An abnormality detection method and device for shielded metal arc welding

Abstract

The application provides an abnormality detection method and device for shielded metal arc welding. The method comprises the following steps: after shielded metal arc welding is started in a constant current mode, a first voltage and a first current are acquired in real time; an arc voltage is determined based on the first voltage, the first current and a first resistance obtained in advance; an actual arc resistance is determined based on the first current and the arc voltage; and an abnormality detection process is performed on the shielded metal arc welding based on the actual arc resistance and a preset standard arc resistance. According to the method, whether the welding is abnormal can be determined by detecting the change of the arc resistance, the abnormality detection process can be performed in time when the shielded metal arc welding is abnormal, the occurrence of welding defects can be effectively avoided, the intelligentization of the shielded metal arc welding is realized, and the welding efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of welding technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for detecting anomalies in shielded metal arc welding. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to metal inert gas welding (MIG), metal active gas welding (MAG), and tungsten inert gas welding (TIG), the welding operation techniques are relatively more difficult.

[0003] Currently, because shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) lacks a welding torch switch control and arc initiation requires wiping or lifting, issues such as electrode sticking or unsuccessful arc initiation are prone to occur during the arc initiation process. Furthermore, the consumption of welding electrodes during welding necessitates constant adjustments to the welding torch position by the welder, and the electrode must be moved away from the base material to finish welding. Therefore, SMAW is susceptible to welding abnormalities due to excessively large or small distances between the electrode and the base material during arc initiation, welding, and termination.

[0004] Therefore, how to handle abnormal welding during shielded metal arc welding and effectively avoid welding defects has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the issue of how to handle abnormal welding during shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and effectively prevent welding defects, this application provides a method and apparatus for detecting abnormalities in SMAW.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an anomaly detection method for shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). The method includes: after SMAW begins in constant current mode, acquiring a first voltage and a first current in real time; the first voltage refers to the voltage at the output terminal of the welding power source; the first current refers to the current at the output terminal of the welding power source; determining an arc voltage based on the first voltage, the first current, and a pre-obtained first resistance; the first resistance refers to the resistance of the welding cable at the output terminal of the welding power source; determining an actual arc resistance based on the first current and the arc voltage; and performing anomaly detection processing on the SMAW based on the actual arc resistance and a preset standard arc resistance; the preset standard arc resistance includes a preset upper limit and a preset lower limit.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: determining a thrust current based on a preset current, a preset thrust value, and the first voltage; generating a second current; the second current being the sum of the thrust current and the preset current; obtaining a first upper limit and a first lower limit of arc resistance corresponding to the second current; and determining that the first upper limit and the first lower limit of arc resistance are the preset upper limit and the preset lower limit of arc resistance, respectively.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: determining a thrust current based on a preset current, a preset thrust value, and the first voltage; generating a second current; the second current being the sum of the thrust current and the preset current; obtaining a first upper limit and a first lower limit of arc resistance corresponding to the second current; obtaining preset upper limit adjustment values ​​and lower limit adjustment values; generating a second upper limit and a second lower limit of arc resistance; the second upper limit of arc resistance being the sum of the first upper limit of arc resistance and the upper limit adjustment value; the second lower limit of arc resistance being the sum of the first lower limit of arc resistance and the lower limit adjustment value; and determining that the second upper limit of arc resistance and the second lower limit of arc resistance are respectively the preset upper limit of arc resistance and the preset lower limit of arc resistance.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the abnormal detection processing of the electrode arc welding based on the actual arc resistance and the preset standard arc resistance includes: if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance, and the actual arc resistance remains less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance for a period of time greater than a first preset duration, the constant current mode is switched to a no-output mode; if the first current is less than a first preset current threshold, the no-output mode is switched to a low no-load mode; and based on the first voltage and electrical protection parameters, electrode arc welding is performed again in constant current mode.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: after the start of shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode, if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance within a second preset time period, determining a first determination time as the first preset time period; or, after the start of shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode, if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance after a second preset time period, determining a second determination time as the first preset time period; the second determination time is less than the first determination time.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the abnormal detection processing of the electrode arc welding based on the actual arc resistance and the preset standard arc resistance includes: if the actual arc resistance is detected to be greater than the preset upper limit of arc resistance, and the actual arc resistance is greater than the preset upper limit of arc resistance for a period of time greater than a third preset time, the constant current mode is switched to a no-output mode; based on the first current and electrical protection parameters, electrode arc welding is performed again in constant current mode.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an anomaly detection device for shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). The device includes: an acquisition unit, configured to acquire a first voltage and a first current in real time after the start of SMAW in constant current mode; the first voltage refers to the voltage at the output terminal of the welding power source; the first current refers to the current at the output terminal of the welding power source; a determination unit, configured to determine the arc voltage based on the first voltage, the first current, and a pre-obtained first resistance; the first resistance refers to the resistance of the welding cable at the output terminal of the welding power source; and to determine the actual arc resistance based on the arc voltage and the first current; and a processing unit, configured to perform anomaly detection processing on the SMAW based on the actual arc resistance and a preset standard arc resistance; the preset standard arc resistance includes a preset upper limit and a preset lower limit.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the determining unit is further configured to: determine a thrust current based on a preset current, a preset thrust value, and the first voltage; generate a second current; the second current being the sum of the thrust current and the preset current; obtain a first upper limit and a first lower limit of arc resistance corresponding to the second current; and determine that the first upper limit and the first lower limit of arc resistance are the preset upper limit and the preset lower limit of arc resistance, respectively.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the determining unit is further configured to: determine a thrust current based on a preset current, a preset thrust value, and the first voltage; generate a second current; the second current being the sum of the thrust current and the preset current; obtain a first upper limit and a first lower limit of arc resistance corresponding to the second current; obtain preset upper limit adjustment values ​​and lower limit adjustment values; generate a second upper limit and a second lower limit of arc resistance; the second upper limit of arc resistance being the sum of the first upper limit of arc resistance and the upper limit adjustment value; the second lower limit of arc resistance being the sum of the first lower limit of arc resistance and the lower limit adjustment value; and determine that the second upper limit of arc resistance and the second lower limit of arc resistance are respectively the preset upper limit of arc resistance and the preset lower limit of arc resistance.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the processing unit is used to perform anomaly detection processing on the electrode arc welding based on the actual arc resistance and the preset standard arc resistance. Specifically, the processing unit is used to: if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance, and the actual arc resistance remains less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance for a period of time greater than a first preset duration, switch the constant current mode to a no-output mode; if the first current is less than a first preset current threshold, switch the no-output mode to a low no-load mode; and re-perform electrode arc welding in constant current mode based on the first voltage and electrical protection parameters.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the determining unit is further configured to: after the start of shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode, if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance within a second preset time period, determine the first determination time as the first preset time period; or, after the start of shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode, if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance after the second preset time period, determine the second determination time as the first preset time period; the second determination time is less than the first determination time.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the processing unit is used to perform anomaly detection processing on the electrode arc welding based on the actual arc resistance and the preset standard arc resistance. Specifically, the processing unit is used to: if the actual arc resistance is detected to be greater than the preset upper limit of arc resistance, and the actual arc resistance is greater than the preset upper limit of arc resistance for a period of time greater than a third preset time, switch the constant current mode to a no-output mode; and re-perform electrode arc welding in constant current mode based on the first current and electrical protection parameters.

[0018] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a welding system, which includes the abnormality detection device for shielded metal arc welding described in the second aspect.

[0019] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method described in the first aspect.

[0020] Fifthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for performing the method described in the first aspect.

[0021] This application provides a method and apparatus for detecting anomalies in shielded metal arc welding. This method allows for the real-time acquisition of parameters such as the first voltage and first current during the shielded metal arc welding process to determine the actual arc resistance. Furthermore, it uses a pre-set standard arc resistance to determine whether the calculated actual arc resistance is abnormal, thereby effectively preventing welding defects or arcing. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an abnormality detection method for shielded metal arc welding provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting anomalies in shielded metal arc welding based on actual arc resistance and a preset standard arc resistance, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating another method for detecting anomalies in shielded metal arc welding based on actual arc resistance and a preset standard arc resistance, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating an abnormality detection method for electrode arc welding with no electrical protection parameters provided in this application embodiment.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating an abnormality detection method for electrode arc welding with electrical protection parameters provided in this application embodiment.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of an abnormality detection device for shielded metal arc welding provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Through these descriptions, the features and advantages of the present application will become clearer and more apparent.

[0031] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments. Although various aspects of embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0032] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0033] To facilitate understanding, the application scenarios of the technical solution in this application will be introduced first.

[0034] Compared to metal inert gas welding (MIG), metal active gas welding (MAG), and tungsten inert gas welding (TIG), the welding operation techniques are relatively more difficult.

[0035] Currently, because shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) lacks a welding torch switch control and arc initiation requires wiping or lifting, issues such as electrode sticking or unsuccessful arc initiation are prone to occur during the arc initiation process. Furthermore, due to electrode consumption during welding, the welder needs to constantly adjust the welding torch position, and at the end of welding, the electrode must be moved away from the base material to finish the weld. Therefore, SMAW is susceptible to welding abnormalities caused by excessively large or small distances between the electrode and the base material during arc initiation, welding, and termination.

[0036] Therefore, in the process of shielded metal arc welding, how to quickly detect whether welding abnormalities have occurred, and how to deal with them in a timely manner when welding abnormalities occur, so as to effectively avoid welding defects or arcing, has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

[0037] Through specific applications and research, the inventors discovered that the characteristics of abnormal welding are related to changes in the distance between the electrode tip and the base material. For shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), when the distance decreases, the voltage decreases without thrust; when thrust is applied, the current increases, and the voltage increases due to the increased current. Conversely, when the distance increases, the voltage increases. In other words, during SMAW, changes in the distance between the electrode tip and the base material cause changes in both current and voltage. Based on this, the ratio of the voltage to the current output of the welding power source, i.e., the arc resistance (hereinafter referred to as arc resistance), can be used as a factor in determining whether a change in electrode distance indicates abnormal welding.

[0038] Based on this, this application provides an abnormality detection method and device for shielded metal arc welding, which determines whether an abnormality has occurred in the welding by detecting changes in the actual arc resistance, thereby effectively avoiding welding defects or arcing.

[0039] The method for detecting abnormalities in shielded metal arc welding provided in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an anomaly detection method for shielded metal arc welding provided in an embodiment of this application. This method can be applied to terminal equipment or controllers installed in welding systems. The following description uses a controller installed in a welding system (hereinafter referred to as the controller) as an example to illustrate an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0041] Step S101: After the shielded metal arc welding starts in constant current mode, the first voltage and the first current are acquired in real time; the first voltage refers to the voltage at the output terminal of the welding power supply; the first current refers to the current at the output terminal of the welding power supply.

[0042] Constant current (CC) mode refers to a welding power source with a constant output current during the welding process.

[0043] In one possible implementation, after the welding equipment is turned on but before shielded metal arc welding is performed, the controller puts the welding equipment into standby mode, i.e., no current output. At this time, some welding parameters can be preset according to the welding requirements.

[0044] Optionally, before starting shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode, welding parameters that can be preset according to actual needs may include preset current, preset thrust value, etc.

[0045] Optionally, after the start of shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode, the controller can perform welding based on pre-set welding parameters. Furthermore, after welding begins, the controller can acquire the first voltage and first current during the welding process in real time.

[0046] Step S102: Determine the arc voltage based on the first voltage, the first current, and the pre-obtained first resistance; the first resistance refers to the resistance of the welding cable at the output end of the welding power supply.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the arc voltage is determined using the following formula:

[0048] U h =U d -I d *R s

[0049] Among them, U h U is the arc voltage. d For the first voltage, I d For the first current, R s The first resistor is the resistance of the welding cable at the output of the welding power supply.

[0050] Step S103: Determine the actual arc resistance based on the first current and arc voltage.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the actual arc resistance is determined using the following formula:

[0052]

[0053] Among them, R h U is the actual arc resistance. h I is the arc voltage. d This is the first current.

[0054] Step S104: Based on the actual arc resistance and the preset standard arc resistance, perform abnormal detection and processing on the electrode arc welding; the preset standard arc resistance includes the preset upper limit and the preset lower limit of arc resistance.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the correspondence between different currents and the upper and lower limits of arc resistance can be preset.

[0056] Based on this, before executing step S104, the controller can first determine the thrust current based on the preset current, the preset thrust value, and the first voltage; then, it generates a second current, where the second current is the sum of the thrust current and the preset current. Afterwards, according to the pre-set correspondence between the current and the upper and lower limits of the arc resistance, the controller can look up the lower limit of the arc resistance (hereinafter referred to as the first lower limit of the arc resistance) and the upper limit of the arc resistance (hereinafter referred to as the first upper limit of the arc resistance) corresponding to the second current. Then, the controller can determine the first upper limit of the arc resistance and the first lower limit of the arc resistance as the preset upper limit of the arc resistance and the preset lower limit of the arc resistance, respectively.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the controller may further determine the preset upper and lower arc resistance limits as follows: Based on a preset current, a preset thrust value, and a first voltage, a thrust current can be determined. A second current is generated, wherein the second current is the sum of the thrust current and the preset current. Then, by acquiring the first upper and lower arc resistance limits corresponding to the second current, and acquiring preset upper and lower limit adjustment values, a second upper and lower arc resistance limit is generated; wherein the second upper arc resistance limit is the sum of the first upper arc resistance limit and the upper limit adjustment value; the second lower arc resistance limit is the sum of the first lower arc resistance limit and the lower limit adjustment value. Subsequently, the controller may determine the second upper and lower arc resistance limits as the preset upper and lower arc resistance limits, respectively.

[0058] For example, the controller queries and obtains the lower limit and upper limit of the first arc resistance corresponding to the second current as R, respectively. d and R u Then the controller can use the following formula R d +R dj The calculation result is determined as the preset lower limit of arc resistance, and the following formula R is used. u +R uj The calculation result is determined as the preset upper limit of arc resistance. Wherein, R dj R is the preset lower limit adjustment value. uj This is a preset upper limit adjustment value. In this way, the possibility of judging the actual arc resistance as abnormal arc resistance is reduced, so as to reduce the probability of some welding processes with low requirements being judged as having abnormal arc resistance.

[0059] In one possible implementation, when the first voltage is less than a first voltage threshold, a thrust is output. The smaller the first voltage, the greater the thrust, primarily to prevent the welding rod from sticking together. If a decreasing trend in the first current is detected during welding, the controller will automatically provide thrust compensation, increasing the current to prevent arc interruption. Therefore, the smaller the first voltage, the greater the thrust, and the greater the increase in thrust current.

[0060] Based on this, in one possible implementation, when the first voltage is less than the first voltage threshold, the thrust current is determined using the following formula:

[0061] I t =I y *T y *k

[0062] Among them, I t For thrust current, I y For the preset current, T y The preset thrust value is given by k, which is a coefficient related to the first voltage.

[0063] In one possible implementation, when the first voltage is greater than or equal to the first voltage threshold, no thrust is required, i.e., the thrust current is zero.

[0064] Based on this, the second current is determined using the following formula:

[0065] I h =I t +I y

[0066] Among them, I h For the second current, I t For thrust current, I y The preset current is the current. The second current is the sum of the thrust current and the preset current.

[0067] It is understandable that when the first voltage is greater than or equal to the first voltage threshold, the thrust current is zero, and ultimately the second current I... h Equal to the preset current I y , that is I h =I y .

[0068] Optionally, if the actual arc resistance (hereinafter referred to as actual arc resistance) is within the range of the preset lower limit and the preset upper limit of arc resistance, that is, the actual arc resistance is greater than or equal to the preset lower limit of arc resistance and less than or equal to the preset upper limit of arc resistance, then the actual arc resistance is determined to be normal arc resistance, the current is output normally, and welding work is carried out without any abnormal detection processing for shielded metal arc welding. Conversely, if the actual arc resistance is not within the range of the preset lower limit and the preset upper limit of arc resistance, for example, the actual arc resistance is less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance, or the actual arc resistance is greater than the preset upper limit of arc resistance, then the controller determines that the actual arc resistance is abnormal arc resistance, and abnormal detection processing for shielded metal arc welding is required.

[0069] In one possible implementation, if the actual arc resistance is less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance, then according to... Figure 2 The method shown is used to detect and process abnormal arc resistance that is less than the preset lower limit:

[0070] Step S201: If the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance, and the actual arc resistance remains less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance for a period of time longer than the first preset time, the constant current mode is switched to the no-output mode.

[0071] Among them, the no-output mode is an output mode with no current and no voltage.

[0072] In actual welding, to avoid misjudgment, a delay time is added when an abnormal arc resistance occurs, i.e. a short circuit occurs between the welding rod and the base material due to insufficient distance.

[0073] Optionally, a short circuit may occur during the arc ignition process. Optionally, a short circuit may also occur during the welding process. Based on this, the delay time may optionally be the delay time t for a short circuit occurring during the arc ignition process. 1f Optionally, the delay time can also be the delay time t in case of a short circuit during the welding process. 1p Adding a delay time is equivalent to adding a filter, which can prevent misjudgments and help improve welding efficiency.

[0074] In one possible implementation, when the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than a preset lower limit, the actual arc resistance can be considered abnormal. In this case, if the delay time after the abnormal arc resistance occurs exceeds a first preset duration—that is, after the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit, the actual arc resistance remains less than the preset lower limit for a period longer than the first preset duration, or in other words, the actual arc resistance remains less than the preset lower limit for a period longer than the first preset duration—then the current and voltage output is stopped. This switches the constant current mode to a no-output mode, effectively preventing the welding electrode from sticking to the base material and causing arcing.

[0075] Optionally, after the start of shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode, if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance within a second preset time period, it can be considered that an arc resistance abnormality may have occurred during the arc ignition stage. The controller can then determine the preset first judgment time as the first preset time period. Both the second preset time period and the first judgment time can be set according to the requirements of the actual application scenario.

[0076] Optionally, after the start of shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode, if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance after a second preset time, it can be considered that an arc resistance abnormality may have occurred during the welding stage. The controller can then determine the preset second determination time as the first preset time. The second determination time is shorter than the first determination time. The second determination time can also be set according to the needs of the actual application scenario.

[0077] In other words, if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance within the second preset time period, it can be considered that an arc resistance anomaly may have occurred during the arc ignition stage. If the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance after the second preset time period has elapsed, it can be considered that an arc resistance anomaly may have occurred during the welding stage. Moreover, the value of the first preset time period when the arc resistance anomaly occurs during the arc ignition stage is different from the value of the first preset time period when the arc resistance anomaly occurs during the welding stage; the value of the first preset time period when the arc resistance anomaly occurs during the welding stage is less than the value of the first preset time period when the arc resistance anomaly occurs during the arc ignition stage.

[0078] For example, if an arc resistance anomaly occurs during the arc ignition stage, the first judgment time can be 2 seconds, meaning the first preset duration is 2 seconds. If an arc resistance anomaly occurs during the welding stage, the second judgment time can be 0.5 seconds, meaning the first preset duration is 0.5 seconds.

[0079] Step S202: If the first current is less than the first preset current threshold, switch the no-output mode to the low no-load mode.

[0080] The first preset current threshold can be a fixed value greater than 0.

[0081] In one possible implementation, after switching to the no-output mode, the controller can determine whether the first current is less than a first preset current threshold. If the first current is less than the first preset current threshold, the no-output mode is switched to a low no-load mode. If the detected first current is greater than or equal to the first preset current threshold, the controller remains in the no-output mode until the detected first current is less than the first preset current threshold, at which point the no-output mode is switched back to the low no-load mode. The output voltage in the low no-load mode is lower than the output voltage in the no-load mode.

[0082] Step S203: Based on the first voltage and electrical protection parameters, perform shielded metal arc welding again in constant current mode.

[0083] After the controller switches from no-output mode to low-load mode, it can determine whether the welding rod has separated from the base material. Once separation is confirmed, electrode arc welding can be restarted in constant-current mode. Optionally, the controller can determine whether the welding rod has separated from the base material using a first voltage.

[0084] In addition, considering welding safety issues, anti-electric shock protection measures can be set up during the welding process. Welding scenarios with anti-electric shock protection measures will be identified as welding scenarios with electrical protection.

[0085] Based on this, when the controller determines whether the welding electrode has separated from the base material based on the first voltage, in one possible implementation, if the electrical protection parameter is "no" and the first voltage is greater than or equal to a preset voltage threshold, the controller can determine that the welding electrode has separated from the base material, and then the controller can switch from the low no-load mode to the no-load mode. Afterwards, if the first current is greater than or equal to a first preset current threshold, the welding electrode can be re-performed in constant current mode.

[0086] In one possible implementation, if the electrical protection parameter is present and the first voltage is greater than or equal to a preset voltage threshold, the controller can determine that the electrode has separated from the base material. Then, if the first current is greater than or equal to a first preset current threshold, electrode arc welding can be performed again in constant current mode.

[0087] By switching between different modes, when welding anomalies occur in shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) where the actual arc resistance is lower than the preset lower limit, the output of the first current or voltage can be controlled in a timely manner. This helps to control and handle abnormal arc resistance, preventing the electrode from sticking to the base material, thereby improving the efficiency of SMAW. Furthermore, when the electrical safety parameters are set to "electrical safety," switching from the no-output mode to the low-no-load mode not only detects whether the electrode has separated from the base material but also improves the safety level of the welding process.

[0088] In one possible implementation, if the actual arc resistance is greater than the preset upper limit of arc resistance, it can be implemented according to... Figure 3The method shown is used to detect and handle abnormal arc resistance exceeding the preset upper limit:

[0089] Step S301: If the actual arc resistance is detected to be greater than the preset upper limit of arc resistance, and the actual arc resistance is greater than the preset upper limit of arc resistance for a period of time longer than the third preset time, the constant current mode is switched to the no-output mode.

[0090] In one possible implementation, when the actual arc resistance is detected to be greater than the preset upper limit, the actual arc resistance can be considered abnormal. In this case, if the delay time exceeds the third preset duration after the abnormal arc resistance occurs—that is, after the actual arc resistance is detected to be greater than the preset upper limit, and the actual arc resistance remains greater than the preset upper limit for a period longer than the third preset duration, or in other words, the actual arc resistance remains greater than the preset upper limit for a period longer than the third preset duration—then the current and voltage output is stopped. This switches the constant current mode to a no-output mode, effectively preventing welding defects.

[0091] In other words, when the distance between the welding electrode and the base material is too large, which may lead to welding defects such as porosity, slag inclusion, incomplete penetration, and lack of fusion, the abnormal detection method for shielded metal arc welding provided in this application can promptly handle the abnormality when the actual arc resistance is detected to be greater than the preset upper limit of arc resistance, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of the aforementioned welding defects.

[0092] Step S302: Based on the first current and electrical protection parameters, perform shielded metal arc welding again in constant current mode.

[0093] In one possible implementation, after switching to the no-output mode, the controller can determine whether the first current is less than a first preset current threshold. If the first current is less than the first preset current threshold, the no-output mode is switched to an idle mode or a low idle mode. If the first current is detected to be greater than or equal to the first preset current threshold, the controller remains in the no-output mode until the first current is detected to be less than the first preset current threshold, at which point the no-output mode is switched to an idle mode or a low idle mode.

[0094] Optionally, different electrical protection parameters can be set to handle abnormal arc resistance accordingly. In one possible implementation, if the electrical protection parameter is set to "no" and the first current is less than a first preset current threshold, the controller can switch from the no-output mode to the no-load mode. Subsequently, if the first current is greater than or equal to the first preset current threshold, shielded metal arc welding can be performed again in constant current mode.

[0095] In one possible implementation, if the electrical protection parameter is set to "electrical protection present" and the first current is less than a first preset current threshold, the controller can switch from a no-output mode to a low no-load mode. Subsequently, if the first current is greater than or equal to the first preset current threshold, shielded metal arc welding can be resumed in constant current mode.

[0096] By switching between different modes, when welding anomalies occur in shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) where the actual arc resistance exceeds the preset upper limit, the voltage and current output of the welding power supply can be controlled in a timely manner. This helps to control and handle abnormal arc resistance, avoid welding defects, and thus improve the efficiency of SMAW. Furthermore, when the electrical safety parameters are set to "electrical safety," switching from the no-output mode to the low-no-load mode can improve the safety level of the welding process.

[0097] See Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating an abnormal detection method for shielded metal arc welding with no electrical protection parameters provided in this application embodiment. When the welding equipment enters constant current mode, it is in normal welding mode, at which time the state of abnormal arc resistance is determined. When the actual arc resistance is less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance and exceeds the first preset time t1, it is determined to be abnormal arc resistance 1 (at this time, the welding rod is stuck to the base material). In order to prevent the constant current mode from heating the welding rod, the constant current mode is stopped and switched to no output mode. In no output mode, the current detection is checked to see if there is no current, that is, whether the first current is less than the first preset current threshold. When the current detection is zero, that is, when the first current is less than the first preset current threshold, the no output mode is stopped and switched to low no-load mode; otherwise, it waits in no output mode for the current detection to be zero. In low no-load mode, it is determined whether the welding rod has left the base material, that is, by checking whether the first voltage is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold. If the first voltage is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, it can be determined that the welding rod has left the base material; after leaving the base material, the welding enters no-load mode to facilitate the next arc ignition; otherwise, it waits indefinitely for the welding rod to leave the base material. In no-load mode, the current detection is performed, that is, the detection is performed to determine whether the first current is greater than or equal to the first preset current threshold. When the current detection is performed, that is, when the first current is greater than or equal to the first preset current threshold, it indicates that the welding electrode is in contact with the base material, and the welding is performed in constant current mode.

[0098] When the actual arc resistance exceeds the preset upper limit and exceeds the third preset duration t2, it is determined to be abnormal arc resistance 2 (at this time, the welding rod is far away from the base material). To prevent arcing in the continuous constant current mode, the constant current mode is stopped and switched to no-output mode. At this time, the current detection is checked to see if there is no current, that is, to check if the first current is less than the first preset current threshold. When the current detection is zero, that is, when the first current is less than the first preset current threshold, the no-output mode is stopped and switched to no-load mode to prepare for the next arc ignition; otherwise, it remains in no-output mode waiting for the current detection to be zero. In no-load mode, the current detection is checked to see if there is current, that is, to check if the first current is greater than or equal to the first preset current threshold. When the current detection is checked to see if there is current, that is, when the first current is greater than or equal to the first preset current threshold, it indicates that the welding rod is in contact with the base material, and the constant current mode is entered for welding.

[0099] See Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating an abnormal detection method for electrode arc welding with electrical protection parameters provided in this application embodiment. When the welding equipment enters constant current mode, it is in normal welding mode, at which time the state of abnormal arc resistance is determined. When the actual arc resistance is less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance and exceeds the first preset time t1, it is determined to be abnormal arc resistance 1 (at this time, the electrode is stuck to the base material). In order to prevent the constant current mode from heating the electrode, the constant current mode is stopped and switched to no-output mode. In no-output mode, the current detection is performed to check if there is no current, that is, to check if the first current is less than the first preset current threshold. When the current detection is no, that is, when the first current is less than the first preset current threshold, the no-output mode is stopped and switched to low no-load mode; otherwise, it remains in no-output mode waiting for the current detection to be no. In low no-load mode, it is determined whether the welding electrode has left the base material, that is, by detecting whether the first voltage is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold. If the first voltage is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, it can be determined that the welding electrode has left the base material. After leaving the base material, the presence or absence of current is detected, that is, whether the first current is greater than or equal to the first preset current threshold. When the current is detected, that is, when the first current is greater than or equal to the first preset current threshold, it indicates that the welding electrode is in contact with the base material, and the constant current mode is entered for welding; otherwise, the welding electrode is waited for to leave the base material.

[0100] When the actual arc resistance exceeds the preset upper limit and exceeds the third preset duration t2, it is determined to be abnormal arc resistance 2 (at this time, the welding electrode is far away from the base material). To prevent arcing in the continuous constant current mode, the constant current mode is stopped and switched to the no-output mode. At this time, the current detection is checked to see if there is no current, that is, whether the first current is less than the first preset current threshold. When the current detection is zero, that is, when the first current is less than the first preset current threshold, the no-output mode is stopped and switched to the low no-load mode to facilitate the next arc ignition; otherwise, it remains in the no-output mode waiting for the current detection to be zero. In the low no-load mode, when the current detection is positive, that is, when the first current is greater than zero, it indicates that the welding electrode is in contact with the base material, and the constant current mode is entered for welding.

[0101] By switching between different modes, the voltage and current output of the welding power supply can be controlled in a timely manner when welding abnormalities occur in shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). This helps to control and handle abnormal arc resistance, preventing electrode adhesion to the base material or welding defects, and thus improving the efficiency of SMAW. Furthermore, when the electrical safety parameters are set to "electrical safety," switching from the no-output mode to a low-load mode not only detects whether the electrode has separated from the base material but also allows for standby operation, ensuring the welder's safety.

[0102] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely examples, and modifications can be made to the above embodiments in actual implementation. Those skilled in the art will understand that any modifications to the above embodiments that do not require creative effort fall within the protection scope of this application, and will not be described in detail in the embodiments.

[0103] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides an abnormality detection device for shielded metal arc welding. Since the principle of the abnormality detection device for shielded metal arc welding is similar to that of the aforementioned abnormality detection method for shielded metal arc welding, the implementation of the abnormality detection device for shielded metal arc welding can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned abnormality detection method for shielded metal arc welding, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0104] See Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of an abnormality detection device for shielded metal arc welding provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the abnormality detection device 400 for shielded metal arc welding may include: an acquisition unit 401, a determination unit 402, and a processing unit 403. Among them,

[0105] The acquisition unit 401 can be used to acquire the first voltage and the first current in real time after the start of shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode; the first voltage refers to the voltage at the output terminal of the welding power source; the first current refers to the current at the output terminal of the welding power source.

[0106] The determining unit 402 can be used to determine the arc voltage based on the first voltage, the first current and the first resistance obtained in advance; the first resistance refers to the resistance of the welding cable at the output end of the welding power supply; and to determine the actual arc resistance based on the arc voltage and the first current.

[0107] The processing unit 403 can be used to perform abnormal detection and processing of shielded metal arc welding based on the actual arc resistance and the preset standard arc resistance; the preset standard arc resistance includes a preset upper limit and a preset lower limit.

[0108] In one possible implementation, the determining unit 402 is further configured to: determine the thrust current based on the preset current, the preset thrust value, and the first voltage; generate a second current; the second current is the sum of the thrust current and the preset current; obtain the first arc resistance upper limit and the first arc resistance lower limit corresponding to the second current; and determine that the first arc resistance upper limit and the first arc resistance lower limit are respectively the preset arc resistance upper limit and the preset arc resistance lower limit.

[0109] In one possible implementation, the determining unit 402 is further configured to: determine a thrust current based on a preset current, a preset thrust value, and a first voltage; generate a second current; the second current is the sum of the thrust current and the preset current; obtain a first arc resistance upper limit and a first arc resistance lower limit corresponding to the second current; obtain a preset upper limit adjustment value and a lower limit adjustment value; generate a second arc resistance upper limit and a second arc resistance lower limit; the second arc resistance upper limit is the sum of the first arc resistance upper limit and the upper limit adjustment value; the second arc resistance lower limit is the sum of the first arc resistance lower limit and the lower limit adjustment value; and determine that the second arc resistance upper limit and the second arc resistance lower limit are respectively a preset arc resistance upper limit and a preset arc resistance lower limit.

[0110] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 403 is used to perform abnormal detection processing on shielded metal arc welding based on the actual arc resistance and the preset standard arc resistance. Specifically, the processing unit 403 is used to: if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance, and the actual arc resistance is less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance for a period of time longer than a first preset time, switch the constant current mode to a no-output mode; if the first current is less than the first preset current threshold, switch the no-output mode to a low no-load mode; and re-perform shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode based on the first voltage and electrical protection parameters.

[0111] In one possible implementation, the determining unit 402 is further configured to: after the start of shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode, if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance within a second preset time period, determine the first determination time as the first preset time period; or, after the start of shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode, if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance after the second preset time period, determine the second determination time as the first preset time period; the second determination time is less than the first determination time.

[0112] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 403 is used to perform abnormal detection processing on shielded metal arc welding based on the actual arc resistance and the preset standard arc resistance. Specifically, the processing unit 403 is used to: if the actual arc resistance is detected to be greater than the preset upper limit of the arc resistance, and the actual arc resistance is greater than the preset upper limit of the arc resistance for a period of time greater than a third preset time, switch the constant current mode to the no-output mode; and re-perform shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode based on the first current and electrical protection parameters.

[0113] See Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, the computer device 500 may include a processor 501 and a memory 502; the memory 502 may be coupled to the processor 501. It is worth noting that... Figure 7 This is an example; other types of structures can also be used to supplement or replace this structure to achieve telecommunications functions or other functions.

[0114] In one possible implementation, the function of the abnormal detection device 400 for shielded metal arc welding can be integrated into the processor 501.

[0115] In one possible implementation, the abnormal detection device 400 for shielded metal arc welding can be configured separately from the processor 501. For example, the abnormal detection device 400 for shielded metal arc welding can be configured as a chip connected to the processor 501, and the switching can be achieved through the control of the processor 501.

[0116] Furthermore, in some alternative implementations, the computer device 500 may also include: a communication module, an input unit, an audio processor, a display, a power supply, etc. It is worth noting that the computer device 500 is not necessarily required to include these components. Figure 7 All components shown; in addition, computer equipment 500 may also include Figure 7 For components not shown, please refer to existing technologies.

[0117] In some alternative implementations, the processor 501, sometimes also referred to as a controller or operating control, may include a microprocessor or other processor device and / or logic device, which receives input and controls the operation of various components of the computer device 500.

[0118] The memory 502 may be, for example, one or more of a cache, flash memory, hard drive, removable medium, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, or other suitable device. It may store the information related to the aforementioned abnormality detection device 400 for shielded metal arc welding, and may also store a program for executing that information. The processor 501 may execute the program stored in the memory 502 to perform information storage or processing, etc.

[0119] An input unit can provide input to the processor 501. This input unit may be, for example, a keypad or touch input device. A power supply can be used to provide power to the computer device 500. A display can be used to display images and text, etc. This display may be, for example, an LCD display, but is not limited to this.

[0120] Memory 502 can be solid-state memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), SIM card, etc. It can also be a memory that retains information even when power is off, can be selectively erased, and contains more data; examples of this type of memory are sometimes called EPROM, etc. Memory 502 can also be some other type of device. Memory 502 includes buffer memory (sometimes called a buffer). Memory 502 may include an application / function storage unit for storing application programs and function programs or processes for executing operations of computer device 500 via processor 501.

[0121] The memory 502 may also include a data storage unit for storing data, such as contacts, digital data, pictures, sounds, and / or any other data used by the electronic device. The driver storage unit of the memory 502 may include various drivers for the computer device for communication functions and / or for performing other functions of the computer device (such as messaging applications, address book applications, etc.).

[0122] The communication module is a transmitter / receiver that sends and receives signals via an antenna. The communication module (transmitter / receiver) is coupled to the processor 501 to provide input signals and receive output signals, which is the same as in a conventional mobile communication terminal.

[0123] Based on different communication technologies, multiple communication modules can be configured in the same computer device, such as cellular network modules, Bluetooth modules, and / or wireless LAN modules. The communication module (transmitter / receiver) is also coupled to a speaker and microphone via an audio processor to provide audio output through the speaker and receive audio input from the microphone, thereby enabling typical telecommunications functions. The audio processor may include any suitable buffer, decoder, amplifier, etc. Additionally, the audio processor is coupled to processor 501, enabling on-device recording via the microphone and on-device playback of stored sound via the speaker.

[0124] The embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium capable of implementing all the steps of the abnormal detection method for shielded metal arc welding in the above embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements all the steps of the abnormal detection method for shielded metal arc welding in the above embodiments.

[0125] While this application provides the method operation steps as described in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive labor. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is merely one possible execution order among many and does not represent the only execution order. In actual device or client product execution, the methods shown in the embodiments or drawings can be executed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment).

[0126] Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments of this specification can be provided as methods, apparatus (systems), or computer program products. Therefore, the embodiments of this specification can take the form of entirely hardware embodiments, entirely software embodiments, or embodiments combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0127] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0128] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0129] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0130] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. In particular, the device and system embodiments are relatively simple in description because they are fundamentally similar to the method embodiments; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments. In this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. The terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to any single aspect, nor to any single embodiment, nor to any combination and / or substitution of these aspects and / or embodiments. Moreover, each aspect and / or embodiment of this application can be used alone or in combination with one or more other aspects and / or embodiments.

[0131] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application.

[0132] The present application has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments; however, these embodiments are merely exemplary and illustrative. Various substitutions and modifications can be made to the present application based on these embodiments, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting anomalies in shielded metal arc welding, characterized in that, The method includes: After the shielded metal arc welding begins in constant current mode, the first voltage and the first current are acquired in real time; the first voltage refers to the voltage at the output terminal of the welding power source; the first current refers to the current at the output terminal of the welding power source. The arc voltage is determined based on the first voltage, the first current, and the pre-obtained first resistance; the first resistance refers to the resistance of the welding cable at the output end of the welding power supply. The actual arc resistance is determined based on the first current and the arc voltage; Based on the actual arc resistance and the preset standard arc resistance, anomaly detection processing is performed on the electrode arc welding. The preset standard arc resistance includes a preset upper limit and a preset lower limit. If the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit, and the actual arc resistance remains less than the preset lower limit for a period of time greater than a first preset duration, the constant current mode is switched to a no-output mode. If the first current is less than a first preset current threshold, the no-output mode is switched to a low no-load mode. Based on the first voltage and electrical parameters, electrode arc welding is performed again in constant current mode. After the start of shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode, if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance within a second preset time period, the first determination time is determined to be the first preset time period; or... After the start of shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode, if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance after a second preset time, the second determination time is determined to be the first preset time; the second determination time is less than the first determination time.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The thrust current is determined based on the preset current, the preset thrust value, and the first voltage; A second current is generated; the second current is the sum of the thrust current and the preset current; Obtain the upper limit and lower limit of the first arc resistance corresponding to the second current; The first upper limit of arc resistance and the first lower limit of arc resistance are determined to be the preset upper limit of arc resistance and the preset lower limit of arc resistance, respectively.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The thrust current is determined based on the preset current, the preset thrust value, and the first voltage; A second current is generated; the second current is the sum of the thrust current and the preset current; Obtain the upper limit and lower limit of the first arc resistance corresponding to the second current; Get the preset upper limit adjustment value and lower limit adjustment value; Generate a second upper limit and a second lower limit for arc resistance; the second upper limit for arc resistance is the sum of the first upper limit for arc resistance and the upper limit adjustment value; the second lower limit for arc resistance is the sum of the first lower limit for arc resistance and the lower limit adjustment value. The second upper limit of arc resistance and the second lower limit of arc resistance are determined to be the preset upper limit of arc resistance and the preset lower limit of arc resistance, respectively.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The abnormal detection and processing of the electrode arc welding based on the actual arc resistance and the preset standard arc resistance includes: If the actual arc resistance is detected to be greater than the preset arc resistance upper limit, and the actual arc resistance is greater than the preset arc resistance upper limit for a period of time greater than the third preset time, the constant current mode is switched to the no-output mode. Based on the first current and electrical protection parameters, the shielded metal arc welding was performed again in constant current mode.

5. An abnormality detection device for shielded metal arc welding, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition unit is used to acquire a first voltage and a first current in real time after the start of shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode; the first voltage refers to the voltage at the output terminal of the welding power source; the first current refers to the current at the output terminal of the welding power source. The determining unit is used to determine the arc voltage based on the first voltage, the first current, and a pre-obtained first resistance; the first resistance refers to the resistance of the welding cable at the output end of the welding power supply; and to determine the actual arc resistance based on the arc voltage and the first current. The processing unit is used to perform anomaly detection processing on the electrode arc welding based on the actual arc resistance and the preset standard arc resistance; the preset standard arc resistance includes a preset upper limit and a preset lower limit; if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit, and the actual arc resistance remains less than the preset lower limit for a period of time greater than a first preset duration, the constant current mode is switched to a no-output mode; if the first current is less than a first preset current threshold, the no-output mode is switched to a low no-load mode; based on the first voltage and electrical parameters, electrode arc welding is performed again in constant current mode; The determining unit is further configured to: after the start of shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode, if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance within a second preset time period, determine the first determination time as the first preset time period; or, after the start of shielded metal arc welding in constant current mode, if the actual arc resistance is detected to be less than the preset lower limit of arc resistance after a second preset time period, determine the second determination time as the first preset time period; the second determination time is less than the first determination time.

6. A welding system, characterized in that, The welding system includes the abnormality detection device for shielded metal arc welding as described in claim 5.

7. A computer device, characterized in that, The method includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed, implements the method described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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