Field centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device and control method

Abstract

The application provides a field centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device and a control method. The device comprises a box body and a concentrated liquid dropping structure. A water inlet chamber is arranged in the box body. A water inlet pipe for receiving field water bodies is arranged on the side wall of the water inlet chamber. A buffer structure is arranged in the water inlet chamber. A stabilization chamber is arranged on one side of the water inlet chamber and is separated by a first vertical partition plate. The stabilization chamber and a mixing chamber are each provided with n. Each mixing chamber is arranged on one side of a stabilization chamber and is separated by a second vertical partition plate. Each second vertical partition plate is provided with a triangular weir. A water distribution pipe is arranged on the side wall of each mixing chamber. A tail water chamber is arranged on the other side of the water inlet chamber and is separated by a third vertical partition plate. A tail water pipe is arranged on the side wall of the tail water chamber. The concentrated liquid dropping structure is arranged on the top of the n mixing chambers and is provided with a plurality of concentrated liquid flow control holes. The device can make multiple test treatments share one flow and concentration adjustment terminal, has few external power supply equipment and is simple to manage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water conservancy facility technology and equipment technology, specifically relating to a field centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device and control method. Background Technology

[0002] When conducting water quality purification experiments on flowing water bodies in the field, multiple levels of flow rate and pollutant concentration are usually used as experimental factors simultaneously. Often, two or more experimental treatments with different flow rate and concentration combinations are run at the same time. The influent flow rate and pollutant concentration levels of each treatment are different, and precise control of the influent flow rate and pollutant concentration is required. Existing technologies that meet the above requirements usually separate concentration adjustment and flow rate adjustment. There are two common methods: (1) Install flow control facilities (such as valves) on the water supply pipeline to adjust the flow rate, and set up a set of concentrate supply equipment (such as peristaltic pump with concentrate storage tank) at the inlet of each experimental treatment to uniformly add pollutant concentrate to the low-concentration influent water, mix it, and then enter the experimental treatment; (2) Set up a water storage tank or reservoir, directly configure the water in the tank to the concentration level required for the experiment, and then transport it through pipelines. The flow rate is adjusted by the flow control facilities before entering the experimental treatment. In method (1), due to the limited volume of the concentrate storage tank, in order to avoid frequent addition of concentrate, a very high concentration concentrate is often selected and slowly and evenly added at a very small flow rate. This places high demands on the precision of the concentrate delivery equipment. However, high-precision concentrate delivery equipment (such as peristaltic pumps) is very expensive. The uncertainty of the field environment makes the flow rate of the water supply equipment unstable. Ordinary valves are difficult to keep the flow rate constant. However, valves that can automatically adjust the opening are not only expensive, but also not suitable for installation on plastic hoses used in the field. In addition, a flow control facility paired with a concentrate supply equipment can only meet the flow and concentration requirements of one test treatment. If multiple test treatments are run at the same time, it is necessary to increase the flow control facility and concentrate supply equipment, which is very costly and increases the electrical safety hazards. Moreover, different devices are distributed in various places in the test area, which are far apart and managed independently, requiring more human resources. Therefore, under the condition of limited funds and manpower, this method is difficult to achieve the simultaneous operation of multiple test treatments. In method (2), a single reservoir or tank can only be configured with one concentration level. When multiple concentration levels are required simultaneously, multiple reservoirs or tanks need to be prepared. Moreover, the high-concentration water in the reservoir needs to be prepared in advance and cannot be used immediately. As the storage time increases, the water concentration will change, which may affect the test results. In addition, outdoor tests consume a large amount of water. Within the workload that the management personnel can bear, a reservoir or tank with an extremely large capacity is required to meet the water demand. The total land area is large, and it cannot be moved or carried. If the test site is changed, reinvestment is required, which is not economical. In view of the above situation, there is currently no integrated device suitable for centralized multi-level regulation of water flow and concentration under field conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device and method for field applications. This allows multiple experimental treatments to share a single flow and concentration adjustment terminal, requiring fewer external electrical devices, minimizing safety hazards associated with field electrical use, simplifying centralized management, and facilitating operation. Furthermore, the device requires inexpensive large-flow and small-flow water pumps, eliminating the need to purchase expensive control equipment to achieve precise flow and concentration control, thus significantly saving funds and reducing the workload of managers.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device for field applications includes a box with an opening on its upper surface and a concentrate dripping structure. The box contains an inlet chamber, a stabilization chamber, a mixing chamber, and a tailwater chamber. The inlet chamber has an inlet pipe on its side wall for receiving water from the field. A buffer structure is provided inside the inlet chamber. n stabilization chambers are arranged side-by-side on one side of the inlet chamber and separated by a first vertical baffle. n mixing chambers are provided, each located on one side of a stabilization chamber and separated by a second vertical baffle. The height of the second vertical baffle is lower than the height of the first vertical baffle. The tailwater chamber is located on the other side of the inlet chamber. Furthermore, the mixture is separated by a third vertical baffle plate. A tailwater pipe is provided on the side wall of the tailwater chamber. The height of the third vertical baffle plate is higher than that of the first vertical baffle plate. A water distribution pipe is provided on the side wall of each mixing chamber. A groove is provided on each second vertical baffle plate. A triangular weir is provided in the groove. The height of each triangular weir is adjusted by an adjustment structure, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the outdoor water entering each mixing chamber. The concentrate dripping structure is located at the top of the n mixing chambers and is provided with concentrate flow control holes. Each one or more concentrate flow control holes and a mixing chamber are used to drip concentrate into the mixing chamber.

[0006] Furthermore, the buffer structure is a buffer pipe, which is connected to the inlet pipe and has multiple evenly distributed flow holes, so that outdoor water can only enter the inlet chamber through the flow holes.

[0007] Furthermore, the two rows of stabilizing chambers are respectively located on the left and right sides of the inlet chamber, the inlet pipe is located on the front side wall of the inlet chamber, the tailwater chamber is located outside the rear side wall of the inlet chamber, and the rear side wall of the inlet chamber is a third vertical baffle.

[0008] Furthermore, the triangular weir is a right-angled triangular thin-walled weir. When flow passes through the right-angled triangular thin-walled weir, the relationship between head and flow rate is stable. The flow rate calculation formula (1) for the right-angled triangular thin-walled weir is:

[0009] Q1 = C0H1 5 / 2 (4)

[0010] Where Q1 is the flow rate through the right-angled triangular thin-walled weir, in m³ / s. 3 / s; C0 is the flow coefficient, usually taken as 1.4; H1 is the crest head of the right-angled triangular thin-walled weir, in meters;

[0011] The concentration solution is added at a very low flow rate. To improve control accuracy, the orifice outflow principle is adopted in the design. When the water level in the container remains constant, the water flow rate through the orifice is constant. The flow rate calculation formula (2) is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] Where Q2 is the flow rate through the concentrate flow control orifice, in m³ / s. 3 / s; μ is the flow coefficient, typically taken as 0.60-0.62; g is the acceleration due to gravity, in m / s; H2 is the total head at the orifice, in m;

[0014] The orifice diameter of the concentrate flow control orifice is derived from formula (2), and formula (3) is calculated accordingly:

[0015]

[0016] Where r is the orifice diameter of the concentrate flow control orifice in meters (m), Q3 is the influent flow rate required for a certain experimental treatment, Q3 = Q1 + Q2. In actual operation, Q2 is much smaller than Q1, so Q3 can be approximated as Q1 in meters (m). 3 / s; B is the influent concentration required for a certain experimental treatment, in g / m³. 3 C represents the concentration of the concentrate, in g / m³. 3 .

[0017] Furthermore, the concentrate dripping structure includes a buffer zone, a stabilizing zone, and an effluent zone. The buffer zone is provided with a concentrate inlet pipe on its side wall. The buffer zone and the stabilizing zone are separated by a first overflow weir. The stabilizing zone and the effluent zone are separated by a second overflow weir. The bottom of the stabilizing zone and the area corresponding to each mixing chamber are provided with one or more concentrate flow control holes. The bottom of the effluent zone is provided with a return pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, the adjustment structure includes vertical fixed columns, an upper horizontal slide rail, a lower horizontal slide rail, a first movable rod, and a second movable rod. The two vertical fixed columns are spaced a certain distance apart. The upper horizontal slide rail is fixed to the top of the two vertical fixed columns. The lower horizontal slide rail is slidably disposed between the two vertical fixed columns and connected to a triangular weir at its lower part. A first fixed stake is fixed inside the upper horizontal slide rail, and a second pulley is slidably connected thereto. A second fixed stake is fixed inside the lower horizontal slide rail, and a first pulley is slidably connected thereto. One end of the first movable rod is rotatably connected to the first fixed stake, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first pulley. One end of the second movable rod is rotatably connected to... On the second fixed pile, the other end is rotatably connected to the second pulley. A rotating connecting shaft is provided in the overlapping part between the first movable rod and the second movable rod, passing through the front and rear. The first movable rod and the second movable rod can freely adjust their tilt angle in the vertical plane with the first fixed pile as the base point. The first support rod is fixedly connected to the first pulley and has a first thread at the top. The second support rod is fixedly connected to the second pulley and has a second thread at the bottom with the opposite direction of the first thread. The threaded rod has a third thread at the top and a fourth thread at the bottom with the opposite direction of the third thread. The third thread and the second thread cooperate, and the first thread and the fourth thread cooperate.

[0019] Furthermore, the diameter of the flow passage is less than 2 cm, and the spacing between the flow passages is equal to 3 / 2 to 3 times the diameter of the flow passage.

[0020] Furthermore, the inlet pipe, distribution pipe, tailwater pipe, concentrate inlet pipe, and return pipe are all short pipes that can be connected to external pipes and are all equipped with reducing joints.

[0021] Furthermore, there are multiple concentrate flow control holes above each of the mixing chambers, and unused concentrate flow control holes are covered by a baffle plate.

[0022] A method for centralized multi-level flow and concentration control in the field includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Calculate the required height of the triangular weir based on the test flow rate requirements, and adjust the height of the triangular weir by adjusting the structure.

[0024] Step 2: Fix the concentrate dripping device above the mixing chamber, and keep the corresponding concentrate flow control hole unobstructed. Cover the concentrate flow control holes that are not needed. The concentration of the concentrate and the flow rate of the concentrate supply pump are selected according to the experimental requirements.

[0025] Step 3: Connect the inlet pipe to the water source equipment. The water supply flow rate should be slightly greater than the total required flow rate.

[0026] Step 4: Connect the tailwater pipe to the first external pipe, and place the end of the first external pipe at the designated tailwater discharge point;

[0027] Step 5: Connect the water distribution pipe to the second external pipe. The second external pipe is placed at different test treatment inlets according to the test requirements.

[0028] Step 6: Connect the concentrate inlet pipe to the concentrate supply equipment, and supply the flow rate slightly greater than the total flow rate of each individual concentrate dripping structure;

[0029] Step 7: Connect the reflux pipe to the third external pipe, and place the end of the third external pipe inside the concentrate storage tank;

[0030] Step 8: Place the entire chamber at a certain height above the ground so that the water flow from the distribution pipe can reach the farthest location required for the test.

[0031] Step 9: Turn on the water supply equipment. The water from the field enters the water inlet chamber after passing through the buffer structure and dissipating energy through the inlet pipe.

[0032] Step 10: As the water depth in the inlet chamber increases, the first vertical baffle begins to overflow, and the water enters the stabilization chamber. The water depth in different stabilization chambers gradually increases, reaching different triangular weir overflow heights in turn, and the water overflows into the corresponding mixing chamber.

[0033] Step 11: The water depth in the inlet chamber rises further to the height of the third vertical baffle plate. Excess water overflows into the tailwater chamber and is discharged through the tailwater pipe.

[0034] Step 12: The water levels in the inlet chamber and the stabilization chamber are level, the water head at the top of the weir gradually becomes constant, and the overflow flow of the triangular weir also gradually becomes constant, equal to the pre-set required flow rate.

[0035] Step 13: The concentrate is added dropwise through the concentrate dropwise structure. Under the action of water turbulence, the low-concentration incoming water at a certain flow rate in the mixing chamber is uniformly mixed with the concentrate at a certain flow rate, and finally a constant flow rate and constant concentration water body that meets the test requirements is obtained. The water body is then transported to the inlet of different test treatments through the water distribution pipe.

[0036] Step 14: After the test, turn off the external water source and the concentrate supply pump, drain the remaining water, and make it convenient for later maintenance or reuse.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0038] This invention provides a centralized, multi-level flow and concentration control device and method for field applications. By setting up an adjustable structure to control the height of a triangular weir, it achieves automatic flow distribution at any flow rate within the flow regulation range. By selecting a suitable concentrate flow control orifice and matching it with an appropriate concentrate concentration, it can achieve multi-level automatic adjustment of influent concentration within any range. This allows for convenient and centralized multi-level flow and concentration regulation under field conditions. Most importantly, this invention does not require expensive control instruments or occupy a large amount of space, significantly reducing the workload for managers. Furthermore, it requires fewer external electrical devices, simplifies power line installation, and minimizes electrical safety hazards in the field. Simultaneously, the effluent remains unpolluted and can be discharged to a designated location through pipelines, conserving water resources. The structure is simple in construction, lightweight, and durable, greatly saving manpower and financial investment. Multiple experimental treatments can be controlled simultaneously by managing only one device. Attached Figure Description

[0039] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are intended to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0040] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a front view of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 This is the right view of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjustment structure and related accessories.

[0045] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the first pulley, the second pulley, the first support rod, the second support rod, and the threaded rod.

[0046] In the diagram, 1-inlet pipe, 2-buffer pipe, 3-flow hole, 4-inlet chamber, 5-first vertical baffle, 6-stabilizing chamber, 7-second vertical baffle, 8-elastic baffle strip, 9-triangular weir, 10-mixing chamber, 11-distribution pipe, 12-third vertical baffle, 13-tailwater chamber, 14-tailwater pipe, 15-fourth vertical baffle, 16-fifth vertical baffle, 17-concentrate dripping structure, 18-concentrate inlet pipe, 19-buffer zone, 20-overflow weir, 21-stabilizing zone, 22- Outflow zone, 23-Return pipe, 24-Adjusting structure, 25-Vertical fixed column, 26-Upper horizontal slide rail, 27-Lower horizontal slide rail, 28-First movable rod, 29-Second movable rod, 30-First fixed post, 31-Second fixed post, 32-First pulley, 33-Second pulley, 34-Rotating connecting shaft, 35-Threaded rod; 36-First support rod; 37-Second support rod; 38-First thread; 39-Second thread; 40-Third thread; 41-Fourth thread; 42-Concentrate flow control hole. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0049] This invention provides a centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device for field applications, such as... Figures 1-4As shown, the device includes a box with an opening on its upper surface and a concentrate dripping structure 17. The box contains an inlet chamber 4, a stabilizing chamber 6, a mixing chamber 10, and a tailwater chamber 13. The side wall of the inlet chamber 4 has an inlet pipe 1 for receiving outdoor water. The inlet chamber 4 contains a buffer structure. n stabilizing chambers 6 are arranged side-by-side on one side of the inlet chamber 4 and separated by a first vertical baffle plate 5. There are n mixing chambers 10, each located on one side of a stabilizing chamber 6 and separated by a second vertical baffle plate 7. The height of the second vertical baffle plate 7 is lower than the height of the first vertical baffle plate 5. The tailwater chamber 13 is located on the other side of the inlet chamber 4 and separated by a third vertical baffle plate. Separated by 12, a tailwater pipe 14 is provided on the side wall of the tailwater chamber 13. The height of the third vertical baffle 12 is higher than that of the first vertical baffle 5. A water distribution pipe 11 is provided on the side wall of each mixing chamber 10. A groove is provided on each second vertical baffle 7. A triangular weir 9 is provided in the groove. The height of each triangular weir 9 is adjusted by the adjustment structure 24, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the outdoor water entering each mixing chamber. The concentrate dripping structure 17 is provided on the top of n mixing chambers and is provided with multiple concentrate flow control holes 42. Each or more concentrate flow control holes 42 and a mixing chamber 10 are used to drip concentrate into the mixing chamber 10.

[0050] This invention provides a centralized, multi-level flow and concentration control device for the field. By setting an adjustment structure 24 to control the height of the triangular weir 9, it achieves automatic flow distribution at any flow rate within the flow regulation range. By selecting a suitable concentrate flow control orifice 42 and matching it with an appropriate concentrate concentration, it can achieve multi-level automatic adjustment of the influent concentration within any range. This allows for convenient and centralized multi-level flow and concentration regulation under field conditions. Most importantly, this invention does not require expensive control instruments or occupy a large amount of space, significantly reducing the workload for managers. Furthermore, it requires fewer external electrical devices, simplifies power line laying, and minimizes electrical safety hazards in the field. Simultaneously, the effluent remains unpolluted and can be discharged to a designated location through pipelines, conserving water resources. This structure is simple in construction, lightweight, and durable, greatly saving manpower and financial investment. Multiple experimental treatments can be controlled simultaneously by managing only one device.

[0051] In this invention, the field water flows into the mixing chamber 10 through the inlet chamber 4 and the stabilization chamber 6. The inlet chamber 4 is equipped with a buffer structure, which can effectively ensure the constant water head of the field water. The constant flow rate through the triangular weir 9 ensures that the constant flow rate of low-concentration water entering each mixing chamber 10 is uniformly mixed with the quantitative concentrate under turbulent action, and finally obtains a constant flow rate and constant concentration water that meets the experimental requirements, thus ensuring the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0052] In this invention, such as Figure 2As shown, the buffer structure is a buffer pipe 2, which is connected to the inlet pipe 1 and has multiple evenly distributed flow holes 3, so that the water in the field can only enter the inlet chamber 4 through the flow holes 3. The buffer pipe 2 can effectively reduce the energy of the water flowing out of the inlet pipe 1, reduce the water surface fluctuation in the inlet chamber 4, and reduce the head error caused by the water surface fluctuation.

[0053] In this invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to enable the device to conduct more tests at once, two rows of stabilizing chambers 6 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the inlet chamber 4. Each stabilizing chamber 6 has a mixing chamber 10 on the side away from the inlet chamber 4. The inlet pipe 1 is located on the front side wall of the inlet chamber 4, and the tailwater chamber 13 is located outside the rear side wall of the inlet chamber 4. The rear side wall of the inlet chamber 4 is a third vertical baffle plate 12.

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, the three stabilizing chambers 6 are separated by a fourth vertical baffle 15, and the three mixing chambers 10 are separated by a fifth vertical baffle 16.

[0055] In this invention, in order to increase the sealing around the triangular weir 9, an elastic water-proof strip 8 is provided around the triangular weir 9.

[0056] In this invention, the triangular weir 9 is a right-angled triangular thin-walled weir. When the right-angled triangular thin-walled weir flows, the relationship between the head and the flow rate is stable. The flow rate calculation formula (1) for the right-angled triangular thin-walled weir is:

[0057] Q1 = C0H1 5 / 2 (7)

[0058] Where Q1 is the flow rate through the right-angled triangular thin-walled weir, in m³ / s. 3 / s; C0 is the flow coefficient, usually taken as 1.4; H1 is the crest head of the right-angled triangular thin-walled weir, in meters;

[0059] The concentrate addition flow rate is very small. To improve control accuracy, the orifice outflow principle is adopted in the design. When the water level in the container remains constant, the water flow rate through the orifice is constant. The flow rate calculation formula (2) for the concentrate flow control orifice 42 is as follows:

[0060]

[0061] Wherein, Q2 is the flow rate through the concentrate flow control orifice 42, in m³ / s. 3 / s; μ is the flow coefficient, typically taken as 0.60-0.62; g is the acceleration due to gravity, in m / s; H2 is the total head at the orifice, in m;

[0062] The diameter of the concentrate flow control orifice 42 is determined according to formula (2), and formula (3) is calculated:

[0063]

[0064] Where r is the orifice diameter of the concentrate flow control orifice 42, in meters; Q3 is the influent flow rate required for a certain experimental treatment, Q3 = Q1 + Q2. In actual operation, Q2 is much smaller than Q1, so Q3 can be approximated as Q1, in meters. 3 / s; B is the influent concentration required for a certain experimental treatment, in g / m³. 3 C represents the concentration of the concentrate, in g / m³. 3 .

[0065] In this invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the concentrate dripping structure 17 includes a buffer zone 19, a stabilization zone 21, and an outlet zone 22. The buffer zone 19 is provided with a concentrate inlet pipe 18 on its side wall. The buffer zone 19 and the stabilization zone 21 are separated by a first overflow weir 20. The stabilization zone 21 and the outlet zone 22 are separated by a second overflow weir 20. The bottom plate of the stabilization zone 21 and the area corresponding to each mixing chamber 10 are provided with one or more concentrate flow control holes 42. The bottom of the outlet zone 22 is provided with a return pipe 23.

[0066] In this invention, the number of stabilizing chambers 6 is greater than 2, the number of mixing chambers 10 is greater than 2, the number of water distribution pipes 11 is greater than 2, the number of triangular weirs 9 and regulating structures 24 is greater than 2, and the number of stabilizing chambers 6, mixing chambers 10, water distribution pipes 11, triangular weirs 9 and regulating structures 24 is equal. In this example, there are 6 stabilizing chambers 6, 6 mixing chambers 10, 6 water distribution pipes 11, 6 triangular weirs 9 and 6 regulating structures 24.

[0067] In this invention, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, to facilitate the adjustment of the height of the triangular weir 9, the adjustment structure includes a vertical fixed column 25, an upper horizontal slide rail 26, a lower horizontal slide rail 27, a first movable rod 28, and a second movable rod 29. The two vertical fixed columns 25 are spaced a certain distance apart. The upper horizontal slide rail 26 is fixed to the top of the two vertical fixed columns 25. The lower horizontal slide rail 27 is slidably positioned between the two vertical fixed columns 25 and connected to the triangular weir 9 at its lower part. A first fixed stake 30 is fixed inside the upper horizontal slide rail 26, and a second pulley 33 is slidably connected thereto. A second fixed stake 31 is fixed inside the lower horizontal slide rail 27, and a first pulley 32 is slidably connected thereto. One end of the first movable rod 28 is rotatably connected to the first fixed stake 30, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first pulley 32. One end of the second movable rod 29 is rotatably connected to... The first movable rod 28 is connected to the second fixed pile 31, and the other end is rotatably connected to the second pulley 33. A rotating connecting shaft 34 is provided in the overlapping part between the first movable rod 28 and the second movable rod 29, passing through the front and rear. The first movable rod 28 and the second movable rod 29 can freely adjust their tilt angle on the vertical plane with the first fixed pile 30 as the base point. The first support rod 36 is fixedly connected to the first pulley 32 and has a first thread 38 at the top. The second support rod 37 is fixedly connected to the second pulley 33 and has a second thread 39 at the bottom with the opposite direction of the first thread 38. The threaded rod 35 has a third thread 40 at the top and a fourth thread 41 at the bottom with the opposite direction of the third thread 40. The third thread 40 and the second thread 39 are engaged, and the first thread 38 and the fourth thread 41 are engaged.

[0068] During use, by rotating the threaded rod 35, the first support rod 36 is moved away from or closer to the second support rod 37, which in turn moves the lower horizontal slide rail 27 away from or closer to the upper horizontal slide rail 26, thereby adjusting the height of the triangular weir 9, that is, changing the size of the water head at the top of the triangular weir 9.

[0069] In this invention, the diameter of the flow passage 3 is less than 2 cm, and the spacing between the flow passage 3 is equal to 3 / 2 to 3 times the diameter of the flow passage 3, so as to reduce the inlet flow velocity, reduce the energy of the outdoor water body, and stabilize the head of the device.

[0070] In this invention, the inlet pipe 1, the distribution pipe 11, the tailwater pipe 14, the concentrate inlet pipe 18, and the return pipe 23 are all short pipes that can be connected to external pipes.

[0071] In this invention, the inlet pipe 1 is equipped with a reducing joint and is connected to a water source device (such as a high-flow water pump) through a fourth external pipe. The water source device can meet the total flow required for the test.

[0072] In this invention, the first vertical baffle 5 is used to reduce water surface fluctuations in the stabilization chamber 6 and stabilize the water head. The third vertical baffle 12 can overflow excess water, keeping the water head at the crest of the triangular weir 9 constant. The dimensions of the triangular weir 9 are determined by the maximum and minimum flow rates required for the experiment.

[0073] In this invention, there is one or more concentrate flow control holes 42 above a single mixing chamber 6. Unused concentrate flow control holes 42 are covered by a baffle plate. In this example, there are three concentrate flow control holes 42 above each mixing chamber 6.

[0074] In this invention, the adjustable height range of the adjustment structure 24 is determined by the maximum and minimum flow rates required for the test, and continuous flow rate adjustment can be achieved within the adjustable height range.

[0075] In this invention, a scale is provided on the inner side of the vertical fixing column 25.

[0076] In this invention, the concentrate dripping structure 17 can be freely removed from the box, and a buckle is provided at the bottom for easy installation on the box and easy to carry. In this example, there are two concentrate dripping structures 17.

[0077] In this invention, the supply flow rate of the concentrate supply equipment connected to the concentrate inlet pipe 18 is slightly greater than the total dripping flow rate of a single concentrate dripping structure 17.

[0078] In this invention, the orifice diameter of the concentrate flow control orifice 42 is determined by the required flow concentration, the concentrate concentration, and the height of the overflow weir 20, and is derived from the orifice outflow formula.

[0079] In this invention, the diameter of the concentrate flow control hole 42 is relatively small. Therefore, the base plate of the concentrate dripping structure 17 should be made of a thin and high-strength material.

[0080] In this invention, the concentrate inlet pipe 18 is equipped with a reducing joint and is connected to the concentrate supply pump through a fifth external pipe. In this example, there are two concentrate inlet pipes 18, which can be connected to the same "tee" pipe and then connected to a concentrate supply device (such as a small flow water pump).

[0081] In this invention, the inner diameter of the return pipe 23 is determined by the maximum flow rate of the concentrate entering the outflow zone 22, and its outflow capacity can ensure that the liquid level in the outflow zone 22 is lower than the height of the overflow weir 20.

[0082] In this invention, the return pipe 23 is equipped with a reducing connector, which can be connected to a third external pipe to transport the concentrate in the outflow zone 22 back to the concentrate storage tank for recycling.

[0083] In this invention, the water distribution pipe 11 is equipped with a reducing joint, which can then be connected to a second external pipe to transport a constant flow rate and a constant concentration of water from the mixing chamber 10 to a designated location.

[0084] In this invention, the inner diameter of the tailwater pipe 14 is determined by the maximum tailwater flow rate, and its outflow capacity can ensure that the liquid level in the tailwater chamber 13 is lower than the height of the baffle plate.

[0085] In this invention, the tailwater pipe 14 is equipped with a reducing connector, which can then be connected to a first external pipe to transport the water flow from the tailwater chamber 13 to a designated location.

[0086] This invention also provides a method for centralized multi-level flow and concentration control in the field, comprising the following steps:

[0087] Step 1: Calculate the required height of the triangular weir 9 based on the test flow rate requirements, and adjust the height of the triangular weir by adjusting the structure.

[0088] Step 2: Fix the concentrate dripping device 17 above the mixing chamber 10, and keep the corresponding concentrate flow control hole 42 unobstructed. Cover the concentrate flow control hole 42 that is not needed. The concentration of the concentrate and the flow rate of the concentrate supply pump are selected according to the experimental requirements.

[0089] Step 3: Connect the inlet pipe 1 to the water source equipment. The water supply flow rate should be slightly greater than the total required flow rate.

[0090] Step 4: Connect the tailwater pipe 14 to the first external pipe, and place the end of the first external pipe at the designated tailwater discharge point;

[0091] Step 5: Connect the water distribution pipe 11 to the second external pipe. The second external pipe is placed at different test treatment inlets according to the test requirements.

[0092] Step 6: Connect the concentrate inlet pipe 18 to the concentrate supply equipment, and supply the flow rate slightly greater than the total flow rate of a single concentrate dripping structure;

[0093] Step 7: Connect the reflux pipe 23 to the third external pipe, and place the end of the third external pipe inside the concentrate storage tank;

[0094] Step 8: Place the entire box at a certain height above the ground so that the outflow from the water distribution pipe 11 can be delivered to the farthest location required for the test.

[0095] Step 9: Turn on the water supply equipment. The water from the field enters the water inlet chamber after passing through the buffer structure and dissipating energy through the inlet pipe.

[0096] Step 10: The water depth in the inlet chamber 4 increases continuously, the first vertical baffle 5 begins to overflow, and the water enters the stabilization chamber 6. The water depth in different stabilization chambers 6 gradually increases, reaching different overflow heights of the triangular weir 9 in sequence, and the water overflows into the corresponding mixing chamber 10.

[0097] Step 11: The water depth in the inlet chamber 4 rises further to the height of the third vertical baffle plate 12, and the excess water overflows into the tailwater chamber 13 and is discharged through the tailwater pipe 14.

[0098] Step 12: The water surfaces in the inlet chamber 4 and the stabilizing chamber 6 are level, the water head at the top of the weir gradually becomes constant, and the overflow flow of the triangular weir also gradually becomes constant, equal to the pre-set required flow rate.

[0099] Step 13: Add concentrate by dripping through concentrate addition structure 17. Under the action of water turbulence, the low-concentration incoming water with a fixed flow rate in mixing chamber 10 is uniformly mixed with the concentrate with a fixed flow rate, and finally a water body with a fixed flow rate and fixed concentration that meets the test requirements is obtained. The water body is then transported to the inlet of different test treatments through water distribution pipe 11.

[0100] Step 14: After the test, turn off the external water source and the concentrate supply pump, drain the remaining water, and make it convenient for later maintenance or reuse.

[0101] In this invention, the concentrate dripping structure 17 includes a buffer zone 19, a stabilizing zone 21, and an outflow zone 22. A concentrate inlet pipe 18 is provided on the side wall of the buffer zone 19. The buffer zone 19 and the stabilizing zone 21 are separated by a first overflow weir 20, and the stabilizing zone 21 and the outflow zone 22 are separated by a second overflow weir 20. Multiple concentrate flow control holes 42 are provided in the area corresponding to each mixing chamber on the bottom plate of the stabilizing zone 21. A return pipe 23 is provided at the bottom of the outflow zone 22. Therefore, in step 2, the concentrate inlet pipe 18 is connected to a concentrate supply device, which draws concentrate from the concentrate storage tank. The supply flow rate is slightly... The total flow rate of the concentrate is greater than the required total flow rate. The end of the return pipe 23 is placed in the concentrate storage tank. In step 13, the concentrate enters the buffer zone 19 from the concentrate inlet pipe 18. The water depth of the concentrate in the buffer zone 19 gradually rises. After the liquid level is flush with the first overflow weir 20, it begins to overflow into the stabilization zone 21. The water depth in the stabilization zone 21 gradually increases. When the water depth is equal to the height of the second overflow weir 20, the concentrate in the stabilization zone 21 overflows into the outlet zone 22. At this time, the head of the stabilization zone 21 is stable, and the concentrate flow control hole 42 flows out stably. The concentrate in the outlet zone 22 returns to the concentrate storage tank through the return pipe 23.

[0102] In this invention, the adjustment structure includes a vertical fixed column 25, an upper horizontal slide rail 26, a lower horizontal slide rail 27, a first movable rod 29, and a second movable rod 28. Two vertical fixed columns 25 are spaced a certain distance apart. The upper horizontal slide rail 26 is fixed to the top of the two vertical fixed columns 25. The lower horizontal slide rail 27 is slidably disposed between the two vertical fixed columns 25 and connected to a triangular weir 9 at its lower part. A first fixed stake 30 is fixed inside the upper horizontal slide rail 26, and a second pulley 33 is slidably connected thereto. A second fixed stake 31 is fixed inside the lower horizontal slide rail 27, and a first pulley 32 is slidably connected thereto. One end of the first movable rod 28 is rotatably connected to the first fixed stake 30, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first pulley 32. One end of the second movable rod 29 is rotatably connected to the second fixed stake 30. On the fixed pile 31, the other end is rotatably connected to the second pulley 33. A rotating connecting shaft runs through the overlapping part between the first movable rod 28 and the second movable rod 29. The first movable rod 28 and the second movable rod 29 can freely adjust their tilt angle in the vertical plane with the first fixed pile 30 as the base point. The first support rod 36 is fixedly connected to the first pulley 32 and has a first thread 38 at the top. The second support rod 36 is fixedly connected to the second pulley 33 and has a second thread 39 at the bottom with the opposite direction of the first thread 38. The threaded rod 35 has a third thread 40 at the top and a fourth thread 41 at the bottom with the opposite direction of the third thread 40. The third thread 40 and the second thread 39 cooperate, and the first thread 38 and the fourth thread 41 cooperate. In step 1, rotating the threaded rod 35 shortens or increases the distance between the upper horizontal slide rail 26 and the lower horizontal slide rail 27, causing the height of the triangular weir 9 to rise or fall. After the triangular weir 9 reaches the position specified by the scale inside the vertical fixed column 25, the adjustment stops. This invention allows managers to centrally control the influent flow and concentration of multiple test treatments from a single operating location.

[0103] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device for field applications, characterized in that: The system includes a box with an opening on its upper surface and a concentrated liquid dripping structure. The box contains an inlet chamber, a stabilization chamber, a mixing chamber, and a tailwater chamber. The inlet chamber has an inlet pipe on its side wall for receiving outdoor water. A buffer structure is provided inside the inlet chamber. n stabilization chambers are arranged side-by-side on one side of the inlet chamber and separated by a first vertical baffle. n mixing chambers are provided, each located on one side of a stabilization chamber and separated by a second vertical baffle. The height of the second vertical baffle is lower than the height of the first vertical baffle. The tailwater chamber is located on the other side of the inlet chamber and separated by a third vertical baffle. Separated, the tailwater chamber is provided with a tailwater pipe on its side wall, the height of the third vertical baffle is higher than the height of the first vertical baffle, each mixing chamber is provided with a water distribution pipe on its side wall, each second vertical baffle is provided with a groove, and a triangular weir is provided in the groove. The height of each triangular weir is adjusted by an adjustment structure, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the field water entering each mixing chamber. The concentrate dripping structure is provided on the top of n mixing chambers and is provided with concentrate flow control holes. Each one or more concentrate flow control holes and a mixing chamber are used to drip concentrate into the mixing chamber.

2. The field centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer structure is a buffer pipe, which is connected to the inlet pipe and has multiple evenly distributed flow holes, so that outdoor water can only enter the inlet chamber through the flow holes.

3. The field-based centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two rows of stabilizing chambers are respectively located on the left and right sides of the inlet chamber. The inlet pipe is located on the front side wall of the inlet chamber. The tailwater chamber is located outside the rear side wall of the inlet chamber. The rear side wall of the inlet chamber is a third vertical baffle plate.

4. The field centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A triangular weir is a right-angled triangular thin-walled weir. When flow passes through a right-angled triangular thin-walled weir, the relationship between head and flow rate is stable. The flow rate calculation formula (1) for a right-angled triangular thin-walled weir is: (1) in, The flow rate through a right-angled triangular thin-walled weir is expressed in cubic meters per second (m³). 3 / s; This is the flow coefficient, typically taken as 1.4; The water head at the crest of a right-angled triangular thin-walled weir is expressed in meters (m). The concentrate addition flow rate is very small. To improve control accuracy, the orifice outflow principle is adopted in the design. When the water level in the container remains constant, the water flow rate through the orifice is constant. The flow rate calculation formula (2) is as follows: (2) in, The flow rate is controlled by the concentrate flow control orifice, with units of m³. 3 / s; This is the flow coefficient, typically taken as 0.60-0.62; This is the acceleration due to gravity, measured in m / s². The total head at the orifice is expressed in meters (m). The orifice diameter of the concentrate flow control orifice is derived from formula (2), and formula (3) is calculated accordingly: (3) in, r The orifice diameter for the concentrate flow control orifice, in meters (m). The influent flow rate required for a specific experimental treatment. In actual operation, Much smaller than , can be approximated The unit is ; B The influent concentration required for a specific experimental treatment, in units of ; C This refers to the concentration of the concentrate, in units of... .

5. The field centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentrate dripping structure includes a buffer zone, a stabilizing zone, and an effluent zone. The buffer zone has a concentrate inlet pipe on its side wall. The buffer zone and the stabilizing zone are separated by a first overflow weir. The stabilizing zone and the effluent zone are separated by a second overflow weir. The bottom of the stabilizing zone and the area corresponding to each mixing chamber are provided with one or more concentrate flow control holes. The bottom of the effluent zone is provided with a return pipe.

6. The field centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment structure includes vertical fixed columns, an upper horizontal slide rail, a lower horizontal slide rail, a first movable rod, and a second movable rod. The two vertical fixed columns are spaced a certain distance apart. The upper horizontal slide rail is fixed to the top of the two vertical fixed columns, and the lower horizontal slide rail is slidably disposed between the two vertical fixed columns and connected to a triangular weir at its lower part. The upper horizontal slide rail is fixed with a first fixed post and slidably connected with a second pulley. The lower horizontal slide rail is fixed with a second fixed post and slidably connected with a first pulley. One end of the first movable rod is rotatably connected to the first fixed post, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first pulley. One end of the second movable rod is rotatably connected to the second fixed post, and the other end is rotatably connected to the second pulley. A rotating connecting shaft is provided in the overlapping part between the first and second movable rods, passing through the front and rear. The first and second movable rods can be freely adjusted in tilt angle in the vertical plane with the first fixed post as the base point. The first support rod is fixedly connected to the first pulley and has a first thread at the top. The second support rod is fixedly connected to the second pulley and has a second thread at the bottom with the opposite direction of the first thread. The threaded rod has a third thread at the top and a fourth thread at the bottom with the opposite direction of the third thread. The third thread and the second thread cooperate, and the first thread and the fourth thread cooperate.

7. The field centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the flow passage is less than 2 cm, and the spacing between the flow passages is equal to 3 / 2 to 3 times the diameter of the flow passage.

8. The field centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet pipe, distribution pipe, tailwater pipe, concentrate inlet pipe, and return pipe are all short pipes that can be connected to external pipes and are all equipped with reducing joints.

9. The field centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the mixing chambers has multiple concentrate flow control holes above it, and unused concentrate flow control holes are covered by a baffle plate.

10. A method for centralized multi-level flow and concentration control in the field, using the centralized multi-level flow and concentration control device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Calculate the required height of the triangular weir based on the test flow rate requirements, and adjust the height of the triangular weir by adjusting the structure. Step 2: Fix the concentrate dripping device above the mixing chamber, and keep the corresponding concentrate flow control hole unobstructed. Cover the concentrate flow control holes that are not needed. The concentration of the concentrate and the flow rate of the concentrate supply pump are selected according to the experimental requirements. Step 3: Connect the inlet pipe to the water source equipment. The water supply flow rate should be slightly greater than the total required flow rate. Step 4: Connect the tailwater pipe to the first external pipe, and place the end of the first external pipe at the designated tailwater discharge point; Step 5: Connect the water distribution pipe to the second external pipe. The second external pipe is placed at the inlet of different test treatments according to the test requirements. Step 6: Connect the concentrate inlet pipe to the concentrate supply equipment, and supply the flow rate slightly greater than the total flow rate of a single concentrate dripping structure; Step 7: Connect the reflux pipe to the third external pipe, and place the end of the third external pipe inside the concentrate storage tank; Step 8: Place the entire chamber at a certain height above the ground so that the water flow from the distribution pipe can reach the farthest location required for the test. Step 9: Turn on the water supply equipment. The water from the field enters the water inlet chamber after passing through the buffer structure and dissipating energy through the inlet pipe. Step 10: As the water depth in the inlet chamber increases, the first vertical baffle begins to overflow, and the water enters the stabilization chamber. The water depth in different stabilization chambers gradually increases, reaching different triangular weir overflow heights in turn, and the water overflows into the corresponding mixing chamber. Step 11: The water depth in the inlet chamber rises further to the height of the third vertical baffle plate. Excess water overflows into the tailwater chamber and is discharged through the tailwater pipe. Step 12: The water levels in the inlet chamber and the stabilization chamber are level, the water head at the top of the weir gradually becomes constant, and the overflow flow of the triangular weir also gradually becomes constant, equal to the pre-set required flow rate. Step 13: The concentrate is added dropwise through the concentrate dropwise structure. Under the action of water turbulence, the low-concentration incoming water at a certain flow rate in the mixing chamber is uniformly mixed with the concentrate at a certain flow rate, and finally a constant flow rate and constant concentration water body that meets the test requirements is obtained. The water body is then transported to the inlet of different test treatments through the water distribution pipe. Step 14: After the test, turn off the external water source and the concentrate supply pump, drain the remaining water, and make it convenient for later maintenance or reuse.

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