Radiation resistant concrete and method of making same

Abstract

The application relates to the field of concrete preparation, and particularly discloses a radiation-resistant concrete and a preparation method thereof; the radiation-resistant concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: cement 100-130 parts, fly ash 35-50 parts, mineral powder 30-40 parts, coarse aggregate 100-150 parts, fine aggregate 70-100 parts, metal fiber 10-20 parts, composite filler 15-25 parts, cold water 65-72 parts, retarder 1-2 parts and water reducing agent 2.2-4.0 parts; the preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing and stirring cement, fly ash, mineral powder, metal fiber and composite filler to prepare initial mixture; uniformly mixing and stirring coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, and then uniformly mixing and stirring the initial mixture to prepare mixture; uniformly mixing and stirring the mixture, cold water, water reducing agent and retarder to prepare mixed material; and pouring and curing the mixed material to prepare the radiation-resistant concrete; and the finished product has the advantages of being not easy to crack and having high strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of concrete preparation, and more specifically, to a radiation-resistant concrete and a method for preparing the same. Background Technology

[0002] Radiation-resistant concrete, also known as shielding concrete or radiation-proof concrete, has a high density and good shielding ability against gamma rays, X-rays, or neutron radiation. It is a type of concrete that is not easily penetrated by radiation.

[0003] Radiation-shielding concrete is widely used in nuclear power plants, laboratories, hospitals and other places. Radiation-shielding concrete walls are relatively thick to ensure radiation protection. However, the aggregates used in radiation-shielding concrete walls have a high density, which can easily lead to settlement and segregation problems. Furthermore, thicker radiation-shielding concrete has poor heat dissipation during hydration, which can easily cause cracking and affect the mechanical strength and service life of the concrete.

[0004] Therefore, how to prepare a radiation-resistant concrete that is not prone to cracking and has high strength is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to prepare a radiation-resistant concrete that is not prone to cracking and has high strength, this application provides a radiation-resistant concrete and a method for preparing the same.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a radiation-resistant concrete, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A radiation-resistant concrete is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-130 parts cement, 35-50 parts fly ash, 30-40 parts mineral powder, 100-150 parts coarse aggregate, 70-100 parts fine aggregate, 10-20 parts metal fiber, 15-25 parts composite filler, 65-72 parts cold water, 1-2 parts retarder, and 2.2-4.0 parts water-reducing agent.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, metal fibers, composite fillers, cold water, and retarders are combined. The bonding effect of metal fibers and composite fillers on the various raw materials inside the concrete is utilized to improve the structural density of the concrete, thereby giving the concrete high mechanical strength and good radiation resistance. With the addition of cold water and retarders, large-volume radiation-resistant concrete walls are less likely to generate excessive heat of hydration. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity of metal fibers facilitates the transfer of heat from the inside of the concrete to the concrete surface, thus minimizing the formation of cracks. This allows the concrete to achieve both good radiation protection and high mechanical strength when preparing thick walls.

[0009] Preferably, the metal fiber is composed of copper fiber, carbon steel fiber, modified TPU particles and epoxy resin liquid in a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1.5:0.2-0.4:0.1-0.5.

[0010] By employing the above technical solution, copper fibers, carbon steel fibers, modified TPU particles, and epoxy resin liquid are combined. The viscosity of the epoxy resin liquid facilitates the adhesion of the modified TPU particles to the surfaces of the copper and carbon steel fibers. On one hand, the good elasticity of the TPU particles on the fiber surface provides space for the expansion of the cementitious material during the concrete hydration process, minimizing the compression of the rigid fibers by the expanding cementitious material and preventing overall expansion of the poured concrete mix. Furthermore, it improves the bonding effect between the cementitious material and the metal fibers. Moreover, during drying shrinkage after hydration, the rebound of the TPU particles fills the internal structure of the concrete, ensuring the density of the internal structure and giving the concrete good radiation resistance while maintaining high mechanical strength. On the other hand, under the action of the epoxy resin liquid, the copper and carbon steel fibers easily form a network structure within the concrete, improving both the radiation resistance and mechanical strength of the concrete.

[0011] The combination of copper fiber, carbon steel fiber, modified TPU particles, and epoxy resin liquid enhances the radiation resistance of concrete. Copper and carbon steel fibers not only shield electromagnetic waves but also reflect and scatter rays. Furthermore, modified TPU particles and epoxy resin liquid can further improve the radiation resistance of concrete by scattering and slowing down neutrons.

[0012] Preferably, the copper fiber is composed of copper fiber filaments, rosin glycerol ester solution, and propolis solution in a mass ratio of 1:0.05-0.15:0.1-0.3.

[0013] By employing the above-mentioned technical solution, copper fiber filaments, rosin glycerol ester, and propolis are combined. The good bonding stability between rosin glycerol ester and copper fiber filaments ensures stable adhesion of propolis to the surface of the copper fiber filaments. During the concrete hydration process, on the one hand, increasing the surface roughness of the copper fiber filaments improves the bonding effect between the copper fiber filaments and the cementitious material, thereby increasing the structural density of the concrete. On the other hand, the softening and bonding effect of propolis on the surface of the copper fiber filaments during hydration further enhances the bonding stability between the copper fiber filaments and the cementitious material. The higher structural density prevents radiation penetration into the concrete, improving its radiation resistance. Simultaneously, rosin glycerol ester and propolis can also reflect radiation, thus ensuring the radiation resistance of the concrete.

[0014] Preferably, the carbon steel fiber is composed of carbon steel fiber filaments, rosin glycerol ester solution and carboxymethyl chitosan in a mass ratio of 1:0.1-0.2:0.15-0.3.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, carbon steel fiber filaments, rosin glycerol ester, and carboxymethyl chitosan are combined. The adhesiveness of rosin glycerol ester to carbon steel fiber facilitates the bonding of carboxymethyl chitosan to the surface of carbon steel fiber filaments. Carboxymethyl chitosan has a hydrophilic and hygroscopic effect, which can improve the bonding effect between carbon steel fiber filaments and cementitious materials, thereby ensuring the internal structural density of concrete. The high structural density, combined with the good radiation resistance of carbon steel fiber, gives concrete both good radiation resistance and high mechanical strength.

[0016] The combination of carbon steel fiber, rosin glycerol ester, and carboxymethyl chitosan, during the hydration process, utilizes the attraction between the carboxyl groups in carboxymethyl chitosan and the cementitious materials, along with the retarding effect, to reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of thick concrete walls while increasing the structural density of the concrete. This results in fewer cracks in the concrete and improved mechanical strength.

[0017] Preferably, the modified TPU particles are composed of TPU and carbon black in a mass ratio of 1:0.1-0.2.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, TPU and carbon black are combined, with TPU coating the carbon black. Utilizing the elasticity and toughness of TPU, the expansion and shrinkage of the cementitious material during hydration facilitates the adjustment of internal stress in the concrete, minimizing the formation of cracks within the concrete. Furthermore, the internal carbon black can absorb electromagnetic radiation, ion radiation, and neutron radiation, and has a radiation scattering effect, enabling the modified TPU particles to not only bond tightly in the concrete but also exhibit good radiation resistance. This improves the bonding density of metal fibers in concrete and enhances the radiation resistance of the concrete.

[0019] Preferably, the composite filler is composed of graphene oxide, boron nitride and coated sodium silicate in a mass ratio of 1:1-3:0.5-1.

[0020] By employing the above technical solution, graphene oxide, boron nitride, and coated sodium silicate are combined to improve the radiation resistance of concrete by utilizing the absorption of electromagnetic waves by graphene oxide and boron nitride, combined with their reflection and scattering effects on rays. Limiting the particle size difference between graphene oxide and nano-boron nitride facilitates the filling of nano-boron nitride into the pores between metal fibers and cementitious materials, while graphene oxide facilitates the filling of pores between aggregates and cementitious materials. Furthermore, the combination of nano-boron nitride and graphene oxide facilitates the filling of pores between aggregates and metal fibers, thereby increasing the structural density of the concrete and giving it both good radiation resistance and high mechanical strength.

[0021] Preferably, the coated sodium silicate is prepared by coating sodium silicate with polypropylene melt.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, polypropylene melt is coated with sodium silicate. During the hydration process, the film layer formed by polypropylene on the surface of sodium silicate is not only resistant to the heat of hydration but also not easily hydrolyzed, thus ensuring that sodium silicate is still well coated after the concrete is poured and formed. After the concrete is exposed to radiation for a long time, the polypropylene is prone to molecular chain breakage. Combined with the stress cracking problem of concrete, sodium silicate is easily released. After the sodium silicate is released into the crack, it is easy for it to expand and adhere to the crack with the help of the large amount of bound water inside the concrete, and then fill the crack. Thus, even if cracks appear on the concrete surface, the filling and repair by sodium silicate can still ensure its mechanical strength and durability, as well as its radiation resistance.

[0023] Preferably, the coarse aggregate is composed of quartz stone and hydrophobic bamboo fiber in a mass ratio of 100:1-3.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, quartz stone, hydrophobic bamboo fiber, and metal fiber are combined. The intertwining and entanglement of hydrophobic bamboo fiber and metal fiber facilitates the bonding of quartz stone and metal fiber. Combined with the bonding effect between metal fiber and cementitious material and the bonding effect between quartz stone and cementitious material, the internal structural density of concrete is further improved, thereby giving the concrete higher mechanical strength. The porous structure of the hydrophobic bamboo fiber facilitates the reflection and scattering of rays and easily absorbs electromagnetic waves, so that the surface of the coarse aggregate, which is used in the largest amount in the concrete, can also resist radiation, giving the concrete a better overall radiation resistance effect.

[0025] Preferably, the fine aggregate is composed of fine quartz and polyacrylamide liquid in a mass ratio of 100:1-4.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the surface of fine quartz stone is coated with a polyacrylamide film. During the concrete mixing process, polyacrylamide dissolves slowly under cold water conditions, ensuring that most of the mixing water reacts with the raw materials such as cement particles. As the hydration temperature increases, polyacrylamide has a certain degree of retarding effect. Combined with a retarder, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the concrete is further controlled, ensuring that the concrete is not prone to surface cracks due to excessive heat of hydration. Thus, the concrete has high mechanical strength while having fewer cracks.

[0027] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing radiation-resistant concrete, employing the following technical solution:

[0028] A method for preparing radiation-resistant concrete includes the following steps:

[0029] S1. Weigh cement, fly ash, mineral powder, metal fiber, and composite filler, mix and stir evenly to obtain the initial mixture;

[0030] S2. Weigh out the coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, mix them evenly, and then mix them evenly with the initial mixture to obtain the mixture.

[0031] S3. Weigh the mixture, cold water, water-reducing agent, and retarder, mix them evenly, and prepare the mixture.

[0032] S4. The mixture is poured and cured to produce finished radiation-resistant concrete.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solutions, the finished concrete has the advantages of being less prone to cracking and having high mechanical strength, while also having good radiation resistance.

[0034] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. The combination of metal fibers, composite fillers, cold water, and retarders utilizes the bonding effect of metal fibers and composite fillers on the various materials inside the concrete to improve the structural density of the concrete. The high structural density gives the concrete high mechanical strength and good radiation resistance. The addition of cold water and retarders prevents large-volume radiation-resistant concrete walls from generating excessive heat of hydration. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity of metal fibers facilitates the transfer of heat from the inside of the concrete to the surface, thus minimizing the formation of cracks. This allows the concrete to achieve both good radiation protection and high mechanical strength when used to construct thick walls.

[0036] 2. The combination of copper fiber, carbon steel fiber, modified TPU particles, and epoxy resin liquid allows the modified TPU particles and network structure to minimize the overall expansion of the poured concrete mix during the concrete hydration process, preventing the expanding cementitious material from compressing the rigid fibers. It also improves the bonding effect between the cementitious material and the metal fibers. Furthermore, during drying shrinkage after hydration, the TPU particles can rebound and fill the internal structure of the concrete, ensuring its internal density. Simultaneously, the network structure formed by the copper and carbon steel fibers under the action of epoxy resin liquid gives the concrete good radiation resistance while maintaining high mechanical strength.

[0037] 3. The combination of graphene oxide, boron nitride, and coated sodium silicate provides good radiation resistance and high mechanical strength after concrete is poured and formed. Even after long-term use, if cracks appear on the concrete surface, the coated sodium silicate can help maintain the radiation resistance and mechanical strength of the concrete while filling the gaps.

[0038] 4. Quartz stone is treated with hydrophobic bamboo fiber, and fine quartz stone is treated with polyacrylamide liquid, which makes the aggregate less prone to segregation and can be evenly distributed while improving the mechanical strength of concrete. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0040] Example of copper fiber preparation

[0041] Preparation Example 1: Copper fibers were prepared using the following method:

[0042] Rosin glycerol ester was weighed and heated to 250℃ until completely melted to obtain rosin glycerol ester liquid;

[0043] Propolis was weighed and heated to 68°C until completely melted to obtain propolis liquid;

[0044] 0.1 kg of rosin glycerol ester solution was evenly sprayed onto the surface of 1 kg of copper fiber filaments, followed by 0.2 kg of propolis solution. After drying and dispersing until the copper fiber filaments no longer clump together, the finished copper fiber was obtained; the length of the copper fiber filaments was 3 mm.

[0045] Preparation Example 2: The difference between this preparation example and Preparation Example 1 is that:

[0046] 0.05 kg of rosin glycerol ester solution was evenly sprayed onto the surface of 1 kg of copper fiber filaments, followed by 0.1 kg of propolis solution. After drying and dispersing until the copper fiber filaments no longer stick together or clump together, the finished copper fiber was obtained.

[0047] Preparation Example 3: The difference between this preparation example and Preparation Example 1 is that:

[0048] 0.15 kg of rosin glycerol ester solution was evenly sprayed onto the surface of 1 kg of copper fiber filaments, followed by 0.3 kg of propolis solution. After drying and dispersing until the copper fiber filaments no longer stick together or clump together, the finished copper fiber was obtained.

[0049] Example of carbon steel fiber preparation

[0050] The carbon steel fiber filaments in the following raw materials were purchased from Hengshui Mingjing Rubber Products Co., Ltd.; the other raw materials and equipment were all commercially available.

[0051] Preparation Example 4: Carbon steel fibers were prepared using the following method:

[0052] Rosin glycerol ester was weighed and heated to 250℃ until completely melted to obtain rosin glycerol ester liquid;

[0053] 0.15 kg of rosin glycerol ester solution was uniformly sprayed onto the surface of 1 kg of carbon steel fiber, followed by uniform spraying of 0.2 kg of carboxymethyl chitosan. After drying and dispersing, the carbon steel fiber was made so that it did not stick together or agglomerate, thus obtaining the finished carbon steel fiber. The carbon steel fiber was 2 mm long, and the carboxymethyl chitosan was carboxymethyl chitosan microparticles that passed through an 80-mesh sieve.

[0054] Preparation Example 5: The difference between this preparation example and Preparation Example 4 is that:

[0055] 0.1 kg of rosin glycerol ester solution was uniformly sprayed onto the surface of 1 kg of carbon steel fiber, followed by uniform spraying of 0.15 kg of carboxymethyl chitosan. After drying and dispersing, the carbon steel fiber was made so that it did not stick together or agglomerate.

[0056] Preparation Example 6: The difference between this preparation example and Preparation Example 4 is that:

[0057] 0.2 kg of rosin glycerol ester solution was uniformly sprayed onto the surface of 1 kg of carbon steel fiber, followed by uniform spraying of 0.3 kg of carboxymethyl chitosan. After drying and dispersing, the carbon steel fiber was made so that it did not stick together and agglomerate.

[0058] Preparation example of modified TPU particles

[0059] Preparation Example 7: Modified TPU particles were prepared using the following method:

[0060] Weigh 1 kg of TPU and 0.15 kg of carbon black, mix and stir evenly. The TPU particle size is 25 μm and the carbon black particle size is 100 nm. Then heat to 100℃ until the TPU melts. Stir for 10 min, then cool down, crush and disperse to obtain the finished modified TPU particles. The finished modified TPU particles pass through a 400 mesh sieve.

[0061] Preparation Example 8: Modified TPU particles were prepared using the following method:

[0062] Weigh 1 kg of TPU and 0.1 kg of carbon black, mix and stir evenly. The TPU particle size is 25 μm and the carbon black particle size is 100 nm. Then heat to 100℃ until the TPU is hot-melted. Stir for 10 min, then cool down, crush and disperse to obtain the finished modified TPU particles.

[0063] Preparation Example 9: Modified TPU particles were prepared using the following method:

[0064] Weigh 1 kg of TPU and 0.2 kg of carbon black, mix and stir evenly. The TPU particle size is 25 μm and the carbon black particle size is 100 nm. Then heat to 100℃ until the TPU is hot-melted. Stir for 10 min, then cool down, crush and disperse to obtain the finished modified TPU particles.

[0065] Example of metal fiber preparation

[0066] Preparation Example 10: Metal fibers were prepared using the following method:

[0067] Weigh 1 kg of epoxy resin E51 and 0.08 kg of ethylenediamine, mix and stir evenly to obtain epoxy resin liquid. The epoxy resin liquid should be prepared and used immediately.

[0068] Weigh 1 kg of copper fiber prepared in Preparation Example 1 and 1 kg of carbon steel fiber prepared in Preparation Example 4, mix and stir evenly, then uniformly spray 0.35 kg of epoxy resin liquid, then uniformly spray 0.3 kg of modified TPU particles prepared in Preparation Example 7, mix evenly, and then dry and cure to obtain the finished metal fiber.

[0069] Preparation Example 11: The difference between this preparation example and Preparation Example 10 is that:

[0070] Weigh 1 kg of copper fiber prepared in Preparation Example 2 and mix it with 0.5 kg of carbon steel fiber prepared in Preparation Example 5. Then, spray 0.1 kg of epoxy resin liquid evenly, and then spray 0.2 kg of modified TPU particles prepared in Preparation Example 8 evenly. Mix evenly, and then dry and cure to obtain the finished metal fiber.

[0071] Preparation Example 12: The difference between this preparation example and Preparation Example 10 is that:

[0072] Weigh 1 kg of copper fiber prepared in Preparation Example 3 and 1.5 kg of carbon steel fiber prepared in Preparation Example 6, mix and stir evenly, then spray 0.5 kg of epoxy resin liquid evenly, then spray 0.4 kg of modified TPU particles prepared in Preparation Example 9 evenly, mix evenly, and dry and cure to obtain the finished metal fiber.

[0073] Preparation example of coated sodium silicate

[0074] Preparation Example 13: Coated sodium silicate was prepared by the following method:

[0075] Polypropylene resin was weighed and heated to 170℃ until it was completely melted to obtain polypropylene melt. 1 kg of polypropylene melt was weighed and sprayed evenly onto the surface of 0.4 kg of sodium silicate in two separate applications. The sodium silicate was passed through a 900-mesh sieve. After drying and dispersing, the finished coated sodium silicate was obtained. The coated sodium silicate was passed through a 600-mesh sieve.

[0076] Example of coarse aggregate preparation

[0077] Preparation Example 14: Coarse aggregate was prepared by the following method:

[0078] Bamboo fibers were weighed and soaked and dispersed in silane coupling agent KH-570. The bamboo fibers were then removed, dried, broken up, and cut into filaments to obtain bamboo fiber filaments. 0.2 kg of propolis liquid was evenly sprayed onto the surface of 1 kg of bamboo fiber filaments to obtain hydrophobic bamboo fibers. The length of the hydrophobic bamboo fibers was 2 mm. The propolis liquid was obtained by heating propolis to 65℃ and then melting it.

[0079] 2kg of hydrophobic bamboo fiber is evenly sprayed onto the surface of 100kg of quartz stone. After drying and dispersing until the quartz stones do not stick together, the finished coarse aggregate is obtained; the quartz stone particle size is 5-15mm in a continuous gradation.

[0080] Preparation Example 15: The difference between this preparation example and Preparation Example 14 is that:

[0081] 1 kg of hydrophobic bamboo fiber is evenly sprayed onto the surface of 100 kg of quartz stone. After drying and breaking up the quartz stones until they no longer stick together, the finished coarse aggregate is obtained.

[0082] Preparation Example 16: The difference between this preparation example and Preparation Example 14 is that:

[0083] 3 kg of hydrophobic bamboo fiber is evenly sprayed onto the surface of 100 kg of quartz stone. After drying and breaking up the quartz stones until they no longer stick together, the finished coarse aggregate is obtained.

[0084] Example of fine aggregate preparation

[0085] Preparation Example 17: Fine aggregate was prepared by the following method:

[0086] 2.6 kg of polyacrylamide solution (5% by mass) was uniformly sprayed onto the surface of 100 kg of fine quartz stone. After drying and dispersion until the fine quartz stone no longer sticks together or agglomerates, the finished fine aggregate was obtained. The fine quartz stone was a continuous gradation with a particle size of 0.05-4 mm.

[0087] Preparation Example 18: The difference between this preparation example and Preparation Example 17 is that:

[0088] 1 kg of polyacrylamide solution (5% by mass) is uniformly sprayed onto the surface of 100 kg of fine quartz stone. After drying and dispersion until the fine quartz stones do not stick together or agglomerate, the finished fine aggregate is obtained.

[0089] Preparation Example 19: The difference between this preparation example and Preparation Example 17 is that:

[0090] 4 kg of polyacrylamide solution (5% by mass) was uniformly sprayed onto the surface of 100 kg of fine quartz stone. After drying and dispersion until the fine quartz stones no longer stick together or agglomerate, the finished fine aggregate was obtained.

[0091] Example

[0092] Example 1: A type of radiation-resistant concrete:

[0093] The ingredients are: 120 kg cement, 40 kg fly ash, 35 kg mineral powder, 138 kg coarse aggregate, 86 kg fine aggregate, 16 kg metal fiber, 20 kg composite filler, 68 kg cold water, 1.5 kg retarder, and 3 kg water-reducing agent. The cement is composed of ordinary Portland cement and aluminophosphate cement in a 3:1 mass ratio. The Portland cement has a strength of 42.5, and the aluminophosphate cement has a strength of 52.5. The fly ash is Class F, Grade II, with a fineness (45 μm square-hole sieve residue) of 8%, loss on ignition <4.5%, water requirement <96%, and moisture content <0.2%. The mineral powder is S95 grade slag powder with a density of 2.8 g / cm³. 3 Specific surface area is 420m² 2 / kg, with an activity index (7d) of 82%, an activity index (28d) of 94%, a fluidity ratio of 96%, and a moisture content of 0.2%; the coarse aggregate was prepared in Preparation Example 14, and the fine aggregate was prepared in Preparation Example 17; the metal fiber was prepared in Preparation Example 10; the composite filler consisted of graphene oxide, boron nitride, and coated sodium silicate prepared in Preparation Example 13 in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.7, with graphene oxide particle size of 40 μm and boron nitride particle size of 100 nm; the cold water temperature was 5 °C; the retarder was sodium lignosulfonate; and the water-reducing agent was polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

[0094] The preparation method is as follows:

[0095] S1. Weigh cement, fly ash, mineral powder, metal fiber, and composite filler, mix and stir evenly to obtain the initial mixture;

[0096] S2. Weigh out the coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, mix them evenly, and then mix them evenly with the initial mixture to obtain the mixture.

[0097] S3. Weigh the mixture, cold water, water-reducing agent, and retarder, mix them evenly, and prepare the mixture.

[0098] S4. The mixture is poured and cured to produce finished radiation-resistant concrete.

[0099] Example 2: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0100] 100 kg of cement, 35 kg of fly ash, 30 kg of mineral powder, 100 kg of coarse aggregate, 70 kg of fine aggregate, 10 kg of metal fiber, 15 kg of composite filler, 65 kg of cold water, 1 kg of retarder, and 2.2 kg of water-reducing agent; the coarse aggregate is the coarse aggregate prepared in Preparation Example 15, and the fine aggregate is the fine aggregate prepared in Preparation Example 18; the metal fiber is the metal fiber prepared in Preparation Example 11; the composite filler is composed of graphene oxide, boron nitride, and coated sodium silicate prepared in Preparation Example 13 in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.5.

[0101] Example 3: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0102] The following ingredients were prepared: 130 kg cement, 50 kg fly ash, 40 kg mineral powder, 150 kg coarse aggregate, 100 kg fine aggregate, 20 kg metal fiber, 25 kg composite filler, 72 kg cold water, 2 kg retarder, and 4.0 kg water-reducing agent. The coarse aggregate was prepared in Preparation Example 16, and the fine aggregate was prepared in Preparation Example 19. The metal fiber was prepared in Preparation Example 12. The composite filler consisted of graphene oxide, boron nitride, and coated sodium silicate prepared in Preparation Example 13 in a mass ratio of 1:3:1.

[0103] Example 4: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0104] No modified TPU particles or epoxy resin liquid were added to the metal fiber.

[0105] Example 5: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0106] The copper fibers in the metal fiber are replaced with copper fiber filaments of equal mass, meaning that the surface of the copper fiber filaments is not treated with rosin glycerol ester solution and propolis solution.

[0107] Example 6: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0108] The metal fiber is replaced with carbon steel fiber filaments of equal mass, meaning that the surface of the carbon steel fiber filaments has not been treated with rosin glycerol ester solution and carboxymethyl chitosan.

[0109] Example 7: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0110] The modified TPU particles in the metal fiber were replaced with an equal mass of TPU.

[0111] Example 8: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0112] No coated sodium silicate was added to the composite filler.

[0113] Example 9: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0114] The coarse aggregate is quartz stone.

[0115] Example 10: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0116] The fine aggregate is fine quartz stone.

[0117] Comparative Example

[0118] Comparative Example 1: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that:

[0119] No metal fibers or composite fillers were added to the raw materials.

[0120] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example differs from Example 1 in that:

[0121] The water is at a temperature of 38℃.

[0122] Performance testing

[0123] 1. Compressive strength test

[0124] Finished concrete was prepared using the preparation methods of Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2, respectively. The compressive strength was tested and the data were recorded in accordance with GB / T50081-2019 "Standard for Test Methods of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete". Ten 1cm long cracks were made on the concrete surface and the concrete was placed at 34℃ and 65% relative humidity for 10 days. The tensile strength was tested and the data were recorded again.

[0125] 2. Crack detection

[0126] Finished concrete was prepared using the preparation methods of Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2, respectively. The test blocks were 1m × 1m × 1m in length × width × height. After curing for 28 days, they were cut vertically along the length direction. The number of internal cracks and surface cracks in Examples 1-11 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were recorded as the total number of cracks.

[0127] 3. Radiation resistance performance testing

[0128] Finished concrete was prepared using the preparation methods of Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2, respectively. The linear attenuation coefficients of γ-rays and neutron rays penetrating 1 cm were measured. The attenuation coefficient is the ratio of the energy attenuated after the tested rays penetrate 1 cm thick concrete to the initial energy; γ-rays ≥ 0.2 MeV, neutron rays ≥ 10 MeV.

[0129] Table 1 Performance Test Table

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] As can be seen from Examples 1-3 and Table 1, the finished radiation-resistant concrete prepared in this application has high compressive strength, fewer cracks, and good radiation resistance. Even if cracks appear on the concrete surface, it still has high mechanical strength.

[0133] Combining Examples 1 and 4-10 with Table 1, it can be seen that in Example 4, no modified TPU particles and epoxy resin liquid were added to the metal fibers. Compared with Example 1, the concrete prepared in Example 4 had lower compressive strength, more cracks, and poorer radiation resistance. This indicates that the combination of copper fibers, carbon steel fibers, modified TPU particles, and epoxy resin liquid utilizes the good elasticity of the TPU particles on the fiber surface to provide space for the expansion of the cementitious material during hydration, minimizing the compression of rigid fibers by the expanding cementitious material, which would cause overall expansion of the poured concrete mix. Furthermore, it can rebound and fill the internal structure of the concrete, ensuring the density of the internal structure, thus giving the concrete good radiation resistance while maintaining high mechanical strength. On the other hand, under the action of epoxy resin liquid, copper fibers and carbon steel fibers easily form a network structure inside the concrete, improving both the radiation resistance and mechanical strength.

[0134] In Example 5, copper fibers were replaced with copper fiber filaments of equal mass in the metal fiber. Compared with Example 1, the concrete prepared in Example 5 had a lower compressive strength, a greater number of cracks, and a worse radiation resistance than that in Example 1. This indicates that the combination of copper fiber filaments, rosin glycerol ester, and propolis can improve the bonding effect between the copper fiber filaments and the cementitious materials by increasing the surface roughness of the copper fiber filaments, thereby improving the structural density of the concrete. At the same time, rosin glycerol ester and propolis can also reflect radiation, thus ensuring the radiation resistance of the concrete.

[0135] In Example 6, carbon steel fibers were replaced with carbon steel fiber filaments of equal mass. Compared with Example 1, the concrete prepared in Example 6 had a lower compressive strength, a greater number of cracks, and a worse radiation resistance than that in Example 1. This indicates that the combination of carbon steel fiber filaments, rosin glycerol ester, and carboxymethyl chitosan, utilizing the hydrophilic and hygroscopic properties of carboxymethyl chitosan, improves the internal structural density of the concrete, giving it both good radiation resistance and high mechanical strength.

[0136] In Example 7, the modified TPU particles in the metal fibers were replaced with the same mass of TPU. Compared with Example 1, the concrete prepared in Example 7 had a lower compressive strength, a greater number of cracks, and a worse radiation resistance than that in Example 1. This shows that the elasticity of TPU facilitates the filling of concrete pores, and combined with the adsorption and scattering effect of carbon black on radiation, the bonding density of the metal fibers in the concrete is improved, thus enhancing the radiation resistance of the concrete.

[0137] In Example 8, no coated sodium silicate was added to the composite filler. Compared with Example 1, the concrete prepared in Example 8 had a lower compressive strength, a greater number of cracks, and a worse radiation resistance than that in Example 1. The difference between the compressive strength after scribing and the initial compressive strength was smaller than that in Example 1. This indicates that even if cracks appear on the concrete surface, the mechanical strength and durability can still be guaranteed by filling and repairing with sodium silicate, and the radiation resistance can still be guaranteed.

[0138] In Example 9, the coarse aggregate was quartz stone. Compared to Example 1, the concrete prepared in Example 9 had a lower compressive strength, a greater number of cracks, and a worse radiation resistance. This indicates that the combination of quartz stone, hydrophobic bamboo fiber, and metal fiber, utilizing the intertwining effect of the hydrophobic bamboo fiber and metal fiber, further improves the internal structural density of the concrete. The porous structure of the hydrophobic bamboo fiber facilitates the reflection and scattering of rays and easily absorbs electromagnetic waves, thus enabling the surface of the coarse aggregate, which is used in the largest quantity of concrete, to resist radiation, resulting in a better overall radiation resistance effect for the concrete.

[0139] In Example 10, the fine aggregate was fine quartz. Compared to Example 1, the concrete prepared in Example 10 had a lower compressive strength, a greater number of cracks, and a worse radiation resistance. This indicates that polyacrylamide dissolves slowly under cold water conditions to ensure that most of the mixing water reacts with the cement particles and other raw materials. As the hydration temperature increases, polyacrylamide has a certain degree of retarding effect. Combined with a retarder, it further controls the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the concrete, ensuring that the concrete is less prone to surface cracks due to excessive heat of hydration. This results in concrete with high mechanical strength and fewer cracks.

[0140] Combining Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 with Table 1, it can be seen that Comparative Example 1 did not add metal fibers and composite fillers to its raw materials. The concrete prepared in Comparative Example 1 had a lower compressive strength than that in Example 1, a greater number of cracks, and a worse radiation resistance than that in Example 1. This indicates that the combination of metal fibers and composite fillers can give concrete the advantages of high strength and resistance to cracking.

[0141] In Comparative Example 2, the water was at a temperature of 38°C. Compared to Example 1, the concrete prepared in Comparative Example 2 had a lower compressive strength, a greater number of cracks, and a worse radiation resistance than that in Example 1. This indicates that the lower temperature of the cold water, combined with a retarder, can further prevent the thicker radiation-resistant concrete from developing cracks and pores due to the heat of hydration, thus ensuring the mechanical strength of the concrete.

[0142] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A radiation-resistant concrete, characterized in that, It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-130 parts cement, 35-50 parts fly ash, 30-40 parts mineral powder, 100-150 parts coarse aggregate, 70-100 parts fine aggregate, 10-20 parts metal fiber, 15-25 parts composite filler, 65-72 parts cold water, 1-2 parts retarder, and 2.2-4.0 parts water-reducing agent; the metal fiber is composed of copper fiber, carbon steel fiber, modified TPU particles, and epoxy resin liquid in a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1.5:0.2-0.4:0.1-0.5; the copper fiber is composed of copper fiber filaments and rosin glycerin in a mass ratio of 1:0.05-0.15:0.1-0.

3. The composite material consists of ester solution and propolis solution; carbon steel fiber is composed of carbon steel fiber filaments, rosin glycerol ester solution and carboxymethyl chitosan in a mass ratio of 1:0.1-0.2:0.15-0.3; modified TPU particles are composed of TPU and carbon black in a mass ratio of 1:0.1-0.2; the composite filler is composed of graphene oxide, boron nitride and coated sodium silicate in a mass ratio of 1:1-3:0.5-1; the coated sodium silicate is prepared by coating sodium silicate with polypropylene melt; the coarse aggregate is composed of quartz and hydrophobic bamboo fiber in a mass ratio of 100:1-3; the fine aggregate is composed of fine quartz and polyacrylamide solution in a mass ratio of 100:1-4.

2. The method for preparing radiation-resistant concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Weigh cement, fly ash, mineral powder, metal fiber, and composite filler, mix and stir evenly to obtain the initial mixture; S2. Weigh out the coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, mix them evenly, and then mix them evenly with the initial mixture to obtain the mixture. S3. Weigh the mixture, cold water, water-reducing agent, and retarder, mix them evenly, and prepare the mixture. S4. The mixture is poured and cured to produce finished radiation-resistant concrete.

Images