Tool system for laser-assisted electrolytic in-process composite machining with topologically decoupled laser surrounding electrolyte

Abstract

The application discloses a tool system for laser-electrolyte surrounding compound machining with topological decoupling, wherein the laser-electrolyte decoupling module comprises a beam splitter and an electrolyte cavity; the beam splitter is arranged outside the electrolyte cavity and comprises a laser interface and a plurality of multimode optical fiber bundles; the electrolyte cavity is provided with a cavity flow channel; the photoelectric liquid pipe electrode comprises a light guide pipe and a conductive pipe which are coaxially arranged, and the light guide pipe is located outside the conductive pipe; the plurality of multimode optical fiber bundles are connected to the upper end surface of the light guide pipe at intervals; during work, pulsed laser is transmitted through the beam splitter and the wall of the light guide pipe; at the same time, electrolyte flows downward through the cavity flow channel and the inner hole of the conductive pipe; the conductive pipe inputs a pulse power source; then, the pulsed laser, the electrolyte and the pulse power source are decoupled from each other, are input and conducted to the machining gap between the workpiece and the photoelectric liquid pipe electrode without interference, and a laser-electrolyte compound machining mode with laser surrounding electrolyte is formed. The application is suitable for high-quality machining of structures with large depth-diameter ratios and has a long service life.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of special processing, in particular to a tool system for laser surrounding electrolyte type compound machining with topological decoupling. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lightweight alloys, high-temperature alloys, single-crystal alloys and other difficult-to-machine materials are increasingly widely used in high-end equipment, aerospace and biomedical fields. Some key components, such as the flow guide hole of advanced aircraft engine blades, the cooling hole of aerospace engine body, and the deep hole groove of artificial bone with biocompatibility, require high-quality machining of large depth-to-diameter ratio structures.

[0003] To meet the machining requirements of such special metal alloy difficult-to-machine materials with large depth-to-diameter ratio structures, laser-electrolytic compound machining combines the advantages of high efficiency of laser machining and non-damage of electrolytic machining, and can theoretically overcome the shortcomings of traditional single energy field special machining, and has the potential to efficiently machine large depth-to-diameter ratio structures on difficult-to-machine materials.

[0004] In recent years, in the field of laser-electrolytic coaxial compound machining, methods such as laser-electrolytic compound machining based on tube electrodes, laser-electrolytic jet compound machining based on tube electrodes, and laser-electrolytic compound machining based on tube electrodes have been proposed. In order to realize the synchronous action of laser-electrolytic energy field, such machining methods rely on the tube electrode to guide the pulsed laser and electrolyte into the machining gap. The pulsed laser is usually transmitted inside the liquid by reflecting on the inner wall of the flow channel, total internal reflection on the wall of the tube electrode, or total reflection at the liquid-air interface. At present, such laser-electrolytic coaxial compound machining methods have gradually attempted to machine lightweight alloys and high-temperature alloy materials, but there are still many key technical problems in the machining application of large depth-to-diameter ratio structures:

[0005] Firstly, the existing laser-electrolytic synchronous compound machining devices focus the pulsed laser into the electrolyte, causing the pulsed laser and the electrolyte to interfere with each other in the machining device. As the machining depth increases, the absorption of laser intensity by the electrolyte environment will seriously affect the compound machining efficiency, and the vortex and bubbles generated during the transmission of the electrolyte will further scatter and weaken the laser intensity, and even cause the machining to fail. Secondly, the electrode structure of the current machining device is assembled by a coaxial multi-layer structure, and the heat effect caused by energy dissipation during laser input will damage the internal components and the tube electrode structure. After focusing, the pulsed laser is directly irradiated into the inner hole of the tube electrode, and the leakage and excessive dissipation during the process will burn the material in the area, causing local boiling of the electrolyte and affecting the overall life of the compound machining device. In addition, the current process method also has one or more limitations such as limited laser wavelength and allowable power, difficult to further improve electrolyte flow and allowable pressure, and poor interchangeability of tube electrode clamping structure. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present application is to provide a topologically decoupled tool system for laser-liquid electrolyte composite machining, which can realize high-quality machining of large depth-diameter ratio structures and has a long service life.

[0007] The topologically decoupled tool system for laser-liquid electrolyte composite machining according to the embodiments of the present application comprises:

[0008] A laser-electrolyte decoupling module, which comprises a beam splitter and an electrolyte cavity; the beam splitter is arranged outside the electrolyte cavity and comprises a laser interface and a plurality of multimode fiber bundles connected to the laser interface; the electrolyte cavity has a cavity flow channel inside;

[0009] A photoelectric liquid tube electrode, which is coaxially connected to the electrolyte cavity and located below the electrolyte cavity; the photoelectric liquid tube electrode comprises a light guide tube and an electrically conductive tube, the light guide tube is coaxially fixed outside the electrically conductive tube, the lower end surface of the light guide tube is flush with the lower end surface of the electrically conductive tube, and the electrically conductive tube is insulated from the light guide tube; the output ends of the plurality of multimode fiber bundles are connected to the upper end surface of the light guide tube at uniform intervals; the electrically conductive tube is connected to the electrolyte cavity, so that the inner hole of the electrically conductive tube communicates with the cavity flow channel;

[0010] An electrolyte supply module, which is connected to the electrolyte cavity and used to deliver electrolyte to the cavity flow channel;

[0011] A motion platform, which is used to fix a workpiece to drive the workpiece to make a feeding motion;

[0012] A pulse power supply module, two electrodes of which are respectively electrically connected to the electrically conductive tube and the workpiece;

[0013] In operation, after the laser interface introduces pulsed laser, the pulsed laser is evenly divided into a plurality of beams, which are transmitted one by one to the upper end surface of the light guide tube through the plurality of multimode fiber bundles, transmitted through the wall of the light guide tube and output from the lower end of the light guide tube; at the same time, the electrolyte supply module delivers electrolyte to the cavity flow channel, the electrolyte flows downward through the inner hole of the electrically conductive tube and flows out from the lower end of the inner hole; the pulse power supply module supplies power to the electrically conductive tube and the workpiece; thereby realizing decoupling of pulsed laser, electrolyte and pulse power supply from each other, and inputting and conducting to the machining gap between the workpiece and the photoelectric liquid tube electrode without interference, forming a laser-electrolyte composite machining mode with laser surrounding electrolyte.

[0014] The tool system for laser-electrolyte surrounding compound machining with topological decoupling according to the embodiment of the application has the following advantages: the beam splitter is arranged outside the electrolyte cavity, the beam splitter is connected with the upper end surface of the light guide pipe of the photo-electrolyte pipe electrode, the pulsed laser is transmitted along the wall of the light guide pipe to the lower end of the light guide pipe after being divided by the beam splitter, the cavity flow channel of the electrolyte cavity is communicated with the inner hole of the conductive pipe of the photo-electrolyte pipe electrode, the electrolyte from the electrolyte supply module flows through the cavity flow channel, the inner hole of the conductive pipe and the lower end of the inner hole of the conductive pipe in sequence, and the conductive pipe is supplied with power by the pulsed power supply module. In this way, on the one hand, the pulsed laser, the electrolyte and the pulsed power supply are decoupled from each other, and are synchronously input and conducted to the machining gap between the photo-electrolyte pipe electrode and the workpiece without interference, so as to form a compound machining mode of laser light field surrounding electrolytic machining electric field, which is suitable for high-quality machining of structures with large depth-diameter ratio. On the other hand, the internal components of the tool system for laser-electrolyte surrounding compound machining with topological decoupling include the photo-electrolyte pipe electrode and other structures which are not easy to be damaged by the pulsed laser, and have a long service life.

[0015] In some embodiments, a laser beam shaping and adjusting mechanism is further included for modifying the distribution pattern of the pulsed laser and adjusting the spatial position of the pulsed laser, and introducing the modified pulsed laser into the laser interface.

[0016] In some embodiments, the electrolyte cavity includes a flow channel base, a flow channel plug and a flow channel joint, the flow channel plug is embedded into the flow channel base from above, and the flow channel joint is connected with the side wall of the flow channel base, and the flow channel base, the flow channel plug and the flow channel joint jointly define the cavity flow channel, wherein the bottom of the flow channel base is connected with the conductive pipe, and the flow channel joint is connected with the electrolyte supply module.

[0017] In some embodiments, the flow channel plug has a convex surface which is convex downward, and the convex surface and the concave surface of the flow channel base form the main part of the cavity flow channel.

[0018] In some embodiments, the flow channel plug is threadedly connected with the flow channel base, and the flow channel joint is threadedly connected with the flow channel base.

[0019] In some embodiments, a housing and an elastic support unit are further included, the laser-electrolyte decoupling module is located in the housing, the photo-electrolyte pipe electrode passes through the bottom of the housing, the flow channel joint passes through the side wall of the housing, and the elastic support unit is arranged in the housing and coaxially fixes the laser-electrolyte decoupling module and the photo-electrolyte pipe electrode on the housing.

[0020] In some embodiments, the elastic supporting unit comprises a first filling solidified glue and an elastic element; the elastic element clamps the photoelectric liquid tube electrode by pre-tightening force, and realizes centering and positioning by cooperating the outer conical surface with the inner conical surface of the bottom of the shell, and the first filling solidified glue is located on the upper side of the elastic element.

[0021] In some embodiments, the second filling solidified glue is arranged between the light guide pipe and the conductive pipe.

[0022] In some embodiments, an integrated sensing unit is further included, which is arranged at a position near the connection between the laser interface and the multi-mode fiber bundle and a position near the connection between the multi-mode fiber bundle and the light guide pipe.

[0023] In some embodiments, a quick positioning unit is further included, which is arranged on the shell.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, partially will become obvious from the following description, or will be understood by the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0026] Figure 1 is a modular structure schematic diagram of a topological decoupling laser surrounding electrolyte type composite machining tool system provided by the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 is a structure schematic diagram of a laser electrolyte decoupling module and a photoelectric liquid tube electrode provided by the present application;

[0028] Figure 3a is a connection structure arrangement schematic diagram of a laser beam splitter and a photoelectric liquid tube electrode when the number of circular dense arrangement optical fibers of a multi-mode fiber bundle is 7;

[0029] Figure 3b is Figure 3a is a schematic diagram of A-A in FIG. 6;

[0030] Figure 3c is Figure 3a is a schematic diagram of B-B in FIG. 7;

[0031] Figure 4a is a connection structure arrangement schematic diagram of a laser beam splitter and a photoelectric liquid tube electrode when the number of circular dense arrangement optical fibers of a multi-mode fiber bundle is 19;

[0032] Figure 4b is Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of C-C in FIG. 8;

[0033] Figure 4c yes Figure 4a Schematic diagram at point DD;

[0034] Figure 5a This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure arrangement of the laser beam splitter and the photoelectric liquid tube electrode when the number of square close-packed optical fibers in the multimode fiber bundle provided by the present invention is 16.

[0035] Figure 5b yes Figure 5a Schematic diagram at EE;

[0036] Figure 5c yes Figure 5a A schematic diagram at point FF;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a detailed structural schematic diagram of a laser-encircled electrolyte composite machining tool system with topological decoupling provided by the present invention.

[0038] Figure Labels

[0039] Laser electrolyte decoupling module 1; beam splitter 101; laser interface 1011; multimode fiber bundle 1012; electrolyte cavity 102; flow channel base 1021; flow channel plug 1022; convex surface 10221; flow channel connector 1023; photoelectric liquid tube electrode 2; light guide tube 201; conductive tube 202; electrolyte supply module 3; motion platform 4; pulse power supply module 5; quick-change electrical connector 501; laser beam shaping and adjustment mechanism 6; outer shell 7; elastic support unit 8; first filling curing adhesive 801; elastic element 802; integrated sensing unit 9; detection data processor 901; first sensor 902; second sensor 903; rapid positioning unit 10; guide 11; workpiece 12. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0041] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 6 This invention describes a topologically decoupled laser-encircled electrolyte composite machining tool system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the laser-electrolyte composite machining tool system with topological decoupling according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a laser-electrolyte decoupling module 1, a photoelectric liquid tube electrode 2, an electrolyte supply module 3, a motion platform 4, and a pulse power supply module 5.

[0043] The laser electrolyte decoupling module 1 comprises a beam splitter 101 and an electrolyte cavity 102; the beam splitter 101 is arranged outside the electrolyte cavity 102 and comprises a laser interface 1011 and a plurality of multi-mode optical fiber bundles 1012 connected with the laser interface 1011; the electrolyte cavity 102 has a cavity flow channel inside, which is a passage for electrolyte flow.

[0044] The photoelectric liquid tube electrode 2 is coaxially connected with the electrolyte cavity 102 and located below the electrolyte cavity 102; the photoelectric liquid tube electrode 2 comprises a light guide tube 201 and an electrically conductive tube 202, the light guide tube 201 is coaxially fixed outside the electrically conductive tube 202, the upper end surface of the light guide tube 201 is lower than the upper end surface of the electrically conductive tube 202, the lower end surface of the light guide tube 201 is flush with the lower end surface of the electrically conductive tube 202, and the electrically conductive tube 202 is insulated from the light guide tube 201; the output ends of the plurality of multi-mode optical fiber bundles 1012 are connected with the upper end surface of the light guide tube 201 in a ring-shaped and uniformly spaced manner; the electrically conductive tube 202 is connected with the electrolyte cavity 102, so that the inner hole of the electrically conductive tube 202 communicates with the cavity flow channel.

[0045] The electrolyte supply module 3 is connected with the electrolyte cavity 102 and used for delivering electrolyte to the cavity flow channel.

[0046] The motion platform 4 is used for fixing the workpiece 12 to drive the workpiece 12 to make feeding motion, i.e. to realize the feeding motion of the laser surrounding electrolyte type combined machining.

[0047] The two electrodes of the pulse power supply module 5 are electrically connected with the electrically conductive tube 202 and the workpiece 12 respectively.

[0048] In operation, after the pulse laser is introduced into the laser interface 1011, the pulse laser is equally divided into a plurality of beams, the plurality of beams are transmitted to the upper end surface of the light guide tube 201 through the plurality of multi-mode optical fiber bundles 1012 one by one and are distributed on the upper end surface of the light guide tube 201 in a uniformly spaced manner, are transmitted through the wall of the light guide tube 201 and are output from the lower end of the light guide tube 201 to the machining gap between the workpiece 12 and the photoelectric liquid tube electrode 2; at the same time, the electrolyte supply module 3 delivers high-pressure electrolyte to the cavity flow channel, the electrolyte flows downward through the inner hole of the electrically conductive tube 202 and flows out from the lower end of the inner hole to the machining gap between the workpiece 12 and the photoelectric liquid tube electrode 2; at the same time, the pulse power supply module 5 supplies power to the electrically conductive tube 202 and the workpiece 12; then, the pulse laser, the electrolyte and the pulse power supply are decoupled from each other, are synchronously input and conducted to the machining gap between the workpiece 12 and the photoelectric liquid tube electrode 2 without interfering with each other, a laser electrolytic combined machining mode of laser surrounding electrolyte is formed, the laser electrolytic combined machining mode acts on the workpiece 12 in the machining gap, and the workpiece 12 is subjected to laser electrolytic combined machining, which is suitable for high-quality machining of large depth-diameter ratio structures.

[0049] According to the tool system for topologically decoupled laser surrounding electrolyte type combined machining, the beam splitter 101 is arranged outside the electrolyte cavity 102, the beam splitter 101 is connected with the upper end surface of the light guide pipe 201 of the photoelectric liquid pipe electrode 2, the pulsed laser is transmitted along the wall of the light guide pipe 201 to the lower end of the light guide pipe 201 after being divided by the beam splitter 101, the cavity flow channel of the electrolyte cavity 102 is communicated with the inner hole of the conductive pipe 202 of the photoelectric liquid pipe electrode 2, the electrolyte from the electrolyte supply module 3 passes through the cavity flow channel, the inner hole of the conductive pipe 202 and flows out from the lower end of the inner hole of the conductive pipe 202 in sequence, and the conductive pipe 202 is supplied with power by the pulsed power supply module 5. In this way, on the one hand, the pulsed laser, the electrolyte and the pulsed power supply are decoupled from each other, and are synchronously input and conducted to the machining gap between the workpiece 12 and the photoelectric liquid pipe electrode 2 without interference, so as to form a combined machining mode of laser light field surrounding electrolytic machining electric field, which is suitable for high-quality machining of structures with large depth-diameter ratio. On the other hand, the components in the tool system for topologically decoupled laser surrounding electrolyte type combined machining, including the photoelectric liquid pipe electrode 2, are not easy to be damaged by the pulsed laser, and have a long service life.

[0050] In some embodiments, the laser beam shaping and adjusting mechanism 6 is further included, which is used to modify the pulsed laser distribution mode and adjust the spatial position of the pulsed laser, and make the modified pulsed laser enter the laser interface 1011.

[0051] Further, the laser beam shaping and adjusting mechanism 6 is arranged above the laser interface 1011, and the laser interface 1011 is arranged above the electrolyte cavity 102, and a plurality of multi-mode fiber bundles 1012 are connected with the upper end surface of the light guide pipe 201 in space by bypassing the electrolyte cavity 102. After the pulsed laser is shaped into a required flat-top spot by the laser beam shaping and adjusting mechanism 6, it is aligned and injected into the laser interface 1011. The pulsed laser is uniformly divided into multiple beams by the laser interface 1011 and is constrained inside each multi-mode fiber bundle 1012 to propagate forward, and finally enters the light guide pipe 201. It should be noted that the shape of the flat-top spot matches the cross-sectional shape of the laser interface 1011. For example, if the cross-sectional shape of the laser interface 1011 is circular, the shape of the flat-top spot is circular. For example, if the cross-sectional shape of the laser interface 1011 is square, the shape of the flat-top spot is square.

[0052] Further, the laser beam shaping and adjusting mechanism 6 respectively expands, shapes and shrinks the spatial pulsed laser input into itself, and simultaneously integrates a multi-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism to modify the pulsed laser distribution mode and adjust the spatial position of the pulsed laser. Optionally, after the pulsed laser is shaped by the aspherical lens group, a standard Gaussian spot, a flat-top circular spot or a flat-top square spot is output. Optionally, the laser beam shaping and adjusting mechanism 6 has three translational degrees of freedom or simultaneously has three translational degrees of freedom and two orthogonal rotational degrees of freedom perpendicular to the pulsed laser optical axis.

[0053] In some embodiments, the laser interface 1011 is a high-transmittance fiber column, which can be cylindrical, square-prismatic or circular-truncated-cone-shaped, for inputting pulsed laser. A plurality of multi-mode fiber bundles 1012 are densely arranged at the outlet of the laser interface 1011, and are fused or physically interfaced with the laser interface 1011, and then split to bypass the electrolyte cavity 102 in space, and are connected to the opto-hydro-pipe electrode 2. The number of the multi-mode fiber bundles 1012 can be 4, 7, 13 or 19. The plurality of multi-mode fiber bundles 1012 are densely arranged in a circular or square shape at the laser outlet.

[0054] In some embodiments, the electrolyte cavity 102 comprises a flow channel base 1021, a flow channel plug 1022 and a flow channel joint 1023, the flow channel plug 1022 is embedded into the flow channel base 1021 from above, and the flow channel joint 1023 is connected to the sidewall of the flow channel base 1021, and the flow channel base 1021, the flow channel plug 1022 and the flow channel joint 1023 jointly define a cavity flow channel, wherein the bottom of the flow channel base 1021 is connected to the conductive pipe 202, and the flow channel joint 1023 is connected to the electrolyte supply module 3. Thus, the electrolyte cavity 102 is convenient to process and assemble, and the required cavity flow channel can be formed.

[0055] In some embodiments, the flow channel plug 1022 has a convex surface 10221 which is convex downward, and the convex surface 10221 and the concave surface of the flow channel base 1021 form the main part of the cavity flow channel. Thus, when the electrolyte is introduced into the cavity flow channel, the local loss is reduced, and the machining device vibration caused by flow and pressure pulsation is reduced.

[0056] In some embodiments, the flow channel plug 1022 is threadedly connected with the flow channel base 1021, and the flow channel joint 1023 is threadedly connected with the flow channel base 1021, so that the assembly is convenient.

[0057] Optionally, the material of the flow channel base 1021 is stainless steel or hard aluminum.

[0058] Optionally, the number of the flow channel joint 1023 can be one or more, for example, can be 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein when the flow channel joint 1023 is multiple, the plurality of flow channel joints 1023 are uniformly arranged in the radial direction of the flow channel base 1021.

[0059] In some embodiments, the laser electrolyte decoupling module 1 is located in the shell 7, the opto-hydro-pipe electrode 2 penetrates through the bottom of the shell 7, the flow channel joint 1023 penetrates through the sidewall of the shell 7, and the elastic support unit 8 is arranged in the shell 7 and coaxially fixes the laser electrolyte decoupling module 1 and the opto-hydro-pipe electrode 2 on the shell 7, so that the structure is reliable.

[0060] In some embodiments, the elastic support unit 8 comprises a first filled and cured glue 801 and an elastic element 802; the elastic element 802 clamps the photoelectric liquid tube electrode 2 by pre-tightening force, and realizes the centering and positioning of the photoelectric liquid tube electrode 2 by cooperating the outer conical surface of the elastic element 802 with the inner conical surface of the bottom of the shell 7, and the first filled and cured glue 801 is located on the upper side of the elastic element 802, and the curing stress of the first filled and cured glue 801 can ensure that the elastic element 802 clamps the photoelectric liquid tube electrode 2, and at the same time, the first filled and cured glue 801 ensures that the deflection of the multi-mode optical fiber bundle 1012 in the processing process meets the minimum bending radius of the used multi-mode optical fiber, and at the same time realizes the sealing and dust prevention in the shell 7.

[0061] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the light guide pipe 201 ranges from 0.5 to 1.5 mm, the length-diameter ratio of the light guide pipe 201 ranges from 30:1 to 200:1, and the area of any cross section of the light guide pipe 201 accounts for ≥30% of the cross-sectional area of the photoelectric liquid tube electrode 2.

[0062] In some embodiments, a second filled and cured glue is arranged between the light guide pipe 201 and the conductive pipe 202 to fix the light guide pipe 201 and the conductive pipe 202 together, and the upper end surface of the light guide pipe 201 is lower than the upper end surface of the conductive pipe 202, so as to facilitate the connection of the light guide pipe 201 with the multi-mode optical fiber bundle 1012 and the connection of the conductive pipe 202 with the electrolyte cavity 102.

[0063] In some embodiments, the size of the photoelectric liquid tube electrode 2 ranges from 0.5 to 1.5 mm, and the length-diameter ratio is >60:1, which can reach 100:1.

[0064] In some embodiments, the conductive pipe 202 is connected to the bottom outlet of the electrolyte cavity 102 through a third filled and cured glue.

[0065] In some embodiments, the light guide pipe 201 is a high-transparency integrated hollow pipe with a specific refractive index distribution pattern on the side wall. Optionally, the material of the light guide pipe 201 is high-purity quartz doped with different elements and different concentrations.

[0066] Optionally, the material of the conductive pipe 202 is brass or stainless steel, which is used to introduce a processing electric field.

[0067] In some embodiments, after the conductive pipe 202 is connected to the composite processing pulse power source through a wire, the remaining outer wall surface is sprayed with an insulating coating, and the thickness of the insulating coating is ≦50μm.

[0068] In some embodiments, an integrated sensing unit 9 is further included, which is arranged near the connection position of the laser interface 1011 and the multi-mode optical fiber bundle 1012 and near the connection position of the multi-mode optical fiber bundle 1012 and the light guide pipe 201, and is used for monitoring the leakage and dissipation of the pulse laser.

[0069] Specifically, the integrated sensing unit 9 comprises a detection data processor 901, a first sensor 902 and a second sensor 903. The pre-shaping pulsed laser is a Gaussian circular spot, and the post-shaping pulsed laser is a flat-top spot, which is focused to the entrance of the laser interface 1011. The first sensor 902 is arranged at a position near the connection between the laser interface 1011 and the multi-mode fiber bundle 1012, and the second sensor 903 is arranged at a position near the connection between the multi-mode fiber bundle 1012 and the light guide pipe 201. Both the second sensor 903 and the first sensor 902 are integrated photoelectric sensors and thermocouples, which detect the leakage of the pulsed laser in the laser electrolyte decoupling module 1 and the accompanying heat generation, and feed back to the detection data processor 901 for analysis and identification, real-time evaluation and judgment of the decoupling and introduction of the pulsed laser and the electrolyte, and real-time judgment of the use state of the composite machining device.

[0070] In some embodiments, a quick positioning unit 10 is further included, which is arranged on the shell 7. The quick positioning unit 10 is used to realize the positioning and quick installation of the whole machining device, which refers to the components integrated with the shell 7, such as the laser electrolyte decoupling module 1 and the photoelectric liquid pipe electrode 2, etc.

[0071] Specifically, the quick positioning unit 10 adopts a five-point positioning mode of large flange and short cylindrical pin, so that the topologically decoupled laser surrounding electrolyte type composite machining tool system can only rotate around its own axis, and the shell 7 is installed through the screws on the large flange, thereby realizing the positioning and quick installation of the whole machining device.

[0072] In some embodiments, a guide 11 is further included, which is fixed with the workpiece 12, and the photoelectric liquid pipe electrode 2 passes through the guide 11 and acts on the surface of the workpiece 12. By arranging the guide 11, the precise guidance of the photoelectric liquid pipe electrode 2 during the machining process is realized.

[0073] Optionally, the material of the guide 11 is a wear-resistant material such as ruby and ceramic.

[0074] In some embodiments, the pulsed power supply module 5 is generated by a pulsed power supply generating device, the positive electrode of the pulsed power supply module 5 is connected to the machining workpiece 12, and the negative electrode is connected to the quick-change electrical connector 501. The quick-change electrical connector 501 is electrically connected to the conductive pipe 202 through an electric wire, and the outer wall surface of the conductive pipe 202 has an insulating coating except the connection part with the conductive wire.

[0075] In some embodiments, the electrolyte supply module 3 comprises a pump, an overflow valve, a throttle valve, a filter and other devices, which provide the required electrolyte pressure and flow rate, reduce the dissolved gas in the electrolyte, and complete the impurity filtration.

[0076] In the description of the specification, reference to "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. The appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in an embodiment", "for example", "specific example" or "in some examples" in various places in the specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0077] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, alternatives and variations to these embodiments could be made without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A topologically decoupled laser-encircled electrolyte composite machining tool system, characterized in that, include: A laser electrolyte decoupling module includes a beam splitter and an electrolyte cavity; the beam splitter is arranged outside the electrolyte cavity and includes a laser interface and multiple multimode fiber bundles connected to the laser interface; the electrolyte cavity has a cavity flow channel. A photoelectric liquid tube electrode is coaxially connected to the electrolyte cavity and located below the electrolyte cavity. The photoelectric liquid tube electrode includes a light guide tube and a conductive tube. The light guide tube is coaxially fixed outside the conductive tube, and the lower end face of the light guide tube is flush with the lower end face of the conductive tube. The conductive tube is insulated from the light guide tube. The output ends of a plurality of multimode fiber bundles are circumferentially and evenly connected to the upper end face of the light guide tube. The conductive tube is connected to the electrolyte cavity, such that the inner hole of the conductive tube communicates with the flow channel of the cavity. An electrolyte supply module is connected to the electrolyte cavity and is used to supply electrolyte to the flow channel of the cavity. A motion platform is used to fix the workpiece so as to drive the workpiece to perform a feed motion; A pulse power supply module, wherein the two electrodes of the pulse power supply module are electrically connected to the conductive tube and the workpiece, respectively. It also includes an integrated sensing unit, which is located near the connection between the laser interface and the multimode fiber bundle and near the connection between the multimode fiber bundle and the light guide tube. During operation, the laser interface receives a pulsed laser, which is then split into multiple laser beams. These beams are transmitted one-to-one through multiple multimode fiber bundles to the upper surface of the light guide tube, then through the wall of the light guide tube, and output from the lower end of the light guide tube. Simultaneously, the electrolyte supply module supplies electrolyte to the cavity flow channel. The electrolyte flows downward through the inner hole of the conductive tube and exits from the lower end of the inner hole. The pulse power supply module supplies power to the conductive tube and the workpiece. This achieves decoupling of the pulsed laser, electrolyte, and pulse power supply, allowing them to be input and conducted to the processing gap between the workpiece and the photoelectric liquid tube electrode without interference, forming a laser-electrolysis composite processing method where the laser surrounds the electrolyte.

2. The laser-encircled electrolyte composite machining tool system with topological decoupling according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a laser beam shaping and adjustment mechanism, which is used to correct the pulse laser distribution pattern and adjust the spatial position of the pulse laser, and to guide the corrected pulse laser into the laser interface.

3. The laser-encircled electrolyte composite machining tool system with topological decoupling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrolyte chamber includes a flow channel base, a flow channel plug, and a flow channel connector. The flow channel plug is embedded in the flow channel base from above, and the flow channel connector is connected to the side wall of the flow channel base. The flow channel base, the flow channel plug, and the flow channel connector together define the flow channel of the chamber. The bottom of the flow channel base is connected to the conductive tube, and the flow channel connector is connected to the electrolyte supply module.

4. The laser-encircled electrolyte composite machining tool system with topological decoupling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow channel plug has a downwardly convex surface, which, together with the concave surface of the flow channel base, forms the main body of the cavity flow channel.

5. The laser-encircled electrolyte composite machining tool system with topological decoupling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow channel plug is threadedly connected to the flow channel base, and the flow channel connector is threadedly connected to the flow channel base.

6. The laser-encircled electrolyte composite machining tool system with topological decoupling according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a housing and an elastic support unit. The laser electrolyte decoupling module is located inside the housing. The photoelectric liquid tube electrode passes through the bottom of the housing. The flow channel connector passes through the side wall of the housing. The elastic support unit is disposed inside the housing and coaxially fixes the laser electrolyte decoupling module and the photoelectric liquid tube electrode to the housing.

7. The laser-encircled electrolyte composite machining tool system with topological decoupling according to claim 6, characterized in that, The elastic support unit includes a first filler curing adhesive and an elastic element; the elastic element clamps the photoelectric liquid tube electrode by pre-tightening force and achieves centering and positioning by the outer conical surface cooperating with the inner conical surface at the bottom of the outer shell, and the first filler curing adhesive is located on the upper side of the elastic element.

8. The topology-decoupled laser-encircled electrolyte composite machining tool system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, A second filler adhesive is provided between the light guide tube and the conductive tube.

9. The laser-encircled electrolyte composite machining tool system with topological decoupling according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a rapid positioning unit, which is disposed on the housing.

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