃, and the germination is completed after 4 days, and seeds with new sprouts longer than 1mm are selected for sowing; 7wt% salt water is obtained by mixing 700g of industrial salt in 9.3kg of water;

[0077] S3: Preparing seedbed: the seedbed is obtained by mixing organic fertilizer and soil, leveling, and compacting; the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 12kg / m 2 ;

[0078] S4: Sowing and seedling raising: sowing the germinated seeds on the seedbed, the sowing amount is 180g / m 2 ; controlling the indoor temperature at 20-30℃ during the day and 5-20℃ at night; timely weeding during the period, and the seedling raising period is 30 days.

[0079] The preparation method of the soaking liquid is as follows: 50g of ascorbic acid is dissolved in 5L of water, 100mL of sodium selenite aqueous solution is added dropwise under the condition of 50℃ and 200rpm stirring, and then stirred for 20min under the condition of 50℃ and 200rpm after the addition is completed; and the soaking liquid is obtained by diluting 100 times with water; the concentration of the sodium selenite aqueous solution is 34.6g / L.

[0080] Test Example 1

[0081] The germination rate of step S2 and the emergence rate of step S4 in the seedling raising method of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of the present application were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 1 is a blank control, and the change in the germination rate and the emergence rate was calculated.

[0082] Germination rate = number of germination / number of seed grains × 100%

[0083] Emergence rate = number of emergence / number of sowing grains × 100%

[0084] Note: The number of germination is counted as the length of the new sprout being more than 1 mm after the end of the germination; the number of emergence is counted as the height of the seedling being more than 12 cm after the end of the seedling raising.

[0085] Table 1

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] As can be seen from Table 1, in the selenium-rich rice seedling raising method of the present application, the selenium nano solution prepared by the specific method is used as the seed soaking liquid, which can effectively improve the germination rate and emergence rate of the rice seeds. In particular, the use of polyethylene glycol borate diglycerol ester as a stabilizer has a better effect on the germination rate and emergence rate of the rice seeds than seaweed polysaccharide, gelatin, carrageenan, and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The possible reason is that polyethylene glycol borate diglycerol ester not only effectively improves the stability of selenium nano, but also the boron element in polyethylene glycol borate diglycerol ester can further promote the division and elongation of rice seed cell to a certain extent, which is conducive to the germination and emergence of the rice seeds.

Claims

1. A method for raising seedlings of selenium-enriched rice, characterized by, It comprises the following steps: S1: Selecting a variety: selecting a rice variety with strong disease resistance and high and stable yield; S2: Sunning, seed soaking, and germination: sunning the seeds for 1-2 days and using 5-10 wt% salt water for seed selection to remove dry seeds; soaking in the seed soaking liquid for 1-2 days and rinsing clean; then germinating at 30°C until the new rice sprouts grow to 1 mm; 5-10 wt% salt water is obtained by stirring 500-1000 g of industrial salt in 9.0-9.5 Kg of water; S3 Making seedbed: the seedbed is obtained by leveling and compacting the mixture of organic fertilizer and soil; the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 10-20 kg / m 2 ; S4 Sowing and seedling raising: sow the seeds that have been soaked to the seedbed, the sowing amount is 150-300 g / m 2 ; control the temperature in the shed in the day at 20-30℃; the temperature at night is 5℃-20℃; weed in time during the period, and the seedling raising period is 30 days; The preparation method of the seed soaking liquid is as follows: 35.2-52.8 g of a reducing agent is dissolved in 5 L of water, 3-10 g of a stabilizer is added, and then 100 mL of a sodium selenite aqueous solution is added dropwise at 40-60°C and a stirring speed of 100-300 rpm; after the dropwise addition is completed, the stirring is continued at 40-60°C and a stirring speed of 100-300 rpm for 10-30 min; and then the seed soaking liquid is obtained by diluting with water; The reducing agent is ascorbic acid; The stabilizer is polyethylene glycol borate diglycerol ester; The preparation method of the polyethylene glycol borate diglycerol ester is as follows: 100-300 g of borate diglycerol ester and 1-3 g of a double metal cyanide complex catalyst are added to a polyether reaction kettle; air is discharged by nitrogen, 600-1200 g of polyethylene glycol 400 is added; after being heated to 200-250°C, the reaction is carried out at 200-250°C for 3-6 h; the solid catalyst is removed by filtration while hot, and the polyethylene glycol borate diglycerol ester is obtained.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is a method of raising the selenium-enriched rice seedlings. The concentration of the sodium selenite aqueous solution is 0.5-1.0 mol / L.

3. A rice seed soaking solution, characterized by, The preparation method is as follows: 35.2-52.8 g of a reducing agent is dissolved in 5 L of water, 3-10 g of a stabilizer is added, and then 100 mL of a sodium selenite aqueous solution is added dropwise at 40-60°C and a stirring speed of 100-300 rpm; after the dropwise addition is completed, the stirring is continued at 40-60°C and a stirring speed of 100-300 rpm for 10-30 min; and then the seed soaking liquid is obtained by diluting with water; the reducing agent is ascorbic acid; the stabilizer is polyethylene glycol borate diglycerol ester; and the concentration of the sodium selenite aqueous solution is 0.5-1.0 mol / L. The preparation method of the polyethylene glycol borate diglycerol ester is as follows: 100-300 g of borate diglycerol ester and 1-3 g of a double metal cyanide complex catalyst are added to a polyether reaction kettle; air is discharged by nitrogen, 600-1200 g of polyethylene glycol 400 is added; after being heated to 200-250°C, the reaction is carried out at 200-250°C for 3-6 h; the solid catalyst is removed by filtration while hot, and the polyethylene glycol borate diglycerol ester is obtained.

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