A multifunctional pontoon for typhoon-resistant and ocean-current power generation with adaptive control of wind turbine lifting

Abstract

The present invention discloses a typhoon-resistant ocean current power generation multifunctional pontoon with adaptive control of wind turbine lifting and lowering, comprising a pontoon, an ocean current power generation system, and a servo lifting system. Multiple compartments are formed in the pontoon by arranging multiple partitions, and the compartments are filled with air to provide buoyancy for the upper wind turbine main structure; the ocean current power generation system is composed of an ocean current generator, a rotating shaft, and runner blades, and the pontoon serves as an ocean current power generation runner; the servo lifting system includes a wind and rain sensor, an acceleration sensor, a servo motor, a screw elevator, and a movable bottom plate. When typhoon rain or acceleration exceeds a limit, the present invention can send a control signal to drive the servo motor, and control the lifting and lowering of the movable bottom plate of each compartment in real time through the screw elevator to adjust the drainage volume of each compartment, thereby achieving overall settlement or attitude adjustment of the floating wind turbine. The motion response time is greatly reduced in extreme typhoon environments, significantly improving the typhoon resistance of the floating wind turbine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of floating wind turbine foundations, and in particular relates to a typhoon-resistant and ocean-current power generation multifunctional buoyancy box capable of adaptively controlling the lifting and lowering of a wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, there has been a clear trend towards larger wind turbines, which has increased the profitability of wind farms while also bringing about structural wind resistance issues. Offshore wind power has advantages over traditional onshore wind power, such as abundant wind energy resources and a vast area of ​​available space. However, offshore wind power equipment is located at sea and may face a greater risk of damage from extreme disasters such as typhoons and huge waves, which is also the main reason for the failure and damage of offshore wind turbines. Chinese patent application number 201120115628.8 discloses a floating wind power generation platform. Through optimized design, the center of gravity of the entire wind power generation platform is much lower than the center of buoyancy. When the wind turbine tilts, it will generate a large restoring torque, thereby resisting the impact of wind and waves. However, this passive control method has poor adaptability and control effect to environmental changes. How to ensure structural safety under extreme disasters such as typhoons is something that the above-mentioned passive control method cannot solve.

[0003] Because the wind turbine's mass is primarily concentrated in the upper portion of the structure, the overall center of gravity is higher than the center of buoyancy, making floating wind turbines susceptible to capsizing in extreme disasters such as typhoons. Therefore, applying active control lift technology to floating wind turbines allows the platform to actively control and adjust its displacement volume in typhoon conditions, thereby causing the overall structure to settle, effectively enhancing its typhoon-resistant performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned existing technologies and provide a typhoon-resistant and ocean-current power generation multifunctional buoyancy box with adaptive control of wind turbine lifting and lowering; by filling the interior with air to provide buoyancy for the upper wind turbine main structure, the ocean current impacts the runner blades to drive the buoyancy box to rotate to achieve ocean current power generation, and increases the angular momentum of the structure, improving the overall stability of the structure; by controlling the lifting and lowering of the movable bottom plate of each cabin through the servo lifting system, actively adjusting the drainage volume of each cabin, achieving the overall settlement or attitude adjustment of the floating wind turbine in a typhoon environment, which can effectively enhance the typhoon resistance of the floating wind turbine.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A typhoon-resistant and ocean-current power generation multifunctional pontoon with adaptive control of wind turbine lifting comprises a pontoon, an ocean-current power generation system and a servo lifting system. The pontoon is formed into multiple compartments by setting multiple partitions. Each compartment is filled with air to provide buoyancy for the upper wind turbine main structure. The ocean-current power generation system consists of an ocean-current generator, a rotating shaft and a runner blade. The wind turbine main structure is fixed on the upper part of the ocean-current generator. The pontoon is used as an ocean-current power generation runner. The ocean current impacts the runner blades to drive the rotation of the shaft. The ocean-current generator converts the rotational mechanical energy into electrical energy to realize ocean-current power generation. At the same time, the angular momentum generated by the rotation of the pontoon improves the overall stability of the floating wind turbine. The servo lifting system comprises a wind and rain sensor, an acceleration sensor, a servo motor and a wind-driven accelerometer. The wind turbine comprises a machine, a spiral elevator and a movable bottom plate, a wind and rain sensor, and an acceleration sensor installed on the top of the wind turbine cabin. When typhoon rain or structural acceleration exceeds the limit, an active control signal is sent to drive the servo motor. The servo motor is installed together with the spiral elevator. The upper part of the spiral elevator is fixed on the top plate of each cabin, and the lower part is fixed on the movable bottom plate through a screw rod. When the control signal is received, the servo motor drives the screw rod to rise and fall, thereby driving the movable bottom plate to rise and fall. In this way, the drainage volume of each cabin is controlled to achieve the overall settlement or attitude adjustment of the floating wind turbine. Furthermore, the wind turbine is a horizontal axis wind turbine or a vertical axis wind turbine, which is fixed to the top plate of the ocean current generator by welding or a flange.

[0007] Furthermore, the diameter, height, material and shaft length of the pontoon can be optimized according to the weight of the upper wind turbine, construction cost and actual local sea conditions, and the pontoon is fixed to the seabed by mooring.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer walls of the ocean current generator, the rotating shaft and the upper wind turbine tower form a cavity, the rotating shaft extends downward to the bottom plate of the pontoon, and air holes are opened on the side walls of the middle part of the wind turbine tower and the part where the rotating shaft penetrates into the pontoon. The air holes at the tower are provided with anti-backflow devices, which can prevent liquid from entering the interior of the structure, and air can be discharged and inhaled through the air holes when controlling the lifting and lowering of the bottom plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the runner blades are vertical axis variable pitch straight blades to maintain high hydraulic efficiency. The runner blades are connected to the pontoon through a connecting shaft. The ocean current impacts the runner blades to drive the pontoon and the rotating shaft to rotate. The ocean current generator includes a stator and a rotor. The rotor is fixed on the upper part of the rotating shaft. A sealing ring is provided at the connection between the rotating shaft and the ocean current generator casing to prevent water from entering. The rotor generates electricity by rotating and cutting the magnetic lines of force in the magnetic field generated by the stator.

[0010] Furthermore, the wind and rain sensor and acceleration sensor are installed on the top of the wind turbine cabin. The wireless wind and rain sensor and wireless acceleration sensor respectively measure the wind pressure, rainfall intensity and acceleration at the top of the wind turbine, and transmit the data to the intelligent servo controller. The intelligent servo controller generates and transmits an active control signal to control the start of the servo motor. The intelligent servo controller is placed inside the wind turbine cabin.

[0011] Furthermore, three servo motors and three screw elevators are provided in the middle of each cabin. The servo motors and screw elevators are installed together. The upper part of the screw elevator is fixed to the top plate of each cabin by welding, and the lower part is fixed to the movable bottom plate by screw welding or flange. A rubber sealing ring is provided on the movable bottom plate to prevent seawater from pouring in. The servo motor of each cabin controls the lifting and lowering of the screw according to the active control signal received, thereby driving the lifting and lowering of the movable bottom plate, changing the drainage volume of each cabin, and achieving the effect of adjusting the center of gravity and the center of buoyancy of the structure.

[0012] Furthermore, when the wind pressure and rainfall intensity are too high, each compartment will simultaneously raise the movable bottom plate to the highest position, the drainage volume will reach the minimum, the center of gravity of the structure will move downward, and the center of buoyancy will move upward. The overall stability of the floating wind turbine will be significantly enhanced. When the acceleration in a certain direction is too large, the movable bottom plate on the side opposite to the acceleration direction will be raised to reduce the buoyancy of the structure on this side, thereby effectively reducing the structural acceleration response.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1) The multifunctional pontoon of the present invention can serve not only as a floating foundation for the wind turbine structure, but also as a runner for ocean current power generation. When the wind turbine is shut down due to harsh environment, ocean current power generation can be continuously performed, giving full play to the good complementarity of wind energy and ocean current energy, and improving the overall power generation efficiency of the wind turbine. At the same time, the angular momentum generated by the rotation of the pontoon can significantly enhance the overall stability of the floating wind turbine.

[0015] 2) Compared to traditional floating wind turbines, this invention actively controls the height of the structure's center of gravity through a servo lift system. When wind pressure, rainfall intensity, or acceleration monitored by sensors exceed limits, a controller issues an active control signal, and the servo motors in each compartment raise and lower the movable baseplate accordingly. When wind pressure or rainfall intensity is excessive, the entire wind turbine settles, shifting the structure's center of gravity downward and its center of buoyancy upward, significantly enhancing overall structural stability. When acceleration in one direction is excessive, the buoyancy in the opposite direction is reduced, directly minimizing the acceleration response of the floating wind turbine structure and ensuring both power generation efficiency and structural safety.

[0016] 3) The present invention has good applicability and practicality. Under different wind turbine weights, wind turbine types, environmental conditions and construction costs, the requirements can be met by changing the materials, geometric dimensions, etc. of the multifunctional pontoon. The applicable objects and scope of application are very broad. At the same time, compared with passive control, the proposed active control method can perform real-time control according to the external environment and has better control effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multifunctional buoyancy tank of the present invention in normal operating state;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sinking state of the multifunctional pontoon of the present invention under a typhoon environment;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the posture adjustment of the multifunctional buoyancy box of the present invention when the acceleration is too large;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the multifunctional pontoon ocean current power generation system of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the servo lifting system of each compartment of the multifunctional buoyancy tank of the present invention;

[0022] The figures are marked as follows: buoyancy box 1, partition 1-1, cabin 1-2, air hole 1-3, ocean current power generation system 2, ocean current generator 2-1, rotating shaft 2-2, runner blade 2-3, servo lifting system 3, wind and rain sensor 3-1, acceleration sensor 3-2, servo motor 3-3, screw lift 3-4, movable bottom plate 3-5, screw 3-6, wind turbine 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The upper part of the typhoon-resistant and ocean-current power generation multifunctional pontoon shown is an NREL5MW wind turbine 4. The tower of the wind turbine 4 is fixed above the ocean-current generator 2-1 by welding or flange connection. A hole is opened in the top plate of the ocean-current generator 2-1 so that the outer walls of the ocean-current generator 2-1, the rotating shaft 2-2 and the upper wind turbine 4 tower form a cavity to ensure that gas can circulate, so that air can be automatically sucked in and exhausted when the displacement volume of the pontoon 1 is subsequently adjusted.

[0026] In this embodiment, the ocean current generator 2-1, the rotating shaft 2-2, and the multifunctional pontoon 1 are all cylindrical and made of structural steel. The ocean current generator 2-1 is an electromagnetic synchronous generator to improve the quality of the output power. The runner blades 2-3 are vertical axis variable pitch straight blades, with six blades arranged every 60 degrees to maintain high hydraulic efficiency. This allows continued ocean current power generation even when the wind turbine 4 is shut down due to harsh environmental conditions, fully leveraging the complementary nature of wind and ocean current energy to improve the overall power generation efficiency of the wind turbine 4. Furthermore, the angular momentum generated by the rotation of the pontoon 1 significantly enhances the overall stability of the wind turbine 4.

[0027] In the embodiment, the servo lifting system 3 includes a wind and rain sensor 3-1, an acceleration sensor 3-2, a servo motor 3-3, a screw lift 3-4 and a movable base plate 3-5; the wind and rain sensor 3-1 and the acceleration sensor 3-2 are installed on the top of the wind turbine 4 cabin, and are respectively used to measure the wind pressure, rain intensity and acceleration at the top of the wind turbine 4. The wireless wind and rain sensor 3-1 and the wireless acceleration sensor 3-2 respectively use BALUK-433 wireless sensor and MMS-F-A01 wireless sensor, which can detect the corresponding signal and transmit it to the intelligent servo controller via radio signals. When the set limit is exceeded, the intelligent servo controller generates and transmits an active control signal to control the start of the servo motor 3-3. The intelligent servo controller and the sensor are placed inside the cabin of the wind turbine 4.

[0028] In the embodiment, the servo lifting system 3 adopts mattkeMSR0260 / L4-030 brushless servo motor and SJA80 screw elevator. Three servo motors 3-3 and three screw elevators 3-4 are provided in the middle of each cabin 1-2. The screw elevators 3-4 are fixed by welding. When the servo motor 3-3 receives the active control signal sent by the intelligent servo controller, the servo motor 3-3 drives the worm gear of the screw elevator 3-4 to rotate and make the screw rod 3-6 rise and fall. The screw rod 3-6 is connected to the movable bottom plate 3-5 through the flange to drive the bottom plate to rise and fall synchronously. A rubber sealing ring is provided on the movable bottom plate 3-5 to prevent seawater from pouring in.

[0029] In the embodiment, the pontoon 1 forms six compartments 1-2 by arranging six partitions 1-1. The partitions 1-1 are made of structural steel plates, and the upper and lower edges are fixed to the pontoon 1 by welding. Each compartment 1-2 is filled with air to provide buoyancy for the main structure of the wind turbine 4 at the top. The rotating shaft 2-2 extends downward to the bottom plate of the pontoon 1. Air holes 1-3 are opened on the side walls of the middle part of the tower of the wind turbine 4 and the part where the rotating shaft 2-2 penetrates into the pontoon 1. The air holes 1-3 at the tower are provided with anti-backflow devices, which can prevent liquid from entering the interior of the structure. When controlling the lifting and lowering of the bottom plate, air can be discharged and inhaled through the air holes 1-3.

[0030] In this embodiment, the intelligent controller utilizes a RAEFMC-2000 wireless intelligent controller, which can issue different active control signals based on different environmental conditions. When the wind pressure, rainfall intensity, or acceleration monitored by the sensors exceeds a limit, the intelligent controller issues an active control signal, causing each compartment 1-2 to synchronously raise its movable floor 3-5 to its highest position, minimizing the displacement volume. This lowers the entire wind turbine 4, shifting the structural center of gravity downward and the center of buoyancy upward, significantly enhancing the overall stability of the wind turbine 4. When excessive acceleration is detected in a particular direction, the intelligent controller issues a control signal to raise the movable floor 3-5 on the side opposite the acceleration, reducing the buoyancy on that side of the structure. This effectively minimizes the structural acceleration response, ensuring the power generation efficiency and structural safety of the wind turbine 4.

[0031] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions based on the principles of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional buoyancy box for typhoon-resistant and ocean current-powered electricity generation with adaptive control of wind turbine lifting, characterized in that: The invention comprises a buoyancy box (1), an ocean current power generation system (2) and a servo lifting system (3). The buoyancy box (1) is provided with a plurality of partitions (1-1) to form a plurality of cabins (1-2). Each cabin (1-2) is filled with air to provide buoyancy for the main structure of a wind turbine (4) at the upper portion. The ocean current power generation system (2) is composed of an ocean current generator (2-1), a rotating shaft (2-2) and a runner blade (2-3). The main structure of the wind turbine (4) is fixed on the upper portion of the ocean current generator (2-1). The buoyancy box (1) is used as an ocean current power generation runner. The ocean current impacts the runner blade (2-3) to drive the rotating shaft (2-2) to rotate. The ocean current generator (2-1) converts the rotational mechanical energy into electrical energy to perform ocean current power generation. The servo lifting system (3) comprises a wind and rain sensor (3-1), an acceleration sensor (3-2), a servo motor (3-3). 3), a spiral elevator (3-4) and a movable bottom plate (3-5); the wind and rain sensor (3-1) and the acceleration sensor (3-2) are installed on the top of the wind turbine (4) cabin for real-time monitoring of wind pressure, rain intensity and acceleration data; when the monitoring value exceeds the set threshold, the servo lifting system (3) sends a control signal to drive the servo motor (3-3); the servo motor (3-3) is connected to the spiral elevator (3-4), the spiral elevator (3-4) is located in the middle of the cabin (1-2), and the lower part of the spiral elevator (3-4) is connected to the movable bottom plate (3-5) through a screw rod (3-6); the servo motor (3-3) drives the screw rod (3-6) to rise and fall, driving the movable bottom plate (3-5) to move synchronously, and by adjusting the drainage volume of each cabin (1-2), the overall settlement or attitude adjustment of the wind turbine (4) is achieved.

2. The multifunctional buoyancy box for typhoon-resistant and ocean current-powered electricity generation with adaptive control of wind turbine lifting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer walls of the three structures of the ocean current generator (2-1), the rotating shaft (2-2) and the upper wind turbine (4) tower form a cavity. The rotating shaft (2-2) extends downward to the bottom plate of the pontoon (1). Air holes (1-3) are opened on the side walls of the middle part of the wind turbine (4) tower and the part where the rotating shaft (2-2) penetrates into the pontoon (1). The air holes (1-3) at the tower are provided with anti-backflow devices to prevent liquid from entering the interior of the structure. Air is discharged and inhaled through the air holes (1-3) when controlling the lifting and lowering of the bottom plate.

3. The multifunctional buoyancy box for typhoon-resistant and ocean current-powered electricity generation with adaptive control of wind turbine lifting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The runner blades (2-3) are vertical axis variable pitch straight blades. The runner blades (2-3) are connected to the buoyancy box (1) via a connecting shaft. The ocean current impacts the runner blades (2-3) to drive the buoyancy box (1) and the rotating shaft (2-2) to rotate. The ocean current generator (2-1) includes a stator and a rotor. The rotor is fixed to the upper part of the rotating shaft (2-2). A sealing ring is provided at the connection between the rotating shaft (2-2) and the outer shell of the ocean current generator (2-1). The rotor generates electricity by rotating in the magnetic field generated by the stator and cutting the magnetic flux lines.

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