An integrated regulator and regulation method under the soybean-corn strip intercropping mode

Abstract

The present invention provides an integrated regulator and a regulation method for the strip intercropping mode of soybean and corn, belonging to the technical field of high-yield cultivation of crops. The regulator includes regulator I and regulator II which are independently packaged; regulator I uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 150-350 mg / L of ethephon, 30-50 mg / L of uniconazole, 10-50 mg / L of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, and 1-3 mL / L of surfactant; regulator II uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 50-60 mg / L of uniconazole and 1-3 mL / L of surfactant. The regulator of the present invention is universal for soybeans and corns, realizes the integrated chemical control of soybeans and corns, combines the adjustment of spraying time, reduces the chemical control times and labor costs, and achieves the effects of controlling plant growth, preventing lodging and increasing yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-yield cultivation of crops, and particularly relates to an integrated regulator and a regulation method for regulating the strip intercropping mode of soybean and corn. Background Art

[0002] The strip intercropping mode of soybean and corn is an improvement on the traditional single cropping modes of soybean and corn, and is a planting mode of two crops with harmonious symbiosis between crops developed innovatively on the basis of traditional strip compounding and interplanting. A large number of studies have shown that "strip intercropping of soybean and corn" is an effective way to stabilize corn and expand soybean, and can achieve the goal of "basically no reduction in corn yield and an additional harvest of soybean in one season" without increasing arable land. In the strip intercropping mode of soybean and corn, soybean and corn are sown simultaneously, and usually 2 - 6 rows of densely planted corn belts are strip compound interplanted with 2 - 6 rows of densely planted soybean belts. Since the plant spacing and row spacing within the soybean belt and the corn belt are much smaller than those in conventional single cropping, the lodging risk of corn and soybean is increased, and the tall crop corn is extremely likely to cause shading of soybean, exacerbating the lodging risk and flower and pod dropping of soybean, and seriously reducing the soybean yield. Chemical regulation is one of the main measures for high-yield cultivation of crops. A large number of studies have shown that the application of exogenous regulators can significantly improve the growth status of crops, promote plant dwarfing and reduce the occurrence of lodging. At present, there are already growth regulators specifically for single cropping of corn and single cropping of soybean in production, but there is still a lack of regulators that can be used commonly on soybean and corn. In terms of the appropriate time and frequency of chemical regulation, corn is generally chemically regulated once during the whole growth period, and the appropriate growth regulation period is the 6 - 9 leaf stage (about 25 - 30 days after sowing). Chemical regulation too late not only cannot prevent corn lodging, but also affects the differentiation of corn tassels, resulting in less pollen in the corn tassels, unfavorable pollination, and ultimately affecting the corn yield. The appropriate growth regulation period for summer soybean is the early flowering - full flowering stage (45 - 55 days after sowing) and the podding stage. The first chemical regulation too early will inhibit the vegetative growth of soybean, resulting in low photosynthesis rate in the later stage and reduced yield. There is a difference of more than 15 days in the appropriate time for the first chemical regulation of corn and soybean, that is, when corn reaches the critical growth regulation period of 6 - 9 leaf stage, soybean is still in the seedling stage (about 15 days before the early flowering - full flowering stage) and has not reached the appropriate growth regulation period. This leads to the need for separate chemical regulation of soybean and corn in the soybean - corn intercropping mode, and to prevent the drift of spraying agents between the corn belt and the soybean belt. In production, artificial pulling of plastic films is commonly used for shielding to prevent the drift of agents, which not only doubles the number of chemical regulation times, but also significantly increases the labor cost. In order to save labor costs and improve production efficiency, there is an urgent need in production to form an integrated chemical regulation method for the strip intercropping mode of soybean and corn, improve the regulator formula and spraying time, achieve the effect of integrated chemical regulation of soybean and corn, and reduce the time and labor costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an integrated regulator and a regulation method for the strip intercropping mode of soybean and maize. The regulator of the present invention is applicable to both soybean and maize, realizing the integrated chemical control of soybean and maize. By adjusting the spraying time, the number of chemical control operations and labor costs are reduced, achieving the effects of growth inhibition, lodging prevention and yield increase.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides an integrated regulator for the strip intercropping mode of soybean and maize, comprising regulator Ⅰ and regulator Ⅱ in independent packages;

[0006] Regulator Ⅰ uses water as a solvent and comprises components with the following final concentrations: 150 - 350 mg / L of ethephon, 30 - 50 mg / L of uniconazole, 10 - 50 mg / L of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, and 1 - 3 mL / L of surfactant;

[0007] Regulator Ⅱ uses water as a solvent and comprises components with the following final concentrations: 50 - 60 mg / L of uniconazole and 1 - 3 mL / L of surfactant.

[0008] Preferably, the surfactant in regulator Ⅰ and regulator Ⅱ includes Tween - 80.

[0009] The present invention also provides an integrated regulation method for the strip intercropping mode of soybean and maize, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Soybean and maize are planted in strips alternately at the same time. The above - mentioned regulator Ⅰ is sprayed on the soybean planting strip and the maize planting strip at the 10 - 11 leaf stage of maize, and the above - mentioned regulator Ⅱ is sprayed on the soybean planting strip at the full pod stage of soybean.

[0011] Preferably, strip fertilization is carried out after sowing soybean and maize. The nitrogen fertilizer applied to the soybean strip is equivalent to 1 - 3 kg / acre of pure nitrogen, and the nitrogen fertilizer applied to the maize is equivalent to 10 - 20 kg / acre of pure nitrogen.

[0012] Preferably, the spraying part of regulator Ⅰ is the surface of the canopy leaves of soybean and maize, and the spraying amount of regulator Ⅰ is 20 - 25 L / acre.

[0013] Preferably, the spraying part of regulator Ⅱ is the surface of the canopy leaves of soybean, and the spraying amount of regulator Ⅱ is 20 - 25 L / acre.

[0014] Preferably, 2 - 6 rows of soybean are planted in the soybean planting strip, and the row spacing of soybean in the soybean planting strip is 0.2 - 0.4 m.

[0015] Preferably, 2 - 6 rows of maize are planted in the maize planting strip, and the row spacing of maize in the maize planting strip is 0.3 - 1.0 m.

[0016] Preferably, the distance between the soybean planting belt and the corn planting belt is 0.6 - 0.8 m.

[0017] Preferably, the planting density of soybeans in the soybean planting belt is 6,000 - 9,000 plants per mu, and the planting density of corn in the corn planting belt is 3,500 - 5,000 plants per mu.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] Through the regulator and regulation method disclosed in the present invention, the purpose of integrated chemical control in the soybean-corn strip intercropping mode is achieved. The spraying frequency of the regulator in production is reduced from 3 times to 2 times, significantly shortening the plant heights of soybeans and corn, increasing the stem diameters, reducing the ear heights of corn, reducing the lodging rates of soybeans and corn, and increasing the yields of corn and soybeans.

[0020] The field test results show that compared with the water control, at harvest, the plant heights of corn and soybeans are reduced by 9.5 - 18.9% and 20.3 - 28.6% respectively, the yields are increased by 3.8 - 11.2% and 41.8 - 66.1% respectively, the lodging rate of corn is reduced to less than 2.5%, and the lodging rate of soybeans is reduced by 86.6 - 90.8%. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] The present invention provides an integrated regulator for regulating the soybean-corn strip intercropping mode, comprising regulator I and regulator II in independent packages; regulator I uses water as a solvent and comprises components with the following final concentrations: 150 - 350 mg / L of ethephon, 30 - 50 mg / L of uniconazole, 10 - 50 mg / L of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, and 1 - 3 mL / L of surfactant; regulator II uses water as a solvent and comprises components with the following final concentrations: 50 - 60 mg / L of uniconazole and 1 - 3 mL / L of surfactant.

[0022] In the present invention, regulator I uses water as a solvent and comprises ethephon with a final concentration of 150 - 350 mg / L, preferably 200 - 300 mg / L, and more preferably 220 - 280 mg / L.

[0023] In the present invention, regulator I uses water as a solvent and comprises uniconazole with a final concentration of 30 - 50 mg / L, preferably 35 - 45 mg / L, and more preferably 38 - 42 mg / L.

[0024] In the present invention, regulator I uses water as a solvent and comprises diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate with a final concentration of 10 - 50 mg / L, preferably 20 - 40 mg / L, and more preferably 25 - 35 mg / L.

[0025] In the present invention, the regulator I uses water as a solvent and includes a surfactant with a final concentration of 1 to 3 mL / L, preferably 1.5 to 2.5 mL / L, and more preferably 1.8 to 3.2 mL / L.

[0026] In the present invention, the regulator II uses water as a solvent and includes uniconazole with a final concentration of 50 to 60 mg / L, preferably 52 to 58 mg / L, and more preferably 54 to 56 mg / L.

[0027] In the present invention, the regulator II uses water as a solvent and includes a surfactant with a final concentration of 1 to 3 mL / L, preferably 1.5 to 2.5 mL / L, and more preferably 1.8 to 3.2 mL / L.

[0028] In the present invention, the surfactant in the regulator I and the regulator II includes Tween-80.

[0029] In the present invention, the ethephon used is a 40% aqueous solution, uniconazole is a 5% wettable powder, and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate is a 98% technical material.

[0030] In the present invention, the components of the above regulators have the following effects:

[0031] Ethephon is a commonly used growth regulator, which is stable in an aqueous solution with a pH < 3.5 and releases ethylene as the pH increases. It has the effects of accelerating ripening and senescence, promoting plant dwarfing, and inducing leaf abscission.

[0032] Uniconazole is a broad-spectrum and highly effective plant growth regulator, which is a gibberellin synthesis inhibitor. It has the effects of controlling vegetative growth, inhibiting cell elongation, shortening internodes, dwarfing plants, promoting lateral bud growth and flower bud formation, and enhancing stress resistance.

[0033] Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate is a broad-spectrum high-energy plant growth regulator. Exogenous spraying can increase the chlorophyll content, induce cell division and elongation of plants, promote root development, and regulate the balance of nutrients in the body. In production, the compound agent of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and ethephon is often used as a growth regulator for corn, which can effectively regulate the growth of corn, shorten the internode distance of corn, thicken the stem, and thus enhance the lodging resistance of corn plants.

[0034] Tween-80 is an organic compound, which is easily soluble in water. It is a non-ionic surfactant and has an emulsifying effect, which is beneficial to the uniform dispersion of ethephon, uniconazole, and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate in the regulator, and at the same time makes the regulator have better adhesion on the leaf surfaces of soybeans and corn.

[0035] The present invention also provides an integrated regulation method under the soybean-corn strip intercropping mode, including the following steps:

[0036] Soybeans and corn are planted in strip alternation during the same period. At the 10-11 leaf stage of corn, the above-mentioned regulator I is sprayed on the soybean planting strip and the corn planting strip. At the full pod stage of soybeans, the above-mentioned regulator II is sprayed on the soybean planting strip.

[0037] In the present invention, strip fertilization is carried out after sowing soybeans and corn. The nitrogen fertilizer applied to the soybean strip is equivalent to 2-3 kg of pure nitrogen per mu, preferably 2.2-2.8 kg of pure nitrogen per mu, and more preferably 2.4-2.6 kg of pure nitrogen per mu; the nitrogen fertilizer applied to the corn strip is equivalent to 10-20 kg of pure nitrogen per mu, preferably 13-19 kg of pure nitrogen per mu, and more preferably 15-18 kg of pure nitrogen per mu.

[0038] In the present invention, the spraying part of the regulator I is the surface of the canopy leaves of soybeans and corn, and the spraying amount of the regulator I is 20-25 L per mu, preferably 21-24 L per mu, and more preferably 22-23 L per mu.

[0039] In the present invention, the spraying part of the regulator II is the surface of the canopy leaves of soybeans, and the spraying amount of the regulator II is 20-25 L per mu, preferably 21-24 L per mu, and more preferably 22-23 L per mu.

[0040] In the present invention, the spraying time of the regulator I and the regulator II is preferably between 15:00 and 19:00 on a sunny day. If it rains within 12 hours after spraying the medicine, it is preferably to add 10-12.5 L of the regulator per mu, preferably 10.5-12 L, and more preferably 11-11.5 L.

[0041] In the present invention, 2-6 rows of soybeans are planted in the soybean planting strip, and the row spacing of soybeans in the soybean planting strip is 0.2-0.4 m, preferably 0.25-0.35 m, and more preferably 0.28-0.32 m.

[0042] In the present invention, 2-6 rows of corn are planted in the corn planting strip, and the row spacing of corn in the corn planting strip is 0.3-1.0 m, preferably 0.40-0.80 m. If there are 2-3 rows of corn, it is more preferably 0.40-0.50 m. If there are 4-6 rows of corn, the row spacing of the middle two rows of corn is 0.8 m, and the row spacing of the remaining corn is 0.40-0.50 m.

[0043] In the present invention, the distance between the soybean planting strip and the corn planting strip is 0.6-0.8 m, preferably 0.65-0.75 m, and more preferably 0.68-0.72 m.

[0044] In the present invention, the planting density of soybeans in the soybean planting belt is 6,000 - 9,000 plants per mu, preferably 7,500 - 8,500 plants per mu, and more preferably 7,800 - 8,200 plants per mu; the planting density of corn in the corn planting belt is 3,500 - 5,000 plants per mu, preferably 3,700 - 4,300 plants per mu, and more preferably 3,900 - 4,100 plants per mu.

[0045] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] This example provides an integrated regulator for regulating the soybean-corn strip intercropping pattern, including independently packaged Regulator I and Regulator II; Regulator I uses water as a solvent and includes the following components at the final concentrations: 150 mg / L of ethephon, 50 mg / L of uniconazole, 10 mg / L of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, and 2 mL / L of Tween-80; Regulator II uses water as a solvent and includes the following components at the final concentrations: 55 mg / L of uniconazole and 2 mL / L of Tween-80.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] This example provides an integrated regulator for regulating the soybean-corn strip intercropping pattern, including independently packaged Regulator I and Regulator II; Regulator I uses water as a solvent and includes the following components at the final concentrations: 200 mg / L of ethephon, 30 mg / L of uniconazole, 30 mg / L of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, and 2 mL / L of Tween-80; Regulator II uses water as a solvent and includes the following components at the final concentrations: 55 mg / L of uniconazole and 2 mL / L of Tween-80.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] This example provides an integrated regulator for regulating the soybean-corn strip intercropping pattern, including independently packaged Regulator I and Regulator II; Regulator I uses water as a solvent and includes the following components at the final concentrations: 300 mg / L of ethephon, 30 mg / L of uniconazole, 40 mg / L of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, and 2 mL / L of Tween-80; Regulator II uses water as a solvent and includes the following components at the final concentrations: 55 mg / L of uniconazole and 2 mL / L of Tween-80.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] This example provides an integrated regulator for regulating the strip intercropping mode of soybean and corn, including regulator Ⅰ and regulator Ⅱ in separate packages; regulator Ⅰ uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 200 mg / L of ethephon, 40 mg / L of uniconazole, 40 mg / L of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, and 2 mL / L of Tween-80; regulator Ⅱ uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 55 mg / L of uniconazole and 2 mL / L of Tween-80.

[0054] Example 5

[0055] This example provides an integrated regulator for regulating the strip intercropping mode of soybean and corn, including regulator Ⅰ and regulator Ⅱ in separate packages; regulator Ⅰ uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 200 mg / L of ethephon, 50 mg / L of uniconazole, 50 mg / L of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, and 2 mL / L of Tween-80; regulator Ⅱ uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 55 mg / L of uniconazole and 2 mL / L of Tween-80.

[0056] Comparative Example 1

[0057] This comparative example provides an integrated regulator for regulating the strip intercropping mode of soybean and corn, including regulator Ⅰ and regulator Ⅱ in separate packages; regulator Ⅰ uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 350 mg / L of ethephon and 2 mL / L of Tween-80; regulator Ⅱ uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 350 mg / L of ethephon and 2 mL / L of Tween-80.

[0058] Comparative Example 2

[0059] This comparative example provides an integrated regulator for regulating the strip intercropping mode of soybean and corn, including regulator Ⅰ and regulator Ⅱ in separate packages; regulator Ⅰ uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 150 mg / L of ethephon and 2 mL / L of Tween-80; regulator Ⅱ uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 150 mg / L of ethephon and 2 mL / L of Tween-80.

[0060] Comparative Example 3

[0061] This comparative example provides an integrated regulator for regulating the strip intercropping mode of soybean and corn, including regulator Ⅰ and regulator Ⅱ in separate packages; regulator Ⅰ uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 50 mg / L of uniconazole and 2 mL / L of Tween-80; regulator Ⅱ uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 50 mg / L of uniconazole and 2 mL / L of Tween-80.

[0062] Comparative Example 4

[0063] This comparative example provides an integrated regulator for regulating the soybean-corn strip intercropping pattern, including regulator I and regulator II in independent packages; regulator I uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 30 mg / L of uniconazole, 2 mL / L of Tween-80; regulator II uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 30 mg / L of uniconazole, 2 mL / L of Tween-80.

[0064] Comparative Example 5

[0065] This comparative example provides an integrated regulator for regulating the soybean-corn strip intercropping pattern, including regulator I and regulator II in independent packages; regulator I uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 200 mg / L of ethephon, 20 mg / L of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 2 mL / L of Tween-80; regulator II uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 200 mg / L of ethephon, 20 mg / L of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 2 mL / L of Tween-80.

[0066] Comparative Example 6

[0067] This comparative example provides an integrated regulator for regulating the soybean-corn strip intercropping pattern, including regulator I and regulator II in independent packages; regulator I uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 40 mg / L of uniconazole, 50 mg / L of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 2 mL / L of Tween-80; regulator II uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following final concentrations: 40 mg / L of uniconazole, 50 mg / L of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 2 mL / L of Tween-80.

[0068] Example 6

[0069] This example provides an integrated regulation method for the soybean-corn strip intercropping pattern, including the following steps:

[0070] Soybeans and corn are strip intercropped synchronously. 4 rows of soybeans are planted in the soybean planting strip, and the row spacing of soybeans is 0.3 m; 2 rows of corn are planted in the corn planting strip, and the row spacing of corn is 0.4 m. The planting density of soybeans is 8000 plants per mu, and the planting density of corn is 4000 plants per mu. The distance between the soybean planting strip and the corn planting strip is 0.7 m. After sowing soybeans and corn, 2.5 kg / mu of pure nitrogen equivalent of nitrogen fertilizer is applied to the soybean planting strip, and 15 kg / mu of pure nitrogen equivalent of nitrogen fertilizer is applied to the corn planting strip. After sowing soybeans and corn, conventional management is carried out.

[0071] At the 10-11 leaf stage of maize, the regulator Ⅰ described in Example 1 was sprayed on the soybean planting belt and the maize planting belt. The spraying site was the surface of the canopy leaves of soybean and maize, and the spraying amount was 25 L / mu. At the full pod stage of soybean, the regulator Ⅱ described in Example 1 was sprayed on the soybean planting belt. The spraying site was the surface of the canopy leaves of soybean, and the spraying amount was 25 L / mu. The spraying time of the above two regulators was between 15:00 and 19:00 on sunny days. If it rained within 12 h after spraying, an additional 10 L should be applied per mu.

[0072] Example 7

[0073] This example provides an integrated regulation method under the soybean-corn strip intercropping mode, including the following steps:

[0074] Soybeans and maize were strip-intercropped during the same period. 4 rows of soybeans were planted in the soybean planting belt, and the row spacing of soybeans was 0.3 m. 2 rows of maize were planted in the maize planting belt, and the row spacing of maize was 0.4 m. The planting density of soybeans was 7,500 plants / mu, and the planting density of maize was 4,000 plants / mu. The distance between the soybean planting belt and the maize planting belt was 0.65 m. After sowing soybeans and maize, 2 kg / mu of pure nitrogen equivalent of nitrogen fertilizer was applied to the soybean planting belt, and 20 kg / mu of pure nitrogen equivalent of nitrogen fertilizer was applied to the maize planting belt. After sowing soybeans and maize, conventional management was carried out.

[0075] At the 10-11 leaf stage of maize, the regulator Ⅰ described in Example 1 was sprayed on the soybean planting belt and the maize planting belt. The spraying site was the surface of the canopy leaves of soybean and maize, and the spraying amount was 25 L / mu. At the full pod stage of soybean, the regulator Ⅱ described in Example 1 was sprayed on the soybean planting belt. The spraying site was the surface of the canopy leaves of soybean, and the spraying amount was 25 L / mu. The spraying time of the above two regulators was between 15:00 and 19:00 on sunny days. If it rained within 12 h after spraying, an additional 11 L should be applied per mu.

[0076] Experimental Example 1

[0077] This experimental example conducted a field experiment on the regulators of Examples 1-5. The test site was Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province. Using the regulation method described in Example 6, the maize variety was Suyu 29, and the soybean variety was Zhonghuang 301. Each formula of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-7 was set with 3 replicates, and each plot was 54 m 2 . At the harvest stage, the plant height, the length and stem diameter of the 4th internode, the ear height, the number of grains per ear, the 1000-grain weight and the grain yield of maize were measured respectively, and the lodging rate was counted; the plant height, the stem diameter of the 4th internode, the number of pods, the number of grains per plant, the 100-grain weight and the grain yield of soybeans were measured, and the lodging rate was counted.

[0078] The spraying time was set in 2 groups. For the first group, the spraying time was set as follows: the spraying time of regulator Ⅰ was at the 7-8 leaf stage of maize (July 13th); the spraying time of regulator Ⅱ was at the full pod stage of maize (August 5th). For the second group, the spraying time used was the spraying time in Example 6, that is, the spraying time of regulator Ⅰ was at the 10-11 leaf stage of maize (July 21st); the spraying time of regulator Ⅱ was at the full pod stage of maize (August 5th).

[0079] The results are shown in Tables 1 to 4. It can be seen from Tables 1 to 4 that after spraying in the first group, although spraying only ethephon in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 could significantly reduce the plant height, ear height and lodging rate of maize, it had a relatively small impact on the growth of soybean, and significantly reduced the yields of maize and soybean. Although the treatment of spraying only uniconazole in Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 could significantly reduce the plant height and lodging rate of soybean, increase the number of pods per plant, the number of grains per plant and the yield, it had a relatively small impact on the growth of maize and failed to achieve the purpose of significantly reducing the plant height of maize and increasing the yield of maize. Although ethephon + DA-6 in Comparative Example 5 could significantly reduce the plant height and lodging rate of maize and increase the yield of maize, it had a relatively small impact on the plant height and lodging rate of soybean, and the lodging rate of soybean was as high as over 50%, seriously affecting the mechanized harvesting of soybean. Although uniconazole + DA-6 in Comparative Example 6 could significantly reduce the plant height and lodging rate of soybean and increase the yield of soybean, it had a relatively small impact on the plant height, ear height and yield of maize and did not achieve a significant yield increase effect. Examples 1 to 5 had significant effects on the growth and yield formation of maize and soybean. Compared with the control of spraying clear water (blank control), for maize, it could cause the plant height to decrease by 11.9 - 20.7%, the length of the fourth internode to decrease by 15.5 - 18.7%, the stem diameter of the fourth internode to increase by 9.4 - 10.9%, the ear height to decrease by 11.2 - 14.4%, the number of grains per ear to increase by 1.9 - 3.9%, the 100-grain weight to increase by 1.5% - 4.7%, and the final yield to increase by 4.4 - 8.7%, and no lodging was observed; for soybean, it could reduce the plant height by 27.3 - 37.4%, increase the stem diameter of the fourth internode by 9.1 - 13.6%, increase the number of pods per plant by 9.7 - 24.9%, increase the number of grains per plant by 13.4 - 20.1%, increase the yield by 13.5 - 19.6%, and reduce the lodging rate by 87.8 - 89.8%.

[0080] After the second group was sprayed, the effects of Comparative Examples 1-6 were the same as those of the first group. Examples 1-5 had significant effects on the growth and yield formation of corn and soybeans. Compared with the control of spraying clear water (blank control), for corn, it could cause the plant height to decrease by 9.5-18.9%, the length of the fourth internode to decrease by 11.3-17.7%, the stem diameter of the fourth internode to increase by 7.1-12.8%, the ear height to decrease by 11.2-14.4%, the number of grains per ear to increase by 1.7-4.4%, the 100-grain weight to increase by 2.8%-5.0%, and the final yield to increase by 3.8-9.7%, and no lodging was observed; for soybeans, it could reduce the plant height by 20.3-28.6%, increase the stem diameter of the fourth internode by 12.5-18.7%, increase the number of pods per plant by 31.7-46.7%, increase the number of grains per plant by 39.0-49.0%, increase the yield by 41.8-53.0%, and reduce the lodging rate by 86.8-89.8%.

[0081] The spraying effects of the two groups showed that after the second group was sprayed, the corn yield of Comparative Examples 1-5 decreased by 2.82-14.74 kg / mu compared with the first group, but the soybean yield was 23.22-37.15 kg / mu higher than that of the first group. Through comprehensive analysis, the spraying effect of the second group (spraying the regulator at the 10-11 leaf stage of corn and the full pod stage of soybeans) was better than that of the first group (spraying the regulator at the 7-9 leaf stage of corn and the full pod stage of soybeans).

[0082] Table 1. Effects of Spraying Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-7 on Corn (First Group)

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Table 2. Effects of Spraying Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-7 on Soybeans (First Group)

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] Table 3. Effects of Spraying Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-7 on Corn (Second Group)

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] Table 4. Effects of Spraying Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-7 on Soybeans (Second Group)

[0092]

[0093] Experimental Example 2

[0094] In this experimental example, the regulators of Examples 1-5 were subjected to field trials. The test site was Lianyun District, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province. Using the regulation method described in Example 7, the corn variety was Jiangyu 877, and the soybean variety was Xudou 18. Each formula of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-7 was set with 3 replicates, and each plot was 40m 2 . At the harvest stage, the plant height, ear height, number of kernels per ear, 1000-kernel weight and grain yield of corn were measured respectively, and the lodging rate was counted; the plant height, number of pods, number of grains per plant, 100-seed weight and grain yield of soybeans were measured, and the lodging rate was counted.

[0095] The spraying time was as follows: Regulator I was sprayed on both soybeans and corn at the 10-11 leaf stage of corn (July 27), and Regulator II was only sprayed on soybeans at the initial pod stage of soybeans (August 15).

[0096] The results are shown in Tables 5-6. It can be seen from Tables 5-6 that after spraying at the 10-11 leaf stage of corn and the full pod stage of soybeans, compared with the water control (blank control), in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, spraying ethephon alone could significantly reduce the plant height, ear height and lodging rate of corn, but had little effect on the growth of soybeans, and significantly reduced the yields of corn and soybeans. In Comparative Examples 3 and 4, spraying uniconazole alone could significantly reduce the plant height and lodging rate of soybeans and increase the yield, but had relatively little effect on the growth of corn and failed to achieve the purpose of significantly reducing the plant height and increasing the yield. In Comparative Example 5, ethephon + diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate could significantly reduce the plant height and lodging rate of corn and increase the corn yield, but had little effect on the plant height and lodging rate of soybeans, and the lodging rate of soybeans was as high as over 50%, seriously affecting the mechanized harvesting of soybeans. In Comparative Example 6, uniconazole + diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate could significantly reduce the plant height and lodging rate of soybeans and increase the soybean yield, but had relatively little effect on the plant height, ear height and yield of corn and did not achieve a significant yield increase effect. Examples 1-5 had significant effects on the growth and yield formation of both corn and soybeans. Compared with spraying the water control (blank control), for corn, it could cause the plant height to decrease by 10.6-16.8%, the ear height to decrease by 17.8-20.6%, the number of kernels per ear to increase by 2.0-6.0%, the 100-seed weight to increase by 2.3%-5.6%, and the final yield to increase by 7.4-11.2%, and the lodging rate was all lower than 2.5%; for soybeans, it could reduce the plant height by 25.3-27.8%, increase the number of pods per plant by 45.5-57.9%, increase the number of grains per plant by 56.0-64.3%, increase the yield by 57.8-66.1%, and reduce the lodging rate by 88.4-90.8%.

[0097] Table 5. Effects of spraying Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-7 on corn

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] Table 6. Effects of Spraying Examples 1 - 5 and Comparative Examples 1 - 7 on Soybeans

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] In summary, for the integrated chemical control method under the soybean - maize strip intercropping pattern in the embodiments of the present invention, after spraying the regulator at the 10 - 11 leaf stage of maize and the full pod stage of soybean respectively, compared with the water control, at harvest, the plant heights of maize and soybean decreased by 9.5 - 18.9% and 20.3 - 28.6% respectively, the yields increased by 3.8 - 11.2% and 41.8 - 66.1% respectively, the lodging rate of maize dropped below 2.5%, and the lodging rate of soybean decreased by 86.6 - 90.8%. The integrated chemical control of soybean and maize was achieved under the soybean - maize strip intercropping pattern, and the purposes of controlling excessive growth, promoting strong growth, preventing lodging and increasing yield were achieved.

[0104] As can be seen from the above examples, the present invention provides an integrated regulator and a regulation method for the soybean - maize strip intercropping pattern. The regulator of the present invention is universal for soybeans and maize, realizing the integrated chemical control of soybeans and maize. By adjusting the spraying time, the number of chemical control operations and labor costs are reduced, and the effects of controlling excessive growth, preventing lodging and increasing yield are achieved.

[0105] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated regulator for regulating the strip intercropping pattern of soybean and corn, characterized in that, It consists of independently packaged regulator Ⅰ and regulator Ⅱ; The regulator Ⅰ uses water as a solvent and consists of components with the following final concentrations: 150 - 350 mg / L of ethephon, 30 - 50 mg / L of uniconazole, 10 - 50 mg / L of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, and 1 - 3 mL / L of Tween - 80; The regulator Ⅱ uses water as a solvent and consists of components with the following final concentrations: 50 - 60 mg / L of uniconazole and 1 - 3 mL / L of Tween - 80.

2. An integrated regulation method under the strip intercropping mode of soybean and corn, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Soybeans and corn are planted in a strip - shaped alternating pattern in the same period. At the 10 - 11 leaf stage of corn, the regulator Ⅰ described in claim 1 is sprayed on the soybean planting strip and the corn planting strip. At the full - pod stage of soybeans, the regulator Ⅱ described in claim 1 is sprayed on the soybean planting strip.

3. The regulation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Band - shaped fertilization is carried out after sowing soybeans and corn. The soybean strip is applied with nitrogen fertilizer equivalent to 1 - 3 kg of pure nitrogen per mu, and the corn strip is applied with nitrogen fertilizer equivalent to 10 - 20 kg of pure nitrogen per mu.

4. The regulation method according to claim 2, wherein The spraying part of the regulator Ⅰ is the surface of the canopy leaves of soybeans and corn, and the spraying amount of the regulator Ⅰ is 20 - 25 L per mu.

5. The regulation method according to claim 2, wherein The spraying part of the regulator Ⅱ is the surface of the canopy leaves of soybeans, and the spraying amount of the regulator Ⅱ is 20 - 25 L per mu.

6. The regulation method according to claim 2, wherein There are 2 - 6 rows of soybeans planted in the soybean planting strip, and the row spacing of soybeans in the soybean planting strip is 0.2 - 0.4 m.

7. The regulation method according to claim 2, wherein There are 2 - 6 rows of corn planted in the corn planting strip, and the row spacing of corn in the corn planting strip is 0.3 - 1.0 m.

8. The regulation method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The distance between the soybean planting strip and the corn planting strip is 0.6 - 0.8 m.

9. The regulation method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that The planting density of soybeans in the soybean planting strip is 6000 - 9000 plants per mu, and the planting density of corn in the corn planting strip is 3500 - 5000 plants per mu.

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