An oil medium assisted laser processing apparatus and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of laser processing, and particularly discloses an oil medium assisted laser processing device and method, which comprises an oil medium circulating mechanism, a clamp unit and a base; the clamp unit is provided with a through groove; the clamp unit is connected with the base; the through groove and the top end of the base form a flow channel; the flow channel is communicated with the oil medium circulating mechanism; the clamp unit further comprises a lens; during processing, the oil medium enters the flow channel through the oil medium circulating mechanism, and then flows into the oil medium circulating mechanism from the flow channel, so that the oil medium is recycled; a laser beam is focused on the surface of a workpiece through the lens of the clamp unit and the oil medium in the flow channel, and processing is completed; the application solves the problem that, when a laser processing device in the prior art uses water as a liquid medium to assist laser processing, more bubbles are generated, thereby interfering with the stability of laser processing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to an oil medium assisted laser processing device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Laser processing is to focus the light beam on the material surface by using a lens, and to melt, vaporize or decompose the material through photo-thermal effect to realize material removal. Compared with traditional processing technology, laser processing belongs to non-contact processing, has small heat affected zone, high processing flexibility and other advantages, and can complete some processes that cannot be realized by conventional methods. Common laser processing methods include drilling, cutting, ablation, lithography, etc., and have irreplaceable role in the fields of automobile, electronics, aviation, etc.

[0003] When laser is processed in air, it removes material by relying on thermal effect, which produces a large range of heat affected zone, thereby affecting the stress distribution of the processing range, leading to the generation of defects such as molten material and cracks, reducing the precision of laser processing, and directly affecting the strength and fatigue life of the material.

[0004] Laser processing can also be carried out in liquid medium. In liquid medium assisted laser processing, the liquid medium can play a role of cooling and isolation, reduce the heat affected range of laser processing, and can prevent the molten material from re-sticking together. In addition, laser interacts with material in solution medium to produce cavitation phenomenon and heat flow to cause liquid medium flow, which helps to discharge the molten chips. However, the conventional liquid medium such as water will produce more bubbles when assisting laser processing, which will scatter and refract the laser beam, reduce the energy of the laser and produce white light continuous phenomenon, seriously interfere with the stability and controllability of laser processing. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the technical problem that the laser processing device using water as liquid medium to assist laser processing will produce more bubbles and interfere with the stability of laser processing, the present application provides an oil medium assisted laser processing device and method.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] An oil medium assisted laser processing device, comprising an oil medium circulation mechanism and a special flow channel clamp mechanism; the oil medium circulation mechanism comprises an oil storage tank, an oil pump and a vacuum degassing unit, the oil storage tank is in communication with the oil pump and the vacuum degassing unit; the special flow channel clamp mechanism comprises a clamp unit and a base, the clamp unit comprises a clamp fixed plate, a lens, a clamp body and a gasket, the clamp body is provided with a through groove and a light inlet hole, the light inlet hole is in communication with the through groove, the clamp body is detachably connected with the clamp fixed plate and the base, the through groove and the top end of the base form a flow channel, the flow channel is in communication with the oil pump and the vacuum degassing unit; the gasket is fixed in the light inlet hole, the lens is fixed on the gasket, the bottom end of the clamp fixed plate penetrates through the light inlet hole and abuts against the lens, the clamp fixed plate is provided with a light transmission hole, and the lens corresponds to the light transmission hole; the base is provided with a workpiece groove, and the workpiece groove is in communication with the through groove.

[0008] Further, the oil medium is a transparent oil medium, and the viscosity is 4-10mm 2 / s, and the boiling point is 100-300℃.

[0009] Further, a clamp sealing ring is further included, the bottom end of the clamp fixed plate is provided with a clamp sealing groove in an annular shape, the clamp sealing ring is fixed in the clamp sealing groove and abuts against the surface of the light inlet hole.

[0010] Further, a base sealing ring is further included, the top surface of the base is provided with a base sealing groove in an annular shape, the through groove is located on the inner side of the base sealing groove, the base sealing ring is fixed in the base sealing groove and abuts against the bottom surface of the clamp fixed plate.

[0011] Further, a filter is further included, and the filter is connected with the flow channel and the vacuum degassing unit.

[0012] Further, a flow meter is further included, and the flow meter is connected with the oil pump and the flow channel.

[0013] Further, a flow control valve is further included, and the flow control valve is connected with the oil pump and the flow meter.

[0014] A processing method of an oil medium assisted laser processing device, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step one: before processing, install the workpiece in the workpiece groove of the base, select a suitable height gasket, fix it in the light inlet hole, and then connect the clamp body with the base to form the flow channel; the flow channel is in communication with the oil pump and the vacuum degassing unit, and the oil pump and the vacuum degassing unit are both in communication with the oil storage tank, thereby forming an oil medium circulation loop;

[0016] Step 2: Start and keep the oily medium running in the oily medium circulation loop for 3-5 minutes to remove the air in the circulation loop;

[0017] Step 3: Turn on the laser processing equipment and let the laser emitted by the laser processing equipment process according to the set route; during the laser processing process, the vacuum degassing unit is always in working state to maintain a low solubility rate of gas in the oily medium;

[0018] Step 4: After the processing is completed, first turn off the laser processing equipment, and then turn off the oil pump and the vacuum degassing unit;

[0019] Step 5: Take out the workpiece and scrub it with gasoline, then put absorbent paper on it to further absorb the oily medium;

[0020] Step 6: Repeatedly absorb the oily medium with absorbent paper and then clean the workpiece with alcohol.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] 1. The present invention uses an oily medium with a high boiling point and low gas solubility rate to assist laser processing. The vacuum degassing unit exhausts oxygen from the device and exhaust gases from processing, significantly reducing the generation of bubbles. At the same time, the circulating oily medium promptly removes bubbles generated by laser processing, thereby reducing the shielding effect of bubbles on the laser and improving processing quality. This solves the problem of a large number of bubbles being generated when laser processing equipment uses water as the liquid medium to assist laser processing, thereby interfering with the stability of laser processing.

[0023] 2. The present invention adopts a flow control valve and a flow meter to adjust the flow rate. The thickness of the oily medium can also be changed by replacing gaskets of different thicknesses to meet different processing requirements, which is conducive to the realization of engineering applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an oily medium assisted laser processing device in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle fixture unit;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the specific structure of the middle clip;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle fixture fixing plate;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle base;

[0029] Figure 6 For Figure 1 the cross-sectional view of the special flow channel clamp mechanism;

[0030] Wherein, 1-clip body, 2-clamp fixed plate, 3-base, 4-laser beam, 5-tube joint, 6-lens, 7-clamp sealing ring, 8-workpiece, 9-base sealing ring, 10-oil tank, 11-oily pump, 12-flow control valve, 13-flow meter, 14-workpiece groove, 15-clamp sealing groove, 16-base sealing groove, 17-threaded hole, 18-first through hole, 19-flow channel, 20-second through hole, 21-filter, 22-vacuum degassing unit, 23-gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to deepen the understanding of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and examples, which are only used to explain the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present application.

[0032] Example one:

[0033] An oily medium assisted laser processing device, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , comprising an oily medium circulating mechanism and a special flow channel clamp mechanism; the oily medium circulating mechanism comprises an oil tank 10, an oily pump 11 and a vacuum degassing unit 22, the oil tank 10 is in communication with the oily pump 11 and the vacuum degassing unit 22; the special flow channel clamp mechanism comprises a clamp unit and a base 3, the clamp unit comprises a clamp fixed plate 2, a lens 6, a clip body 1 and a gasket 23, the clip body 1 is provided with a through groove and a light inlet hole, the light inlet hole is in communication with the through groove, the clip body 1 is detachably connected with the clamp fixed plate 2 and the base 3, the through groove and the top end of the base 3 constitute a flow channel 19, the flow channel 19 is in communication with the oily pump 11 and the vacuum degassing unit 22; the gasket 23 is fixed in the light inlet hole, the lens 6 is fixed on the gasket 23, the bottom end of the clamp fixed plate 2 passes through the light inlet hole and abuts against the lens 6, the clamp fixed plate 2 is provided with a light transmission hole, and the lens 6 corresponds to the light transmission hole; the base 3 is provided with a workpiece groove 14, and the workpiece groove 14 is in communication with the through groove.

[0034] The first connecting pipe is arranged between the oil storage tank 10 and the oil inlet of the oil pump 11, the oil storage tank 10 and the oil inlet of the oil pump 11 are communicated through the first connecting pipe, the pipe joint 5 is fixedly installed at both ends of the flow channel 19, the second connecting pipe is arranged between the oil outlet of the oil pump 11 and the pipe joint 5, the oil outlet of the oil pump 11 and the flow channel 19 are communicated through the pipe joint 5 and the second connecting pipe, the third connecting pipe is arranged between the other pipe joint 5 of the flow channel 19 and the vacuum degassing unit 22, the flow channel 19 and the vacuum degassing unit 22 are communicated through the other pipe joint 5 and the third connecting pipe, the fourth connecting pipe is arranged between the vacuum degassing unit 22 and the oil storage tank 10, the vacuum degassing unit 22 and the oil storage tank 10 are communicated through the fourth connecting pipe, when the workpiece 8 is machined, the worker first puts the workpiece 8 into the workpiece groove 14, then fixes the clamping body 1 to the top end of the base 3, starts the oil pump 11, the oil pump 11 sucks the oil medium in the oil storage tank 10 through the first connecting pipe, and sends the oil medium into the flow channel 19 through the second connecting pipe and the pipe joint 5, the oil medium flows in the flow channel 19 and contacts the surface of the workpiece 8, then enters the vacuum degassing unit 22 through the other pipe joint 5, after the oil medium is degassed through the vacuum degassing unit 22, the oil medium enters the oil storage tank 10, thereby forming the circulating flow of the oil medium, then the worker starts the laser processing equipment to emit the laser beam 4 to the lens 6, the laser beam 4 passes through the lens 6 and the oil medium to machine the workpiece 8, the clamping body 1 is provided with the threaded hole 17 and the first through hole 18, the clamping body 1 is detachably connected with the clamp fixing plate 2 through the threaded hole 17 and the bolt, that is, the clamping body 1 and the clamp fixing plate 2 are fixed through the threaded connection of the bolt, the clamping body 1 is detachably connected with the base 3 through the first through hole 18 and the bolt, that is, the bolt is threadedly connected with the base 3 through the first through hole 18, thereby forming the threaded connection and fixation of the clamping body 1 and the base 3, the gasket 23 and the clamp fixing plate 2 can be fixed through the threaded connection of at least three bolts, so that the liquid level of the oil medium above the workpiece groove 14 is adjusted by replacing the gasket 23 with different thickness, the workpiece groove 14 is located directly below the light inlet hole, and the range of the liquid level is 1-10mm.

[0035] The oil medium is transparent oil medium, and the viscosity is 4-10mm 2 / s, and the boiling point is 100-300℃.

[0036] The oil medium is transparent oil medium, and the viscosity is 4-10mm 2 / s, and the boiling point is 100-300℃, which can ensure the machining quality of the laser beam 4 to the workpiece 8.

[0037] As Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, the clamp sealing ring 7 is arranged in the clamp sealing groove 15 on the bottom end of the clamp fixing plate 2 and abuts against the light inlet hole surface.

[0038] The clamp sealing ring 7 and the clamp sealing groove 15 can seal the bottom end of the clamp fixing plate 2 and the light inlet hole, avoiding the oil medium overflowing from the light inlet hole.

[0039] As shown in the figure, Figure 6 The base sealing ring 9 is arranged in the base sealing groove 16 on the top surface of the base 3 and abuts against the bottom surface of the clamp fixing plate 2.

[0040] The base sealing ring 9 and the base sealing groove 16 can seal the base 3 and the clamp body 1, preventing the oil medium in the flow channel 19 from leaking from the gap between the base 3 and the clamp body 1.

[0041] As shown in the figure, Figure 1 The filter 21 is connected between the flow channel 19 and the vacuum degassing unit 22.

[0042] The filter 21 is fixedly arranged on the third connecting pipe and communicates between the flow channel 19 and the vacuum degassing unit 22 through the third connecting pipe. The filter 21 can filter the debris generated by the machining of the workpiece 8 in the oil medium, improve the cleanliness of the oil medium, reduce the accumulation of debris in other parts, and avoid the blockage of the oil medium circulation.

[0043] As shown in the figure, Figure 1 The flow meter 13 is connected between the oil pump 11 and the flow channel 19.

[0044] The flow meter 13 is fixedly arranged on the second connecting pipe and communicates between the oil pump 11 and the flow channel 19 through the second connecting pipe. The flow meter 13 can monitor the flow of the oil medium entering the flow channel 19, so that the staff can know the flow state of the oil medium in time.

[0045] As shown in the figure, Figure 1 The flow control valve 12 is connected between the oil pump and the flow meter.

[0046] The flow control valve 12 is fixedly arranged on the second connecting pipe and communicates the oil pump 11 and the flow meter 13 through the second connecting pipe. The flow control valve 12 can control the flow of the oil medium entering the flow channel 19 and can be used together with the flow meter 13 to facilitate the staff to adjust the flow of the oil medium entering the flow channel 19.

[0047] Embodiment two:

[0048] A processing method of an oil medium assisted laser processing device, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0049] Step one: before processing, install the workpiece 8 in the workpiece groove 14 of the base 3, select a suitable height gasket 23, fix it in the light inlet hole, then fix the lens 6 to the top end of the gasket 23, and then fix the clamp fixing plate 2 and the clamp body 1 through at least four bolts, the bottom end of the clamp fixing plate 2 abuts against the lens 6, and then fix the clamp body 1 and the base 3 through at least four bolts to form a flow channel 19; the flow channel 19 communicates the oil pump 11 and the vacuum degassing unit 22, and the oil pump 11 and the vacuum degassing unit 22 are both communicated with the oil storage tank 10, thereby forming an oil medium circulating loop;

[0050] Step two: turn on and keep the oil medium running in the oil medium circulating loop for 3-5 minutes to remove the air in the circulating loop;

[0051] Step three: turn on the laser processing equipment, and let the laser emitted by the laser processing equipment process according to the set route; during the laser processing, the vacuum degassing unit 22 is always in working state to keep the low solubility of gas in the oil medium;

[0052] Step four: after processing, first turn off the laser processing equipment, and then turn off the oil pump 11 and the vacuum degassing unit 22;

[0053] Step five: take out the workpiece 8 and clean it with a gasoline brush, and then use the absorbent paper to further absorb the oil medium;

[0054] Step six: after repeatedly absorbing the oil medium with the absorbent paper for many times, clean the workpiece 8 with alcohol.

[0055] The above embodiments should not limit the present application in any way, and any technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent conversion fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An oil medium-assisted laser processing apparatus characterized by comprising: The oil medium circulation mechanism and the special flow channel clamp mechanism are included. The oil medium circulation mechanism includes an oil storage tank, an oil pump and a vacuum degassing unit, and the oil storage tank is communicated with the oil pump and the vacuum degassing unit. The special flow channel clamp mechanism includes a clamp unit and a base, the clamp unit includes a clamp fixing plate, a lens, a clamp body and a gasket, the clamp body is provided with a through groove and a light inlet hole, the light inlet hole is communicated with the through groove, the clamp body is detachably connected with the clamp fixing plate and the base, the through groove and the top end of the base form a flow channel, and the flow channel is communicated with the oil pump and the vacuum degassing unit. The gasket is fixed in the light inlet hole, the lens is fixed on the gasket, the bottom end of the clamp fixing plate penetrates through the light inlet hole and abuts against the lens, the clamp fixing plate is provided with a light transmission hole, and the lens corresponds to the light transmission hole. The oily medium is a transparent oily medium, and has a viscosity of 4-10 mm 2 / s, and a boiling point of 100-300°C. The base is provided with a workpiece groove, and the workpiece groove is communicated with the through groove.

2. The oil medium-assisted laser processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: A filter is further included and connected with the flow channel and the vacuum degassing unit.

3. The oil medium-assisted laser processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: A clamp sealing ring is further included, the bottom end of the clamp fixing plate is provided with a clamp sealing groove in the form of a ring, the clamp sealing ring is fixed in the clamp sealing groove and abuts against the surface of the light inlet hole.

4. The oil medium-assisted laser processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: A base sealing ring is further included, the top surface of the base is provided with a base sealing groove in the form of a ring, the through groove is located on the inner side of the base sealing groove, the base sealing ring is fixed in the base sealing groove and abuts against the bottom surface of the clamp fixing plate.

5. The oil medium assisted laser processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: A flow meter is further included and connected with the oil pump and the flow channel. A flow control valve is further included and connected with the oil pump and the flow meter.

6. The processing method of the oil medium auxiliary laser processing device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Specifically comprising the following steps: Step one: before processing, install the workpiece in the workpiece groove of the base, select the gasket with appropriate height, fix it in the light inlet hole, and then connect the clamp body with the base to form the flow channel; the flow channel is communicated with the oil pump and the vacuum degassing unit, and the oil pump and the vacuum degassing unit are both communicated with the oil storage tank, thereby forming an oil medium circulation loop; Step two: start and keep the oil medium running in the oil medium circulation loop for 3-5 minutes to remove the air in the circulation loop; Step three: turn on the laser processing equipment, and let the laser emitted by the laser processing equipment process according to the set route; during the laser processing, the vacuum degassing unit is always in working state to keep the low solubility of gas in the oil medium; Step four: after processing, first turn off the laser processing equipment, and then turn off the oil pump and the vacuum degassing unit; Step five: take out the workpiece, wash it with a gasoline brush, and then use the absorbent paper to further absorb the oil medium; Step six: after repeatedly absorbing the oil medium with the absorbent paper for multiple times, clean the workpiece with alcohol.

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