A gas metal arc welding torch with narrow gap

Abstract

This invention discloses a gas shielded metal arc welding (GSMA) narrow-gap welding torch, comprising a conductive structure, a nozzle structure, and a gas support structure. The conductive structure includes a conductive nozzle with a wire feeding channel. The nozzle structure, made of high-temperature resistant insulating material, is fitted outside the conductive structure and includes a first nozzle section and a second nozzle section connected to the first nozzle section, the second nozzle section being configured as a flat structure. The gas support structure includes at least one anti-collision post, which is arranged laterally to the second nozzle section along its length. A second gas supply channel for delivering shielding gas is provided axially within the anti-collision post, the output direction of the second gas supply channel being consistent with that of the first gas supply channel. This GSMA narrow-gap welding torch is suitable for narrow-gap welding of thick materials, and it features high reliability, high safety, and good stability, greatly improving welding quality and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding equipment, and more particularly to a gas metal arc welding torch with a narrow gap. Background Technology

[0002] Narrow gap welding is a method of welding materials such as steel structures within a narrow groove gap. Existing narrow gap welding methods mainly include narrow gap tungsten inert gas welding (NG-TIG), narrow gap submerged arc welding (NG-SAW), and narrow gap gas metal arc welding (NG-GMAW). All three methods require automated welding technology to function effectively.

[0003] Among them, NG-GMAW has a wide and very low heat input range, allowing it to directly weld low-alloy high-strength steel or ultra-high-strength steel structures without special procedures such as preheating, interpass temperature control, post-weld heat treatment, or treatment at lower heat treatment temperatures. NG-GMAW combines the advantages of NG-SAW and NG-TIG, offering high production efficiency, low welding cost, suitability for all-position welding, low welding heat input, low residual stress, minimal welding deformation, and particular suitability for welding heat-sensitive high-strength steel. It possesses significant application advantages and prospects, thus sparking a research and development boom in NG-GMAW. For example, a utility model patent entitled "Small Bevel Welding Auxiliary Device" (Announcement No.: CN202780193U) was authorized and announced in China on March 13, 2013. Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the device is a welding torch suitable for NG-GMAW welding, including a protective sleeve body 1, an insulating sleeve 2, a conductive rod 3, and a conductive nozzle 4. The protective sleeve body 1 is a hollow sleeve nozzle made of copper with a circular cross-section. The protective sleeve body 1 includes a large inner end 11, a small outer end 12, and a natural transition section 13 connecting the inner and outer ends. The insulating sleeve 2 is threaded to the inner end 11. The conductive rod 3 extends between the insulating sleeve 2 and the protective sleeve body 1 and is threaded to the insulating sleeve 2. The conductive nozzle 4 is connected to the front end of the conductive rod 3 and arranged inside the protective sleeve body 1. The conductive rod 3 has a vent hole 31 for discharging CO2. The vent hole 31 is located at the large inner end 11 to facilitate torch tip cooling. CO2 is ejected to the outside through the small outer end 12. The welding wire extends to the outside through the conductive rod 3 and the conductive nozzle 4 in sequence. During welding, the welding torch of this technical solution can extend the small outer end 12 into the narrow gap groove, thereby realizing the welding operation of the narrow gap groove.

[0004] In actual production, although NG-GMAW has received the most development and research, its commercial application is relatively limited, especially in the field of welding thick materials, where it has not yet achieved large-scale application. The main reason is that existing welding torches suitable for NG-GMAW welding have the following shortcomings, failing to truly meet the needs of actual welding:

[0005] (1) Since the shielding gas can only ensure that the weld pool has a good shielding gas effect during the welding process if it is delivered as close as possible to the weld pool arc, the nozzle of the welding gun needs to be extended into the groove as much as possible. However, the outer end of the existing nozzle has a circular cross section and a large radial width. Without exceeding the standard narrow gap range of the groove, the outer end of the nozzle extends into the groove to a shallow depth, making it difficult to deliver the shielding gas to a deeper position.

[0006] (2) Because the weld groove is deep and narrow, the gap between the outer end of the nozzle and the inside of the groove is very narrow without exceeding the standard narrow gap range of the groove. The movement of the welding wire inside the groove is severely hindered by the outer end of the nozzle, resulting in a very limited arc coverage area. It cannot accurately and stably point to the side wall fusion zone, thus resulting in insufficient heat input to the side wall, producing defects of poor side wall fusion, and affecting the welding quality.

[0007] (3) Because the gap between the outer end of the nozzle and the bevel is relatively small, the large particles of spatter generated during the welding process adhere to the side wall of the welding bevel and easily block the gap, causing the welding torch to jam, which in turn leads to the welding process being obstructed or even the welding torch being damaged.

[0008] (4) The spatter particles generated during the welding process tend to accumulate on the contact tip, shielding gas channel and nozzle, causing the shielding gas channel to narrow or even become blocked, thus affecting the ejection of shielding gas. In severe cases, it can also obstruct the wire feeding, leading to welding interruption. In addition, since the nozzle is made of conductive materials such as copper, the spatter particles generated during the welding process can accumulate between the contact tip, nozzle and workpiece, which can easily cause short circuits, burn out the welding torch, and interrupt the welding process. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a gas metal arc welding torch with narrow gaps, which is suitable for narrow gap welding operations on thick materials. It is highly reliable, safe, and stable, greatly improving welding quality and efficiency.

[0010] This invention discloses a narrow-gap welding torch for gas shielded metal arc welding, comprising a conductive structure, a nozzle structure, and a gas support structure. The conductive structure includes a conductive nozzle with a wire feeding channel. The nozzle structure is made of high-temperature resistant insulating material and is fitted outside the conductive structure. It includes a first nozzle section and a second nozzle section connected to the first nozzle section. The second nozzle section is configured as a flat structure. The first and second nozzle sections have a first gas delivery channel for delivering protective gas passing through them along their axial direction. After installation, the conductive nozzle passes through the first and second nozzle sections in sequence and extends out of the second nozzle section. The gas support structure includes at least one anti-collision post. The anti-collision post is arranged on the side of the second nozzle section along its length direction. The anti-collision post has a second gas delivery channel for delivering protective gas passing through it along its axial direction. The output direction of the second gas delivery channel is consistent with that of the first gas delivery channel.

[0011] Preferably, at least two anti-collision posts are provided, with the two anti-collision posts arranged on both sides of the second nozzle section along the length direction, and the two anti-collision posts having a protective surface that matches the outer surface of the nozzle structure on the side opposite to the nozzle structure.

[0012] Preferably, the gas support structure further includes an installation platform, the installation platform having an installation channel along its axial direction for mounting the nozzle structure, the anti-collision post being connected to the installation platform and arranged outside the installation channel; the anti-collision post includes a first column portion protruding from one side of the installation platform and a second column portion protruding from the other side of the installation platform, the first column portion having a gas connection portion for connecting to an external auxiliary gas supply mechanism at one end away from the installation platform, the second column portion having a gas ejection portion for ejecting protective gas at one end away from the installation platform, the distance between the outlet end plane of the gas ejection portion and the welding wire protrusion end plane being less than the distance between the outlet end plane of the second nozzle portion and the welding wire protrusion end plane.

[0013] Preferably, the mounting platform is further provided with a nozzle base protruding from one side of the mounting platform. The nozzle base has a base channel that communicates with the mounting channel along its axial direction. The first nozzle part is fitted into the base channel and the mounting channel. The first nozzle part and the nozzle base are fixedly connected by fasteners. The nozzle base has a fastening channel along its radial direction for the fasteners to extend into the base channel. The second nozzle part is arranged on the side of the mounting platform away from the nozzle base. The first column part is arranged outside the base channel. The protective surface is arranged inside the second column part.

[0014] Preferably, the end face of the second column portion away from the mounting platform is flush or substantially flush with the end face of the second nozzle portion away from the mounting platform. The gas ejection portion extends beyond the end face of the second column portion away from the mounting platform. The protective surface is flush with the inner wall of the mounting channel and extends from the end of the second column portion near the mounting platform to the end away from the mounting platform.

[0015] Preferably, the two outer surfaces of the second nozzle part arranged along the width direction are configured as mutually parallel planar structures, and the two outer surfaces of the second nozzle part arranged along the length direction are configured as arc surface structures. The outer surface of the first nozzle part is provided with a cylindrical surface structure and an inclined plane structure. The arc surface structure is connected to and flush with the cylindrical surface structure. The planar structure is connected to the cylindrical surface structure through the inclined plane structure. The protective surface is configured as a first arc surface structure that matches the cylindrical surface structure and the arc surface structure.

[0016] Preferably, the second column includes a second column body and a second column reinforcing block. The distance between the two outer sides of the second column body arranged along the width direction of the second nozzle is the same as or substantially the same as the distance between the two outer sides of the second nozzle arranged along the width direction. The adjacent sides of the second column reinforcing block are respectively connected to the side of the mounting platform away from the nozzle base and the side of the second column body arranged along the width direction of the second nozzle. The distance between the second column reinforcing block and the second nozzle is greater than the distance between the end of the inclined plane structure near the mounting platform and the second nozzle. The outer side of the second column is flush with the outer peripheral side of the mounting platform.

[0017] Preferably, the conductive structure further includes a conductive rod, an adapter, and a conductive connection for docking with an external wire feeding mechanism. One end of the conductive rod is connected to a conductive nozzle, and the other end of the conductive rod is connected to the conductive connection. The conductive rod has a gas channel for outputting protective gas passing through it radially. The adapter extends into the first nozzle portion and is detachably connected to the nozzle structure. The conductive connection is detachably connected to the adapter. After installation, the conductive rod is arranged inside the first nozzle portion.

[0018] Preferably, the nozzle structure is made of ceramic material, and the air support structure is made of metal material.

[0019] Preferably, the outer diameter of the second nozzle portion in the width direction is X1, where 9mm≤X1≤14mm; the inner diameter of the second nozzle portion in the width direction is X2, where 5mm≤X2≤8mm; the outer diameter of the second nozzle portion in the length direction is Y1, where 16mm≤Y1≤25mm; and the length of the conductive structure extending beyond the second nozzle portion is Z, where 3mm≤Z≤12mm.

[0020] The gas metal arc welding torch with narrow gap disclosed in this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) By setting the second nozzle part to a flat structure, the cross-sectional width of the second nozzle part is narrowed. On the one hand, it can be more easily inserted into a deeper position in the groove, thereby achieving a good gas protection effect during the welding process, avoiding air pollution of the welding area such as molten droplets, weld pool, and high-temperature metal workpieces in the welding area, improving the welding quality, and significantly reducing the width arrangement of the welding groove to meet the standard range of narrow gap welding, greatly reducing the amount of welding filler, and meeting the actual welding requirements of thick narrow gap grooves; on the other hand, the gap width between the second nozzle part and the groove sidewall is increased, and the second nozzle part moves more freely in the groove, which enhances the directionality of the welding wire in the welding groove, making it easier for the arc to point to the fusion line, heat the groove sidewall, and ensure good weld fusion. When the flat-structured second nozzle is used in welding groove construction sites with significantly reduced width, it can enhance the confinement of the shielding gas on the inner side of the groove. This facilitates the compression of the arc by the shielding gas after it is ejected from the nozzle structure, thereby increasing the energy density of the arc and enhancing the heating effect of the arc on the sidewall of the groove. This further ensures good weld fusion and a beautiful and uniform weld formation. In addition, it can prevent the welding torch from getting stuck, the welding process from being obstructed, or the welding torch from being damaged due to the accumulation of large spatter particles in the gap during the welding process. This extends the service life of the welding torch. Low spatter can also reduce the wear and tear of consumable parts such as the contact tip and nozzle structure, which helps to reduce the amount of welding consumables used and the replacement time of consumables such as the contact tip and nozzle structure. This can reduce welding costs while improving welding efficiency.

[0022] (2) By using high-temperature resistant insulating materials to make the nozzle structure, it is possible to prevent short circuits, welding torch burnout, welding interruption and other risks caused by the accumulation of small spatter particles between the nozzle structure and the conductive tip or welding wire during the welding process. This improves the safety, reliability and stability of the welding torch and increases welding efficiency.

[0023] (3) By setting the conductive tip to extend outside the second nozzle section, since the standard value of the welding wire extending outside the conductive tip is 15-20mm, compared with hiding the conductive tip inside the second nozzle section, the length of the welding wire extending outside the nozzle structure is longer, which can further reduce the width of the welding groove and further reduce the welding filler amount, making it more suitable for narrow gap groove welding operations. It also significantly increases the distance between the nozzle structure outlet end and the welding pool, which can further prevent the welding particles spattered during the welding process from accumulating in the conductive tip, nozzle structure, first gas supply channel or second gas supply channel, causing the gas supply channel to narrow or even block, thus affecting the welding quality, or causing the welding wire to be blocked, welding interruption, etc., improving the stability of the gas protection effect, improving the welding quality and efficiency, and extending the service life of the welding gun.

[0024] (4) By arranging anti-collision posts on the side of the second nozzle section along the length direction, the nozzle structure can be prevented from being damaged by accidental collision, thus affecting the welding quality. By setting a second gas supply channel in the anti-collision post, and the output direction of the second gas supply channel is consistent with that of the first gas supply channel, the output of protective gas is increased, and the gas protection effect is enhanced. At the same time, the protective gas output through the second gas supply channel can block the protective gas output through the first gas supply channel to a certain extent on its inner side, thereby driving away or isolating the outside air. It can guide and assist the protective gas output from the first gas supply channel to be delivered to the welding area as much as possible, so as to enhance the gas protection effect of the welding area and improve the welding quality. In addition, it can also reduce the amount of welding particles spatter during the welding process to a certain extent, and further reduce the risk of narrowing or even blocking of the protective gas channel, obstruction of welding wire feeding, short circuit burn-out of welding torch, obstruction of welding torch movement or welding interruption caused by welding spatter particles adhering to the nozzle structure, gas support structure, welding wire or workpiece.

[0025] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure of a small bevel welding auxiliary device disclosed in the prior art.

[0028] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of a small bevel welding auxiliary device disclosed in the prior art.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a gas metal arc welding torch with narrow gap, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the structure of a gas metal arc welding torch with narrow gap, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a gas metal arc welding torch with a narrow gap, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0032] Figure 6 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a gas metal arc welding torch with a narrow gap, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0033] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a gas metal arc welding torch with narrow gap disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the air support structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a reference diagram showing the application of a gas metal arc welding (GMAW) narrow gap welding torch disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention in a construction site. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in the specification and claims of this patent application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an” or “a” and similar terms do not indicate a limitation of quantity, but rather indicate the presence of at least one.

[0042] like Figure 3-9 As shown in the figure, as an embodiment of the present invention, a narrow gap welding torch for gas shielded welding is disclosed, including a conductive structure 100, a nozzle structure 200 and a gas support structure 300. The conductive structure 100 can be used for the conduction of welding wire and the delivery of welding wire and protective gases such as CO2, helium, and argon. The conductive structure 100 includes a conductive nozzle 110 with a wire feeding channel 101 for welding wire 400. The width of the wire feeding channel 101 in the conductive nozzle 110 matches the width of the welding wire 400 to pull the welding wire 400 and to make contact with the welding wire 400 for conduction. The nozzle structure 200 is used to eject protective gas. The nozzle structure 200 is fitted outside the conductive structure 100 and includes a first nozzle portion 210 and a second nozzle portion 220 connected to the first nozzle portion 210. The first nozzle portion 210 and the second nozzle portion 220 are axially connected to a first gas delivery channel 201 for conveying the protective gas. The nozzle structure 200 is a hollow cylindrical structure. The first gas delivery channel 201 is a hollow portion within the nozzle structure 200. The conductive structure 100 is fitted inside the hollow portion, with a gap between the conductive structure 100 and the inner wall of the nozzle structure 200 to allow the protective gas to enter the first gas delivery channel 201 through the gas channel 102 and be ejected to the outside through the outlet end of the first gas delivery channel 201. The width and length directions of the second nozzle portion 220 are arranged radially along the nozzle structure 200. The thickness direction of the flat structure is defined as the width direction of the second nozzle portion 220, and the length direction of the second nozzle portion 220 is perpendicular to its width direction, with the length direction being its direction of travel. Figure 10As shown, after installation, the conductive nozzle 110 passes through the first nozzle section 210 and the second nozzle section 220 in sequence and extends out of the outlet end of the second nozzle section 220. The welding wire 400 extends out of the outlet end of the conductive nozzle 110 through the wire feeding channel 101. The protective gas is ejected from the outlet end of the second nozzle section 220 to protect the welding area, such as the molten droplets at the end of the extended welding wire 400, the weld pool, and the high-temperature metal workpiece 500 in the welding area, from air pollution, achieving the gas protection effect and ensuring welding quality. The gas support structure 300 includes at least one anti-collision post 310, which is arranged on the side of the second nozzle section 220 along its length. A second gas supply channel 301 for supplying protective gas is provided inside the anti-collision post 310 along its axial direction. The output direction of the second gas supply channel 301 is consistent with that of the first gas supply channel 201.

[0043] In this embodiment, the second nozzle portion 220 is configured with a flat structure, thereby narrowing the cross-sectional width of the second nozzle portion 220. On the one hand, this allows it to more easily extend into a deeper position within the groove, thereby achieving good gas protection during welding, avoiding air pollution in the welding area, improving welding quality, and significantly reducing the width of the welding groove to meet the standard range for narrow gap welding, greatly reducing the amount of weld filler, and satisfying the actual welding requirements of thick, narrow gap grooves. On the other hand, the increased gap width between the second nozzle section 220 and the bevel sidewall allows for freer movement of the second nozzle section 220 within the bevel, enhancing the directionality of the welding wire 400 within the welding bevel. This makes it easier for the arc to align with the fusion line, heating the bevel sidewall and ensuring good weld fusion. When the flattened second nozzle section 220 is used in welding bevel construction sites with significantly reduced widths, it also enhances the confinement of the shielding gas within the bevel, facilitating the compression of the arc after the shielding gas exits from the nozzle structure 200. This increases the arc's energy density, enhances the arc's heating effect on the bevel sidewall, further ensuring good weld fusion and a beautiful, uniform weld formation. Furthermore, it prevents large spatter particles from accumulating in the gap during welding, which could cause the welding torch to jam, obstruct the welding process, or damage the torch, extending its service life. Low spatter also reduces wear and tear on consumable parts such as the contact tip and nozzle structure, reducing the amount of welding consumables used and the replacement time for these parts. This improves welding efficiency while reducing welding costs.

[0044] In this embodiment, the nozzle structure 200 is made of high-temperature resistant insulating material, which can prevent short circuits, welding torch burnout, welding interruption and other risks caused by the accumulation of small spatter particles between the nozzle structure 200 and the conductive nozzle 110 or welding wire 400 during the welding process. This improves the safety, reliability and stability of the welding torch and increases welding efficiency.

[0045] In this embodiment, by extending the conductive nozzle 110 outside the second nozzle portion 220, and considering that the standard value of the welding wire 400 extending outside the conductive nozzle 110 is 15-20mm, compared to hiding the conductive nozzle 110 inside the second nozzle portion 220, the length of the welding wire 400 extending outside the nozzle structure 200 is longer. This allows for a further reduction in the width of the welding groove and a further reduction in the amount of welding filler, making it more suitable for narrow-gap groove welding operations. It also significantly increases the distance between the outlet end of the nozzle structure 200 and the weld pool, further preventing welding particles from accumulating in the conductive nozzle 110, nozzle structure 200, first gas supply channel 201, or second gas supply channel 301 during the welding process, which could lead to narrowing or even blockage of the gas supply channel, affecting welding quality, or causing risks such as obstructed wire feeding or welding interruption. This improves the stability of the gas shielding effect, enhances welding quality and efficiency, and extends the service life of the welding torch.

[0046] In this embodiment, by arranging anti-collision posts 310 on the side of the second nozzle section 220 along the length direction, it is possible to prevent the nozzle structure 200 from being damaged by accidental collisions, thus affecting the welding quality. By setting a second gas supply channel 301 inside the anti-collision post 310, and the output direction of the second gas supply channel 301 is consistent with that of the first gas supply channel 201, the output of protective gas is increased, thereby enhancing the gas protection effect. At the same time, the protective gas output through the second gas supply channel 301 can block the protective gas output through the first gas supply channel 201 to a certain extent, thereby driving out or isolating the outside air. This can guide and assist the protective gas output from the first gas supply channel 201 to be delivered to the welding area as much as possible, thereby enhancing the gas protection effect of the welding area and improving the welding quality. In addition, it can also reduce the amount of welding particle spatter during the welding process to a certain extent, further reducing the risks of narrowing or even blocking of the protective gas channel, obstruction of welding wire feeding, short circuit and burnout of welding torch, obstruction of welding torch movement, or welding interruption caused by welding spatter particles adhering to the nozzle structure 200, gas support structure 300, welding wire 400, or workpiece 500.

[0047] like Figure 5As shown, in some specific embodiments, two anti-collision posts 310 are provided, with the two anti-collision posts 310 respectively arranged on both sides of the second nozzle section 220 along its length. In this embodiment, one anti-collision post 310 is provided on each side of the second nozzle section 220 along its length. The two anti-collision posts 310 are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the nozzle structure 200 in the direction of travel during operation, ensuring narrow-gap bevel welding operations, and blocking the protective gas output from the first gas supply channel 201 between the protective gases output from the two second gas supply channels 301, further driving away or isolating the outside air, so as to guide and assist the protective gas output from the first gas supply channel 201 to be delivered to the welding area as much as possible, enhancing the gas protection effect, further reducing the amount of welding particle spatter during the welding process, and improving welding quality and efficiency. Optionally, the left and right ends of the two anti-collision posts 310 protrude outward from the left and right ends of the second nozzle section 220, which can prevent the second nozzle section 220 from being damaged by collisions in the front, rear, left, and right directions. In other embodiments, two, three, or even more anti-collision posts 310 may be provided on both sides of the second nozzle portion 220 along the length direction to enhance the anti-collision effect. The two anti-collision posts 310 are provided with protective surfaces 3121 that match the outer surface of the nozzle structure 200 on one side opposite to the nozzle structure 200, so as to better protect the nozzle structure 200 from collisions.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, in some specific embodiments, the air support structure 300 also includes a mounting platform 320. The mounting platform 320 is provided with a mounting channel 321 for mounting the nozzle structure 200 along its axial direction. The mounting channel 321 is located at the center of the mounting platform 320. The anti-collision post 310 is connected to the mounting platform 320 and arranged outside the mounting channel 321. The structure is simple and easy to process. The anti-collision post 310 and the mounting platform 320 are integrally formed, and the structure is stable and sturdy, which facilitates quick assembly or disassembly.

[0049] like Figure 9As shown, in some specific embodiments, the anti-collision post 310 includes a first post portion 311 protruding from one side of the mounting platform 320 and a second post portion 312 protruding from the other side of the mounting platform 320. The first post portion 311 has a gas connection portion 314 for connecting to an external auxiliary gas supply mechanism at one end away from the mounting platform 320, and the second post portion 312 has a gas ejection portion 313 for ejecting protective gas at one end away from the mounting platform 320. The second gas supply channel 301 is arranged to pass through the gas connection portion 314, the first post portion 311, the mounting platform 320, the second post portion 312 and the gas ejection portion 313 in sequence. The protective gas output by the external auxiliary gas supply mechanism is output to the outside through the second gas supply channel 301 in the gas connection portion 314, the first post portion 311, the mounting platform 320, the second post portion 312 and the gas ejection portion 313 in sequence. The distance between the gas ejection end plane 3010 and the welding wire extension end plane 401 is less than the distance between the second nozzle end plane 2010 and the welding wire extension end plane 401. That is, the ejection position of the second gas supply channel 301 is further outward than the ejection position of the first gas supply channel 201. This makes it more advantageous for the protective gas output from the second gas supply channel 301 to isolate the protective gas output from the first gas supply channel 201 inside it, so as to guide and assist the protective gas output from the first gas supply channel 201 to be delivered into the welding area as much as possible, thereby enhancing the gas protection effect.

[0050] In some specific embodiments, the mounting platform 320 also has a nozzle base 322 protruding from one side of the mounting platform 320. The nozzle base 322 is a ring structure with a base channel 3221 that runs through it along its axial direction and communicates with the mounting channel 321. The first nozzle part 210 is fitted into the base channel 3221 and the mounting channel 321. The first nozzle part 210 and the nozzle base 322 are fixedly connected by fasteners 600. The nozzle base 322 has a fastening channel 3222 that runs through it radially, allowing the fasteners 600 to extend into the base channel 3221. The air support structure 300 and the nozzle structure 200 are fastened together by fasteners 600 extending from the fastening channel 3222 into the fastening channel 3222 and abutting or connecting with the outer wall of the first nozzle part 210. This allows for easy disassembly and replacement of different models of nozzle structures 200 to meet different welding requirements. The second nozzle section 220 is located on the side of the mounting platform 320 away from the nozzle base 322, facilitating welding operations within the welding groove. The first column section 311 is located outside the base channel 3221, and the protective surface 3121 is located inside the second column section 312. The protective surface 3121, the mounting channel 321, and the base channel 3221 work together to protect and constrain the nozzle structure 200, resulting in a stable connection and good anti-collision effect.

[0051] like Figure 5As shown, in some specific embodiments, the end face of the second column 312 away from the mounting platform 320 is flush with or substantially flush with the end face of the second nozzle 220 away from the mounting platform 320, wherein the vertical distance between substantially flush and flush is -2 to 2 mm, ensuring that the protective surface 3121 provides relatively complete anti-collision protection for the second nozzle 220. Of course, in other embodiments, the end face of the second column 312 away from the mounting platform 320 may also be significantly greater than or lower than the end face of the second nozzle 220 away from the mounting platform 320 by a certain distance, which can also provide anti-collision protection for the nozzle structure 200 to a certain extent. The gas ejection portion 313 extends beyond the end face of the second column portion 312 away from the mounting platform 320. The protective surface 3121 is flush with the inner wall of the mounting channel 321 and extends from the end of the second column portion 312 near the mounting platform 320 to the end away from the mounting platform 320. That is, the protective surface 3121 is the entire inner surface of the second column portion 312, which further ensures that the protective surface 3121 has a more complete anti-collision protection function for the second nozzle portion 220. In other embodiments, the protective surface 3121 may only be a part of the inner surface of the second column portion 312, which can also provide anti-collision protection for the nozzle structure 200.

[0052] like Figure 8 As shown, in some specific embodiments, the two outer surfaces of the second nozzle portion 220 arranged along the width direction are configured as mutually parallel planar structures 221, and the two outer surfaces of the second nozzle portion 220 arranged along the length direction are configured as arc-shaped surface structures 222. The outer surface of the first nozzle portion 210 is provided with a cylindrical surface structure 211 and an inclined plane structure 212. The arc-shaped surface structure 222 is connected to and flush with the cylindrical surface structure 211, ensuring the flatness of the outer surface of the nozzle structure 200. During welding, the second nozzle portion 220 can be inserted into the welding groove for operation. The planar structure 221 and the cylindrical surface structure 211 are connected by the inclined plane structure 212. The overall structural design is simple and convenient for production and processing. Furthermore, the inclined plane structure 212 can be inserted into the welding groove for operation, increasing the depth of the nozzle structure 200 inserted into the welding groove. Figure 9As shown, the protective surface 3121 is configured as a first arc-shaped structure that matches the cylindrical surface structure 211 and the arc-shaped surface structure 222. The inner wall of the mounting channel 321 is configured as an inner cylindrical arc-shaped structure that matches the cylindrical surface structure 211. The arc-shaped design results in more uniform force distribution and better anti-collision performance. The protective surface 3121 is flush with the inner wall of the mounting channel 321, resulting in a simple structure that is more compatible with the nozzle structure 200. In addition, the outer peripheral side of the mounting platform 320 is configured as an outer cylindrical arc-shaped structure, and the side of the second column 312 that is arranged opposite to the nozzle structure 200 is configured as a second arc-shaped structure 3122 that matches the outer peripheral side of the mounting platform 320, preventing scratches with the workpiece 500 and other external objects. Optionally, the outer side of the second column 312 is flush with the outer peripheral side of the mounting platform 320 to ensure the flatness of the outer side of the air support structure 300. The two inner sides of the second nozzle section 220 arranged along the width direction and the two inner sides of the second nozzle section 220 arranged along the length direction are connected to each other and enclose to form an inner ring structure. The inner ring structure and the outer ring structure are arranged coaxially and proportionally. The inner side of the first nozzle section 210 and the outer side of the first nozzle section 210 are arranged coaxially and proportionally, which facilitates processing.

[0053] like Figure 9 As shown, in some specific embodiments, the second column portion 312 includes a second column body 3123 and a second column reinforcing block 3124. The distance between the two outer sides of the second column body 3123 arranged along the width direction of the second nozzle portion 220 is the same as or substantially the same as the distance between the two outer sides of the second nozzle portion 220 arranged along the width direction. The difference between substantially the same and the same is within -2 to 2 mm, ensuring that the protective surface 3121 provides relatively complete anti-collision protection for the second nozzle portion 220. The adjacent sides of the second column reinforcing block 3124 are respectively connected to the side of the mounting platform 320 away from the nozzle base 322 and the side of the second column body 3123 arranged along the width direction of the second nozzle portion 220, which has the functions of strengthening the connection strength between the second column body 3123 and the mounting platform 320 and increasing the protective surface 3121. The distance between the second column reinforcement block 3124 and the second nozzle portion 220 is greater than the distance between the end of the inclined plane structure 212 near the mounting platform 320 and the second nozzle portion 220. That is, the second column reinforcement block 3124 is arranged on the side of the inclined plane structure 212 near the mounting platform 320, so as to avoid the second column reinforcement block 3124 from obstructing the plane structure 221 and the inclined plane structure 212 from extending into the bevel.

[0054] like Figure 4As shown, in some specific embodiments, the conductive structure 100 further includes a conductive rod 120, an adapter 140, and a conductive connection part 130 for docking with an external wire feeding mechanism. One end of the conductive rod 120 is connected to the conductive nozzle 110, and the other end of the conductive rod 120 is connected to the conductive connection part 130. Wire feeding channels 101 are respectively provided along their axes in the conductive connection part 130 and the conductive rod 120. The welding wire 400 output by the external wire feeding mechanism passes through the conductive connection part 130, the conductive rod 120, and the conductive nozzle 110 in sequence, extending out of the outlet end of the conductive nozzle 110. A gas channel 102 for outputting protective gas is provided radially through the conductive rod 120. The gas channel 102 is connected to the wire feeding channel 101. After installation, the gas channel 102 is connected to the first gas supply channel 201. The protective gas is output through the gas channel 102 to the first gas supply channel 201 and then ejected to the outside from the outlet end of the nozzle structure 200. The width of the wire feeding channel 101 inside the conductive connection part 130 and the conductive rod 120 is greater than the width of the welding wire 400, so as to allow the protective gas output by the external gas supply mechanism to be output into the first gas supply channel 201 sequentially through the wire feeding channel 101 and the gas channel 102 inside the conductive connection part 130 and the conductive rod 120. The adapter 140 is configured as a cylindrical structure, and the outer wall of the adapter 140 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the first nozzle part 210. The conductive connection part 130 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the adapter 140, which facilitates disassembly and replacement to match different models of nozzle structures 200. Of course, in some other embodiments, the adapter 140 and the first nozzle part 210, or the adapter 140 and the conductive connection part 130, can also be detachably connected by screws, clips or other means. After installation, the conductive rod 120 is arranged inside the first nozzle section 210, and the conductive rod 120 and the conductive nozzle 110 are arranged inside the first air supply channel 201. The conductive nozzle 110 passes through the second nozzle section 220 and extends out of the second nozzle section 220, so that the protective gas enters the first air supply channel 201 inside the first nozzle section 210 through the gas channel 102 and is ejected at high speed through the flat structure of the second nozzle section 220. The two side walls of the second nozzle section 220 arranged along the width direction are respectively arranged close to the two sides of the conductive nozzle 110. The distance between the two side walls of the second nozzle section 220 arranged along the length direction is greater than the distance between the two side walls of the second nozzle section 220 arranged along the width direction, so as to ensure that there is a sufficient gap between the second nozzle section 220 and the conductive nozzle 110 to allow the protective gas to pass through and ensure the gas protection effect.

[0055] In some specific embodiments, the nozzle structure 200 is made of ceramic material, which has excellent high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and mechanical strength. In other embodiments, the nozzle structure 200 may also be made by spraying a layer of ceramic insulating material onto the metal material, or by using other high-temperature resistant and insulating materials, all of which can prevent the risk of welding interruption due to short circuits in the welding torch. The air support structure 300 is made of metal material, such as copper, brass, or chromium zirconium copper, which has high strength and can protect the nozzle structure 200 from damage due to accidental impact.

[0056] like Figure 5 , 7 As shown, in some specific embodiments, the outer diameter of the second nozzle portion 220 in the width direction is X1, where 9mm ≤ X1 ≤ 14mm, preferably 9mm ≤ X1 < 10mm, which can achieve a high-quality narrow-gap welding effect. The inner diameter of the second nozzle portion 220 in the width direction is X2, where 5mm ≤ X2 ≤ 8mm, preferably 5mm < X2 ≤ 6mm, so that there is a small gap between the inner wall of the second nozzle portion 220 and the conductive nozzle 110, which facilitates the installation and removal of the conductive nozzle and prevents the conductive nozzle 110 from damaging the nozzle structure 200. The outer diameter of the second nozzle portion 220 in the length direction is Y1, where 16mm ≤ Y1 ≤ 25mm, preferably 20mm ≤ Y1 < 25mm; the inner diameter of the second nozzle portion 220 in the length direction is Y2, where 14mm ≤ Y2 ≤ 23mm, preferably 18mm ≤ Y2 ≤ 23mm, which can ensure sufficient output of protective gas while facilitating free movement of the nozzle structure 200 within the bevel. The length of the conductive nozzle 110 extending beyond the second nozzle portion 220 is Z, where 3mm≤Z≤12mm, preferably 3mm<Z≤7mm, which can ensure that the protective gas is delivered as close to the welding pool as possible while significantly increasing the distance between the nozzle structure 200 outlet end and the welding pool.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0058] In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas metal arc welding torch with narrow gap, characterized in that, include: A conductive structure, including a conductive nozzle with a wire feeding channel; The nozzle structure is made of high-temperature resistant insulating material and is fitted outside the conductive structure. It includes a first nozzle part and a second nozzle part connected to the first nozzle part. The second nozzle part is configured as a flat structure. The first nozzle part and the second nozzle part are provided with a first gas delivery channel for delivering protective gas along their axial direction. After installation, the conductive nozzle passes through the first nozzle part and the second nozzle part in sequence and extends out of the second nozzle part. The air support structure includes at least two anti-collision posts, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the second nozzle section along the length direction. A second gas delivery channel for delivering protective gas is provided in the anti-collision post along its axial direction. The output direction of the second gas delivery channel is consistent with that of the first gas delivery channel. The two anti-collision posts are respectively provided with protective surfaces that match the outer surface of the nozzle structure on the side opposite to the nozzle structure. The air support structure also includes an installation platform, which has an installation channel for mounting the nozzle structure along its axial direction; the anti-collision post includes a second post portion protruding from one side of the installation platform; the installation platform also has a nozzle base protruding from one side of the installation platform in the middle, which has a base channel communicating with the installation channel along its axial direction, and the first nozzle portion is fitted into the base channel and the installation channel; The two outer surfaces of the second nozzle part arranged along the width direction are set as mutually parallel planar structures, and the two outer surfaces of the second nozzle part arranged along the length direction are set as arc surface structures. The outer surface of the first nozzle part is provided with a cylindrical surface structure and an inclined plane structure. The arc surface structure is connected to the cylindrical surface structure and is flush with it. The planar structure is connected to the cylindrical surface structure through the inclined plane structure. The protective surface is set as a first arc surface structure that matches the cylindrical surface structure and the arc surface structure. The second column includes a second column body and a second column reinforcing block. The difference between the distance between the two outer sides of the second column body arranged along the width direction of the second nozzle and the distance between the two outer sides of the second nozzle arranged along the width direction is -2 to 2 mm. The adjacent two sides of the second column reinforcing block are respectively connected to the side of the mounting platform away from the nozzle base and the side of the second column body arranged along the width direction of the second nozzle. The distance between the second column reinforcing block and the second nozzle is greater than the distance between the end of the inclined plane structure near the mounting platform and the second nozzle.

2. The gas metal arc welding torch with narrow gap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-collision posts are connected to the installation platform and arranged outside the installation channel; The anti-collision post includes a first column portion protruding from the other side of the mounting platform. The first column portion has a gas connection portion for connecting to an external auxiliary gas supply mechanism at one end away from the mounting platform. The second column portion has a gas ejection portion for ejecting protective gas at one end away from the mounting platform. The distance between the outlet end plane of the gas ejection portion and the welding wire protrusion end plane is less than the distance between the outlet end plane of the second nozzle portion and the welding wire protrusion end plane.

3. The gas metal arc welding torch with narrow gap according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first nozzle portion is fixedly connected to the nozzle base by fasteners. The nozzle base has a fastening channel extending radially into the base channel for the fasteners to extend into. The second nozzle portion is arranged on the side of the mounting platform away from the nozzle base. The first column portion is arranged outside the base channel. The protective surface is arranged inside the second column portion.

4. The gas metal arc welding torch with narrow gap according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vertical distance between the end face of the second column portion away from the mounting platform and the end face of the second nozzle portion away from the mounting platform is -2 to 2 mm. The gas ejection portion extends beyond the end face of the second column portion away from the mounting platform. The protective surface is flush with the inner wall of the mounting channel and extends from the end of the second column portion near the mounting platform to the end away from the mounting platform.

5. The gas metal arc welding torch with narrow gap according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side of the second column is flush with the outer periphery of the mounting platform.

6. The gas metal arc welding torch with narrow gap according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conductive structure further includes a conductive rod, an adapter, and a conductive connection for docking with an external wire feeding mechanism. One end of the conductive rod is connected to a conductive nozzle, and the other end of the conductive rod is connected to the conductive connection. The conductive rod has a gas channel for outputting protective gas through it radially. The adapter extends into the first nozzle section and is detachably connected to the nozzle structure. The conductive connection is detachably connected to the adapter. After installation, the conductive rod is arranged inside the first nozzle section.

7. The gas metal arc welding torch with narrow gap according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The nozzle structure is made of ceramic material, and the air support structure is made of metal material.

8. The gas metal arc welding torch with narrow gap according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the second nozzle portion in the width direction is X1, where 9mm≤X1≤14mm; the inner diameter of the second nozzle portion in the width direction is X2, where 5mm≤X2≤8mm; the outer diameter of the second nozzle portion in the length direction is Y1, where 16mm≤Y1≤25mm; the length of the conductive structure extending out of the second nozzle portion is Z, where 3mm≤Z≤12mm.

Images