An apparatus and method for analyzing soil biodiversity

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of soil biodiversity analysis device and method.The analysis device includes the shell with No.1 opening and No.2 opening, pipe, electric push rod, cutting piece connected with electric push rod, funnel and screening assembly arranged at the bottom of funnel are arranged in shell, No.2 opening is equipped with collection box, electric push rod drives cutting piece to cut soil sample in pipe, so that the volume of soil sample is reduced, and soil animals in soil fall into funnel, screening assembly screens animals and soil and transfers animals to collection box;The present application can concentrate the processing of a large number of soil samples, so that the soil sample becomes smaller piece, and animals and soil pieces are quickly separated, not only can quickly realize the screening of animals, but also can improve the screening efficiency of animals, reduce the probability of missing, so as to improve the accuracy of analysis result.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of soil analysis, and particularly relates to a soil biological diversity analysis device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Biological diversity includes genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity.

[0003] Species diversity is a relatively effective index reflecting community structure and functional characteristics and is a measurement index of ecosystem stability.

[0004] When analyzing soil biological species diversity, animals in soil samples are usually manually found and selected out, which is slow and increases the workload of operators in the case of a large number of soil samples, and has certain requirements for the experience of operators, and there is a record of missing finding, thereby affecting the analysis result. SUMMARY

[0005] The application aims to solve the problems in the background art and provides a soil biological diversity analysis device and method.

[0006] The application achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions.

[0007] The soil biological diversity analysis device comprises a shell provided with a first opening and a second opening, a pipe, an electric push rod, a cutting piece connected with the electric push rod, a funnel and a screening assembly arranged at the bottom of the funnel are arranged in the shell, a collection box is arranged at the second opening, the electric push rod drives the cutting piece to cut the soil sample in the pipe so that the volume of the soil sample is reduced and the animals in the soil fall into the funnel at the same time, the screening assembly screens the animals and the soil and transfers the animals to the collection box.

[0008] The screening assembly comprises an infrared detector, an electromagnet, a controller and a rotating piece, one end of the rotating piece close to the electromagnet is made of magnetic material, the infrared detector detects the falling soil, when an animal passes through the infrared detector, the controller controls the electromagnet to start to generate a magnetic attraction force on the rotating piece to make the rotating piece rotate, and the rotating piece collides with the falling animal to make the animal enter the collection box.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating piece comprises a rotating shaft and a rotating plate, and a coil spring is arranged on the rotating shaft in a concentric manner so that the rotating shaft can quickly rotate.

[0010] Preferably, the cutting piece is a wire mesh, and the diameter of the wire of the wire mesh is greater than 5 mm.

[0011] Preferably, a partition block is arranged at the top center of the cutting piece to move the soil to both sides of the moving direction of the cutting piece.

[0012] Preferably, two limiting assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the side of the cutting member close to the funnel, a cleaning frame is arranged in the funnel, the cleaning frame comprises a plurality of cleaning plates arranged in the form of a rib frame and a ring connected with the cleaning plates for fixing the cleaning plates, a plurality of baffles are arranged on the ring along the circumferential direction, the limiting assemblies drive the cleaning frame to rotate in the funnel during the back-and-forth movement of the cutting member, and the cleaning frame cuts the soil to reduce the particle size of the soil.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting assembly comprises a plurality of limiting plates hinged to the cutting member, a supporting plate is arranged on the cutting member for limiting the limiting plates on one side, and the limiting plates of the same limiting assembly correspond to the cleaning plates of the ring one by one.

[0014] Preferably, a groove is arranged on the inner side wall of the funnel, a magnetic block is arranged in the groove, an impact plate is arranged on the cleaning plate, and a magnetic strip with opposite magnetism to the magnetic block is arranged on the impact plate; the cleaning plate drives the impact plate to move during the rotation process, and the magnetic strip on the impact plate drives the impact plate to swing when moving along the magnetic block.

[0015] A method for analyzing soil biological diversity by using the soil biological diversity analysis device, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: removing the surface garbage of the soil and digging a whole soil sample;

[0017] S2: placing the whole soil sample into the pipe, starting the electric push rod to drive the cutting member to reciprocate at the bottom of the pipe, moving the soil sample downward under the action of gravity, cutting the soil by the cutting member, and dropping the soil fragments into the funnel, detecting the falling soil by the infrared detector when the soil fragments pass through the infrared detector, starting the electromagnet to generate a magnetic attraction force on the rotating member to make the rotating member rotate when an animal passes through the infrared detector, and making the animal enter the collection box by the impact of the rotating member on the falling animal;

[0018] S3: analyzing the animal species and quantity in the collection box to obtain the soil biological diversity data in the region.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0020] The present application can concentrate the processing of a large number of soil samples, make the soil samples into smaller fragments, and quickly separate the animals from the soil fragments, which not only can quickly realize the screening of the animals, but also can improve the screening efficiency of the animals and reduce the probability of missing, thereby improving the accuracy of the analysis results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is an enlarged schematic view of A in FIG. 1;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the positional relationship between the infrared detector and the rotating plate in the application;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the positional relationship between the two limiting assemblies in the application.

[0025] In the figure: 1, second opening; 2, shell; 3, pipe; 4, electric push rod; 5, cutting piece; 6, collection box; 7, infrared detector; 8, electromagnet; 9, rotating shaft; 10, rotating plate; 11, cleaning plate; 12, circular ring; 13, baffle; 14, limiting plate; 15, support plate; 16, magnetic block; 17, impact plate; 18, funnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following further describes the present application, and it is necessary to point out that the following detailed description is only used to further illustrate the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application according to the above application content.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] As Figures 1-4 shown, an analysis device for soil biological diversity includes a shell 2 provided with a first opening and a second opening 1, the shell 2 is provided with a pipe 3, an electric push rod 4, a cutting piece 5 connected with the electric push rod 4, a funnel 18 and a screening assembly arranged at the bottom of the funnel 18, the collection box 6 is arranged at the second opening 1, the electric push rod 4 drives the cutting piece 5 to cut the soil sample in the pipe 3 so that the volume of the soil sample is reduced and the animals in the soil fall into the funnel 18 at the same time, the screening assembly screens the animals and the soil and transfers the animals to the collection box 6.

[0029] The screening assembly includes an infrared detector 7, an electromagnet 8, a controller and a rotating piece, and the end of the rotating piece close to the electromagnet 8 is made of magnetic material.

[0030] It should be noted that the collected soil sample is placed in the pipe 3, and the soil sample moves along the pipe 3 to the cutting part 5 and stops moving. The electric push rod 4 is started, and the telescopic end repeatedly expands and contracts, so that the cutting part 5 moves back and forth at the bottom of the pipe 3. The cutting part 5 forms a cutting effect on the soil sample in the pipe 3 during movement, so that the soil sample is scattered and falls into the funnel 18 through the cutting part 5. The soil falling into the funnel 18 is gathered at the outlet of the funnel 18 and falls down, passing through the infrared detector 7 in the process of falling, and the infrared detector 7 detects the falling soil. When an animal passes through the infrared detector 7, the controller controls the electromagnet 8 to start to generate a magnetic attraction force to the rotating part to make the rotating part rotate, and the rotating part collides with the falling animal to make the animal enter the collection box 6.

[0031] The rotating part includes a rotating shaft 9 and a rotating plate 10. The rotating shaft 9 is provided with a coil spring concentrically to enable the rotating shaft 9 to rotate quickly, so that the rotating plate 10 stays on the soil falling path for a shorter time, thereby reducing the number of soil mistakenly brought into the collection box 6.

[0032] The cutting part 5 is a wire mesh, and the diameter of the wire of the wire mesh is greater than 5 mm. The wire mesh can enable the soil to partially pass through the leakage hole of the wire mesh under the action of gravity, cooperate with the transverse movement of the wire mesh, and cut the soil, so that the soil sample becomes small pieces and falls down. The diameter of the wire of the wire mesh cannot be too small. If the wire is too thin, it will cause harm to the animals in the soil and cut or injure the animals.

[0033] The cutting part 5 is provided with a partition block at the top center for moving the soil to both sides of the moving direction of the cutting part 5. The cutting part 5 drives the partition block to move back and forth, and the soil in the pipe 3 is pushed to both sides, so that the soil falls into the top inner ring position of the funnel 18. The soil will not fall into the center leakage hole of the funnel 18 and directly pass through the funnel 18, thereby reducing the missed detection probability of the animals.

[0034] The cutting part 5 is symmetrically provided with two limiting components on one side close to the funnel 18. The funnel 18 is provided with a cleaning frame. The cleaning frame includes a plurality of cleaning plates 11 arranged in the shape of an umbrella frame and a circular ring 12 connected with the cleaning plates 11 for fixing the cleaning plates 11. A plurality of baffles 13 are arranged on the circular ring 12 along the circumferential direction. The cutting part 5 drives the limiting components to move during the back-and-forth movement, the limiting components drive the baffles 13 to move, so that the cleaning frame rotates in the funnel 18. The cleaning frame cuts the soil to reduce the particle size of the soil, which is convenient for the infrared detector 7 to screen the animals.

[0035] The limiting assembly comprises a plurality of limiting plates 14 hingedly connected to the cutting member 5, the cutting member 5 is provided with a support plate 15 for limiting the limiting plate 14 on one side, the limiting plates 14 of the same limiting assembly correspond to the cleaning plates 11 of the circular ring 12 one by one, the two limiting assemblies are located on the two sides of the cutting member 5 respectively, and the installation directions are opposite, so that one limiting assembly can drive the baffle 13 to move in the process of reciprocating movement of the cutting member 5, thereby ensuring that the cleaning frame can continuously rotate in the same direction in the hopper 18. When the limiting plate 14 moves, the limiting plate 14 is in contact with the baffle 13, the support plate 15 limits the rotation angle of the limiting plate 14, so that the limiting plate 14 drives the baffle 13 to move. When the limiting plate 14 moves reversely, the support plate 15 cannot support the limiting plate 14, and the limiting plate 14 no longer drives the baffle 13 to move, thereby ensuring the one-way rotation of the cleaning plate 11.

[0036] The inner side wall of the hopper 18 is provided with a groove, the groove is provided with a magnetic block 16, the cleaning plate 11 is provided with an impact plate 17, the impact plate 17 is provided with a magnetic strip opposite to the magnetic block 16 in magnetic property, the cleaning plate 11 drives the impact plate 17 to move in the process of rotation, the magnetic strip on the impact plate 17 drives the impact plate 17 to swing when moving along the magnetic block 16, and the impact plate 17 can beat the soil upward in the process of swinging, so that the soil is more finely broken.

[0037] A method for analyzing soil biological diversity by using the soil biological diversity analysis device, comprising the following steps:

[0038] S1: removing the surface garbage of the soil, and digging an integral soil sample;

[0039] S2: placing the integral soil sample into the pipe 3, starting the electric push rod 4 to drive the cutting member 5 to reciprocate at the bottom of the pipe 3, the soil sample moves downward under the action of gravity, the cutting member 5 cuts the soil into soil fragments, the soil fragments fall into the hopper 18, the infrared detector 7 detects the falling soil when the soil fragments pass through the infrared detector 7, the controller controls the electromagnet 8 to start to generate a magnetic attraction force on the rotating member to make the rotating member rotate when an animal passes through the infrared detector 7, and the rotating member impacts the falling animal to make the animal enter the collection box 6;

[0040] S3: analyzing the animal species and quantity in the collection box 6 to obtain the soil biological diversity data in the region.

[0041] The above-described embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as the limitation of the patent scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An apparatus for analyzing soil biodiversity, characterized by comprising: The shell (2) is provided with a first opening and a second opening (1), and is internally provided with a pipe (3), an electric push rod (4), a cutting member (5) connected with the electric push rod (4), a funnel (18), and a screening assembly arranged at the bottom of the funnel (18). The second opening (1) is provided with a collection box (6). The electric push rod (4) drives the cutting member (5) to cut the soil sample in the pipe (3) so that the volume of the soil sample is reduced and the animals in the soil fall into the funnel (18) at the same time. The screening assembly screens the animals and the soil and transfers the animals into the collection box (6). The screening assembly comprises an infrared detector (7), an electromagnet (8), a controller, and a rotating member. The end of the rotating member close to the electromagnet (8) is made of magnetic material. The infrared detector (7) detects the falling soil. When an animal passes through the infrared detector (7), the controller controls the electromagnet (8) to start to generate a magnetic attraction force on the rotating member so that the rotating member rotates. The rotating member collides with the falling animal to make the animal enter the collection box (6). The cutting member (5) is a wire mesh, and the diameter of the wire of the wire mesh is greater than 5 mm. Two limiting assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the side of the cutting member (5) close to the funnel (18). The funnel (18) is internally provided with a cleaning frame. The cleaning frame comprises a plurality of cleaning plates (11) arranged in the form of an umbrella frame and a circular ring (12) connected with the cleaning plates (11) for fixing the cleaning plates (11). A plurality of baffles (13) are arranged on the circular ring (12) in the circumferential direction. The limiting assemblies drive the cleaning frame to rotate in the funnel (18) during the back-and-forth movement of the cutting member (5). The cleaning frame cuts the soil to reduce the particle size of the soil. The limiting assembly comprises a plurality of limiting plates (14) hinged to the cutting member (5). The cutting member (5) is provided with a support plate (15) for limiting the limiting plates (14) on one side. The limiting plates (14) of the same limiting assembly correspond to the cleaning plates (11) of the circular ring (12) one by one. A groove is arranged on the inner side wall of the funnel (18). A magnetic block (16) is arranged in the groove. An impact plate (17) is arranged on the cleaning plate (11). A magnetic strip with opposite magnetic properties to the magnetic block (16) is arranged on the impact plate (17). The cleaning plate (11) drives the impact plate (17) to move during rotation. When the magnetic strip on the impact plate (17) moves along the magnetic block (16), the impact plate (17) swings.

2. The soil biodiversity analysis device according to claim 1, wherein The rotating member comprises a rotating shaft (9) and a rotating plate (10). A coil spring is concentrically arranged on the rotating shaft (9) to enable the rotating shaft (9) to quickly rotate.

3. The soil biodiversity analysis device according to claim 1, wherein A partition block is arranged at the top center of the cutting member (5) to move the soil to both sides of the moving direction of the cutting member (5).

4. A method for analyzing soil biodiversity using the soil biodiversity analysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1: removing the surface garbage of the soil and digging a whole soil sample. S2: Put the whole soil sample into the pipe (3), start the electric push rod (4) to drive the cutting part (5) to reciprocate at the bottom of the pipe (3), the soil sample moves downward under the action of gravity, the cutting part (5) cuts the soil into small pieces, the soil pieces fall into the funnel (18), when the soil falls through the infrared detector (7), the infrared detector (7) detects the falling soil, when an animal passes through the infrared detector (7), the controller controls the electromagnet (8) to start to generate a magnetic attraction force on the rotating part to make the rotating part rotate, the rotating part collides with the falling animal to make the animal enter the collection box (6); S3: Analyze the animal species and quantity in the collection box (6) to obtain the soil biodiversity data in the region.

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