Wideband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on diamond-shaped metamaterial hollow stacked structure
By designing a rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure, the problem of circular polarization design of dielectric resonator antennas is solved, realizing broadband high-gain circular polarization radiation, significantly improving gain and axial ratio bandwidth, with a simple structure and high degree of design freedom.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA ELECTRONIC TECH GRP CORP NO 38 RES INST
- Filing Date
- 2023-07-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
The existing circular polarization design of dielectric resonator antennas lacks new design freedom and makes it difficult to achieve wide axis ratio and high gain circular polarization radiation.
By employing a rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure, a rhombic metadielectric resonator radiator is placed on the substrate and filled with a foam layer. Combined with rectangular slots and rectangular microstrip lines, multimode resonance and mode splitting are achieved, generating broadband high-gain circularly polarized radiation.
It achieves broadband, high-gain circularly polarized radiation with a maximum gain of 9.45 dBi and an axial ratio bandwidth of 14%. The structure is simple, easy to manufacture, and offers high design freedom.
Smart Images
Figure CN116759813B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metamaterial antenna technology and relates to a broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on a rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure. Background Technology
[0002] Electromagnetic metamaterials, unlike ordinary materials in nature, are man-made materials with unique electromagnetic properties such as negative equivalent permeability, negative equivalent permittivity, and negative refractive index. In recent years, research on the electromagnetic properties and applications of metamaterials has received widespread attention and has permeated the design and application of various microwave devices. Using electromagnetic metamaterials in antennas can overcome the half-wavelength limitation of traditional materials. Combined with the backwave effect of metamaterials, the antenna bandwidth of -10 dB can be broadened and the antenna radiation directivity can be improved.
[0003] Electromagnetic wave polarization includes three types: linear polarization, elliptic polarization, and circular polarization. Circular polarization refers to the circular rotation of the endpoints of the resultant electric field vector of two polarized waves. Therefore, electromagnetic waves propagating along the z-axis can be described by equations in the xy-two-dimensional plane. With the rapid development of satellite and communication technologies, circular polarization has become the dominant polarization method due to its advantage in resisting multipath interference. Circularly polarized dielectric resonator antennas are widely used in transceiver devices due to their simple structure, high efficiency, and wide bandwidth. They have demonstrated significant application value in antenna fields such as radar detection, mobile satellite communication, and phased array antennas. Furthermore, based on practical needs in real life, such as electromagnetic interference countermeasures, enemy aircraft reconnaissance, and communication in adverse weather conditions, the demand for circularly polarized antennas is increasing.
[0004] Existing technologies have proposed many improved structures to achieve circular polarization radiation for dielectric resonator antennas, but these structures lack new design freedom and make it difficult to provide design methods with more functions. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to design a circularly polarized resonator antenna with a simple structure, wide axial ratio, and high gain in the form of a rhombic metadielectric.
[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions:
[0007] A broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on a rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure includes: a substrate (10), a rectangular microstrip line (11), a rectangular slot (12), a rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure (13), and an excitation port (14).
[0008] The front side of the substrate (10) is the ground plane, and the ground plane is completely covered with copper; the diamond-shaped superdielectric hollow stacked structure (13) is set on the ground plane. The diamond-shaped superdielectric hollow stacked structure (13) is composed of 5 diamond-shaped superdielectric resonator radiators stacked together, and a foam layer is filled between two diamond-shaped superdielectric resonator radiators.
[0009] The rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure (13) is tilted 45° to the left or right. The two diagonals of the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure (13) coincide with the two diagonals of the square substrate (10). The center lines of the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure (13) in the x-axis and y-axis directions coincide with the center lines of the square substrate (10) in the x-axis and y-axis directions, respectively.
[0010] A rectangular slot (12) is provided in the middle of the ground plane of the substrate (10). The center line of the rhombic meta-dielectric hollow stacked structure (13) in the x-axis direction is aligned with the center line of the rectangular slot (12) in the x-axis direction, and the center line of the rhombic meta-dielectric hollow stacked structure (13) in the y-axis direction is aligned with the center line of the rectangular slot (12) in the y-axis direction.
[0011] A rectangular microstrip line (11) is disposed on the back side of the substrate (10). The long side of the projection of the rectangular microstrip line (11) and the rectangular slot (12) on the back side of the substrate (10) are perpendicularly intersected. The lower end of the rectangular microstrip line (11) is aligned with the bottom edge of the substrate (10) and serves as the excitation port (14) of the antenna. The upper end of the rectangular microstrip line (11) crosses the rectangular slot (12) and extends towards the top edge of the substrate (10).
[0012] Furthermore, the working principle of the antenna is as follows: the radio frequency signal is input from the excitation port (14), and is transmitted to the rectangular slot (12) through the rectangular microstrip line (11). The rectangular slot (12) transmits the radio frequency signal to the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure (13) through spatial coupling, thereby generating broadband circularly polarized radiation.
[0013] Furthermore, the substrate (10) is made of Rogers RT5880 with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.0009.
[0014] Furthermore, the rhombic superdielectric resonator radiator is a hexagonal column formed by cutting a 14mm diagonal side from a cuboid dielectric unit structure with dimensions of 25mm×25mm×6mm; the dielectric material of the rhombic superdielectric resonator radiator is aluminum oxide with a dielectric constant of 9.8.
[0015] Furthermore, the rectangular microstrip line (11) is a copper-clad wire with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.
[0016] Furthermore, the narrow side of the rectangular slit (12) is 5 mm and the long side is 22 mm.
[0017] The advantages of this invention are:
[0018] Unlike circularly polarized antennas with integral dielectric resonators, the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure of this invention stacks rhombic metadielectric units and uses foam for support in the gaps. Based on the metadielectric and the coupling between the gaps, multimode resonance and merging mode splitting radiation circular polarization are generated, realizing broadband high-gain circular polarized radiation. It also has the advantages of convenient processing, simple structure, wide axial ratio bandwidth and high gain, increasing the degree of design freedom. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view of the broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 3 This is a rear view of the broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on a rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure according to the present invention;
[0022] Figure 4 The reflection coefficient curve of the broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure of this invention is shown.
[0023] Figure 5 The radiation pattern of the broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure of this invention is shown in the xoz plane at 4.3 GHz.
[0024] Figure 6 The radiation pattern of the broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure of this invention in the yoz plane at 4.3 GHz;
[0025] Figure 7 The radiation pattern of the broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure of this invention is shown in the xoz plane at 4.8 GHz.
[0026] Figure 8 The radiation pattern of the broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure of this invention in the yoz plane at 4.8 GHz;
[0027] Figure 9 This is a graph showing the axial ratio bandwidth of the broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure of this invention. Detailed Implementation
[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
[0030] Example 1
[0031] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on a rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure includes: a substrate (10), a rectangular microstrip line (11), a rectangular slot (12), a rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure (13), and an excitation port (14); the substrate (10) is made of Rogers RT5880 with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.0009.
[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the substrate (10) is square with a side length of 100mm. The front side (plane in the positive direction of the z-axis) of the substrate (10) is the ground plane, and the ground plane is entirely covered with copper. The rhombic dielectric hollow stacked structure (13) is set on the ground plane. The rhombic dielectric hollow stacked structure (13) is composed of 5 rhombic dielectric resonator radiators stacked together. A foam layer with a thickness of 2mm is filled between two rhombic dielectric resonator radiators. The rhombic dielectric resonator radiator is a hexagonal column formed by cutting a rectangular dielectric unit structure with a size of 25mm×25mm×6mm and a diagonal side of 14mm. The dielectric material of the rhombic dielectric resonator radiator is aluminum oxide with a dielectric constant of 9.8.
[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure (13) is tilted to the right at 45°. The two diagonals of the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure (13) coincide with the two diagonals of the square substrate (10). The center lines of the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure (13) in the x-axis and y-axis directions coincide with the center lines of the square substrate (10) in the x-axis and y-axis directions, respectively.
[0034] like Figure 3As shown, a rectangular slot (12) is provided in the middle of the ground plane of the substrate (10). The narrow side (side in the x-axis direction) of the rectangular slot (12) is 5mm and the long side (side in the y-axis direction) is 22mm. The center line in the x-axis direction of the rhombic meta-dielectric hollow stacked structure (13) is aligned with the center line in the x-axis direction of the rectangular slot (12), and the center line in the y-axis direction of the rhombic meta-dielectric hollow stacked structure (13) is aligned with the center line in the y-axis direction of the rectangular slot (12).
[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, a rectangular microstrip line (11) is disposed on the back side of the substrate (10). The rectangular microstrip line (11) is a copper-clad wire with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms. The long side (side in the y-axis direction) of the projection of the rectangular slot (12) on the back side of the substrate (10) is perpendicular to the long side of the projection. The lower end (positive x-axis end) of the rectangular microstrip line (11) is aligned with the bottom edge of the substrate (10) and serves as the excitation port (14) of the antenna. The upper end (opposite x-axis end) of the rectangular microstrip line (11) crosses the rectangular slot (12) and extends towards the top edge of the substrate (10).
[0036] The working principle of the antenna is as follows:
[0037] The radio frequency signal is input from the excitation port (14) and transmitted to the rectangular slot (12) through the rectangular microstrip line (11). The rectangular slot (12) transmits the radio frequency signal to the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure (13) through spatial coupling, thereby generating broadband circularly polarized radiation. The rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure (13) of the present invention is introduced into the traditional dielectric resonator antenna as a metamaterial. Based on the metadielectric and the spatial coupling between them, multimode resonance and merging mode splitting radiation circular polarization are generated, thereby expanding the axial ratio bandwidth and improving the gain.
[0038] Figure 4 The reflection coefficient of the antenna. Figures 5 to 8 The antenna radiation patterns at different frequencies show left-hand circularly polarized radiation with a maximum gain of 9.45 dBi. Figure 5 The radiation pattern of the central antenna in the xoz plane at 4.3 GHz shows left-hand circularly polarized radiation with a gain as high as 8.65 dBi. Figure 6 The radiation pattern of the central antenna in the yoz plane at 4.3 GHz shows left-hand circularly polarized radiation with a gain as high as 8.65 dBi. Figure 7 The radiation pattern of the medium antenna in the xoz plane at 4.8 GHz shows left-hand circularly polarized radiation with a gain as high as 9.45 dBi. Figure 8 The radiation pattern of the medium antenna in the xoz plane at 4.8 GHz shows left-hand circularly polarized radiation with a gain as high as 9.45 dBi. Figure 9The antenna axial ratio bandwidth curve shows that the axial ratio bandwidth less than 3dB is from 4.25GHz to 4.9GHz, and the axial ratio bandwidth percentage is 14%. The 3dB axial ratio bandwidth reaches 14%, achieving broadband high-gain circular polarization radiation.
[0039] Example 2
[0040] Example 1 Figure 2 The rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure (13) in this embodiment is tilted 45° to the right, and the antenna achieves left-hand circular polarization radiation; the only difference from Embodiment 1 is that the rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure (13) in this embodiment is tilted 45° to the left, and the antenna achieves right-hand circular polarization radiation.
[0041] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on a rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure, characterized in that, include: Substrate (10), rectangular microstrip line (11), rectangular slot (12), rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure (13), excitation port (14); The front side of the substrate (10) is the ground plane, and the ground plane is completely covered with copper; the diamond-shaped superdielectric hollow stacked structure (13) is set on the ground plane. The diamond-shaped superdielectric hollow stacked structure (13) is composed of 5 diamond-shaped superdielectric resonator radiators stacked together, and a foam layer is filled between the two diamond-shaped superdielectric resonator radiators. The dielectric material of the rhombic superdielectric resonator radiator is aluminum oxide with a dielectric constant of 9.8; The rhombic meta-dielectric hollow stacked structure (13) is tilted 45° to the left or right. The two diagonals of the rhombic meta-dielectric hollow stacked structure (13) coincide with the two diagonals of the square substrate (10). The center lines of the rhombic meta-dielectric hollow stacked structure (13) in the x-axis and y-axis directions coincide with the center lines of the square substrate (10) in the x-axis and y-axis directions, respectively. A rectangular slot (12) is provided in the middle of the ground plane of the substrate (10). The center line of the rhombic meta-dielectric hollow stacked structure (13) in the x-axis direction is aligned with the center line of the rectangular slot (12) in the x-axis direction, and the center line of the rhombic meta-dielectric hollow stacked structure (13) in the y-axis direction is aligned with the center line of the rectangular slot (12) in the y-axis direction. A rectangular microstrip line (11) is disposed on the back side of the substrate (10). The long side of the projection of the rectangular microstrip line (11) onto the back side of the substrate (10) is perpendicular to the long side of the rectangular slot (12). The lower end of the rectangular microstrip line (11) is aligned with the bottom edge of the substrate (10) and serves as the excitation port (14) of the antenna. The upper end of the rectangular microstrip line (11) crosses the rectangular slot (12) and extends toward the top edge of the substrate (10). The working principle of the antenna is as follows: the radio frequency signal is input from the excitation port (14), and is transmitted to the rectangular slot (12) through the rectangular microstrip line (11). The rectangular slot (12) transmits the radio frequency signal to the rhomboid metadielectric hollow stacked structure (13) through spatial coupling, thereby generating broadband circularly polarized radiation.
2. The broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on a rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate (10) is made of Rogers RT5880 with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.0009.
3. The broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on a rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rhombic superdielectric resonator radiator is a hexagonal column formed by cutting a 14mm diagonal side from a cuboid dielectric unit structure with dimensions of 25mm×25mm×6mm.
4. The broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on a rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectangular microstrip line (11) is a copper-clad wire with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.
5. The broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna based on a rhombic metadielectric hollow stacked structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The narrow side of the rectangular slit (12) is 5 mm and the long side is 22 mm.