A burdock seedling cutting harvester and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and discloses a sow thistle cutting and harvesting machine and method, which comprises a frame, a main speed reducer arranged on the frame, and a ditching mechanism connected to the main speed reducer through power output shafts on both sides of the main speed reducer; a cutting mechanism is arranged on the frame and corresponds to the front side of the ditching mechanism, and comprises a cutter head, a cutting blade connected to the bottom of the cutter head, and a speed reducer and a pulley cooperating with the power output shaft to realize synchronous work of the cutting blade and the ditching chain cutter, so as to perform ditching and cutting; a soil cleaning mechanism is arranged on the frame and corresponds to the rear side of the ditching mechanism, and comprises a soil blocking frame and a hard brush connected to the soil blocking frame through a driving member; the present application realizes the integration of cutting, ditching and soil cleaning during sow thistle harvesting through the arrangement of the cutting mechanism, the ditching mechanism and the soil cleaning mechanism, thereby facilitating farmers to harvest sow thistle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a sow thistle cutting and harvesting machine and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The traditional sow thistle planting method is as follows: sowing in late autumn, harvesting in summer of the next year, and before sowing, using a rotary cultivator to prepare the soil, and then using a spiral soil loosening machine to make ridges, when making the ridges, a shallow ditch with a row spacing of 700mm-800mm and a width of about 300mm is formed between the ridges, and a field ridge with a width of 400mm-500mm and a height of about 150mm is formed between the ditches. When harvesting, the sow thistle seedlings above the soil layer need to be removed manually, then a deep ditch is dug on one side of the field ridge with a shovel, the upper half of the root is held by hand, and the lower half is separated from the soil by pulling out, and then bundled and loaded into a vehicle. Since the process of manually harvesting sow thistle is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the harvesting season is in summer, the labor intensity is high, and farmers generally harvest in the early morning, but it takes a long time and the efficiency is low.

[0003] Application No. CN105917835A discloses a low-energy-consumption economic root and stem type sow thistle and Chinese yam harvesting machine, which is used for harvesting long root and stem type plants such as sow thistle and Chinese yam. The harvesting machine digs a ditch through a spiral ditch opener, and makes the soil structure collapse step by step through a vibrating plate to leak out the plant roots and stems, so as to realize the harvesting of root and stem type plants such as sow thistle and Chinese yam. However, this scheme has the following defects:

[0004] For sow thistle, the sow thistle seedlings are harvested together, and the sow thistle roots and stems cannot be separated from the sow thistle seedlings during harvesting, so further sow thistle seedling cutting work needs to be added. In addition, the purpose of the vibrating plate is only to make the soil structure collapse step by step to leak out the plant roots and stems, but it cannot effectively separate the sow thistle roots and stems from the soil, and lacks a soil cleaning mechanism. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application aims to provide a sow thistle cutting and harvesting machine and method, which integrates cutting, ditching and soil cleaning in one by setting a cutting mechanism, a ditching mechanism and a soil cleaning mechanism, thereby facilitating farmers to harvest sow thistle.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0007] In a first aspect, a sow thistle cutting and harvesting machine comprises:

[0008] A machine frame is provided with a main reducer, and the main reducer is connected to a ditching mechanism through a power output shaft on both sides.

[0009] The rice seedling cutting mechanism is installed on the frame and corresponds to the ditching mechanism on the front side, and includes a cutter head, the bottom of the cutter head is connected with a cutting blade, the rice seedling cutting mechanism is matched with the power output shaft through a speed reducer and a belt pulley to realize synchronous work of the cutting blade and the ditching chain cutter, and the ditching and rice seedling cutting are performed.

[0010] The soil cleaning mechanism is installed on the frame and corresponds to the ditching mechanism on the rear side, and includes a soil blocking frame, and the soil blocking frame is connected with a hard brush through a driving element.

[0011] As a further implementation, the frame is connected with the power equipment through the three-point suspension frame, and the power input shaft of the main speed reducer is matched with the output shaft of the power equipment.

[0012] As a further implementation, the frame is provided with a fixed bracket mechanism for supporting the ditching mechanism, the rice seedling cutting mechanism and the soil cleaning mechanism, the ditching mechanism includes a sprocket matched with the power output shaft, and the sprocket is matched with a chain with a ditching chain cutter.

[0013] As a further implementation, the ditching mechanism includes a chain fixing plate, the chain fixing plate is obliquely arranged, and rotatable sprockets are arranged at both ends, the ditching chain cutter is arranged on the outer side of the chain, and the first sprocket on the front side is matched with the power output shaft to drive the chain to rotate.

[0014] As a further implementation, the ditching mechanism further includes a spiral soil ejector arranged on the chain fixing plate and matched with the power output shaft, the spiral soil ejector is arranged close to the rice seedling cutting mechanism, and a soil ejector baffle is arranged between the spiral soil ejector and the rice seedling cutting mechanism.

[0015] As a further implementation, the rice seedling cutting mechanism includes a speed reducer, one side of the speed reducer is connected with a belt pulley, the belt pulley is matched with the power output shaft through a belt, and the output end at the bottom of the speed reducer drives the cutting blade to rotate through the cutter head to realize the rice seedling cutting.

[0016] As a further implementation, the soil blocking frame is arranged on the fixed bracket mechanism and above the chain, a plurality of leaf hydraulic motors are arranged above the soil blocking frame in parallel; the leaf hydraulic motors are matched with the hard brush and are used for connecting the hydraulic system of the power equipment to drive the hard brush to work.

[0017] As a further implementation, the soil blocking frame is arranged in the same plane as the chain, and the inclination angle of the soil blocking frame matches the inclination angle of the chain fixing plate.

[0018] As a further implementation, the two rice seedling cutting mechanisms on the front side of the ditching mechanism are oppositely arranged, and the rotating directions of the two cutting blades are opposite.

[0019] In the second aspect, a working method of the burdock cutting and harvesting machine, which adopts any of the burdock cutting and harvesting machines described above, comprises the following steps:

[0020] The harvesting machine is connected with the power equipment through the three-point linkage, connected with the output shaft of the power equipment through the power input shaft of the main reducer, and connected with the hydraulic system of the power equipment through the vane hydraulic motor.

[0021] The power equipment drives the three-point linkage to move to adjust the position of the harvesting machine.

[0022] The power equipment advances and drives the two power output shafts of the main reducer to rotate through the output shaft, thereby driving the cutting mechanism to cut and the ditching mechanism to simultaneously work, and the spiral soil discharger discharges the soil on both sides of the field ridge when ditching.

[0023] The burdock cutting and harvesting machine has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The burdock cutting and harvesting machine has the main reducer power output shaft on the frame, which is simultaneously matched with the cutting mechanism and the ditching mechanism, and the soil cleaning mechanism with the bristle brush is further arranged, so that the cutting, ditching and soil cleaning are integrated during the burdock harvesting, the harvested burdock does not need to be additionally cut, and the farmer can conveniently harvest the burdock.

[0025] 2. The burdock cutting and harvesting machine has the reducer arranged in the cutting mechanism, which can change the power transmission route, control the rotation of the cutting knives on the left and right sides in different directions, control the rotation speed of the cutting knives on the left and right sides, control the rotation linear speed of the cutting knives to be consistent with the advancing speed of the power equipment, and ensure that the burdock is not missed.

[0026] 3. The burdock cutting and harvesting machine has the chain wheel and the ditching chain knife structure arranged in the ditching mechanism, has the spiral soil discharger and the soil discharger baffle arranged in the ditching mechanism, can prevent the soil brought by the ditching chain knife from being discharged to the cutting mechanism, and can discharge the soil to both sides of the field ridge, thereby facilitating the farmer to harvest the burdock.

[0027] 4. The burdock cutting and harvesting machine has the soil blocking frame arranged in the soil cleaning mechanism, which can not only fix the soil cleaning mechanism on the frame, but also block the soil of the ditching mechanism, thereby ensuring the normal work of the soil cleaning mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this description, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application. Embodiments of the application and its equivalents are described and illustrated, but are not meant to be limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0029] Figure 1 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism in the embodiment of the burdock cutting and harvesting machine;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a side view of the rice cutting mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the trenching mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the soil removal mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the burdock vine harvester in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a side view of the burdock vine harvester in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] The diagram exaggerates the spacing or dimensions between parts to show their positions; the diagram is for illustrative purposes only.

[0036] Among them: 1-pulley, 2-reducer, 3-upper cutter head, 4-lower cutter head, 5-cutter blade, 6-spiral soil remover, 7-soil remover baffle, 8-ditching chain cutter, 9-sprocket, 10-chain fixing plate, 11-soil retaining frame, 12-blade hydraulic motor, 13-hard brush, 14-ditching mechanism, 15-soil cleaning mechanism, 16-main reducer, 17-three-point suspension frame, 18-fixed frame mechanism, 19-cutting mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0037] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figures 1-5 As shown, a burdock vine harvester includes a frame with a fixed support mechanism 18 installed on it. This mechanism serves as a support frame for supporting the ditching mechanism, the vine cutting mechanism, and the soil cleaning mechanism. In this embodiment, two sets of the ditching mechanism 14, the vine cutting mechanism 19, and the soil cleaning mechanism 15 are provided to facilitate vine cutting, ditching, and soil cleaning from both sides of the burdock.

[0040] like Figure 5As shown in the figure, the whole structure of the burdock cutting and harvesting machine is shown, and the front side of the frame is close to the top of the middle part, and a three-point suspension frame 17 is installed to facilitate the connection with the power equipment. The frame is provided with a main reducer 16, and the main reducer 16 is arranged at the three-point suspension frame 17. The power input shaft of the main reducer 16 is matched with the power output shaft on both sides, and the power output shaft on both sides is arranged vertically with the power input shaft. The power output shaft is used to provide power for the ditching mechanism 14, the cutting mechanism 19 and the soil cleaning mechanism 15.

[0041] When the harvester is working, the three-point suspension frame 17 of the harvester is fixedly connected with the rear three-point suspension frame of the power equipment through a pin shaft. At the same time, the power input shaft of the main reducer 16 is connected with the output shaft of the power equipment through a cross shaft type universal coupling. The power equipment can realize the rotation of the frame through the three-point suspension frame 17 through the control of the hydraulic system, so as to realize the rotation of the frame relative to the output shaft of the power equipment, and then realize the lifting and lowering of the frame. When working, the frame can be lowered, and when not working, the frame can be lifted to prevent the ditching mechanism 14 from contacting the ground.

[0042] Preferably, the power equipment is selected from a tractor.

[0043] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the ditching mechanism 14 includes a sprocket 9 matched with the power output shaft, and the sprocket 9 is matched with the chain with ditching chain knives 8.

[0044] Specifically, the ditching mechanism 14 includes a chain fixing plate 10, which is installed on both sides of the frame through a fixed bracket mechanism, and the chain fixing plate 10 is inclinedly arranged, and the end of the chain fixing plate in the forward direction of the harvester (i.e. the front end) is higher than the other end (the rear end). The two ends of the chain fixing plate 10 are provided with rotatable sprockets 9, the front end sprocket is a first sprocket, and the rear end sprocket is a second sprocket, wherein the first sprocket is matched with the power output shaft of the main reducer, and the power output shaft can drive the first sprocket to rotate, and the second sprocket is not matched with the power output shaft. The second sprocket acts as a driven wheel and is matched with the first sprocket through a chain, and at the same time, the chain is also installed on the side of the chain fixing plate 10, and the transmission of the chain is not affected by the chain fixing plate 10.

[0045] The outer side of the chain is uniformly arranged with a plurality of ditching chain knives 8, so that when the chain is transmitted, the ditching chain knives 8 break the soil and perform ditching work. The transmission direction of the chain on the two groups of ditching mechanisms 14 in this embodiment is shown, which contacts the soil to open the ditch from the rear end contact surface of the chain, and the transmission direction of the chain moves from the rear end to the front end. Therefore, when ditching, the main reducer 16 needs to ensure that the rotation directions of the two power output shafts are opposite, that is, one rotates clockwise and the other rotates counterclockwise. The two cutting mechanisms 19 are installed on the frame through a fixed bracket mechanism 18 and are correspondingly arranged on the front side of the ditching mechanism to ensure the working order of cutting the burdock first and then ditching.

[0046] In order to prevent the furrow opening chain knife 8 from bringing soil to the cutting mechanism 19 during the furrowing process, affecting the work of the cutting mechanism 19, a spiral soil discharger 6 is arranged on the furrowing mechanism 14, which is located on the chain fixing plate 10 and close to the cutting mechanism 19, and includes a power shaft, which is located on the chain fixing plate on the inner side of the chain, and the power shaft is provided with spiral blades, the power shaft is rotatably connected with the chain fixing plate 10, and the power shaft is matched with the power output shaft of the main reducer through a belt or a gear form to drive the spiral blades of the two spiral soil dischargers 6 to work.

[0047] A soil discharger baffle 7 is arranged between the spiral soil discharger 6 and the cutting mechanism 19, which is installed on the frame and arranged close to the lower side of the spiral soil discharger 6. The soil discharger baffle 7 is located on the outer side of the chain and corresponds to the spiral soil discharger 6, the outer periphery of the spiral blade can extend to the outer side of the chain and there is a set distance between the spiral blade and the soil discharger baffle 7. During the furrowing work, the soil discharger baffle 7 is used to receive the soil brought by the furrow opening chain knife 8, preventing the soil from being discharged to the reducer of the cutting mechanism 19, and the spiral soil discharger 6 discharges the soil to both sides of the frame through the spiral blades.

[0048] In the furrowing mechanism 14 of the embodiment, the chain wheel and the furrow opening chain knife structure are adopted, the furrowing effect is good, and the spiral soil discharger 6 is arranged in the furrowing mechanism 14, which can discharge the soil to both sides of the field ridge, facilitating the farmers to harvest the burdock.

[0049] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 The cutting mechanism 19 is installed on the most front side of the frame through the fixed hanger mechanism 18, and the two cutting mechanisms 19 are arranged on the front side of the furrowing mechanism 14 and symmetrically arranged, the cutting mechanism 19 includes an upper cutter disc 3, the bottom of the upper cutter disc 3 is matched with a lower cutter disc 4, the bottom of the lower cutter disc 4 is connected with a cutting blade 5, the cutting mechanism 19 is matched with the power output shaft through the reducer 2 and the belt wheel 1 to realize the synchronous work of the cutting blade 5 and the furrow opening chain knife 8, and to perform furrowing and cutting, wherein the output end of the reducer 2 is matched with the upper cutter disc 3, the input end is matched with the belt wheel 1 on the outer side, the belt wheel 1 is matched with the driving belt wheel of the power output shaft end of the main reducer through the belt, and finally the cutting blade is rotated to cut the burdock.

[0050] It can be understood that the reducer 2 is arranged in the two cutting mechanisms 19, the two reducers 2 can change the power transmission route, can control the left and right cutting blades to rotate in different directions, and can also control the rotation speed of the cutting blades on both sides, control the rotation linear speed of the cutting blade 5 to be consistent with the advancing speed of the tractor, and can ensure that the burdock seedlings are not missed.

[0051] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the soil cleaning mechanism 15 is installed on the frame and corresponds to the rear side of the ditching mechanism 14, including the soil blocking frame 11, and the hard brush 13 is connected to the soil blocking frame 11 through a driving member to clean the soil around the burdock after ditching.

[0052] Specifically, the soil blocking frame 11 is connected to the fixed bracket mechanism 18 by bolts and is located above the chain, and four parallelly arranged vane hydraulic motors 12 are arranged above the soil blocking frame 11 along the length direction; the vane hydraulic motors 12 are connected to the hard brush 13 through common keys on the outside, and the vane hydraulic motors 12 are used to connect the hydraulic system of the power equipment to drive the hard brush 13 to work. The soil blocking frame 11 is located in the same plane as the chain, and the inclination angle of the soil blocking frame 11 matches the inclination angle of the chain fixing plate 10.

[0053] When the soil cleaning mechanism 15 works, the hydraulic oil from the tractor system enters the four identical vane hydraulic motors 12 through a synchronous hydraulic circuit, and then the vane hydraulic motors 12 rotate to drive the hard brush to rotate, thereby cleaning the soil around the burdock by the rotating hard brush 13, and realizing the soil cleaning function. In the soil cleaning mechanism 15, the soil blocking frame 11 is arranged, which not only can fix the soil cleaning mechanism 15 on the frame, but also can block the soil of the ditching mechanism 14 to ensure the normal work of the soil cleaning mechanism 15.

[0054] The main reducer 16 of the embodiment is different from the reducer 2 of the seedling cutting mechanism, which reduces the rotating speed of the tractor output shaft and increases the torque, changes the power output direction and distributes the power to the shafts on both sides.

[0055] The three-point linkage 17 is responsible for connecting with the rear three-point linkage of the tractor through a pin shaft, fixing the burdock harvester and the tractor, so that the output shaft of the tractor transmits power to the burdock harvester.

[0056] The fixed bracket mechanism 18 is responsible for connecting the ditching mechanism, the soil cleaning mechanism, the seedling cutting mechanism, the main reducer and the three-point linkage, and ensuring the integration of the whole machine.

[0057] Embodiment two

[0058] A working method of a burdock seedling cutting harvester, which adopts the burdock seedling cutting harvester in embodiment one, and includes the following steps:

[0059] The harvester is connected with the power equipment through the three-point linkage 17, the power input shaft of the main reducer 16 is connected with the output shaft of the power equipment, and the soil cleaning mechanism 15 is connected with the hydraulic system of the power equipment through the vane hydraulic motor.

[0060] The power equipment drives the three-point linkage to move to realize the position adjustment of the harvester, and in the working process, the harvester is lowered so that the bottom of the ditching mechanism 14 contacts the soil.

[0061] The power equipment advances, and drives the two power output shafts of the main reducer 16 to rotate through the output shaft, and further drives the synchronous work of the cutting mechanism 19 to cut the stem and the ditching mechanism 14 to open the ditch, and the spiral soil discharger 6 discharges the soil on both sides of the ridge when the ditch is opened; the power equipment rotates the hard brush 13 to clean the soil around the burdock through the hydraulic system control, and realizes the soil cleaning function.

[0062] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A burdock vine harvester, characterized in that, include: The frame is equipped with a main reducer, and the two sides of the main reducer are connected to the trenching mechanism through power output shafts. The trenching mechanism includes a chain fixing plate, which is inclined and has rotatable sprockets at both ends. The trenching chain cutter is located on the outside of the chain, and the first sprocket on the front side cooperates with the power output shaft to drive the chain to rotate. The seedling cutting mechanism is mounted on the frame and positioned in front of the ditching mechanism. It includes a cutter disc with cutting blades connected to the bottom of the disc. The seedling cutting mechanism works in conjunction with the power output shaft via a reducer and a pulley to achieve synchronous operation of the cutting blades and the ditching chain cutter for ditching and seedling cutting. The seedling cutting mechanism includes a reducer with a pulley connected to one side. The pulley works in conjunction with the power output shaft via a belt. The output end at the bottom of the reducer drives the cutting blades to rotate through the cutter disc to achieve seedling cutting. The soil clearing mechanism is installed on the frame and correspondingly located behind the trenching mechanism. It includes a retaining frame, on which a hard brush is connected via a drive component. The retaining frame is mounted on a fixed frame mechanism and located above the chain. Several parallel-arranged blade hydraulic motors are provided above the retaining frame. The blade hydraulic motors cooperate with the hard brush and are used to connect to the hydraulic system of the power equipment to drive the hard brush to work.

2. The burdock vine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame is provided with a three-point suspension frame at the middle of the front side. The frame is connected to the power equipment through the three-point suspension frame, and the power input shaft of the main reducer is matched with the output shaft of the power equipment.

3. The burdock vine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame is equipped with a fixed support mechanism, which supports the ditching mechanism, the seedling cutting mechanism and the soil cleaning mechanism. The ditching mechanism includes a sprocket that cooperates with the power output shaft, and the sprocket cooperates with a chain with ditching chain blades.

4. A burdock vine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trenching mechanism also includes a spiral soil discharge device, which is mounted on the chain fixing plate and cooperates with the power output shaft. The spiral soil discharge device is located close to the rice cutting mechanism, and a soil discharge device baffle is provided between the spiral soil discharge device and the rice cutting mechanism.

5. A burdock vine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retaining frame and the chain are located on the same plane, and the tilt angle of the retaining frame matches the tilt angle of the chain fixing plate.

6. A burdock vine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two cutting mechanisms on the front side of the trenching mechanism are arranged opposite each other, and the two cutting blades rotate in opposite directions.

7. A working method for a burdock vine harvester, characterized in that, The burdock vine harvester as described in any one of claims 1-6 comprises the following steps: The harvester is connected to the power equipment via a three-point suspension frame and to the output shaft of the power equipment via the power input shaft of the main reducer. The soil cleaning mechanism is connected to the hydraulic system of the power equipment via a blade hydraulic motor. The power unit uses a hydraulic system to drive the three-point suspension frame to adjust the position of the harvester; The power unit moves forward and drives the two power output shafts of the main reducer to rotate through the output shaft, thereby driving the rice cutting mechanism to cut rice and the ditching mechanism to ditch synchronously. The spiral soil discharger discharges the soil from the ditch to both sides of the field ridge. The power unit controls the hard brush to rotate and clean the soil around the burdock through the hydraulic system.

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