A drilling and anchoring integrated drilling device and a method of using the same

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated drilling and anchoring device and its usage method, belonging to the field of roadway, tunnel, and foundation pit engineering support. It includes a drive unit, a drive rod, and a sleeve. The drive unit is located at the rear end of the drive rod, and the sleeve is mounted on the drive rod. The drive unit is a rectangular support box containing an electric motor. The electric motor drives the drive wheel, which in turn drives the driven wheel, thus rotating the drive rod. The drive rod is a hollow rod structure, within which various anchor bolts or cables can be prefabricated and assembled to achieve coordinated driving for the integrated drilling and anchoring process. The drive rod is equipped with rock and soil removal teeth that extend into the sleeve. During drilling, these teeth can draw loose rock and soil into the sleeve and then remove it. This invention achieves integrated drilling and anchoring to reduce procedures and improve construction efficiency, while also effectively solving the problem of borehole collapse. It is multifunctional, structurally sound, cost-effective, and economically efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an integrated drilling and anchoring drilling device and its usage method, belonging to the field of roadway, tunnel and foundation pit engineering support. Background Technology

[0002] Rock bolts are a widely and efficiently used support method in underground engineering, foundation pit engineering, and slope engineering. Rock bolt support can enhance the bearing capacity of the strata and the stability of the project. Furthermore, it does not require a large amount of materials and equipment, has minimal impact on the surrounding environment and rock, and boasts advantages such as low cost, high support efficiency, and good support effect. However, using rock bolt support requires pre-drilling, and the drilling dimensional accuracy is crucial, which increases the cost and efficiency of the support.

[0003] Currently, in roadway anchor bolt support operations, due to space constraints, large machinery and equipment are not suitable. Therefore, pneumatic or handheld anchor bolt drilling rigs are still used, which have high efficiency and flexibility. However, the following disadvantages have been exposed in the construction drilling and anchor bolt installation process: First, anchor bolt support requires drilling anchor holes in advance with a drilling rig, and then inserting anchor bolts (cables) for grouting or anchoring with anchoring agents. The operation process is complex and time-consuming, resulting in low construction efficiency and high anchoring cost of anchor bolt support. Second, under high stress, deep roadways often have weak, broken, and low-strength surrounding rock, and the phenomenon of hole collapse often occurs during drilling. That is, after the anchor hole is constructed, before the anchor bolt can be installed, the anchor hole has collapsed and blocked. To address borehole collapse during drilling in soft, fractured rock and soil, slotted pipe anchors are commonly used. However, slotted pipe anchors have low strength and are prone to breakage, resulting in poor control over the stability of the rock and soil mass. Thirdly, pre-drilled holes in the rock and soil mass require high precision in anchor hole construction, but due to borehole collapse and other issues, mismatches between anchor hole and anchor bolt lengths frequently occur in engineering projects. Based on these problems, there is an urgent need to develop a drilling device that can solve the borehole collapse problem, ensure matching of anchor hole and anchor bolt dimensions, and achieve integrated drilling and anchoring operations, thereby improving anchor bolt support efficiency and reducing construction costs—in other words, a high-efficiency drilling device integrating drilling and anchoring to solve the current technical challenges of anchor bolt support. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical Problem: The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an integrated drilling and anchoring drilling device and its usage method. It can not only solve the problem of hole collapse, but also match the dimensions of the anchor hole and anchor rod, and realize integrated drilling and anchoring operations, so as to improve the efficiency of anchor rod support and reduce construction costs.

[0005] Technical Solution: This invention discloses an integrated drilling and anchoring device, including a drive unit with an adjustment handle. A drive rod is connected to the front end of the drive unit, and a sleeve is fitted around the outside of the drive rod. Enlarged ends are provided at both the front and rear ends of the drive rod, with the diameter of the enlarged ends being the same as that of the sleeve. The front end of the sleeve is movably connected to the enlarged end of the front end of the drive rod via bearing II, and the rear end of the sleeve is movably connected to the enlarged end of the rear end of the drive rod via bearing I. A rock-breaking drill bit is provided at the end of the enlarged end of the front end of the drive rod, and a rock and soil slag collection hole is provided on the rock and soil slag discharge port on the rear side wall of the sleeve. A soil discharge and conveying channel is formed between the sleeve and the drive rod.

[0006] The drive unit and the drive rod body are equipped with coaxial structure anchor bolt holes for installation. The rock-breaking drill bit has an outlet at its center. The anchor bolt passes through the hole at the tail of the drive unit and through the drive rod body until it extends out from the outlet of the rock-breaking drill bit. The end of the anchor bolt is equipped with an end drill bit.

[0007] Furthermore, depending on the needs, the anchor rod can be a solid conventional structure or a hollow structure. When the anchor rod is a hollow anchor rod, the end drill bit is a hollow anchor rod drill bit, and the side wall of the anchor rod near the end drill bit is provided with a grouting hole that communicates with the internal hollow structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the drive device is equipped with an electric motor and a linkage gear set. The linkage gear set includes a driven wheel whose front end is embedded and linked with the enlarged end of the rear end of the drive rod. A circular hole matching the anchor rod is opened at the center of the driven wheel. The anchor rod passes through the circular hole into the drive rod body and through the channel of the drive rod body. A driving wheel is meshed on both sides of the driven wheel. The driving wheel is connected to the electric motor through the drive shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the rock-breaking drill bit has multiple irregularly shaped protrusions around the outlet at the end of the anchor rod, and multiple rock-breaking cutter heads are evenly spaced on the end face of the rock-breaking drill bit. Each rock-breaking cutter head has a rock and soil slag collection hole on its side; the outer side of the drive rod body is provided with spiral rock and soil discharge teeth for moving rock and soil slag.

[0010] Furthermore, 3 to 4 rock-breaking cutter heads are evenly arranged around the circumference of the rock-breaking drill bit, and a rock and soil slag collection hole is provided next to each rock-breaking cutter head to facilitate the entry of rock and soil fragments generated during drilling into the sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the anchor rod end is equipped with arc-shaped protrusions around its perimeter to match the irregular protrusions, allowing the irregular protrusions on the rock-breaking drill bit to allow the anchor rod to rotate with the drive rod body without hindering its axial movement. When drilling into the surrounding rock, the motor drives the drive wheel and driven wheel to rotate, which in turn drives the drive rod body to rotate, causing the rock-breaking drill bit on the drive rod body to cut through the rock and soil layers to drill. At this time, the rock and soil fragments cut by the rock-breaking drill bit enter the sleeve through the rock and soil debris collection hole. Because of the inherent spirally arranged rock and soil discharge teeth on the drive rod body, the rock and soil fragments cut from the borehole can be transported to the rock and soil debris discharge port for discharge.

[0012] A method for using an integrated drilling and anchoring device, comprising the following steps:

[0013] The drilling and anchoring positions are pre-marked in the surrounding rock, and anchor rods are selected according to the actual engineering conditions. The ends of the anchor rods are equipped with arc-shaped protrusions that match the irregular protrusions on the rock-breaking drill bit.

[0014] Then, the selected anchor rod is pushed into the drilling device along the borehole from the side where the rock-breaking drill bit is located, and it is ensured that the arc-shaped protrusion at the end of the anchor rod is in front of the rock-breaking cutter head during assembly;

[0015] Start the drive unit and control the drive unit to rotate the drive rod body by using the control button and speed adjustment button. The irregular protrusions on the drive rod body cause the anchor rod to rotate together with the drive rod body through the arc protrusions. The rock breaking cutter head cuts the soil layer on the surrounding rock to drill holes.

[0016] During drilling, the sleeve does not rotate. The rock and soil fragments cut by the rock and soil breaking cutter enter the sleeve through the rock and soil slag collection hole. Because of the inherent spiral arrangement of rock and soil slag discharge teeth on the drive rod, the rock and soil fragments cut by the drill bit are transported through the rock and soil slag collection hole into the soil discharge conveying channel, and then transported to the soil discharge outlet by the rotating spiral rock and soil slag discharge teeth. Because the end of the anchor rod is before the rock and soil breaking cutter when it is assembled with the drilling device, the end of the anchor rod is embedded in the rock and soil layer.

[0017] Once the predetermined position is reached, because the anchor rod is longer than the drive rod, the anchor rod will be driven into the rock layer at the bottom of the anchor hole and further ahead, pulling out the drilling device along with the drive rod, and leaving the anchor rod in the anchor hole formed by drilling. Grouting is then injected into the anchor hole to complete the anchoring work.

[0018] Furthermore, when full-length grouting anchoring is implemented and solid anchor rods are selected, cement grout should be injected into the drilled anchor hole after the anchor rod is driven in and the drilling device is removed. A grout-blocking plug should be used to seal the anchor hole port. After the cement grout solidifies and forms a solidified body, a tray and anti-slip screw nut should be sequentially installed on the exposed part of the anchor hole.

[0019] Furthermore, when grouting end anchoring is implemented and hollow anchor rods are selected, an annular grout-blocking plug should be installed at the preset position of the hollow anchor rod after the hollow anchor rod is driven in. Then, grouting is carried out using the grouting hole set on the hollow anchor rod and the hollow anchor rod drill bit. The injection position of cement grout is restricted by the annular grout-blocking plug, and finally a cement grout solidified body is formed in the anchor hole. The tray and anti-slip thread nut are sequentially installed on the exposed part of the anchor hole, and the pre-tightening force is provided by pre-tightening the anti-slip thread nut along the thread helix angle.

[0020] Beneficial Effects: Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, this invention combines the functions of solving hole collapse, matching anchor hole and anchor bolt dimensions, and achieving integrated drilling and anchoring operations, thereby improving anchor bolt support efficiency and reducing construction costs. Its beneficial effects are undeniable: 1) Integrated drilling and anchoring operations simplify procedures, reduce support costs, and improve support efficiency; 2) It solves the problem of rework caused by hole collapse, saving significant manpower and resources; 3) It avoids the problem of mismatch between the anchor bolt and the pre-drilled anchor hole length, and the drilling device can be assembled and used with various types of anchor bolts / cables. It utilizes an electric motor to drive the drive wheel, which in turn drives the driven wheel, further rotating the drive rod; the rock and soil layer is cut by the rock and soil breaking drill bit, and the broken rock and soil are rolled into the sleeve; further, the rock and soil cut from the borehole are transported to the rock and soil discharge port for discharge through spirally arranged rock and soil discharge teeth. The anchor hole device is efficient and simple, solving the problem of complex procedures in anchor bolt support and addressing the problems of hole collapse and mismatch between anchor bolt and anchor hole dimensions in actual engineering projects. This invention has a simple structure, low cost, and stable function, which can improve the efficiency of anchor bolt support and reduce construction costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the integrated drilling and anchoring device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the drive rod of the integrated drilling and anchoring drilling device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the assembled anchor bolt of the drilling-anchor integrated drilling device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4(a) is a schematic diagram of the drilling and anchoring integrated drilling device driving ordinary anchor bolt drilling in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4(b) is a schematic diagram of the drilling and anchoring integrated drilling device driving the hollow anchor bolt to drill holes in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4(c) is a schematic diagram of the drilling and anchoring integrated drilling device driving the anchor cable to drill holes in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a rock-breaking drill bit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the driving wheel and the driven wheel in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the full-length anchorage support of the anchor bolt in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of hollow anchor bolt anchoring support in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1-surrounding rock, 2-anchor bolt, 3-anti-slip screw nut, 4-pallet, 5-anchor hole, 6-drive device, 7-control handle, 8-drive wheel, 9-drive shaft, 10-driven wheel, 11-motor, 12-bearing I, 13-rock and soil discharge port, 14-sleeve, 15-drive rod body, 16-bearing II, 17-annular grout plug, 18-rock and soil breaking cutter head, 19-rock and soil slag collection hole, 20-irregular protrusion, 21-end drill bit, 22-start control button, 23-speed adjustment button, 24-grout plug, 25-cement grout solidified body, 26-hollow anchor bolt, 27-grouting hole, 28-hollow anchor bolt drill bit, 29-anchor cable, 30-rock and soil breaking drill bit, 31-arc protrusion, 32-rock and soil discharge tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings:

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an integrated drilling and anchoring device, comprising a drive unit 6, a drive rod 15, and a sleeve 14. The drive unit 6 and the drive rod 15 are sequentially connected along an axis. The sleeve 14 is sleeved around the drive rod 15, and both ends of the sleeve 14 are connected to the enlarged ends of the drive rod 15 via bearings I12 and II16. Therefore, during drilling and anchoring, the drive rod 15 rotates and advances, breaking through the rock and soil, while the sleeve 14 only advances forward.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the drive rod 15 is a hollow rod. The enlarged end of the front end of the drive rod 15 is provided with a rock-breaking drill bit 30. The rock-breaking drill bit 30 is provided with a rock and soil slag collection hole 19. The rear side wall of the sleeve 14 is provided with a rock and soil slag discharge port 13. A soil discharge and conveying channel is formed between the sleeve 14 and the drive rod 15. The drive device 6 and the drive rod 15 are provided with a coaxial structure for installing the anchor rod 2. The rock-breaking drill bit 30 is provided with an outlet at its center. The anchor rod 2 enters from the tail hole of the drive device 6 and passes through the drive rod 15 until it extends out from the outlet of the rock-breaking drill bit 30.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the rock-breaking drill bit 30 has a pre-set channel at its center for sliding the anchor rod 2 or anchor cable 29 into it. Four to six irregularly shaped protrusions 20 are evenly arranged around the channel to secure the assembled anchor rod (cable), ensuring coordinated operation between the anchor rod (cable) and the device. The anchor rod (cable) has an arc-shaped protrusion 31 at its end that matches the irregularly shaped protrusions 20 on the rock-breaking drill bit 30, for coordinated operation with the drilling device. The drill bit 21 at the end of the anchor rod (cable) has a progressive thread for use with the drilling device to drill holes and break through the rock and soil.

[0036] As shown in Figures 4(a), 4(b), and 4(c), the front end of the driving device 6 is connected to a driving rod 15, and a sleeve 14 is fitted around the outside of the driving rod 15. The front and rear ends of the driving rod 15 are respectively provided with enlarged ends, the diameter of which is the same as that of the sleeve 14. The front end of the sleeve 14 is movably connected to the enlarged end of the front end of the driving rod 15 via a bearing II16, and the rear end of the sleeve 14 is movably connected to the enlarged end of the rear end of the driving rod 15 via a bearing I12. The end of the enlarged end of the front end of the driving rod 15 is provided with... The rock-breaking drill bit 30 has a rock and soil slag collection hole 19 and a rock and soil slag discharge port 13 on the rear side wall of the sleeve 14. A soil discharge and conveying channel is formed between the sleeve 14 and the drive rod 15. The drive device 6 and the drive rod 15 have coaxial structure channels for installing anchor bolts 2. The rock-breaking drill bit 30 has an outlet at its center. The anchor bolt 2 enters from the rear channel of the drive device 6, passes through the drive rod 15, and extends from the outlet of the rock-breaking drill bit 30. An end drill bit 21 is provided at the end of the anchor bolt 2. The drive device 6 and the drive rod 15 can be used with various types of anchor bolts and anchor cables.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, the rock-breaking drill bit 30 has multiple irregularly shaped protrusions 20 around the outlet at the end of the anchor rod 2. Multiple rock-breaking cutter heads 18 are evenly spaced on the end face of the drill bit 30, and each cutter head 18 has a rock and soil debris collection hole 19 on its side. The outer side of the drive rod 15 has spiral-shaped rock and soil discharge teeth 32 for moving the rock and soil debris. Three to four rock-breaking cutter heads 18 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the drill bit 30, and a rock and soil debris collection hole 19 is located adjacent to each cutter head 18 to facilitate the entry of rock and soil debris generated during drilling into the sleeve 14.

[0038] like Figure 7 As shown, when full-length grouting anchoring is implemented and the selected anchor rod 2 is a solid anchor rod, grout should be injected into the drilled anchor hole 5 after the anchor rod 2 is driven in and the drilling device is removed. After the cement grout has solidified, the tray 4 and anti-slip screw nut 3 should be installed in sequence on the exposed part of the anchor hole 5.

[0039] like Figure 8As shown, when grouting end anchoring is implemented and the selected anchor rod 2 is a hollow anchor rod 26, grout should be injected into the drilled anchor hole 5 after the anchor rod 2 is driven in and the drilling device is removed. After the cement grout has solidified, the tray 4 and anti-slip thread nut 3 are sequentially installed on the exposed part of the anchor hole 5. The pre-tightening force is provided by pre-tightening the anti-slip thread nut 3 along the thread helix angle.

Claims

1. A drilling and anchoring integrated drilling device, characterized in that: The device includes a drive unit (6), which is equipped with an adjustment handle (7). The front end of the drive unit (6) is connected to a drive rod (15). A sleeve (14) is fitted on the outside of the drive rod (15). The front and rear ends of the drive rod (15) are respectively provided with enlarged ends. The diameter of the enlarged ends is the same as that of the sleeve (14). The front end of the sleeve (14) is movably connected to the enlarged end of the front end of the drive rod (15) through bearing II (16). The rear end of the sleeve (14) is movably connected to the enlarged end of the rear end of the drive rod (15) through bearing I (12). The end of the enlarged end of the front end of the drive rod (15) is provided with a rock-breaking drill bit (30). The rock-breaking drill bit (30) is provided with a rock and soil slag collection hole (19). The rear side wall of the sleeve (14) is provided with a rock and soil slag discharge port (13). A soil discharge and conveying channel is formed between the sleeve (14) and the drive rod (15). The drive device (6) and the drive rod (15) are provided with a coaxial structure for installing the anchor rod (2) channel. The rock-breaking drill bit (30) has an outlet at its center. The anchor rod (2) passes through the tail channel of the drive device (6) and through the drive rod (15) until it extends out from the outlet of the rock-breaking drill bit (30). The end of the anchor rod (2) is provided with an end drill bit (21). The drive device (6) is equipped with an electric motor (11) and a linkage gear set. The linkage gear set includes a driven wheel (10) whose front end is embedded and linked with the enlarged end of the rear end of the drive rod (15). A circular hole matching the anchor rod (2) is opened at the center of the driven wheel (10). The anchor rod (2) passes through the circular hole into the drive rod (15) and through the hole in the drive rod (15). A drive wheel (8) is meshed on both sides of the driven wheel (10). The drive wheel (8) is connected to the electric motor (11) through the drive shaft (9). The end of the anchor rod (2) is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion (31) to match the irregular protrusion (20), so that the irregular protrusion (20) on the rock-breaking drill bit (30) can make the anchor rod (2) rotate together with the drive rod (15) without hindering the axial movement of the anchor rod (2); when drilling the surrounding rock (1), the motor (11) drives the drive wheel (8) and the driven wheel (10) to rotate, thereby driving the drive rod (15) to rotate, and the rock-breaking drill bit (30) on the drive rod (15) cuts the rock and soil layer to drill the hole. At this time, the rock and soil cut by the rock-breaking cutter head (18) enters the sleeve (14) through the rock and soil slag collection hole (19). Because the drive rod (15) has a spirally arranged rock and soil discharge teeth (32), the rock and soil cut by the drilling can be transported to the rock and soil discharge port (13) for discharge.

2. The integrated drilling and anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: As needed, the anchor rod (2) can be a solid conventional structure or a hollow structure. When the anchor rod (2) is a hollow anchor rod (26), the end drill bit (21) is a hollow anchor rod drill bit (28). The side wall of the anchor rod (2) near the end drill bit (21) is provided with a grouting hole (27) that communicates with the internal hollow structure.

3. The integrated drilling and anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock-breaking drill bit (30) has multiple irregular protrusions (20) around the outlet of the end of the anchor rod (2), and multiple rock-breaking cutter heads (18) are evenly spaced on the end face of the rock-breaking drill bit (30). Each rock-breaking cutter head (18) has a rock and soil slag collection hole (19) on its side; the drive rod body (15) has a spiral rock and soil discharge tooth (32) on its outer side for moving the rock and soil slag.

4. The integrated drilling and anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three to four rock-breaking cutter heads (18) are evenly arranged around the circumference of the rock-breaking drill bit (30). A rock and soil slag collection hole (19) is provided next to each rock-breaking cutter head (18) to facilitate the entry of rock and soil slag generated during drilling into the sleeve (14).

5. A method of using the integrated drilling and anchoring drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that... The steps are as follows: In the surrounding rock (1), the drilling-anchor position is marked in advance, and the anchor rod (2) is selected according to the actual situation of the project. The end of the anchor rod (2) is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion (31) that matches the irregular protrusion (20) on the rock-breaking drill bit (30). Then push the selected anchor rod (2) into the drilling device along the hole from the side where the rock breaking drill bit (30) is located, and ensure that the arc-shaped protrusion (31) at the end of the anchor rod (2) is in front of the rock breaking cutter head (18) during assembly; Start the drive device (6), and control the drive device (6) to drive the drive rod (15) to rotate through the control button (22) and the speed adjustment button (23). The irregular protrusion (20) on the drive rod (15) causes the anchor rod (2) to rotate together with the drive rod (15) through the arc protrusion (31). The rock breaking cutter head (18) cuts the soil layer on the surrounding rock (1) to drill holes. During the drilling process, the sleeve (14) does not rotate. The rock and soil fragments cut by the rock and soil breaking cutter (18) enter the sleeve (14) through the rock and soil slag collection hole (19). Because the drive rod (15) has inherent spirally arranged rock and soil discharge teeth (32), the rock and soil fragments cut by the drilling are sent through the rock and soil slag collection hole (19) into the soil discharge conveying channel and are transported to the soil discharge outlet (13) by the rotating spiral rock and soil discharge teeth (32). Because the end of the anchor rod (2) is before the rock and soil breaking drill bit (30) when it is assembled with the drilling device, the drill bit (21) at the end of the anchor rod (2) is embedded in the rock and soil layer. When the drilling reaches the predetermined position, because the anchor rod (2) is longer than the drive rod (15), the anchor rod (2) will be driven into the rock layer at the bottom of the anchor hole and further forward, pulling out the drilling device along with the drive rod (15), and leaving the anchor rod (2) in the anchor hole (5) formed by drilling, and grouting into the anchor hole (5) to complete the anchoring work.

6. The method of use according to claim 5, characterized in that: When grouting is performed for full-length anchoring and the selected anchor rod (2) is a solid anchor rod, after the anchor rod (2) is driven in and the drilling device is removed, cement grout should be injected into the drilled anchor hole (5) and the grout plug (24) should be used to seal the port of the anchor hole (5). After the cement grout solidified body (25) is formed, the tray (4) and anti-slip screw nut (3) should be installed in sequence on the exposed part of the anchor hole (5).

7. The method of use according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the grouting end anchor is implemented and the selected anchor rod (2) is a hollow anchor rod (26), after the hollow anchor rod (26) is driven in, an annular grout-blocking plug (17) should be set at the preset position of the hollow anchor rod (26). Then, grouting is performed using the grouting hole (27) set on the hollow anchor rod (26) and the hollow anchor rod drill bit (28). The cement grout injection position is restricted by the annular grout-blocking plug (17). Finally, a cement grout solidified body (25) is formed in the anchor hole (5). The tray (4) and anti-slip thread nut (3) are sequentially installed on the exposed part of the anchor hole (5). The pre-tightening force is provided along the thread helix angle by pre-tightening the anti-slip thread nut (3).

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