A pressure-retaining sampling tool applicable to the deep-sea surface layer and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of deep-sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling, and particularly refers to a pressure-maintaining sampling tool suitable for deep-sea surface and its usage method. The pressure-maintaining sampling tool suitable for deep-sea surface of the present invention includes a differential fishing mechanism, an inner tube differential mechanism, an outer tube mechanism with a ball valve, a core inner tube mechanism, a sampling tube, a protection support frame and a pressure-maintaining transfer cabin. By means of simple wire lifting and lowering operations, the pressure-maintaining sampling tool suitable for deep-sea surface can be lowered to the seabed to penetrate the seabed, the surface sample can be lifted and sealed for pressure maintenance, the ball valve can be closed quickly for pressure maintenance and disassembled when out of the water surface, and the gravity of the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin can be simply transferred, improving production efficiency, reducing the technical requirements for ships in surface pressure-maintaining sampling, and reducing production costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deep - sea surface pressure - maintaining sampling, and particularly refers to a deep - sea surface pressure - maintaining sampling tool suitable for the same and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] For the need to study sediments containing natural gas hydrates and sediments containing free gas, analyze the structure and composition of natural gas hydrates in natural sea areas, reveal their distribution in sediments under in - situ pressure and temperature conditions, and avoid a large - degree change in the original sediment structure, establishing a connection between the backscatter image of the seabed and the content of natural gas and natural gas hydrates in shallow - sea sediments can enable people to quickly map the gas content in the uppermost part of the seabed. At the same time, deep - sea sediments are considered to account for more than 60% of all bacterial biomass on Earth. Due to the limited development of technology, the research on pressure - sensitive microorganisms in the underground high - pressure field is not yet mature, and the scope of deep - microbial habitats, which are considered to account for about 10% of the total global biomass, has only been identified recently. Understanding the biosphere below the seabed may help determine the limits of life on Earth and help identify biotechnologically useful organisms. With the gradual development and maturity of marine pressure - maintaining sampling technology, humans can already obtain in - situ pressure - maintaining samples from the deep sea or underground wells, which provides feasible conditions for obtaining pressure - sensitive microbial samples in the deep sea or underground high - pressure field. It is of great significance to evaluate the biological activity in deep - water sediments without pressure reduction.

[0003] The present invention proposes a deep - sea surface pressure - maintaining sampling tool suitable for the same and its usage method. Using a wire rope for operation can facilitate and quickly conduct surface pressure - maintaining sampling of the seabed, reduce the technical requirements for ships for surface pressure - maintaining sampling, and the proposed simple and rapid pressure - maintaining transfer method can improve production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is: to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a deep - sea surface pressure - maintaining sampling tool suitable for the same and its usage method.

[0005] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A deep - sea surface pressure - maintaining sampling tool includes a differential fishing mechanism, an inner - tube differential mechanism, a ball - valve connecting mechanism, a lower - end sealing mechanism, a core inner - tube mechanism, a sampling tube, and a pressure - maintaining transfer chamber;

[0007] The differential fishing mechanism, the ball - valve connecting mechanism, the lower - end sealing mechanism, and the sampling tube are concentrically and detachably connected in sequence from top to bottom to form an outer - tube assembly; the inner - tube differential mechanism and the core inner - tube mechanism are detachably connected to form an inner - tube assembly, and the inner - tube assembly can slide within the outer - tube assembly;

[0008] When the inner tube assembly slides upward, it triggers the automatic sealing connection of the lower end sealing mechanism, separates the inner tube differential mechanism from the core inner tube mechanism, and the inner tube differential mechanism slides upward to form an upper end seal; the core inner tube mechanism slides downward.

[0009] The space between the upper end seal and the ball valve connection mechanism forms a first sealed space; the space between the ball valve connection mechanism and the lower end sealing mechanism forms a second sealed space.

[0010] The ball valve connection mechanism docks with the pressure - maintaining transfer chamber to transfer the core inner tube mechanism into the pressure - maintaining transfer chamber.

[0011] As an improvement to the technical solution of the present invention applicable to deep - sea surface pressure - maintaining sampling tools, the ball valve connection mechanism includes a first ball valve and a first quick connection.

[0012] The ball valve connection mechanism separates the first sealed space and the second sealed space through the first ball valve and is hermetically connected to the pressure - maintaining transfer chamber through the first quick connection.

[0013] As an improvement to the technical solution of the present invention applicable to deep - sea surface pressure - maintaining sampling tools, the ball valve connection mechanism further includes an inner tube differential limit joint, an upper end seal connecting pipe, a first quick connection, a first quick connection sealing ring, a first stop valve, a first ball valve, a second quick connection, a second quick connection sealing ring, and a lower end seal connecting pipe.

[0014] The first quick connection and the first quick connection sealing ring, as well as the second quick connection and the second quick connection sealing ring, respectively form a first sealing mechanism and a second sealing mechanism; the first sealing mechanism and the second sealing mechanism are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the first ball valve; the upper end seal connecting pipe passes through the first sealing mechanism, and the lower end seal connecting pipe passes through the second sealing mechanism.

[0015] The first stop valve is arranged on the upper end seal connecting pipe, and the first stop valve is used to adjust the opening and closing of the upper end seal connecting pipe.

[0016] The upper end of the upper end seal connecting pipe is provided with the inner tube differential limit joint, and the inner tube differential limit joint is used for the detachable connection between the ball valve connection mechanism and the inner tube differential mechanism.

[0017] As an improvement to the technical solution of the present invention applicable to deep - sea surface pressure - maintaining sampling tools, the pressure - maintaining transfer chamber includes a second ball valve, a pressure - resistant chamber, a second stop valve, a third stop valve, a third quick connection sealing ring, and a third quick connection buckle.

[0018] The second stop valve and the third stop valve are respectively arranged at both ends of the pressure-resistant cabin, and the second ball valve is arranged outside the third stop valve; the third quick-connection buckle and the third quick-connection sealing ring are arranged below the second ball valve;

[0019] When pressure holding and transfer are required, open the third stop valve and / or the second stop valve, and inject water to hold pressure through the third stop valve and / or the second stop valve.

[0020] As an improvement to the technical solution of the deep-sea surface pressure-holding sampling tool of the present invention, the deep-sea surface pressure-holding sampling tool further includes a protection support frame;

[0021] The ball valve connection mechanism and the sampling pipe are installed in the protection support frame.

[0022] As an improvement to the technical solution of the deep-sea surface pressure-holding sampling tool of the present invention, the protection support frame includes a ball valve protection cover, a stud, a limit plate, a structural truss and an installation support seat;

[0023] The ball valve protection cover is sleeved outside the first ball valve of the ball valve connection mechanism, and the ball valve protection cover is connected to the installation support seat through the structural truss. The limit plate is installed on the upper surface of the installation support seat and is connected to the sampling pipe through the stud.

[0024] As an improvement to the technical solution of the deep-sea surface pressure-holding sampling tool of the present invention, the core inner pipe mechanism includes a second fishing spear, a lining pipe and a retaining spring;

[0025] The lining pipe is arranged inside the sampling pipe; the core inner pipe mechanism and the inner pipe differential mechanism are detachably connected through the second fishing spear; the retaining spring is arranged at the lower part of the lining pipe.

[0026] A method for using a deep-sea surface pressure-holding sampling tool, which is used in cooperation with the deep-sea surface pressure-holding sampling tool as described above, includes the following steps:

[0027] S1. The differential fishing mechanism lowers the deep-sea surface pressure-holding sampling tool to the seabed surface layer, the sampling pipe penetrates into the seabed surface layer, and the seabed surface layer sample penetrates into the core inner pipe mechanism; the differential fishing mechanism and the inner pipe differential mechanism are connected;

[0028] S2. Lift the deep-sea surface pressure-holding sampling tool through the differential fishing mechanism, the inner pipe differential mechanism and the ball valve connection mechanism are disengaged, the inner pipe differential mechanism and the core inner pipe mechanism move upward, the inner pipe differential mechanism forms an upper seal, and the lower end seal mechanism forms a lower end seal;

[0029] The space between the upper end seal and the ball valve connecting mechanism forms a first sealed space; the space between the ball valve connecting mechanism and the lower end seal mechanism forms a second sealed space;

[0030] The ball valve connecting mechanism is docked with the pressure maintaining transfer chamber, and the core inner pipe mechanism is transferred into the pressure maintaining transfer chamber.

[0031] S3. Increase the pressure in the pressure maintaining transfer chamber. When the pressure inside the pressure maintaining transfer chamber is balanced with the pressure in the second sealed space, open the first ball valve in the ball valve connecting mechanism, and the core inner pipe mechanism can be vertically flipped to achieve gravity-sliding pressure maintaining transfer.

[0032] A pressure maintaining transfer method applicable to deep-sea surface layer pressure maintaining sampling, used in conjunction with the deep-sea surface layer pressure maintaining sampling tool as described above, includes the following steps:

[0033] S1. Lift the deep-sea surface layer pressure maintaining sampling tool by a steel wire rope, lower it underwater to contact the seabed, and rely on the self-weight of the deep-sea surface layer pressure maintaining sampling tool. The sampling pipe penetrates into the seabed surface layer, and the seabed surface layer sample enters the inner lining pipe in the core inner pipe mechanism;

[0034] Meanwhile, the resistance of the surface layer sample entering the inner lining pipe is transmitted to the ball valve connecting mechanism and the protection support frame through the second elastic fishing hook installation joint and the spring clip of the inner pipe differential mechanism;

[0035] S2. Continue to lower the deep-sea surface layer pressure maintaining sampling tool by hoisting the tool with the steel wire rope until the steel wire rope is relatively loose. At this time, the seabed completely bears the self-weight of the deep-sea surface layer pressure maintaining sampling tool, and the first elastic fishing hook inside the differential fishing mechanism starts to slide downward in the first connecting pipe to the lower limit position, and the first elastic fishing hook is connected to the first fishing spear;

[0036] S3. Lift the steel wire rope to drive the release pipe to move upward relative to the spring clip bracket to retract the spring clip, and the spring clip is disengaged from the spring clip limit joint, driving the inner pipe differential mechanism and the core inner pipe mechanism to move upward;

[0037] When the retaining spring moves upward above the first ball valve, the lower end seal ball valve is pushed by the ball valve driving spring to flip downward 90 degrees to form a lower end seal;

[0038] S4. Continue to lift the steel wire rope until the upper shoulder of the second elastic fishing hook installation joint contacts the upper reduced diameter shoulder of the upper end seal connecting pipe, and the sealing structure enters the sealing surface of the upper end seal connecting pipe to form an upper end seal;

[0039] At the same time, the upper part of the second elastic salvage hook enters the upper reduced diameter section of the upper sealed connecting pipe, and the second elastic salvage hook disengages the second salvage spear; the core inner tube mechanism falls freely under the action of gravity until the retaining spring contacts the lower sealing ball valve and stops falling;

[0040] S5. Continue to pull up the wire rope, which is suitable for deep-sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tools, off the seabed to the deck of the ship. Close the first ball valve. The first ball valve forms a second upper seal relative to the lower seal. Open the first stop valve and slowly release the high pressure inside the first connecting pipe to normal pressure. Loosen the first quick connector and pull out the upper sealed connecting pipe.

[0041] S6. Connect the first ball valve to the second ball valve of the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin via a third quick-connect buckle. Open the second ball valve, and open the second stop valve and / or the third stop valve to inject water into the pressure-resistant cabin until the pressure inside the pressure-resistant cabin and the pressure inside the sealed connecting pipe at the lower end of one end of the first ball valve are balanced. Then, open the first ball valve and flip it vertically to achieve gravity sliding pressure-maintaining transfer of the core inner tube mechanism.

[0042] S7. Close the second ball valve and open the first stop valve to release the internal pressure of the lower end sealing connecting pipe at one end of the first ball valve. Remove the third quick-connect sealing ring to achieve constant pressure and transfer the pressure-maintained sample to the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin for laboratory storage.

[0043] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0044] In the present invention, a tool is provided that can perform pressure-maintaining transfer while taking pressure-maintaining sampling. Through simple steel wire lifting and lowering operations, the pressure-maintaining sampling tool can be lowered to the seabed, penetrated into the seabed, surface samples can be lifted up for sealing and pressure maintenance, the ball valve can be quickly disassembled when it comes out of the water, and the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin can be simply transferred by gravity. This improves production efficiency, reduces the technical requirements of surface pressure-maintaining sampling on ships, and reduces production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin in the present invention;

[0047] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for lowering the surface layer to maintain pressure for sampling, wherein:

[0048] Figure 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of the installation on the ship deck;

[0049] Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of lowering to the seabed and gravity pressing into the seabed for sampling;

[0050] FIG3 (c) is a schematic diagram showing the inner tube mechanism of the core tube being lifted to the top of the lower end sealing ball valve, and the lower end sealing ball valve automatically flipping and sealing;

[0051] Figure 3(d) is a schematic diagram of the inner pipe mechanism of the core barrel being continuously lifted, where the inner pipe mechanism of the core barrel is decoupled and falls above the lower end seal ball valve;

[0052] Figure 3(e) is a schematic diagram of continuously lifting and leaving the seabed;

[0053] Figure 3(f) is a schematic diagram of being recovered to the ship's deck;

[0054] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram for connecting the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin, conducting pressure-maintaining transfer, and relying on gravity for pressure-maintaining transfer.

[0055] Explanation of reference numerals: 10 - differential fishing mechanism; 101 - wire rope; 102 - first connecting rod; 103 - first elastic fishing hook; 104 - first elastic fishing hook mounting joint; 105 - connecting pipe;

[0056] 20 - inner pipe differential mechanism; 201 - first fishing spear; 202 - cartridge holder; 203 - release pipe; 204 - cartridge clamp; 205 - first elastic pin; 206 - second connecting rod; 207 - sealing structure; 208 - second elastic fishing hook; 209 - second elastic fishing hook mounting joint;

[0057] 30 - connecting mechanism with ball valve; 301 - inner pipe differential limit joint; 302 - upper end sealing connecting pipe; 303 - first quick connection; 304 - first quick connection sealing ring; 305 - first stop valve; 306 - first ball valve; 307 - second quick connection; 308 - second quick connection sealing ring; 309 - lower end sealing connecting pipe;

[0058] 40 - lower end sealing mechanism; 401 - ball valve pipe connection joint; 402 - spring limit ring; 403 - ball valve driving spring; 404 - ball valve driving pipe; 405 - upper ball valve seat; 406 - ball valve pipe; 407 - lower end seal ball valve; 408 - lower ball valve seat; 409 - support spring; 410 - lower ball valve support seat; 411 - transition joint;

[0059] 50 - inner pipe mechanism of core barrel; 501 - second fishing spear; 502 - inner lining pipe; 503 - retaining spring;

[0060] 60 - sampling pipe;

[0061] 70 - protection support frame; 701 - ball valve protection cover; 702 - stud; 703 - limit plate; 704 - structural truss; 705 - mounting support seat;

[0062] 80 - Pressure - maintaining transfer chamber; 801 - Second ball valve; 802 - Pressure - resistant chamber; 803 - Second stop valve; 804 - Third stop valve, 805 - Third quick - connection sealing ring, 806 - Third quick - connection buckle. Detailed implementation mode

[0063] To make the invention purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0064] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, a pressure - maintaining sampling tool applicable to the deep - sea surface layer includes a differential fishing mechanism 10, an inner - tube differential mechanism 20, a ball - valve connection mechanism 30, a lower - end sealing mechanism 40, a core inner - tube mechanism 50, a sampling tube 60 and a pressure - maintaining transfer chamber 80;

[0065] The differential fishing mechanism 10, the ball - valve connection mechanism 30, the lower - end sealing mechanism 40 and the sampling tube 60 are concentrically and detachably connected in sequence from top to bottom, and form an outer - tube assembly; the inner - tube differential mechanism 20 and the core inner - tube mechanism 50 are detachably connected and form an inner - tube assembly, and the inner - tube assembly can slide within the outer - tube assembly;

[0066] When the inner - tube assembly slides upward, it triggers the automatic sealing connection of the lower - end sealing mechanism 40, and separates the inner - tube differential mechanism 20 from the core inner - tube mechanism 50. The inner - tube differential mechanism 20 slides upward to form an upper - end seal; the core inner - tube mechanism 50 slides downward;

[0067] The space between the upper - end seal and the ball - valve connection mechanism 30 forms a first sealed space; the space between the ball - valve connection mechanism 30 and the lower - end sealing mechanism 40 forms a second sealed space;

[0068] The ball - valve connection mechanism 30 is docked with the pressure - maintaining transfer chamber 80 to transfer the core inner - tube mechanism 50 into the pressure - maintaining transfer chamber 80.

[0069] In the present invention, a tool that can perform pressure - maintaining transfer while taking pressure - maintaining samples is provided. Through simple wire lifting and lowering operations, the effects of lowering the pressure - maintaining sampling tool to the seabed, penetrating the seabed, lifting the surface samples to seal and maintain pressure, closing the ball valve and quickly disassembling when out of the water, and simply transferring the pressure - maintaining transfer chamber by gravity are achieved, improving production efficiency, reducing the technical requirements of the ship for surface pressure - maintaining sampling, and reducing production costs.

[0070] In certain embodiments of the present invention, the ball valve connection mechanism 30 includes a first ball valve 306 and a first quick connection 303; the ball valve connection mechanism 30 separates the first sealed space and the second sealed space through the first ball valve 306, and is hermetically connected to the pressure-holding transfer chamber 80 through the first quick connection 303.

[0071] The ball valve connection mechanism 30 further includes an inner tube differential limit joint 301, an upper end sealed connection pipe 302, a first quick connection 303, a first quick connection sealing ring 304, a first stop valve 305, a first ball valve 306, a second quick connection 307, a second quick connection sealing ring 308, and a lower end sealed connection pipe 309;

[0072] The first quick connection 303 and the first quick connection sealing ring 304, and the second quick connection 307 and the second quick connection sealing ring 308 respectively form a first sealing mechanism and a second sealing mechanism; the first sealing mechanism and the second sealing mechanism are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the first ball valve 306; the upper end sealed connection pipe 302 is arranged through the first sealing mechanism, and the lower end sealed connection pipe 309 is arranged through the second sealing mechanism;

[0073] The first stop valve 305 is arranged on the upper end sealed connection pipe 302, and the first stop valve 305 is used to adjust the opening and closing of the upper end sealed connection pipe 302;

[0074] The upper end of the upper end sealed connection pipe is provided with an inner tube differential limit joint 301, and the inner tube differential limit joint 301 is used for the detachable connection between the ball valve connection mechanism 30 and the inner tube differential mechanism 20.

[0075] In certain embodiments of the present invention, the pressure-holding transfer chamber 80 includes a second ball valve 801, a pressure-resistant chamber 802, a second stop valve 803, a third stop valve 804, a third quick connection sealing ring 805, and a third quick connection buckle 806; the second stop valve 803 and the third stop valve 804 are respectively arranged at both ends of the pressure-resistant chamber 802, and the second ball valve 801 is arranged outside the third stop valve 804; a third quick connection buckle 806 and a third quick connection sealing ring 805 are arranged at the lower part of the second ball valve 801;

[0076] When pressure-holding transfer is required, open the third stop valve 804 and / or the second stop valve 803, and inject water for pressure-holding through the third stop valve 804 and / or the second stop valve 803.

[0077] In certain embodiments of the present invention, the deep-sea surface pressure-holding sampling tool further includes a protection support frame 70; the ball valve connection mechanism 30 and the sampling pipe 60 are installed in the protection support frame 70.

[0078] The protection support frame 70 includes a ball valve protection cover 701, a stud 702, a limit plate 703, a structural truss 704, and a mounting support base 705;

[0079] The ball valve protection cover 701 is sleeved outside the first ball valve 306 with a ball valve connection mechanism 30, and the ball valve protection cover 701 is connected to the mounting support base 705 through the structural truss 704. The limit plate 703 is installed on the upper surface of the mounting support base 705 and is connected to the sampling pipe 60 through the stud 702.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present invention, the core inner tube mechanism 50 includes a second fishing spear 501, a lining tube 502, and a retaining spring 503; the lining tube 502 is arranged inside the sampling pipe 60; the core inner tube mechanism 50 is detachably connected to the inner tube differential mechanism 20 through the second fishing spear 501; the retaining spring 503 is arranged at the lower part of the lining tube 502.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present invention, the differential fishing mechanism 10 includes a steel wire rope 101, a first connecting rod 102, a first elastic fishing hook 103, a first elastic fishing hook mounting joint 104, and a connecting pipe 105;

[0082] The upper part of the connecting pipe 105 is provided with a first elastic fishing hook 103 and a first elastic fishing hook mounting joint 104.

[0083] The core inner tube mechanism 50 is detachably connected to the inner tube differential mechanism 20 through a second elastic fishing mechanism; the differential fishing mechanism 10 is detachably connected to the inner tube differential mechanism 20 through a first fishing mechanism.

[0084] The first fishing mechanism includes a first elastic fishing hook 103 arranged in the differential fishing mechanism 10 and a first fishing spear 201 arranged in the inner tube differential mechanism 20, and the first elastic fishing hook 103 and the first fishing spear 201 are detachably connected; the second fishing mechanism includes a second elastic fishing hook 208 arranged in the inner tube differential mechanism 20 and a second fishing spear 501 arranged in the core inner tube mechanism 50, and the second elastic fishing hook 208 and the second fishing spear 501 are detachably connected.

[0085] Specifically, in the present invention, the inner tube differential mechanism 20 and the core inner tube mechanism 50 can be triggered to slide relatively upward by the differential fishing mechanism 10. The upper part of the inner tube differential mechanism 20 forms an upper seal, and the lower end seal mechanism 40 forms a lower seal. The upper part of the lower end seal mechanism 40 is sealed with the upper part, and the lower end seal mechanism 40 and the core inner tube mechanism 50 are isolated by the ball valve connecting mechanism 30 into two independent first sealed spaces and second sealed spaces; through the detachable connection of the ball valve connecting mechanism 30 with the differential fishing mechanism 10 and the inner tube differential mechanism 20, the ball valve connecting mechanism 30 is docked with the pressure maintaining transfer cabin 80, and the transfer ball valve connecting mechanism 30 is transferred into the second sealed space.

[0086] The present invention also discloses a method of using a deep-sea surface layer pressure maintaining sampling tool, which is used in cooperation with the deep-sea surface layer pressure maintaining sampling tool as described above, and includes the following steps:

[0087] S1. Lower the deep-sea surface layer pressure maintaining sampling tool to the seabed surface layer, penetrate the sampling tube 60 into the seabed surface layer, and the seabed surface layer sample penetrates into the core inner tube mechanism 50; the differential fishing mechanism 10 and the inner tube differential mechanism 20 are connected.

[0088] S2. Lift the deep-sea surface layer pressure maintaining sampling tool by a lifting tool, the inner tube differential mechanism 20 and the ball valve connecting mechanism 30 are disengaged, the inner tube differential mechanism 20 and the core inner tube mechanism 50 move upward, the inner tube differential mechanism 20 forms an upper seal, and the lower end seal mechanism 40 forms a lower seal;

[0089] The space between the upper seal and the ball valve connecting mechanism 30 forms a first closed space; the space between the ball valve connecting mechanism 30 and the lower end seal mechanism 40 forms a second closed space;

[0090] The ball valve connecting mechanism 30 is docked with the pressure maintaining transfer cabin 80, and the core inner tube mechanism 50 is transferred into the pressure maintaining transfer cabin 80;

[0091] S3. Increase the pressure in the pressure maintaining transfer cabin 80. When the internal pressure of the pressure maintaining transfer cabin 80 and the pressure in the second closed space are balanced, open the first ball valve 306 in the ball valve connecting mechanism 30, and the core inner tube mechanism 50 can be realized to slide down under gravity for pressure maintaining transfer by vertical flipping.

[0092] Specifically, in S1, lift the deep-sea surface layer pressure maintaining sampling tool by a lifting tool, lower it underwater to contact the seabed, and rely on the self-weight of the deep-sea surface layer pressure maintaining sampling tool to penetrate the sampling tube 60 into the seabed surface layer, and the seabed surface layer sample enters the inner liner tube 502 in the core inner tube mechanism;

[0093] Meanwhile, the resistance for the surface sample to enter the inner liner tube 502 is transmitted to the ball valve connection mechanism 30 and the protection support frame 70 through the second elastic fishing hook mounting joint 209 and the spring clip 204 of the inner tube differential mechanism 20.

[0094] S2. Continue to lower the deep-sea surface pressure-retaining sampling tool through the hoisting tool until the wire rope is relatively slack. At this time, the seabed completely bears the self-weight of the deep-sea surface pressure-retaining sampling tool. The first elastic fishing hook 103 inside the differential fishing mechanism 10 starts to slide downward in the first connecting pipe 105 to the lower limit position, and the first elastic fishing hook 103 is connected to the first fishing spear 201.

[0095] S3. Lift the wire rope 101 through the hoisting tool to drive the release pipe 203 to move upward relative to the spring clip bracket 202 and retract the spring clip 204. The spring clip 204 is disengaged from the spring clip limit joint 301, driving the inner tube differential mechanism 20 and the core inner tube mechanism 50 to move upward.

[0096] When the retaining spring 503 moves upward above the first ball valve 306, the lower-end sealing ball valve 407 flips downward by 90 degrees under the push of the ball valve driving spring 403 to form a lower-end seal.

[0097] S4. Continue to lift the wire rope 101 until the upper shoulder of the second elastic fishing hook mounting joint 209 contacts the reduced-diameter shoulder at the upper part of the upper-end sealing connecting pipe 302, and the sealing structure 207 enters the sealing surface of the upper-end sealing connecting pipe 302 to form an upper-end seal.

[0098] Meanwhile, the upper part of the second elastic fishing hook 208 enters the reduced-diameter section at the upper part of the upper-end sealing connecting pipe 302, and the second elastic fishing hook 208 disengages from the second fishing spear 501. The core inner tube mechanism 50 freely falls under the action of gravity until the retaining spring 503 contacts the lower-end sealing ball valve 407 and stops falling.

[0099] S5. Continue to lift the wire rope 101, and the deep-sea surface pressure-retaining sampling tool leaves the seabed and reaches the ship's deck. Close the first ball valve 306. The first ball valve 306 forms a second upper-end seal relative to the lower-end seal. Open the first stop valve 305 to slowly release the high pressure inside the first connecting pipe 302 to the atmospheric pressure state. Loosen the first quick connection 303 and extract the upper-end sealing connecting pipe 302.

[0100] S6. Connect the first ball valve 306 and the second ball valve 801 of the pressure-retaining transfer cabin 80 through the third quick connection buckle 806. Open the second ball valve 801, and open the second stop valve 803 and / or the third stop valve 804 to inject water into the pressure-resistant cabin 802 until the pressure inside the pressure-resistant cabin 802 is balanced with the pressure inside the lower-end sealing connecting pipe 309 at one end of the first ball valve 306. Then open the first ball valve 306 and turn it vertically to achieve the gravity-sliding pressure-retaining transfer of the core inner tube mechanism 50.

[0101] S7. Close the second ball valve 801 and open the first stop valve 305 to release the pressure inside the lower end sealing connecting pipe 309 at one end of the first ball valve 306. Remove the third quick-connect sealing ring 805 to achieve constant pressure and transfer the pressure-maintained sample to the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin 80 for laboratory storage.

[0102] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressure-maintaining sampling tool for deep-sea surface, characterized in that: It includes a differential salvage mechanism (10), an inner tube differential mechanism (20), a ball valve connection mechanism (30), a lower end sealing mechanism (40), a core inner tube mechanism (50), a sampling tube (60), and a pressure-maintaining transfer cabin (80); The differential salvage mechanism (10), the ball valve connection mechanism (30), the lower end sealing mechanism (40) and the sampling tube (60) are concentrically and detachably connected in sequence from top to bottom to form an outer tube assembly; the inner tube differential mechanism (20) and the core inner tube mechanism (50) are detachably connected to form an inner tube assembly, and the inner tube assembly can slide within the outer tube assembly; When the inner tube assembly slides upward, the lower end sealing mechanism (40) is triggered to automatically seal, and then the inner tube differential mechanism (20) and the core inner tube mechanism (50) are separated, the inner tube differential mechanism (20) slides upward to form an upper end seal, and the core inner tube mechanism (50) slides downward; The space between the upper end seal and the connecting mechanism with a ball valve (30) can form a first closed space; the space between the connecting mechanism with a ball valve (30) and the lower end seal mechanism (40) can form a second closed space; After the inner tube differential mechanism (20) is separated from the core inner tube mechanism (50), the core inner tube mechanism (50) can slide downward into the second closed space; the connecting mechanism with a ball valve (30) can be disassembled and separated from the first closed space, leaving the second sealed space unchanged, and realize the second closed space being connected to the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin (80), and the core inner tube mechanism (50) in the second closed space is transferred to the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin (80).

2. The deep sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball valve connection mechanism (30) includes a first ball valve (306) and a first quick connection (303); The connection mechanism with a ball valve (30) separates the first enclosed space and the second enclosed space via the first ball valve (306), and is sealedly connected to the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin (80) via the first quick connection (303).

3. The deep sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism with a ball valve (30) further comprises an inner tube differential limit joint (301), an upper end sealing connecting pipe (302), a first quick connection (303), a first quick connection sealing ring (304), a first stop valve (305), a first ball valve (306), a second quick connection (307), a second quick connection sealing ring (308), and a lower end sealing connecting pipe (309); The first quick connection (303) and the first quick connection sealing ring (304) as well as the second quick connection (307) and the second quick connection sealing ring (308) respectively form a first sealing mechanism and a second sealing mechanism; the first sealing mechanism and the second sealing mechanism are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the first ball valve (306); the upper end sealing connection pipe (302) is passed through and connected to the first sealing mechanism, and the lower end sealing connection pipe (309) is connected to the second sealing mechanism; The first stop valve (305) is arranged on the first ball valve (306), and the first stop valve (305) is used to adjust the opening and closing of the first enclosed space, relieve the internal pressure of the first enclosed space, disassemble the first quick connection (303), and separate the first sealed space connected to the ball valve connection mechanism (30); the upper end of the upper end sealing connection pipe is provided with the inner tube differential limit joint (301), and the inner tube differential limit joint (301) is used to control the connection and separation of the ball valve connection mechanism (30) and the inner tube differential mechanism (20).

4. The deep sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure-maintaining transfer cabin (80) comprises a second ball valve (801), a pressure-resistant cabin (802), a second stop valve (803), a third stop valve (804), a third quick-connect sealing ring (805), and a third quick-connect buckle (806); The second stop valve (803) and the third stop valve (804) are respectively provided at both ends of the pressure-resistant cabin (802), and the second ball valve (801) is provided on the outside of the third stop valve (804); the third quick-connect buckle (806) and the third quick-connect sealing ring (805) are provided at the lower part of the second ball valve (801); The first ball valve (306) of the ball valve connection mechanism (30) can be quickly sealed and connected to the second ball valve (801) of the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin (80) via the third quick connection buckle (806) and the third quick connection sealing ring (805); When pressure-maintaining transfer is required, the second sealed space can be connected to the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin (80) through the first ball valve (306), the third stop valve (804) and / or the second stop valve (803) are opened, and water is injected through the third stop valve (804) and / or the second stop valve (803) to pressurize the space to the same pressure as that of the second sealed space, thereby achieving the docking transfer of the core inner tube mechanism (50) between the second sealed space and the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin (80).

5. The deep sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deep-sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool further comprises a protective support frame (70); The connecting mechanism with a ball valve (30) and the sampling tube (60) are installed in the protective support frame (70).

6. The deep sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protection support frame (70) comprises a ball valve protection cover (701), a pin (702), a limit plate (703), a structural truss (704) and a mounting support seat (705); The ball valve protection cover (701) is sleeved on the outside of the first ball valve (306) with the ball valve connection mechanism (30), and the ball valve protection cover (701) is connected to the mounting support seat (705) through the structural truss (704), and the limit plate (703) is installed on the mounting support seat (705) and connected to the sampling tube (60) through the pin (702).

7. The deep sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core inner tube mechanism (50) includes a second salvaging spear (501), an inner liner tube (502) and a retaining spring (503); The inner liner tube (502) is arranged in the sampling tube (60); the core inner tube mechanism (50) and the inner tube differential mechanism (20) are detachably connected to the second salvage spear (501) via a second elastic salvage hook (208); and the retaining spring (503) is arranged at the lower part of the inner liner tube (502).

8. A method for using a deep-sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool, characterized in that: The method is used in conjunction with the deep sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: S1. The differential salvage mechanism (10) is lowered to the seabed surface layer, the sampling tube (60) penetrates the seabed surface layer, and the seabed surface layer sample penetrates into the core inner tube mechanism (50); the differential salvage mechanism (10) slides downward and is connected to the inner tube differential mechanism (20); S2. The deep-sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool is lifted by the differential salvage mechanism (10), the inner tube differential mechanism (20) and the ball valve connection mechanism (30) are separated, the inner tube differential mechanism (20) and the core inner tube mechanism (50) move upward, the inner tube differential mechanism (20) forms an upper seal, and the lower end sealing mechanism (40) forms a lower end seal; The space between the upper end seal and the connecting mechanism with a ball valve (30) forms a first closed space; the space between the connecting mechanism with a ball valve (30) and the lower end seal mechanism (40) forms a second closed space; The space between the ball valve connection mechanism (30) and the lower end sealing mechanism (40) forms a second closed space that is connected to the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin (80), and the core inner tube mechanism (50) is transferred into the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin (80); S3. Increase the pressure in the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin (80). When the internal pressure of the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin (80) and the pressure of the second enclosed space are balanced, open the first ball valve (306) in the ball valve connection mechanism (30), and flip it vertically to achieve gravity sliding pressure-maintaining transfer of the core inner tube mechanism (50).

9. A method for using a deep-sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool, characterized in that: The method is used in conjunction with the deep sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: S1. A deep-sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool is lifted up by a steel wire rope (101), lowered into the water until it contacts the seabed, and the sampling tube (60) penetrates the seabed surface by relying on the deadweight of the deep-sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool, and the seabed surface sample enters the inner liner tube (502) in the core inner tube mechanism; At the same time, the resistance of the surface sample entering the inner liner (502) is transmitted to the ball valve connection mechanism (30) and the protective support frame (70) through the second elastic salvage hook installation joint (209) and the spring caliper (204) of the inner tube differential mechanism (20); S2. Continue lowering the deep-sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool through the wire rope (101) until the wire rope is relatively loose. At this time, the seabed fully bears the deadweight of the deep-sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool. The first elastic salvage hook (103) inside the differential salvage mechanism (10) begins to slide downward in the first connecting pipe (105) to the lower limit position, and the first elastic salvage hook (103) is connected to the first salvage spear (201); S3, by lifting the wire rope (101), the release tube (203) is driven to move upward relative to the spring clamp bracket (202) to retract the spring clamp (204), and the spring clamp (204) is disengaged from the spring clamp limit joint (301), driving the inner tube differential mechanism (20) and the core inner tube mechanism (50) to move upward; When the retaining spring (503) moves upward to the top of the first ball valve (306), the lower end sealing ball valve (407) is pushed by the ball valve driving spring (403) to turn downward 90 degrees to form a lower end seal; S4, continue to pull the wire rope (101) upward until the upper shoulder of the second elastic salvage hook installation joint (209) contacts the upper reduced diameter shoulder of the upper end sealing connecting pipe (302), and the sealing structure (207) enters the sealing surface of the upper end sealing connecting pipe (302), forming an upper end seal; At the same time, the upper portion of the second elastic salvage hook (208) enters the upper reduced diameter section of the upper sealed connecting pipe (302), and the second elastic salvage hook (208) is disengaged from the second salvage spear (501); the core inner tube mechanism (50) falls freely under the action of gravity until the retaining spring (503) contacts the lower end sealing ball valve (407) and stops falling; S5. Continue to pull up the steel wire rope (101), which is suitable for the deep-sea surface pressure-maintaining sampling tool to leave the seabed and reach the deck of the ship, close the first ball valve (306), the first ball valve (306) forms a second upper end seal relative to the lower end seal, open the first stop valve (305) to slowly release the high pressure inside the first connecting pipe (302) to the normal pressure state, loosen the first quick connection (303), and pull out the upper end sealed connecting pipe (302); S6. The first ball valve (306) is connected to the second ball valve (801) of the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin (80) via the third quick-connect buckle (806). The second ball valve (801) is opened, and the second stop valve (803) and / or the third stop valve (804) are opened to inject water into the pressure-resistant cabin (802). When the pressure inside the pressure-resistant cabin (802) and the pressure inside the lower end sealing connecting pipe (309) at one end of the first ball valve (306) are balanced, the first ball valve (306) is opened and flipped vertically, thereby realizing the gravity sliding pressure-maintaining transfer of the core inner tube mechanism (50); S7. Close the second ball valve (801) and open the first stop valve (305) to release the internal pressure of the lower end sealing connecting pipe (309) at one end of the first ball valve (306). Remove the third quick-connect sealing ring (805) to achieve constant pressure and transfer the pressure-maintained sample to the pressure-maintaining transfer cabin (80) for laboratory storage.

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