A piston outer circle friction and wear testing device

Abstract

This invention discloses a piston outer diameter friction and wear testing device, comprising a chassis, a side pressure loading system, and a lifting system. The side pressure loading system is connected to a tray, and the piston to be tested is fixedly mounted on the tray. The lifting system is connected to a rotary actuator, and the output end of the rotary actuator is connected to a friction wheel. The side of the friction wheel is provided with an arc groove arranged circumferentially around a horizontal axis. The radius of the arc groove matches the radius of the piston to be tested. The side of the piston to be tested is embedded in the arc groove. The side pressure loading system pushes the piston to be tested horizontally through the tray to press against the arc groove. The rotary actuator drives the friction wheel to rotate around the horizontal axis, and the lifting system drives the friction wheel to reciprocate up and down. This invention greatly simplifies the linkage mechanism required for the movement of the piston to be tested, making the testing device simpler. It can test pistons of different sizes, improving the applicability of the device, realizing friction and wear tests on different piston outer diameter positions under different test pressures, and improving work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engine testing technology, and in particular to a piston outer circle friction and wear testing device. Background Technology

[0002] As engine performance increases, the piston's working environment deteriorates. The high temperature, high speed, and high explosive pressure of the service environment accelerate the friction and wear rate of the piston's outer circumference, resulting in a shorter piston lifespan. With advancements in engine technology, engines are developing towards higher power, higher speed, lower emissions, and higher thermal efficiency, leading to increasingly higher performance coefficients. As a core component of the engine, the piston's working environment is becoming increasingly harsh, placing higher demands on its structure and lifespan, particularly on the matching design between the piston's outer circumference and the cylinder liner. Currently, different design schemes require multiple verifications through engine bench testing to achieve the optimal matching effect, resulting in a long development cycle. Engine bench testing requires setting up corresponding cylinder liner structures and crankshaft connecting rod mechanisms. High-temperature, high-pressure combustion gases drive the piston under test in high-speed reciprocating motion within the cylinder liner, driving the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism to conduct friction and wear tests. This process is complex and inefficient.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a simple and efficient piston outer circle friction and wear testing device is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a piston outer circle friction and wear testing device, which simulates the cylinder liner movement in reverse by rotating friction wheel, simplifies the linkage mechanism required for the piston movement under test, makes the device simpler, and improves working efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a piston outer circle friction and wear testing device, including a chassis and a side pressure loading system and a lifting system mounted on the chassis. The side pressure loading system is connected to a tray, and the piston to be tested is fixedly mounted on the tray. The axis of the piston to be tested is arranged vertically. The lifting system is connected to a rotary driver, and the output end of the rotary driver is connected to a friction wheel. The axis of the friction wheel is arranged horizontally, and the side of the friction wheel is provided with an arc groove arranged circumferentially around the horizontal axis. The radius of the arc groove matches the radius of the piston to be tested. The side of the piston to be tested is embedded in the arc groove. The side pressure loading system pushes the piston to be tested horizontally through the tray to press the arc groove. The rotary driver drives the friction wheel to rotate around the horizontal axis, so that the arc groove rubs against the side of the piston to be tested. The lifting system drives the friction wheel to reciprocate up and down.

[0006] Preferably, the side pressure loading system includes a hydraulic power pump and a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is arranged horizontally and its piston rod is connected to the tray, pushing the piston to be tested to move horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the friction wheel.

[0007] Preferably, the device includes two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders, both of which are connected to the tray. The two trays are arranged opposite each other and can drive the two pistons to be tested to press against the arc groove from both sides of the friction wheel.

[0008] Preferably, the lifting system includes a first pillar and a second pillar arranged opposite to each other. The rotary driver is installed on the upper end of the first pillar, and the second pillar is provided with a limit support mechanism. The friction wheel is provided with a rotating shaft at both ends. One of the rotating shafts is connected to the output end of the rotary driver, and the first pillar can extend and retract up and down to drive the friction wheel to move up and down reciprocally. The other rotating shaft is connected to the limit support mechanism and can move up and down along the limit support mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the first support column is provided with a vertically arranged hydraulic lifting cylinder, the top of the hydraulic lifting cylinder is equipped with a lifting platform, and the rotary drive is installed on the lifting platform. The rotary drive is specifically a servo motor.

[0010] Preferably, the tray includes a side plate and a bottom plate, the side plate is connected to the side pressure loading system, the bottom plate is used to support the piston to be tested, the pull head passes through the piston pin inside the piston to be tested, and the locking bolt connects the pull head and the bottom plate.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a measurement and control system, which is communicatively connected to the side pressure loading system, the lifting system, and the rotary drive.

[0012] Preferably, a protective cover is provided on the chassis, the protective cover covering the friction wheel and the tray.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a lubrication temperature control system, which is capable of spraying lubricating oil into the arc groove.

[0014] Preferably, the lubrication temperature control system includes a lubricating oil pump, an oil outlet pipe, an oil return pipe, and an oil injector. The oil outlet of the lubricating oil pump is connected to the oil injector through the oil outlet pipe. The outlet of the oil injector is inclined upward toward the arc groove. An oil collection port is provided on the chassis. The oil return port of the lubricating oil pump is connected to the oil collection port through the oil return pipe.

[0015] This invention provides a piston outer circle friction and wear testing device, including a chassis and a side pressure loading system and a lifting system mounted on the chassis. The side pressure loading system is connected to a tray, and the piston to be tested is fixedly mounted on the tray. The axis of the piston to be tested is arranged vertically. The lifting system is connected to a rotary driver, and the output end of the rotary driver is connected to a friction wheel. The axis of the friction wheel is arranged horizontally, and the side of the friction wheel is provided with an arc groove arranged circumferentially around the horizontal axis. The radius of the arc groove matches the radius of the piston to be tested. The side of the piston to be tested is embedded in the arc groove. The side pressure loading system pushes the piston to be tested horizontally through the tray to press the arc groove. The rotary driver drives the friction wheel to rotate around the horizontal axis, so that the arc groove rubs against the side of the piston to be tested. The lifting system drives the friction wheel to move up and down reciprocally.

[0016] During operation, the piston to be tested is mounted on a tray, which is then embedded in an arc groove. Lateral pressure is applied, causing the friction wheel to rotate and move up and down, completing the friction and wear test. Using the friction wheel to simulate the cylinder liner's movement in reverse greatly simplifies the linkage mechanism required for the piston's movement, making the testing device simpler. Testing pistons of different sizes only requires replacing the friction wheel and tray; no other parts need to be replaced, improving the device's applicability. This allows for friction and wear tests on different piston outer diameter positions under different test pressures, providing experimental verification data for piston outer diameter matching design and experimental basis for optimizing piston outer diameter structure design, thus improving work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A top view schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the piston outer circle friction and wear testing device provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the piston outer circle friction and wear testing device provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view of the friction wheel in a specific embodiment of the piston outer circle friction and wear testing device provided by the present invention.

[0020] The components include: chassis 1, tray 2, piston to be tested 3, friction wheel 4, arc groove 41, hydraulic power pump 5, hydraulic cylinder 6, first support column 7, second support column 8, limit support mechanism 9, servo motor 10, pull head 11, locking bolt 12, measurement and control system 13, protective cover 14, lubricating oil pump 15, oil outlet pipe 16, oil return pipe 17, and oil injector 18. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The core of this invention is to provide a piston outer circle friction and wear testing device, which simulates the cylinder liner movement in reverse by rotating friction wheel, simplifies the linkage mechanism required for the piston movement under test, makes the device simpler, and improves working efficiency.

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] This invention provides a piston outer circle friction and wear testing device, including a chassis 1 and a side pressure loading system and a lifting system mounted on the chassis 1. The side pressure loading system is connected to a tray 2, and the piston to be tested 3 is fixedly mounted on the tray 2. The axis of the piston to be tested 3 is arranged vertically. The lifting system is connected to a rotary driver, and the output end of the rotary driver is connected to a friction wheel 4. The axis of the friction wheel 4 is arranged horizontally. Specifically, the outer circumferential side of the friction wheel 4 is provided with an arc groove 41 arranged circumferentially around the horizontal axis. That is, the friction wheel 4 is a rotating body with a cylindrical structure. The axis of the cylinder is arranged horizontally, and a rotating annular groove is machined on the outer side of the cylinder. The opening of the groove faces the circumferential outer periphery and surrounds the horizontal axis. Furthermore, the radius of the arc groove 41 matches the radius of the piston 3 under test. During the test, the side of the piston 3 under test is embedded in the arc groove 41. The side pressure loading system pushes the piston 3 under test to move horizontally through the tray 2. The direction of movement is perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the friction wheel 4, so that the piston 3 under test presses against the arc groove 41. The rotary driver drives the friction wheel 4 to rotate around the horizontal axis, so that the arc groove 41 rubs against the side of the piston 3 under test. The friction wheel 4 moves relative to the piston 3 under test, so that the piston 3 under test is always located in the arc groove 41. At the same time, the lifting system drives the friction wheel 4 to move up and down reciprocally.

[0024] During operation, the piston 3 to be tested is mounted on the tray 2, with the tray 2 embedded in the arc groove 41. Lateral pressure is applied, causing the friction wheel 4 to rotate and move up and down, completing the friction and wear test. Using the friction wheel 4 to simulate the cylinder liner movement in reverse greatly simplifies the linkage mechanism required for the movement of the piston 3 under test, making the test device simpler. For testing pistons 3 of different sizes, only the friction wheel 4 and the tray 2 need to be replaced; no other parts need to be replaced, improving the applicability of the device. This allows for friction and wear tests under different test pressures at different piston outer circle positions, providing experimental verification data for the matching design of the piston outer circle, providing experimental basis for the optimized design of the piston outer circle structure, and improving work efficiency.

[0025] The side pressure is applied to the piston 3 under test by a side pressure loading system. The side pressure loading system can be driven by various methods, such as motor drive or pneumatic drive. Preferably, it can be driven by hydraulic system. The side pressure loading system includes a hydraulic power pump 5 and a hydraulic cylinder 6. The hydraulic cylinder 6 is arranged horizontally and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is connected to the tray 2. When working, the hydraulic power pump 5 inputs hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder 6, causing the hydraulic cylinder 6 to extend and push the tray 2 and the piston 3 under test to move horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the friction wheel 4.

[0026] Specifically, the side pressure can be calculated based on the piston's movement and swing angle in the engine. Therefore, it can provide side pressure to both pistons simultaneously. It can also be adjusted based on the side pressure of the piston's main and auxiliary thrust surfaces in the cylinder liner. Simultaneously, it can also conduct tests on two pistons with different outer circular profiles. Two hydraulic cylinders 6 can be symmetrically arranged, and both hydraulic cylinders 6 are connected to trays 6. The two trays 6 are arranged opposite each other, so that the two pistons to be tested 3 can be placed on the two trays 6 respectively. The two pistons to be tested 3 are embedded into the arc grooves 41 from both sides of the friction wheel 4. During operation, the hydraulic power pump 5 drives the two hydraulic cylinders 6 to extend synchronously, thereby driving the two trays 6 and the pistons to be tested 3 to press against the arc grooves 41 from both sides of the friction wheel 4.

[0027] In the piston outer circle friction and wear test device provided in the specific embodiment of the present invention, the lifting system includes a first support column 7 and a second support column 8 arranged opposite to each other. Specifically, the line connecting the first support column 7 and the second support column 8 is parallel to the horizontal axis of the friction wheel 4 and is located between the two trays 2. A rotary driver is installed on the upper end of the first support column 7, and a limit support mechanism 9 is provided on the second support column 8. Rotary shafts are provided at both ends of the friction wheel 4. One rotary shaft is connected to the output end of the rotary driver, and the first support column 7 can extend and retract up and down to drive the friction wheel 4 to move up and down reciprocally. The other rotary shaft is connected to the limit support mechanism 9 and can move up and down along the limit support mechanism 9.

[0028] Specifically, the first support column 7 is equipped with a vertically arranged hydraulic lifting cylinder. A lifting platform is installed at the top of the hydraulic lifting cylinder, and a rotary driver, specifically a servo motor 10, is installed on the lifting platform. This allows the entire assembly to move up and down, achieving repeated frictional motion on the outer circle of the piston 3 under test. The specific working process is as follows: Hydraulic drive causes the hydraulic lifting cylinder to extend or retract, thereby controlling the rise or fall of the lifting platform. This drives the servo motor 10 and the friction wheel 4 connected to the servo motor 10 to move up and down. Another rotating shaft of the friction wheel 4 is inserted into the limiting support mechanism 9, providing support and limiting guidance for the rotating shaft. Based on the piston's movement within the cylinder sleeve, the head generally does not contact the cylinder sleeve; the main guiding part is the piston skirt. Therefore, the limiting support mechanism 9 can limit the vertical displacement of the lifting platform according to the height of the piston skirt. Alternatively, a corresponding hydraulic lifting cylinder can be installed in the second support column 8, allowing the two hydraulic lifting cylinders to extend and retract synchronously. Other lifting methods, such as motor-driven transmission mechanisms, are also possible and are within the scope of this invention.

[0029] For stable support, tray 2 includes side plates and a bottom plate, forming an L-shaped structure. The L-shaped bottom plate extends toward the friction wheel 4. The side plates are connected to the side pressure loading system. The bottom plate is used to support the piston 3 under test and is equipped with a pull head 11 and a locking bolt. During installation, the piston 3 under test is placed on the bottom plate, the pull head 11 extends into the piston 3 under test, and the pull head 11 passes through the piston pin inside the piston 3 under test. The pull head 11 and the bottom plate are connected by the locking bolt 12, so that the piston 3 under test is fixedly installed on tray 2. Tray 2 can be set as a standard part. Tray 2 needs to be manufactured according to the size of the piston to prevent the piston under test from shifting during the test.

[0030] In the piston outer circle friction and wear testing device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention, a measurement and control system 13 is provided. The measurement and control system 13 is communicatively connected to the side pressure loading system, the lifting system, and the rotary drive. It is mainly used for setting and controlling the speed of the servo motor 10, the up and down movement speed and limit of the lifting platform, the pressure measurement control of the side pressure loading system, displaying all data and saving it.

[0031] Furthermore, a protective cover 14 is provided on the chassis 1, which covers the friction wheel 4 and the tray 2. At the same time, a notch is provided on the side of the protective cover 14 to facilitate the insertion of other components.

[0032] Based on the piston outer circle friction and wear test device provided in the above specific embodiments, a lubrication temperature control system is also provided, which can spray lubricating oil into the arc groove 41. This provides lubricating oil at a certain temperature to the friction wheel 4 and the piston 3 under test, allowing them to rub against each other at a certain temperature. Of course, friction and wear tests under various test conditions, such as rich oil, poor oil, or dry friction, can also be performed.

[0033] Specifically, the lubrication temperature control system includes a lubricating oil pump 15, an oil outlet pipe 16, an oil return pipe 17, and an oil injector 18. The oil outlet of the lubricating oil pump 15 is connected to the oil injector 18 through the oil outlet pipe 16. The outlet of the oil injector 18 is inclined upward toward the arc groove 41. An oil collection port is provided on the chassis 1, and the oil return port of the lubricating oil pump 15 is connected to the oil collection port through the oil return pipe 17. The lubricating oil pump 15 outputs lubricating oil and sprays it onto the arc groove 41 through the oil injector 18. The dripping lubricating oil is then collected at the oil collection port and flows back to the lubricating oil pump 15.

[0034] The specific friction and wear test method is as follows:

[0035] S1: Based on the engine cylinder liner and piston, complete the manufacturing of friction wheel 4, tray 2, and pull head 11 of corresponding dimensions;

[0036] S2: Inspect the outer diameter and profile of the piston 3 to be tested, and record the test results;

[0037] S3: Install the friction wheel 4 according to the position of the piston outer circle, and install and fix the piston to be tested 3 on the tray 2;

[0038] S4: Determining test parameters: Based on the engine parameters, determine the rotational speed, up-and-down movement frequency, and stroke of friction wheel 4; calculate the piston side pressure and set the loading pressure in the side pressure loading system;

[0039] S5: Start the lubrication temperature control system and start the servo motor 10. After the friction wheel 4 and the piston under test 3 are fully lubricated, stop the servo motor 10.

[0040] S6: Adjust the positions of the two pistons 3 to be tested on the left and right sides so that the pistons 3 to be tested contact with the friction wheel 4 and reach the loading pressure;

[0041] S7: Start the servo motor 10 and rotate the friction wheel 4 at low speed to observe the contact between the friction wheel 4 and the piston 3 under test;

[0042] S8: After confirming that there is no abnormality in the contact between the friction wheel 4 and the piston 3 under test, start the test. After completing the specified number of cycles, record the test loading pressure curve and the number of cycles.

[0043] S9: Stop the machine, remove the piston 3 to be tested, and check the diameter and profile of the outer test part of the piston 3.

[0044] S10: Test Evaluation: Based on the test results before and after the test, calculate the wear amount of the piston outer circle, evaluate the friction and wear of the piston outer circle and the rationality of the piston outer circle structure, or propose optimization and improvement schemes.

[0045] The piston outer circle friction and wear testing device provided by the present invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A piston outer circle friction and wear testing device, characterized in that, The system includes a chassis (1) and a side pressure loading system and a lifting system mounted on the chassis (1). The side pressure loading system is connected to a tray (2). The piston (3) to be tested is fixedly mounted on the tray (2). The axis of the piston (3) to be tested is arranged vertically. The lifting system is connected to a rotary driver. The output end of the rotary driver is connected to a friction wheel (4). The axis of the friction wheel (4) is arranged horizontally. The side of the friction wheel (4) is provided with an arc groove (41) arranged around the horizontal axis. The arc radius of the arc groove (41) matches the radius of the piston (3) to be tested. The side of the piston (3) to be tested is embedded in the arc groove (41). The side pressure loading system pushes the piston (3) to be tested horizontally through the tray (2) to press the arc groove (41). The rotary driver drives the friction wheel (4) to rotate around the horizontal axis, so that the arc groove (41) rubs the side of the piston (3) to be tested. The lifting system drives the friction wheel (4) to move up and down reciprocally. The tray (2) includes a side plate and a bottom plate. The side plate is connected to the side pressure loading system. The bottom plate is used to support the piston (3) to be tested. The pull head (11) passes through the piston pin inside the piston (3) to be tested. The locking bolt (12) connects the pull head (11) and the bottom plate. It also includes a lubrication temperature control system, which is capable of spraying lubricating oil into the arc groove (41); The lubrication temperature control system includes a lubricating oil pump (15), an oil outlet pipe (16), an oil return pipe (17), and an oil injector (18). The oil outlet of the lubricating oil pump (15) is connected to the oil injector (18) through the oil outlet pipe (16). The outlet of the oil injector (18) is inclined upward toward the arc groove (41). An oil collection port is provided on the chassis (1). The oil return port of the lubricating oil pump (15) is connected to the oil collection port through the oil return pipe (17).

2. The piston outer circle friction and wear testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side pressure loading system includes a hydraulic power pump (5) and a hydraulic cylinder (6). The hydraulic cylinder (6) is arranged horizontally and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (6) is connected to the tray (2), which pushes the piston (3) to be tested to move horizontally and the direction of movement is perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the friction wheel (4).

3. The piston outer circle friction and wear testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It includes two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders (6), both of which are connected to the tray (2). The two trays (2) are arranged opposite to each other and can drive the two pistons to be tested (3) to press the arc groove (41) by the two sides of the friction wheel (4).

4. The piston outer circle friction and wear testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting system includes a first pillar (7) and a second pillar (8) arranged opposite to each other. The rotary driver is installed on the upper end of the first pillar (7), and the second pillar (8) is provided with a limit support mechanism (9). The friction wheel (4) is provided with a rotating shaft at both ends. One of the rotating shafts is connected to the output end of the rotary driver, and the first pillar (7) can extend and retract up and down to drive the friction wheel (4) to move up and down reciprocally. The other rotating shaft is connected to the limit support mechanism (9) and can move up and down along the limit support mechanism (9).

5. The piston outer circle friction and wear testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first support column (7) is equipped with a vertically arranged hydraulic lifting cylinder. A lifting platform is installed at the top of the hydraulic lifting cylinder. The rotary drive is installed on the lifting platform. The rotary drive is specifically a servo motor (10).

6. The piston outer circle friction and wear testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a measurement and control system (13), which is communicatively connected to the side pressure loading system, the lifting system and the rotary drive.

7. The piston outer circle friction and wear testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A protective cover (14) is provided on the chassis (1), which covers the friction wheel (4) and the tray (2).

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