A screening device suitable for combined harvesting of milkvetch (Astragalus membranaceus).

Abstract

This invention provides a screening device suitable for combined harvesting of milkvetch, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery. It includes a frame, from top to bottom, mounted a hammer cleaning mechanism, a rubber ball cleaning mechanism, a lower screen, a brush cleaning mechanism, and a bottom plate. The hammer cleaning mechanism is fixed above the rubber ball cleaning mechanism, which is tilted and fixed to the frame. The rubber ball cleaning mechanism includes a screen frame, with an upper screen mounted on its upper surface. A first material collection device is connected to the right side of the upper screen, and this device is connected to a first discharge trough via a discharge pipe. A rubber ball cleaning plate is installed below the upper screen. The hammer strikes the upper part of the upper screen in the rubber ball cleaning mechanism, causing the rubber balls inside to randomly and elastically collide within the ball grid and continuously impact the lower part of the upper screen. Material retained in the upper screen holes is cleaned out through vibration. The brush cleaning mechanism cleans the lower screen, removing retained material through reciprocating motion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and specifically to a screening device suitable for the combined harvesting of milkvetch. Background Technology

[0002] Most green manure crops are harvested using traditional rice and wheat combine harvesters. The materials obtained after combine harvesting mainly consist of six components: grains, pod shells, stems of different lengths, light debris, small grass seed particles, and a small amount of broken soil. When the threshing effect is insufficient, a small amount of unthreshed pods may also be mixed in with the material.

[0003] Currently, when grain separators and cleaners are used for separating and cleaning milk clover harvested materials, relevant research shows that during the airflow separation and cleaning process, it is possible to effectively separate the significantly different components such as pods, stems, and broken soil from the milk clover seeds. However, pod shells and lightweight impurities with similar suspension velocities to the seeds are easily mixed with them. Simply controlling the airflow speed to adjust the separation and cleaning effect can easily lead to a large loss rate of milk clover seeds. Furthermore, due to the small differences in the mass of the material components, grain separators and cleaners are poorly adaptable to milk clover harvested materials, easily causing loss of milk clover seeds. Therefore, the separation and cleaning process of milk clover harvested materials still largely relies on a combination of manual winnowing and manual screening. However, this combination of manual winnowing and manual screening is labor-intensive and inefficient, seriously hindering the sustainable development of the milk clover industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies and further improve the separation and cleaning effect and mechanization level of milkvetch combined harvested materials. It provides a screening device suitable for milkvetch combined harvested materials, which can achieve graded separation and cleaning of different components of the milkvetch combined harvested materials.

[0005] Technical solution: The present invention provides a screening device suitable for combined harvesting of milkvetch, comprising a frame, wherein the frame is equipped with a hammer cleaning mechanism, a rubber ball cleaning mechanism, a lower screen, a brush cleaning mechanism and a bottom plate respectively from top to bottom;

[0006] The hammer cleaning mechanism is fixed above the rubber ball cleaning mechanism, including mounting seats fixed on both sides of the frame. A hammer connecting rod is installed between the two mounting seats. An adjustment handle is installed on the drive end of the hammer connecting rod. A first hammer is fixedly installed in the middle of the hammer connecting rod. A second hammer is connected to the output end of the hammer connecting rod through a four-bar linkage.

[0007] The rubber ball cleaning and screening mechanism is tilted and fixed on the frame, including a screen frame, an upper screen is installed on the upper surface of the screen frame, a first material collection device is connected to the right side of the upper screen, the first material collection device is connected to a first material discharge trough through a material discharge pipe, and a rubber ball cleaning plate is installed below the upper screen.

[0008] The brush cleaning mechanism includes a brush connecting rod, one end of which is connected to a brush fixing frame. A set of brushes are evenly distributed vertically above the brush fixing frame, and a set of sliding rollers are slidably installed below the brush fixing frame. The sliding rollers are mounted on the frame.

[0009] The bottom plate has a second material collection device, which is connected to a second waste discharge trough.

[0010] The screening device is connected to an eccentric vibration drive mechanism. The hammer cleaning mechanism strikes the upper part of the upper screen of the rubber ball cleaning device. The rubber balls in the rubber ball cleaning device randomly and elastically collide within the ball grid and continuously impact the lower part of the upper screen. The material retained in the upper screen hole is cleaned out of the upper screen hole by vibration. The brush cleaning mechanism cleans the lower screen and removes the material retained in the screen hole through reciprocating motion.

[0011] Furthermore, the rubber ball cleaning plate includes a material drop plate located below the upper screen. A set of rubber ball baffles is placed between the material drop plate and the upper screen. The rubber ball baffles divide the space between the material drop plate and the upper screen into multiple rubber ball impact grids. A set of rubber balls of different sizes is placed in the rubber ball impact grids.

[0012] Furthermore, the number of rubber balls placed in each rubber ball impact grid is 2 to 4, the rubber balls are made of nitrile rubber, and the diameter of the rubber balls ranges from 8 to 24 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper sieve is a long-hole sieve with a hole width ranging from 1.4 to 1.6 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower sieve is a round hole sieve with a hole diameter ranging from 1.0 to 1.2 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom plate includes a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate that are respectively connected to the frame on both sides. The first connecting plate is connected to a first receiving plate that is inclined towards the center, and the second connecting plate is connected to a second receiving plate that is inclined towards the center. A sinking second collecting device is formed between the first receiving plate and the second receiving plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the rubber ball cleaning mechanism has an angle with the horizontal plane, ranging from 3 to 6°.

[0017] Furthermore, the brush includes an upward-facing cleaning brush that extends 0.5-1 mm into the lower sieve hole.

[0018] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] (1) The present invention achieves graded cleaning of materials of different quality and composition by designing a screening device, including a hammer cleaning mechanism, a rubber ball cleaning mechanism, a lower screen and a brush cleaning mechanism working together;

[0020] (2) The present invention is connected to the hammer cleaning mechanism through a four-bar linkage mechanism, so as to realize the stepless adjustment of the hammer's striking angle on the rubber ball cleaning mechanism, thereby steplessly adjusting the striking intensity of the hammer and achieving the cleaning degree of different materials.

[0021] (3) The present invention is designed with a rubber ball cleaning plate. Rubber balls of different diameters randomly and elastically collide in the rubber ball space and continuously impact the material drop plate and the upper screen. The material retained in the screen hole is ejected from the screen hole under the combined action of the rubber ball impact force, the forced vibration of the material drop plate, the equivalent impact force, gravity, inertial force, friction force, and inter-seed force, thus achieving cleaning.

[0022] (4) The present invention is designed with a brush cleaning mechanism, which is driven by a crankshaft mechanism to perform reciprocating motion to clean the lower screen, thereby further removing the material left in the screen holes. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hammer cleaning mechanism in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber ball cleaning and screening mechanism in this invention;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the brush cleaning mechanism in this invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower base plate in this invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described.

[0031] Example 1: Screening Device

[0032] like Figure 1The screening device shown is suitable for the combined harvesting of milkvetch materials, including a frame 1, from top to bottom of which are installed a hammer cleaning mechanism 2, a rubber ball cleaning mechanism 3, a lower screen 4, a brush cleaning mechanism 5 and a bottom plate 6;

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the hammer cleaning mechanism 2 is fixed above the rubber ball cleaning mechanism 3, including mounting seats 2-1 fixed on both sides of the frame 1. A hammer connecting rod 2-2 is installed between the two mounting seats 2-1. An adjusting handle 2-3 is installed at the drive end of the hammer connecting rod 2-2. A first hammer 2-4 is fixedly installed in the middle of the hammer connecting rod 2-2. A second hammer 2-6 is connected to the output end of the hammer connecting rod 2-2 through a four-bar linkage 2-5. The adjusting handle 2-3 is fixed on the frame. When the screening device vibrates, the adjusting handle swings back and forth in the arc groove 2-7 by bolts.

[0034] like Figures 3-4 As shown, the rubber ball cleaning mechanism 3 is tilted and fixed on the frame 1, including a screen frame 3-1. An upper screen 3-2 is installed on the upper surface of the screen frame 3-1. A first material collection device 7-1 is connected to the right side of the upper screen 3-2. The first material collection device 7-1 is connected to a first material discharge trough 7-2 through a material discharge pipe. A rubber ball cleaning plate is installed below the upper screen 3-2. The rubber ball cleaning plate includes a material drop plate 3-3 located below the upper screen 3-2. A set of rubber ball baffles 3-5 is placed between the material drop plate 3-3 and the upper screen 3-2. The rubber ball baffles 3-5 divide the space between the material drop plate 3-3 and the upper screen 3-2 into multiple rubber ball impact grids. A set of rubber balls 3-4 of different sizes are placed in the rubber ball impact grids.

[0035] Rubber balls of varying diameters are randomly placed in each grid, with 2 to 4 balls in total. The upper screen is a long-slot screen with dimensions of 36 × 1.5 mm. The rubber balls are made of nitrile rubber with a diameter D of 8 to 24 mm. The grid height H1 is 29 mm. The rubber ball baffle spacing L is 120 mm, the baffle height is 18 mm, and the baffle cone inclination angle is 95°. The material discharge plate has long slot holes with dimensions of 21 × 6 mm. To prevent the rubber balls from detaching from the screen frame during screen vibration, the height H2 of the screen frame crossbar of the rubber ball cleaning device must meet the following conditions.

[0036] (1)

[0037] In the formula, D min The minimum diameter of the selected rubber ball is 24 mm; after calculation and rounding, H2 is designed to be 24 mm.

[0038] like Figure 5As shown, the brush cleaning mechanism 5 includes a brush connecting rod 5-1, one end of which is connected to a brush fixing frame 5-2. A set of brushes 5-3 are evenly distributed vertically above the brush fixing frame 5-2, and a set of sliding rollers 5-4 are slidably installed below the brush fixing frame 5-2. The sliding rollers 5-4 are mounted on the frame 1. The brushes 5-3 include cleaning brushes facing upwards, which extend 0.5~1cm into the screen holes of the lower screen 4.

[0039] like Figure 6 As shown, the bottom plate 6 includes a first connecting plate 6-1 and a second connecting plate 6-2 that are respectively connected to the frame on both sides. The first connecting plate 6-1 is connected to a first receiving plate 6-3 that is inclined towards the center. The second connecting plate 6-2 is connected to a second receiving plate 6-4 that is inclined towards the center. A sunken second collecting device 8-1 is formed between the first receiving plate 6-3 and the second receiving plate 6-4. The second collecting device 8-1 is connected to a second waste discharge trough 8-2.

[0040] The screening device is connected to an eccentric vibration drive mechanism. The hammer cleaning mechanism 2 strikes the rubber ball cleaning mechanism 3 to remove the material stuck in the screen holes through vibration. The brush cleaning mechanism 5 cleans the lower screen 4 and removes the material stuck in the screen holes through reciprocating motion.

[0041] In this embodiment, the upper sieve 3-2 is a long-hole sieve with a hole width of 1.5mm, the lower sieve 4 is a round-hole sieve with a round hole diameter of 1.0mm, and the rubber ball cleaning mechanism 3 has an angle of 6° with the horizontal plane.

[0042] Example 2: Screening device and its driving device

[0043] like Figure 7 The connection between the screening device and the drive device is shown. The drive device includes a drive motor 9-1 mounted on the frame 1, controlled by an external control box. The output end of the drive motor 9-1 is connected to a drive wheel 9-2, which drives the rubber ball cleaning mechanism to vibrate up, down, left, and right. The drive wheel 9-2 is connected to a brush pulley 9-4 via a transmission wheel 9-3, which drives the brush cleaning mechanism 5 to reciprocate. The transmission wheel 9-3 is connected to an eccentric vibration drive mechanism 9-5, on both sides of which flywheels 9-6 are symmetrically arranged. Through the coordinated work of the eccentric vibration drive mechanism and the flywheels on both sides, vibration damping can be achieved in the screening device.

[0044] Working principle: The screening device reciprocates under the drive of the eccentric vibration mechanism 9-5. During the screening process, seeds that fall onto the upper screen of the screening device and whose thickness or width is smaller than the size of the upper screen hole pass through the upper screen and fall onto the lower screen. Large impurities that are larger than the size of the upper screen hole slide down the screen surface and are discharged through the first row of impurity troughs. Seeds and impurities that fall onto the lower screen and whose size is smaller than the size of the lower screen hole fall through the lower screen surface onto the lower bottom plate and are discharged through the second row of impurity troughs. The remaining seeds slide out from the lower screen surface and are discharged through the seed drop pipe connected to it.

[0045] As described above, although the invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the invention itself. Various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A screening device suitable for combined harvesting of milkvetch materials, characterized in that: The machine includes a frame (1), from top to bottom, a hammer cleaning mechanism (2), a rubber ball cleaning mechanism (3), a lower screen (4), a brush cleaning mechanism (5), and a bottom plate (6). The hammer cleaning mechanism (2) is fixed above the rubber ball cleaning mechanism (3), including mounting seats (2-1) fixed on both sides of the frame (1), a hammer connecting rod (2-2) is installed between the two mounting seats (2-1), an adjusting handle (2-3) is installed at the driving end of the hammer connecting rod (2-2), and a first hammer (2-4) and a second hammer (2-6) are fixedly installed in the middle of the hammer connecting rod (2-2); the output end of the adjusting handle (2-3) is connected to the four-bar linkage (2-5); the adjusting handle (2-3) is limited in the arc groove (2-7) by bolts to realize stepless adjustment of the striking angle, thereby adjusting the striking intensity; The rubber ball cleaning and screening mechanism (3) is fixedly inclined on the frame (1) and includes a screen frame (3-1). An upper screen (3-2) is installed on the upper surface of the screen frame (3-1). A first material collection device (7-1) is connected to the right side of the upper screen (3-2). The first material collection device (7-1) is connected to a first material discharge trough (7-2) through a material discharge pipe. A rubber ball cleaning plate is installed below the upper screen (3-2). The rubber ball cleaning plate includes a material drop plate (3-3) located below the upper screen (3-2). A set of rubber ball baffles (3-5) is placed between the material drop plate (3-3) and the upper screen (3-2). The rubber ball baffles (3-5) divide the space between the material drop plate (3-3) and the upper screen (3-2) into multiple rubber ball impact grids. A set of rubber balls (3-4) of different sizes are placed in the rubber ball impact grids. The brush cleaning mechanism (5) includes a brush connecting rod (5-1), one end of which is connected to a brush fixing frame (5-2). A set of brushes (5-3) are evenly distributed on the upper part of the brush fixing frame (5-2) along the vertical direction. A set of sliding rollers (5-4) are slidably installed on the lower part of the brush fixing frame (5-2). The sliding rollers (5-4) are installed on the frame (1). The lower base plate (6) has a second material collection device (8-1), and the second material collection device (8-1) is connected to a second waste discharge trough (8-2); the lower base plate (6) includes a first connecting plate (6-1) and a second connecting plate (6-2) that are respectively connected to the frame on both sides, the first connecting plate (6-1) is connected to a first receiving plate (6-3) that is inclined towards the center, and the second connecting plate (6-2) is connected to a second receiving plate (6-4) that is inclined towards the center, and a sunken second material collection device (8-1) is formed between the first receiving plate (6-3) and the second receiving plate (6-4); The screening device is connected to an eccentric vibration drive mechanism. The hammer cleaning mechanism (2) strikes the rubber ball cleaning mechanism (3) to remove the material stuck in the screen hole by vibration. The brush cleaning mechanism (5) cleans the lower screen (4) and removes the material stuck in the screen hole by reciprocating motion.

2. The screening device for combined harvesting of milkvetch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of rubber balls placed in each impact grid is 2 to 4. The rubber balls are made of nitrile rubber and have a diameter ranging from 8 to 24 mm.

3. A screening device for combined harvesting of milkvetch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper sieve (3-2) is a long-hole sieve with a pore size range of 1.4~1.6mm.

4. A screening device for combined harvesting of milkvetch materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower sieve (4) is a round hole sieve with a round hole diameter ranging from 1.0 to 1.2 mm.

5. A screening device for combined harvesting of milkvetch materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber ball cleaning mechanism (3) has an angle with the horizontal plane, with the angle ranging from 3 to 6°.

6. A screening device for combined harvesting of milkvetch materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brush (5-3) includes an upward-facing cleaning brush that extends 0.5-1 cm into the sieve hole of the lower sieve (4).

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