Surgical instrument for shaving and collecting bone particles
By designing and improving the structure of the surgical tool, including the combination of handle, collection chamber, rod and blade, the shortcomings of existing devices in terms of efficiency, comfort and cost have been addressed, achieving efficient collection and safe disposal of bone debris.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- META TECH SRL
- Filing Date
- 2022-01-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing bone scraping and collection devices are inadequate in terms of efficiency, comfort, and production costs, making it difficult to meet the needs of medical personnel.
A surgical tool has been designed, including a handle, a collection chamber, a rod, and a blade. A non-zero axial distance is maintained between the handle and the distal end of the collection chamber by a spacer to form a channel opening. The rod is elastically deformable to improve the cutting effect, and a locking element ensures the safe collection of bone fragments.
It improves the efficiency and comfort of bone scraping operations, reduces production costs, and ensures the safe collection and rapid discharge of bone debris.
Smart Images
Figure CN116761560B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to bone tissue reconstruction and regeneration removal techniques, as well as bone reshaping techniques, in oral and maxillofacial orthopedic surgery, plastic surgery, periodontal surgery, and implant surgery.
[0002] More specifically, the present invention relates to a surgical tool for scraping and collecting bone particles (i.e., bone fragments or debris / sheets), which can be used in such tissue regeneration techniques. Background Technology
[0003] In the past, tools were developed to collect bone material from various regions of the skeletal structure with the aim of obtaining microparticles or particles of a size suitable for the biological regeneration of tissues.
[0004] These tools enable improved autologous bone harvesting techniques and the processing of harvested bone material by obtaining bone microparticles suitable for insertion into bone pockets to fill bone defects or enhance bone structure.
[0005] In recent years, the collection method has been improved by introducing tools for removing and collecting particles (debris or fragments) to the market. These tools include a handle with a scraper at its front end and a chamber for collecting the removed material.
[0006] The device includes the device disclosed in patent number IT1335975 of the same applicant.
[0007] In this field, the recognized need is to make the device more efficient and comfortable in scraping and collecting bone debris, and to make the device easier and cheaper to manufacture, while also enabling healthcare workers to save money.
[0008] One object of the present invention is to address these needs of the prior art through a simple, reasonable and economical solution.
[0009] These objectives are achieved by the features of the invention as described in the independent claims. The dependent claims summarize the preferred and / or particularly advantageous aspects of the invention. Summary of the Invention
[0010] This invention specifically provides a surgical tool for scraping and collecting bone particles, comprising:
[0011] - A handle with a grip;
[0012] - Collection chamber, which has a proximal end near the handle and a free distal end;
[0013] - A rod, which is at least partially located inside the collection chamber;
[0014] - A blade body, fixed to the distal end of a rod, wherein the blade body protrudes radially from the rod and is axially positioned outside the collection chamber near the distal end of the collection chamber; and
[0015] - A spacer, which is positioned between the flank face of the blade and the distal end of the collection chamber, such that, at least for the circumferential section of the spacer, the flank face of the blade and the distal end of the collection chamber are kept at a predetermined non-zero axial distance, wherein the spacer defines a channel opening for introducing bone particles scraped by the blade into the collection chamber.
[0016] Due to this approach, the structure (e.g., the structure of its channel opening) and function of the surgical tool are specially improved compared to known surgical tools, because the collection chamber (i.e., the cannula that defines it) does not require any special treatment or adaptation and can be manufactured simply and quickly.
[0017] For example, the far end of the collection chamber can be flat and without steps or recesses, allowing for faster, cheaper, and more precise manufacturing.
[0018] Advantageously, the spacer can be rigidly attached to the blade body and has a first surface and a second surface, the first surface facing the blade body and in contact with the blade body, and the second surface facing the distal end of the collection chamber and intended to contact the distal end of the collection chamber through the contact portion of the second surface.
[0019] Because of this design, the connection between the spacer and the cutter body (i.e., the rod supporting it) can be made in a simple, structurally sound, and efficient manner.
[0020] According to one aspect of the invention, the spacer may have: an annular shape including a central hole coaxial with the rod; and an asymmetrical outer periphery having a circular portion and a recess, the circular portion being configured to define a contact portion of a second surface, wherein the contact portion is configured to contact the distal end of a collection chamber, the recess being adapted to be radially separated from the distal end of the collection chamber, wherein the channel opening is defined in the axial direction by a portion of the scraping edge of the blade and by a circumferential portion of the distal end of the collection chamber, and in the circumferential direction by the recess of the spacer.
[0021] Because of this design, the shape of the spacer allows it to perform its main function in the best possible way, while also being able to be manufactured quickly and easily using molding techniques suitable for mass production.
[0022] Advantageously, the collection chamber may have a curved longitudinal extension along a curved line with a single curvature, with the channel opening located in the outer arc region at the far end of the collection chamber.
[0023] This makes the surgical tool more effective because it facilitates bone scraping operations, especially in certain situations, enabling the efficient collection of bone fragments separated from the scraped bone, and allowing the person responsible for collecting the bone fragments to use it comfortably.
[0024] According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, the rod can be elastic and flexible.
[0025] Alternatively or additionally, the rod may be elastically extendable, i.e., elongated.
[0026] Because of this design, the elastic reaction of the rod improves the (impact) cutting action of the blade on bone fragments, improves the separation of fragments from bone and their collection in the collection chamber, and reduces the side effects (such as tearing, pain or trauma) caused by the separation of scraped bone fragments.
[0027] Preferably, the collection chamber and the rod are movable and slidable relative to each other between a collection position and a discharge position of the collection chamber, wherein, in the collection position, the second surface of the spacer contacts the distal end of the collection chamber and the collection chamber is accessible only through a channel opening defined by the spacer, and in the discharge position, the second surface of the spacer is away from the distal end of the collection chamber from which it is released.
[0028] This solution allows staff to easily and safely collect and remove bone debris.
[0029] Advantageously, the surgical instrument may include a locking element configured to temporarily lock the rod and the collection chamber together, at least in their collection positions.
[0030] Because of this design, when the surgical instruments are in the operating configuration (where the rod and collection chamber are in their collection positions), any accidental opening of the collection chamber can be prevented, thereby eliminating any risk of loss of collected bone material or any contamination. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Other features and advantages of the invention will become more apparent after reading the following description, which is provided by way of non-limiting example with the aid of the accompanying drawings.
[0032] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the acquisition location of a first embodiment of the surgical tool according to the present invention.
[0033] Figure 1A yes Figure 1 A magnified view of the IA details.
[0034] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of the surgical instruments at the release position.
[0035] Figure 2A yes Figure 2 A magnified view of the details of the IIA.
[0036] Figure 3This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the acquisition location of a second embodiment of the surgical tool according to the present invention.
[0037] Figure 3A yes Figure 3 A magnified view of the details of IIIA.
[0038] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of the surgical instruments at the release position.
[0039] Figure 4A yes Figure 4 A magnified view of the details of the IVA.
[0040] Figure 5 This is a front (rear) view of the spacer element of the surgical tool according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0041] With particular reference to these figures, surgical instruments used (e.g., manually) to scrape and collect bone particles (i.e., bone fragments or chips / flakes) are collectively referred to as 10.
[0042] In this disclosure, the terms “lower” and “upper” are used in this description with reference to the position of the surgical tool 10 in its use configuration, wherein “lower” means facing the bone to be scraped and “upper” means facing the portion opposite the bone to be scraped.
[0043] In addition, the terms “front” or “far” and “back” or “near” are used in this description to refer to the position of the surgical instrument 10 relative to the hand holding the instrument, where “front” or “far” refers to the position furthest from the palm of the user’s hand, and “back” or “near” refers to the position closest to the palm of the user’s hand.
[0044] The surgical instrument 10 includes a handle 20 that can be held by the operator (at the rear).
[0045] The handle 20 has an elongated body with a longitudinal axis A.
[0046] For example, the opposite axial end of the handle 20 is open.
[0047] The handle 20 includes a handle 21 at the rear, which is adapted to be held by one hand of the operator, with the opposite distal end free.
[0048] The proximal end of handle 21 defines the proximal end of handle 20.
[0049] The handle 20 also includes a sleeve 22, which is attached to the front of the handle 21.
[0050] The sleeve 22 extends axially (forward) to the handle 21.
[0051] The distal end of the handle 21 defines the distal end of the handle 20.
[0052] Specifically, the sleeve 22 has a proximal end that is secured (e.g., by snap-fit, thread, welding or other means) to the distal end of the handle 21 and an opposite free distal end.
[0053] For example, sleeve 22 has a constant transverse cross section (orthogonal to the longitudinal axis A) in its longitudinal extension.
[0054] For example, the sleeve 22 has an inner cavity 220 that is substantially cylindrical (the term "cylindrical" means that its cross-section may be circular, as shown in the preferred example, or may be any other shape).
[0055] The inner cavity 220 of the sleeve 22 extends axially rearward from the inner chamber 210 of the handle 21, the inner chamber of which, for example, has the same shape and size as the inner cavity 220 of the sleeve 22.
[0056] In practice, the handle 20 is defined as a hollow body having an axial cavity formed by the combination of the inner chamber 210 of the handle 21 and the inner cavity 220 of the sleeve 22.
[0057] In the example shown, the sleeve 22 and the handle 21 are made into two separate bodies, but it is not excluded that they can be made into a single body.
[0058] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the first embodiment shown, the sleeve 22 has a straight portion and a curved portion. The straight portion is near the proximal end of the sleeve itself (and ends thereafter) and has a straight (coaxial) longitudinal axis. The curved portion is near the distal end of the sleeve 22 (at a non-zero distance from the distal end) and has a curved longitudinal axis (e.g., following a circumferential arc).
[0059] In this first embodiment, the sleeve 22 also has another straight portion near the distal end of the sleeve itself (and terminating at the front of the sleeve itself), the other straight portion having a straight (coaxial) longitudinal axis that is inclined (at the top) relative to the longitudinal axis of the straight portion at an angle substantially between 20° and 40°, for example equal to 27°.
[0060] In practice, the curved portion of the sleeve 22 is axially positioned between the straight portion and another straight portion.
[0061] For example, the curvature of the sleeve 22 causes it to bend above the distal end of the sleeve 22, i.e., it has an upper inner arc and a lower outer arc.
[0062] exist Figure 3 and Figure 4In the second embodiment shown, the sleeve 22 has a (completely) straight longitudinal axis.
[0063] The distal end of the sleeve 22 (i.e. the distal end of the handle 20) is (completely) flat (and has no steps or notches).
[0064] The sleeve 22 defines a collection chamber 25 within its interior near its distal end.
[0065] Specifically, the distal end of the sleeve 22 coincides with the distal end of the collection chamber 25.
[0066] The interior of the collection chamber 25 is defined by the distal portion of the inner cavity 220 of the sleeve 22, that is, the collection chamber is peripherally defined by the sleeve 22 (its peripheral wall), and the front end of the collection chamber is defined by the distal end of the sleeve 22 itself.
[0067] As will be better described below, the collection chamber 25 has a variable volume, for example, it has a proximal end that is (axially) movable relative to the distal end.
[0068] The surgical instrument 10 also includes a rod 30, which is at least partially housed within a handle 20 (i.e., within a handle 21 and / or a cannula 22).
[0069] The rod 30 is defined by an elongated body along the longitudinal axis B and is inserted axially into the handle 20 (i.e., the handle 21 and / or the sleeve 22).
[0070] The lever 30 has a rear end 31 that protrudes, for example, from the proximal end (opening) of the handle 20 (i.e., the grip 21), and an opposing front end 32 located near the distal end of the handle (i.e., the sleeve 22).
[0071] The rod 30 includes at least one front end section provided with a front end 32, which is adapted to be received within the collection chamber 25 and has sufficient radial clearance.
[0072] In practice, the collection chamber 25 is defined by the radial portion of the cavity 220 of the sleeve 22, which is located between the sleeve 22 (the inner wall of the sleeve) and the rod 30 (the outer wall of the front end section of the rod).
[0073] In addition, the lever 30 has an enlarged rear section and is provided with a rear end 31, the rear section terminating at the rear, and a grip portion (again) is defined on the rear exterior of the handle 20 (the handle 21).
[0074] The grip portion of the lever 30 is, for example, ergonomically shaped to facilitate user grip.
[0075] The rear enlarged section of the rod 30 is radially accommodated within the inner chamber 210 of the handle 21 (and / or at least one axial section of the inner cavity 220 of the sleeve 22).
[0076] A shielding disc 33 is provided on the front end of the rod 30, which is accommodated within the inner cavity 220 of the sleeve 22 so as to seal the collection chamber 25 (at the rear).
[0077] In practice, the collection chamber 25 is circumferentially / radially defined by the inner wall of the sleeve 22 and rearwardly defined by the shielding disc 33 of the rod 30, while the collection chamber is open in front of the distal end of the sleeve 22 (i.e., the handle 20).
[0078] The rod 30, for example, at least or only its front end section (other than the shielding disc 33) is elastically flexible (has elasticity), that is, it is configured to deform in a bending manner without plastic deformation, and independently elastically return to its undeformed configuration.
[0079] For example, rod 30, i.e., only its front end section (excluding shielding disc 33) has a flexural stiffness (bending modulus) between 1500 MPa and 4500 MPa, preferably 2600 MPa.
[0080] Again, the rod 30, for example at least or only its front end segment (other than the shielding disc 33) is elastically extensible (preferably stretchable), that is, it is configured to deform tensilely without plastic deformation and independently elastically return to its undeformed configuration.
[0081] For example, rod 30, that is, only its front end section (excluding shielding disc 33) has an elastic (tensile) modulus between 2000 MPa and 5000 MPa (preferably 3000 MPa), also known as Young's modulus.
[0082] The rod 30 (preferably a single piece) is made of, for example, plastic material.
[0083] The surgical tool 10 also includes a blade 40 configured to scrape bone particles, such as bone fragments or bone particles in the form of chips / flakes.
[0084] The blade 40 is supported by the rod 30, which is located near its front end 31.
[0085] The blade 40 is rigid (its rigidity is high, that is, greater than that of bone), so that it will not resonate during scraping operations.
[0086] The blade body 40 is typically made of metal (preferably stainless steel).
[0087] For example, the blade body 40 (preferably without separation) is attached to the front end 32 of the rod 30.
[0088] The blade body 40 is located outside the handle 20 (i.e., its sleeve 22).
[0089] In practice, the blade 40 is positioned in front of the distal end of the handle 20 (of the sleeve 22).
[0090] The blade 40 protrudes radially from the rod 30 (e.g., through a radial segment having a width approximately the same as that of the collection chamber 25).
[0091] The blade body 40 includes a cover 41 provided with a sharpened (radial) scraping edge 410, which is, for example, downward.
[0092] The scraping blade 410 (overall) has a circumferential longitudinal extension.
[0093] The scraping blade 410 is the free edge of the blade body 40 (in use), that is, it protrudes from the handle 20 (axially or radially) or does not contact the handle or other elements of the surgical tool 10, preferably facing downward relative to the handle 20.
[0094] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the scraping blade 410 is arranged radially outward from the outer arc portion of the curvature presented by the sleeve 22.
[0095] The cutter body 40 includes a flank face (or scraping face) 42, which is substantially planar and faces rearward (i.e., toward the distal end of the handle 20 and / or sleeve 22).
[0096] The back face 42 is substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis B of the shank 30, or at least orthogonal to the longitudinal axis B of the segment near the front end of the shank to which the cutter body 40 is attached.
[0097] The blade body 40 also includes a fastening foot 43, which is, for example, cylindrical or prismatic, derived from the cap 41 (integrated with the cap), for example, derived from the back face 42 of the cap 41, and the axis of the fastening foot is orthogonal to the back face 42.
[0098] The fastening foot 43 is configured to be securely and rigidly fastened to the front end of the rod 30, for example, by remaining firmly engaged with the rod without moving.
[0099] For example, the rod 30 includes a fastening tube 34, the rear end of which is fitted to the front end of the rod 30 and fastened to the rod 30 (e.g., by crimping); the front end of which is fitted to a fastening foot 43 and fastened to the fastening foot (e.g., by crimping).
[0100] The surgical instrument 10 also includes a spacer 50 configured to be positioned between the posterior blade 42 of the blade body 40 and the distal end of the collection chamber 25 (i.e., the distal end of the cannula 22).
[0101] The spacer 50 is made into a body that is separate from the blade body 40 and the sleeve 22 (and / or the collection chamber 25).
[0102] Preferably, but not limited to, the spacer 50 is rigidly fastened to the rod 30 (and / or the blade 40).
[0103] In the example shown, the spacer 50 is rigidly fastened to the cutter body 40, for example, by fitting it to the fastening foot 43 (using the end portion of the fastening tube 34 and / or the rod 30).
[0104] The spacer 50 generally seals off the far end of the collection chamber 25, leaving the (only open) lower channel opening 500 for introducing bone particles scraped by the blade 40 into the collection chamber 25.
[0105] The channel opening 500 is achieved by maintaining a distance (at least for the lower circumferential section of the spacer 50) between the lower portion of the back face 42 of the cutter body 40 (where the scraping edge 410 is provided) and the distal end (lower portion) of the collection chamber 25.
[0106] The spacer 50 is provided with a first (front) face 51 facing the cutter body 40 and in contact with its rear cutter face 42 and an opposing second face 52 facing the distal end of the collection chamber 25 (and sleeve 22), the circumferential contact portion 520 of the second face (below its entire circumferential periphery) being intended to contact the distal end of the collection chamber.
[0107] In practice, the contact portion 520 is configured to contact the distal end of the collection chamber 25 by closing the distal end of the collection chamber 25 (which will be described in more detail below).
[0108] The spacer 50 is basically in the shape of a collar.
[0109] Preferably, such as Figure 5 As schematically shown, the spacer 50 has an annular shape, which includes a central hole 53 coaxial with the fastening foot 43 of the bar and / or the blade body 40 and an asymmetrical outer periphery provided with an upper circular portion 54 for defining the aforementioned contact portion 520 of the second surface 52 in the rear.
[0110] In addition, the outer periphery of the spacer 50 is provided with a (lower) recess 55, the radial dimension of which is smaller than that of the circular portion 54. This recess is adapted to be radially separated from the distal end of the collection chamber 25 (when the contact portion 520 defined in the circular portion 54 contacts the distal end of the collection chamber 25 itself).
[0111] In practice, the 500mm channel opening is defined as follows:
[0112] - In the axial direction, in front, it is defined by the (lower) portion of the scraping edge 410 of the blade body 40, and in the rear, it is defined by the circumferential (lower) portion of the distal end of the collecting chamber 25 (which faces the scraping edge 410 of the blade body 40 and is at a non-zero distance from it); and
[0113] - Defined by the recess 55 of the spacer 50 in the circumferential direction.
[0114] The axial width of the channel opening 500 is substantially equal to the axial thickness of the spacer 50 (at the circular portion 54, i.e., at its contact portion 520).
[0115] The circumferential width of the channel opening 500 is approximately equal to the (angular) width of the recess 55.
[0116] As an alternative to the above, the spacer can be provided as an arc shape having two opposing circumferential ends positioned at a non-zero predetermined circumferential distance from each other, the circumferential distance being less than the diameter of the portion of the rod 30 (and / or the fastening foot 43 and / or the fastening tube 34) enclosed by the circumferential ends. The channel opening 500 is defined axially by the lower portion (front) of the scraping edge 410 of the cutter body 40 and by the circumferential portion (rearward) of the distal end of the collection chamber 25 facing the scraping edge 410, and circumferentially by the circumferential ends of the spacer 50.
[0117] The spacer 50 also includes an inner shank 56 that projects axially from the second face 52 of the spacer, the inner shank being configured to at least partially (i.e. preferably only in the upper portion) surround the (upper) portion of the fastening shank 43 and / or the fastening tube 34 and / or the rod 30.
[0118] When the second surface 52 of the spacer 50 contacts the distal end of the collection chamber 25 itself (through its contact portion 520), the maximum radial dimension of the inner shank 56 is (sufficiently) smaller than the inner diameter of the collection chamber 25, thus allowing it to be inserted into the collection chamber 25 (with sufficient radial clearance).
[0119] For example, the radial thickness of the inner shank foot 56 increases from the free rear end to the rear end that engages with the second face 52, defining the guide ramp.
[0120] For example, spacer 50 is essentially rigid (non-deformable), for example, made of plastic or metal.
[0121] Preferably, the collection chamber 25 (i.e., handle 20) and the rod 30 can alternatively move relative to each other in an axial sliding manner between the following two positions:
[0122] - The collection position of the collection chamber 25, wherein the second surface 52 of the spacer 50 (with its contact portion 520) contacts the distal end of the collection chamber 25, and the collection chamber 25 can only be entered through the channel opening 500 defined by the spacer 50 (i.e., open to the outside); and
[0123] - Discharge position, wherein the second surface 52 of the spacer 50 (and its contact portion 520) moves away from the far end of the collection chamber 25 by releasing the collection chamber 25, that is, the collection chamber 25 is axially opened (at its free end), that is, the opening area of the collection chamber 25 is increased relative to the opening area of the collection chamber when the collection chamber 25 and the rod 30 are in the collection position.
[0124] Preferably, the rod 30 is slidably movable within the handle 20 via a prism-shaped connector (i.e., it cannot be rotated axially).
[0125] As described above, the collection chamber 25 has a variable volume, that is, when the rod 30 and the collection chamber 25 are in the collection position, the collection chamber 25 has a maximum volume, and when the rod 30 and the collection chamber 25 are in the discharge position, the collection chamber 25 has a minimum volume.
[0126] In fact, when the rod 30 and the collection chamber 25 are in the collection position, the shielding disc 33 is placed at the maximum non-zero distance from the far end of the collection chamber 25, for example, larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve 22 (even two or three times larger). When the rod 30 and the collection chamber 25 are in the discharge position, the shielding disc 33 is placed at the minimum distance from the far end of the collection chamber 25 (less than the maximum distance). This minimum distance is, for example, essentially zero, or in any case, lower than the inner diameter of the sleeve 22.
[0127] In practice, when the rod 30 and the collection chamber 25 are brought from the collection position to the discharge position, the shielding disc 33 (which defines the proximal end of the collection chamber 25) acts as a plunger for discharging bone fragments collected in the collection chamber, pushing the bone fragments toward the distal end of the collection chamber 25 (from the closure operated by the blade 40), from which the bone fragments leave.
[0128] When the rod 30 and the collection chamber 25 are brought from their discharge position to the collection position, the inner handle 56 of the spacer 50 (especially) Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the spacer 50 acts as a guide ramp (moving close to the distal end of the collection chamber) to bring the spacer 50 to its correct position, wherein the second surface 52 of the spacer 50 (with its contact portion 520) contacts the distal end of the collection chamber 25, leaving only the passage opening 500 open.
[0129] The surgical instrument 10 also includes a locking element 60 configured to temporarily and / or detachably lock the rod 30 and the collection chamber 25 to each other at least in their collection positions.
[0130] It is not excluded that the locking element 60 can be configured to selectively lock the rod 30 and the collection chamber 25 together in the collection position and the release position.
[0131] The locking element 60 includes, for example, a pin associated with the rear end 31 (rotatably) of the lever 30, which is movable between an engaged position and a disengaged position of the seat at the rear end 31 of the lever 30.
[0132] When the lever 30 and the collection chamber 25 are in their collection position, the seat is located outside (behind) the handle 20, and the seat can be engaged or disengaged by the locking element 60.
[0133] When the locking element 60 is in the engaged position (and the lever 30 and the collection chamber 25 are in their collecting positions), the locking element 60 (by abutting against the rear end of the handle 20) prevents any sliding movement between the lever 30 and the collection chamber 25.
[0134] When the locking element 60 is in the engaged position, the locking element 60 allows sliding movement between the lever 30 and the collection chamber 25, allowing them to reach the discharge position.
[0135] In view of this, the operation of surgical tool 10 is as follows.
[0136] Surgical instrument 10 (with its rod 30 and collection chamber 25 in their collection positions) is configured to obtain bone particles (in the form of debris or fragments) and collect the bone particles (once they are separated from the bone to which they belong) in collection chamber 25.
[0137] To perform this operation, hold the handle 21 of the surgical tool 10 and guide the scraping blade 410 of the blade 40 into contact with the bone surface.
[0138] Because the surgical instrument 10 has a curved cannula 22, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment, the relative position between the handle 21 and the bone further facilitates access to the scraping area and the scraping operation itself.
[0139] To scrape bone particles, the scraping edge 410 of the blade contacts the surface of the bone to be scraped in a backward (straight) direction (i.e., in the direction from the blade 40 to the handle 21, orthogonal to the rear cutting surface 42 of the blade 40).
[0140] Bone particles generated by the blade 40 are pushed into the collection chamber 25 through the channel opening 500 defined by the spacer 50 (from the rear blade face 42 of the blade itself).
[0141] Furthermore, during this scraping action, the rod 30 is subjected to force when it bends (through the restraint reaction exerted by the skeleton) and bends upward (in contrast to the bending elasticity of the rod 30). However, this bending is limited, for example, due to the limited feedback exerted by the inner wall of the sleeve 22 on the inner shank foot 56.
[0142] As an alternative or additional, during the scraping action, the rod 30 is subjected to tensile force (by the restraint reaction exerted by the skeleton) and (in contrast to the axial elasticity of the rod itself) extends axially (preferring to separate the second face 52 of the spacer 50 from the distal end of the collection chamber 25).
[0143] When the constraint reaction of the bone is overcome by the stretching action applied by the operator and / or the elastic action (bending and / or axial) applied by the rod 30, the bone particles separate from the bone, for example by shearing action (applied by the scraping edge 410 of the blade 40), and are forced into the collection chamber 25 where the bone particles are stored.
[0144] In practice, the bending and / or axial elasticity of the rod 30 has been observed, for example, to generate an impact shearing force that allows the blade 40 (its scraping edge 410) to enhance the separation of bone particles from the scraped bone.
[0145] Once the desired amount of bone particles has been collected, for example through several consecutive scraping actions (as described above), the operator can discharge the bone particles collected in the collection chamber 25, for example, into a suitable collection container.
[0146] To do this, the rod 30 and the collection chamber 25 are placed in their discharge position, and the collected bone particles are allowed to pass through the distal end of the collection chamber 25, which is detached from the blade body 40.
[0147] Therefore, the present invention is susceptible to several modifications and variations, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention.
[0148] Furthermore, all details can be replaced by other technically equivalent elements.
[0149] In practice, the materials used, as well as the possible shapes and sizes, can be any materials as required, without departing from the scope of protection of the following claims.
Claims
1. A surgical tool (10) for scraping and collecting bone particles, comprising: - A handle (20) with a handle (21); - Collection chamber (25), which has a proximal end near the handle (21) and a free distal end; - Rod (30), which is at least partially disposed within the collection chamber (25); - A blade (40) fixed to the front end (32) of the rod (30), wherein the blade (40) protrudes radially from the rod (30) and is axially disposed outside the collection chamber (25) near the distal end of the collection chamber (25); and - A spacer (50) is positioned between the back face (42) of the blade body (40) and the distal end of the collection chamber (25), such that, at least for the circumferential segment of the spacer (50), the back face (42) of the blade body (40) and the distal end of the collection chamber (25) are kept at a predetermined non-zero axial distance, wherein the spacer (50) defines a channel opening (500) for introducing bone particles scraped by the blade body (40) into the collection chamber (25), wherein the spacer (50) is a body separate from the blade body (40), the rod (30) and the handle (21).
2. The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 1, wherein the spacer (50) is rigidly fixed to the blade body (40) and is provided with a first surface (51) and a second surface (52), the first surface (51) facing the blade body (40) and in contact with the blade body (40), and the second surface (52) facing the distal end of the collection chamber (25) and intended to contact the distal end of the collection chamber (25) through a contact portion (520) of the second surface (52).
3. The surgical tool (10) according to claim 2, wherein the spacer (50) has an annular shape, the annular shape comprising: - A central hole (53) coaxial with the rod (30); and -Asymmetrical outer perimeter, which is provided with: A circular portion (54) is configured to define a contact portion (520) of the second surface (52), wherein the contact portion (520) is configured to contact the distal end of the collection chamber (25), and A recess (55) adapted to be radially separated from the distal end of the collection chamber (25), The channel opening (500) is defined in the axial direction by a portion of the scraping edge (410) of the blade body (40) and a circumferential portion of the distal end of the collection chamber (25), and in the circumferential direction by the recess (55) of the spacer (50).
4. The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 1, wherein the distal end of the collection chamber (25) is flat and has no steps or notches.
5. The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 1, wherein the collection chamber (25) has a curved longitudinal extension along a curved line having a unique curvature, and the channel opening (500) is disposed in the outer arc region of the distal end of the collection chamber (25).
6. The surgical tool (10) according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the rod (30) is elastic and flexible.
7. The surgical tool (10) according to claim 1, wherein the rod (30) is elastically elongable.
8. The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 2, wherein the collection chamber (25) and the rod (30) are movable and slidable between the collection position and the discharge position of the collection chamber (25), wherein, In the collection position, the second surface (52) of the spacer (50) contacts the distal end of the collection chamber (25), which is accessible from the outside only through the channel opening (500) defined by the spacer (50), and in the discharge position, the second surface (52) of the spacer (50) is away from the distal end of the collection chamber (25) from which it is discharged.
9. The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 8, comprising a locking element (60) configured to temporarily lock the rod (30) and the collection chamber (25) to each other at least in their collection positions.