Small-caliber ammunition full electronic fuse

Abstract

The application discloses a small-caliber ammunition full-electronic fuse, and relates to the technical field of full-electronic fuses; the small-caliber ammunition full-electronic fuse comprises an EMI module, an isolation power module, a voltage conversion module, a sensor module, a safety control module, a high-voltage conversion module, a detonation module and a detonator assembly; the isolation power module comprises a PWM controller, the PWM controller is powered by V1, an energy storage inductor, a first isolation capacitor and a second isolation capacitor; the energy storage inductor is connected with the PWM controller output end; the energy storage inductor is connected with the first isolation capacitor; the second isolation capacitor is connected with the PWM generator ground end. Compared with the isolation power module in the prior art, the application has the advantages that the capacitor isolation does not generate heat, the energy transmission efficiency is high, the power supply manufacturing efficiency is high, the power of the isolation power module reaches 3W, the volume is reduced to 1cm 3 , and the volume is reduced to 10% of the volume of the product in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of all-electronic fuse technology, and more particularly to an all-electronic fuse for small-caliber ammunition. Background Technology

[0002] Future warfare demands increasingly higher reliability and safety from fuze systems. Inline fuzes, compared to traditional mechanical fuzes, utilize insensitive explosives instead of more sensitive detonators and employ high-voltage pulse power technology. They can be directly inserted into the main charge without any complex isolation components, thus fundamentally improving safety during processing and handling, and enabling reliable operation in strong electromagnetic environments. All-electronic safety fuzes are an emerging technology applied to military equipment fuzes. Due to their large size, they are currently only used in some large-caliber munitions. The size of all-electronic safety fuzes makes them difficult to fit into the requirements of small-caliber ammunition fuzes, thus greatly limiting their development in the field of military equipment.

[0003] Small-diameter all-electronic fuses are required to be φ30×50mm in size and meet the electromagnetic compatibility requirements of GJB151. They include an EMI filter module, an isolation DC-DC module, a safety control module, a high-voltage conversion and detonation module, an impact detonator, and a high-voltage connector.

[0004] The existing EMI filter module measures 25.4×25.4×16cm. 3 The power isolation module measures 25.4×25.4×12cm, while the power conversion module, safety control module, high-voltage conversion module, and high-voltage detonation module are φ35mm×25mm in size. The impact detonator assembly and connectors are φ12mm×23mm, which is insufficient to meet the size requirements of a fully electronic fuse for small-caliber ammunition.

[0005] A search revealed a Chinese patent application, CN109405677A, which discloses a fully electronic safety fuze. This fuze is divided into different functional modules, allowing for the replacement of any unsuitable modules during factory testing, achieving a miniaturized φ35mm×25mm design. However, the aforementioned patent's fully electronic safety fuze has the following shortcomings: the system does not consider electromagnetic compatibility and power module isolation requirements; furthermore, the detonator assembly occupies a significant portion of the fuze's length, failing to meet the requirements of small-caliber ammunition.

[0006] In addition, the patent with the patent application publication number CN107478112A discloses a high-reliability inline fuze and a control method thereof, which comprises a safety control assembly, a high-voltage initiation assembly and a pulse discharge circuit, and the safety control assembly is connected with two groups of high-voltage initiation assemblies in parallel. Through the double-redundancy design, the overall reliability of the inline fuze is improved. However, the inline fuze has a large size, and it is difficult to adapt to the size requirement of the fuze for small-caliber ammunition. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide a small-caliber ammunition full-electronic fuze.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A small-caliber ammunition full-electronic fuze comprises an EMI module, an isolated power supply module, a voltage conversion module, a sensor module, a safety control module, a high-voltage conversion module, an initiation module and a detonator assembly. The isolated power supply module comprises:

[0010] A PWM controller is powered by V1.

[0011] An energy storage inductor is connected to the output end of the PWM controller.

[0012] A first isolation capacitor is connected to the energy storage inductor.

[0013] A second isolation capacitor is connected to the ground end of the PWM generator.

[0014] A Schottky rectifier bridge is connected to the input end of the first isolation capacitor and the second isolation capacitor. The output end of the Schottky rectifier bridge is connected in parallel with a filter capacitor, a resistance divider and a load resistor to generate an isolated output voltage V2.

[0015] The resistance divider is connected with an optocoupler isolation feedback device, and the optocoupler isolation feedback device is connected to the duty cycle modulation port of the PWM controller. The first isolation capacitor is connected in series with the energy storage inductor to reduce the capacity of the isolation capacitor and reduce the ΔI / Δt of the charging and discharging of the isolation capacitor.

[0016] Further, the high-voltage conversion module comprises a PWM dynamic driver, a SW1 static switch, a SW2 static switch, a pulse transformer, a high-voltage rectifier and an optocoupler isolation feedback circuit, and the high-voltage output is isolated from the input power supply.

[0017] Further, the high-voltage conversion module, the initiation module and the detonator assembly are designed in an integrated manner and are packaged in a 3D structure through a flexible printed board.

[0018] Further, the size of the small-caliber ammunition full-electronic fuze is φ30mm*50mm.

[0019] Further, the PWM controller of the power supply comprises a push-pull output circuit, and meets the requirements of the isolation capacitor and charging and discharging of the isolation capacitor.

[0020] Further, the power of the isolation power supply module is 0-3W, and the volume is 1cm 3 The average current-carrying capacity of the push-pull circuit is -0.5A-0.5A, and the PWM frequency is 50kHz-200kHz.

[0021] Further, the first isolation capacitor is 100V-500V, 0.1uF-0.5uF; the second isolation capacitor is 100V-500V, 10nF-100nF; and the energy storage inductor is 1uH-10uH.

[0022] Further, the packaging size of the high-voltage conversion module, the detonation module and the detonator assembly after 3D structure packaging through the flexible printed board is φ30mm*22mm.

[0023] The present application has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. Compared with the prior art isolation power supply module, the advantages of the present application are that the capacitor isolation does not generate heat, the energy transmission efficiency is high, and the power supply manufacturing efficiency is high; the power of the isolation power supply module reaches 3W, and the volume is reduced to 1cm 3 , and the volume is reduced to 10% of the prior art product.

[0025] 2. Compared with the prior art EMI module, the power of the module reaches 3W, and the volume is reduced to 2cm 3 , and the volume is reduced to 25% of the prior art product; the main electromagnetic interference of the full-electronic fuze is derived from the isolation power supply module; the isolation power supply of the present application greatly reduces the electromagnetic interference generated by the isolation power supply, thereby reducing the filtering requirements of the EMI module and reducing the volume of the EMI.

[0026] 3. The high-voltage conversion module of the present application realizes electrical isolation inside, and has short working time and low electromagnetic emission level, and does not need to pass through the EMI filter to meet the requirements of GJB151, so that the current-carrying capacity of the EMI is reduced from 1A to 0.2A, thereby the volume of the EMI module can be greatly reduced.

[0027] 4. The high-voltage conversion module of the present application comprises a PWM dynamic driver, a SW1 static switch, a SW2 static switch, a pulse transformer, a high-voltage rectifier and an optocoupler isolation feedback circuit, and the high-voltage output is isolated from the input power supply.

[0028] 5. The high-voltage conversion module, the detonation module, and the detonator assembly of the present application are designed in an integrated manner, and are packaged in a 3D structure using a flexible printed board, so that the packaging size is reduced to φ30mm x 22mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a small-caliber ammunition full-electronic fuze is provided in the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an isolated power module circuit of a small-caliber ammunition full-electronic fuze is provided in the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of current flow during capacitor charging of an isolated power module of a small-caliber ammunition full-electronic fuze is provided in the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of current flow during capacitor discharging of an isolated power module of a small-caliber ammunition full-electronic fuze is provided in the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a high-voltage conversion module circuit of a small-caliber ammunition full-electronic fuze is provided in the present application.

[0034] In the figure: 1 - PWM controller, 2 - energy storage inductor, 3 - first isolation capacitor, 4 - second isolation capacitor, 5 - Schottky rectifier bridge, 6 - filter capacitor, 7 - resistance voltage divider, 8 - optocoupler isolation feedback, 9 - load resistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0036] Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0037] A small-caliber ammunition full-electronic fuze, as shown in Figures 1-5 includes an EMI module, an isolated power module, a voltage conversion module, a sensor module, a safety control module, a high-voltage conversion module, a detonation module, and a detonator assembly; wherein the isolated power module includes:

[0038] a PWM controller 1, the PWM controller 1 being powered by V1;

[0039] an energy storage inductor 2, the output end of the PWM controller 1 being connected to the energy storage inductor 2;

[0040] The first isolation capacitor 3 is connected with the energy storage inductor 2;

[0041] The second isolation capacitor 4 is connected with the ground terminal of the PWM generator 1;

[0042] The Schottky rectifier bridge 5 is connected with the input terminals of the first isolation capacitor 3 and the second isolation capacitor 4 respectively; the output terminals of the Schottky rectifier bridge 5 are connected with the filter capacitor 6, the resistance voltage divider 7 and the load resistor 9 in parallel, so as to generate the isolation output voltage V2;

[0043] The resistance voltage divider 7 is connected with the opto-isolator feedback device 8, and the opto-isolator feedback device 8 is connected with the duty cycle modulation port of the PWM controller 1; the first isolation capacitor 3 is connected with the energy storage inductor 2 in series, so as to reduce the capacity of the isolation capacitor 3 and reduce the ΔI / Δt of the charge and discharge of the isolation capacitor 3.

[0044] The size of the small-caliber ammunition full electronic fuze is φ30mm*50mm, which meets the requirements of the small-caliber ammunition full electronic fuze and the electromagnetic compatibility requirements of GJB151.

[0045] The circuit principle of the isolation power supply module of the application is shown in Figure 2 The current path when the first isolation capacitor and the second isolation capacitor charge and discharge is shown in Figure 3 、 Figure 4 The advantages of the application are that the capacitor isolation does not generate heat, the energy transmission efficiency is high, the power supply manufacturing efficiency is high, the volume of the isolation power supply module is reduced to 1cm3, and the volume is reduced to 10% of the prior art product.

[0046] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the PWM controller 1 of the power supply contains a push-pull output circuit, which meets the charge and discharge requirements of the isolation capacitor 3 and the isolation capacitor 4, and the opto-isolator feedback device, the first isolation capacitor and the second isolation capacitor are used to isolate the power supply V2 and V1.

[0047] The power of the EMI module of the application reaches 3W, and the volume is reduced to 2cm 3 , and the volume is reduced to 25% of the prior art product; the isolation power supply of the application greatly reduces the electromagnetic interference generated by the isolation power supply, thereby reducing the filtering requirements of the EMI module and reducing the volume of the EMI. The high-voltage conversion module of the application realizes electrical isolation, has a short working time, a low electromagnetic emission level, and does not need to pass through the EMI filter to meet the requirements of GJB151, so that the current-carrying capacity of the EMI is reduced from 1A to 0.2A, thereby the volume of the EMI module can be greatly reduced.

[0048] As shown in Figure 5As shown, the high-voltage conversion module comprises a PWM dynamic driver, a SW1 static switch, a SW2 static switch, a pulse transformer, a high-voltage rectifier, and an optocoupler isolation feedback circuit, and the high-voltage output is isolated from the input power supply.

[0049] The high-voltage conversion module is electrically isolated, has a short working time, and low electromagnetic emission level, and can meet the requirements of GJB151 electromagnetic compatibility without filtering through an EMI module.

[0050] The high-voltage conversion module, the detonation module, and the detonator assembly are integrally designed and are 3D structure packaged through a flexible printed board.

[0051] The packaging size of the high-voltage conversion module, the detonation module, and the detonator assembly after 3D structure packaging through the flexible printed board is φ30mm x 22mm.

[0052] The power of the isolation power supply module is 0-3W, the volume is 1cm 3 , the average current carrying capacity of the push-pull circuit is -0.5A-0.5A, and the PWM frequency is 50kHz-200kHz.

[0053] The power supply uses an energy storage inductor 2, a first isolation capacitor 3, and a second isolation capacitor 4 to realize the functions of V1 and V2 electrical isolation and energy coupling transmission.

[0054] The first isolation capacitor 3 is 100V-500V, 0.1μF-0.5μF, the second isolation capacitor 4 is 100V-500V, 10nF-100nF, and the energy storage inductor is 1μH-10μH.

[0055] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A small-caliber ammunition full-electronic fuze, characterized in that, The application relates to a small-caliber ammunition full-electronic fuse. The EMI module, the isolation power module, the voltage conversion module, the sensor module, the safety control module, the high-voltage conversion module, the detonation module and the detonator assembly are integrated. The PWM controller is powered by V1. The energy storage inductor is connected to the output end of the PWM controller. The first isolation capacitor is connected to the energy storage inductor. The second isolation capacitor is connected to the ground end of the PWM generator. The Schottky rectifier bridge is connected to the input end of the first isolation capacitor and the second isolation capacitor. The resistance divider is connected to the optocoupler isolation feedback device, and the optocoupler isolation feedback device is connected to the duty cycle modulation port of the PWM controller.

2. The all-electronic fuze for small-caliber ammunition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first isolation capacitor is connected in series with the energy storage inductor to reduce the capacity of the isolation capacitor and the delta I / delta t of the charging and discharging of the isolation capacitor.

3. The all-electronic fuze for small-caliber ammunition according to claim 2, characterized in that, The high-voltage conversion module comprises a PWM dynamic driver, a SW1 static switch, a SW2 static switch, a pulse transformer, a high-voltage rectifier and an optocoupler isolation feedback circuit.

4. The all-electronic fuze for small-caliber ammunition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage conversion module, the detonation module and the detonator assembly are integrally designed and are packaged in a 3D structure through a flexible printed board.

5. The all-electronic fuze for small-caliber ammunition according to claim 2, characterized in that, The size of the small-caliber ammunition full-electronic fuse is phi 30mm*50mm.

6. The all-electronic fuze for small-caliber ammunition according to claim 5, characterized in that, The isolated power module power is 0-3W, volume is 1cm 3 , push-pull output circuit average current capacity -0.5A-0.5A, PWM frequency 50kHz-200kHz.

7. The all-electronic fuze for small-caliber ammunition according to claim 6, characterized in that, The PWM controller of the isolation power module comprises a push-pull output circuit, which meets the charging and discharging requirements of the first isolation capacitor and the second isolation capacitor.

8. The all-electronic fuze for small-caliber ammunition according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first isolation capacitor is 100V-500V, 0.1muF-0.5muF; the second isolation capacitor is 100V-500V, 10nF-100nF; and the energy storage inductor is 1muH-10muH. The packaging size of the high-voltage conversion module, the detonation module and the detonator assembly after being packaged in a 3D structure through a flexible printed board is phi 30mm*22mm.

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