High-pressure water jet assisted cutterhead cutting hard rock tunneling machine and use method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tunneling equipment technology, and in particular to a high-pressure water jet-assisted cutterhead tunneling machine for cutting hard rock and its usage method, solving the problem of low tunneling efficiency in hard rock. The technical solution includes a tunneling machine body, a support frame mounted on the machine body, a swing cutterhead mounted on the support frame, a transmission system on the support frame to drive the swing cutterhead up and down, two rows of wide-bladed cutters on the swing cutterhead, multiple rows of narrow-bladed cutters on the swing cutterhead, the narrow-bladed cutters being located between the two rows of wide-bladed cutters, multiple rows of jet nozzles on the swing cutterhead, and jet nozzles on both the upper and lower sides of the wide-bladed cutters. A high-pressure water jet system on the support frame delivers high-pressure water flow towards the jet nozzles. The beneficial effects of this invention are: during tunneling, the jet nozzles spray high-pressure water to pre-cut the working face, and then the wide-bladed and narrow-bladed cutters sequentially roll the working face, improving the efficiency of hard rock tunneling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunneling equipment technology, and in particular to a high-pressure water jet-assisted cutterhead tunneling machine for cutting hard rock and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the booming development of bridge and road construction, the demand for underground transportation tunnels has also increased year by year. As the dominant primary energy source in my country, the coal industry has also seen a booming development in coal mine tunnel construction in recent years.

[0003] Currently, tunnel excavation work mainly relies on tunnel boring machines (TBMs). TBMs are comprehensive equipment that mechanically breaks rock, removes slag, provides support, and performs continuous operations. Based on the cutting process on the working face, TBMs are divided into full-face TBMs and partial-face TBMs. Full-face TBMs use a roller-type working mechanism in hard rock strata when breaking rock. The front end of the working mechanism has a rotating cutterhead. When the cutterhead rotates, the axial thrust of the machine is used to press against the rock surface, causing the cutter to revolve around the rock surface and rotate around its own axis, thus achieving full-face rock breaking. In addition, full-face TBMs have relatively smooth excavation walls and less damage to the surrounding rock, making them suitable for drilling long tunnels. Therefore, they are widely used in various tunnel projects. Some face tunneling machines are mainly cantilever tunneling machines. Their structure mainly includes a cutting section, a traveling section, a shovel section, a conveying mechanism, and a rear support. During operation, the traveling section moves the tunneling machine to the working face, and the rear support extends to press the working face. Under the action of the drive cylinder, the cutting section uses the cutting head to break the rock according to a predetermined trajectory. The broken rock, such as rock debris, is collected by the shovel section and sent to the conveying device. The conveying device transports the rock debris and other broken rock away to continue the next work cycle. Some face tunneling machines are characterized by small size, flexible operation, and safety.

[0004] However, when encountering hard rock tunneling operations, existing full-face and partial-face tunneling machines suffer from slow tunneling speeds, severe cutter wear, and frequent cutter replacements that can even lead to tunneling failure, resulting in low efficiency in hard rock tunneling. How to improve the efficiency of hard rock tunneling is the problem that this invention aims to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-pressure water jet-assisted cutterhead tunneling machine for cutting hard rock and its method of use. During the tunneling process, high-pressure water is sprayed from the jet nozzle to pre-cut the rock face, and then wide-bladed and narrow-bladed cutters are used to sequentially roll the rock face, thereby improving the tunneling efficiency of hard rock.

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: a high-pressure water jet-assisted cutterhead tunneling machine for cutting hard rock, comprising a tunneling machine body, a support frame mounted on the tunneling machine body, a rotatable cutterhead rotatably mounted on the support frame, a transmission system mounted on the support frame to drive the rotatable cutterhead to reciprocate up and down, the transmission system being connected to the rotatable cutterhead, multiple rows of wide-bladed cutters rotatably arranged on the side of the rotatable cutterhead away from the support frame, the multiple rows of wide-bladed cutters being located on the upper and lower sides of the rotatable cutterhead respectively, multiple rows of narrow-bladed cutters rotatably arranged on the side of the rotatable cutterhead away from the support frame, the multiple rows of narrow-bladed cutters being located between the multiple rows of wide-bladed cutters, multiple rows of jet nozzles mounted on the rotatable cutterhead, jet nozzles being arranged on the upper and lower sides of any row of wide-bladed cutters, a high-pressure water jet system for conveying high-pressure water flow toward the jet nozzles mounted on the support frame, the outlet end of the high-pressure water jet system being connected to the inlet end of the jet nozzles, and a support device being raised and lowered on the support frame.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when tunneling is carried out, the tunneling machine moves to the working roadway, the support device rises and supports the top working face, the transmission system drives the swing cutter head to swing up and down, the jet nozzle sprays high-pressure water to pre-cut the rock of the working face, and the wide-blade cutter and narrow-blade cutter roll the working face in sequence. Before the wide-bladed and narrow-bladed roller cutters break the rock, high-pressure water pre-cuts the rock mass at the working face, creating free surfaces that alter the stress distribution within the rock mass, thus weakening the rock's hardness and reducing roller cutter wear. While the narrow-bladed roller cutter has a good rock-breaking effect, it is prone to wear. Because the wide-bladed roller cutters are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the narrow-bladed roller cutters, the narrow-bladed roller cutters only come into contact with the rock mass at the working face after the wide-bladed roller cutters have cut the rock mass. After the wide-bladed roller cutters have cut the rock mass, the overall hardness of the working face rock mass is further weakened, making it easier for the narrow-bladed roller cutters to cut the rock mass. The combined effect of the wide-bladed and narrow-bladed roller cutters improves the cutting efficiency of the working face rock mass and reduces the wear on the narrow-bladed roller cutters, thereby improving the tunneling efficiency of hard rock.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple corners of the oscillating cutter disc away from the support frame are rotatably equipped with side rollers, the cutting edges of the side rollers are inclined away from the oscillating cutter disc, and some of the jet nozzles are positioned close to the side rollers.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the side cutter is used to cut the rock mass on both sides of the tunneling machine and widen the tunnel. The side cutter, together with the jet nozzle on the side of the side cutter, can improve the cutting efficiency of the rock mass on both sides of the working face.

[0010] Furthermore, a scraper mechanism is provided on the upper and lower sides of the oscillating cutter disc, and the scraper mechanism includes a scraper base, multiple scrapers and a drive cylinder. The scraper base is rotatably mounted on the oscillating cutter disc, the multiple scrapers are mounted on the scraper base, and the two ends of the drive cylinder are respectively hinged to the scraper base and the oscillating cutter disc.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the oscillating cutter head swings upward, the scraper mechanism located below the oscillating cutter head operates; when the oscillating cutter head swings downward, the scraper mechanism located above the oscillating cutter head operates. When the scraper mechanism operates, the piston shaft of the drive cylinder extends, and as the oscillating cutter head swings, the scraper cuts and sweeps the cracked rock fragments on the working surface, making the working surface smoother.

[0012] Furthermore, the planes in which the blades of the narrow-blade hob and the wide-blade hob are located are arranged in an alternating manner.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, after the wide-bladed cutter cuts the rock mass at the working face, multiple indentations are created, forming slab-like rock masses between adjacent indentations. These slab-like rock masses are relatively fragile. When the narrow-bladed cutter cuts the rock mass, it acts on the middle of the slab-like rock mass, making it easier to crush and detach from the working face. This design makes it easier for the rock mass to detach from the working face, improving tunneling efficiency.

[0014] Furthermore, the oscillating cutter head includes a mounting plate and a cutter head base. The cutter head base includes a connecting plate, a mounting plate, multiple horizontal ribs, and multiple vertical ribs. The connecting plate is rotatably mounted on the support frame and connected to the transmission system. The mounting plate is fixed on the side of the connecting plate away from the support frame. The mounting plate is detachably mounted on the side of the mounting plate away from the connecting plate by bolts. The wide-blade hob and the narrow-blade hob are located on the side of the mounting plate away from the mounting plate. The mounting plate has multiple threaded through holes. The horizontal ribs and the vertical ribs are fixed at the connection between the connecting plate and the mounting plate.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the mounting plate is easy to install and remove, facilitating the replacement of wide-blade and narrow-blade hobs. The cutter head base has horizontal and vertical ribs to enhance its structural strength, thereby improving the overall structural strength of the oscillating cutter head.

[0016] Furthermore, the transmission system includes a drive shaft, a splined bushing, a drive motor, a dual-output shaft reducer, and two sets of linkage mechanisms. The drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the support frame. The splined bushing is coaxially mounted on the drive shaft and is keyed to the drive shaft. The cutter head base has a splined hole, and the splined bushing passes through the splined hole. The drive motor and the dual-output shaft reducer are mounted on the support frame. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the input shaft of the dual-output shaft reducer. The two sets of linkage mechanisms are respectively connected to the two output shafts of the dual-output shaft reducer. The end of the linkage mechanism away from the dual-output shaft reducer is keyed to the drive shaft.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the drive motor rotates, it will drive the output shaft of the dual output shaft reducer to rotate, thereby increasing the output torque through the speed reduction transmission. The transmission shaft will rotate through the linkage mechanism, and the oscillating cutter head will rotate through the spline bushing. This transmission method is stable and has a high output torque.

[0018] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism includes a transmission wheel, a rocker arm, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, and a swing rod. The transmission wheel is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the dual output shaft reducer. An eccentric shaft is eccentrically fixed on the transmission wheel, and the axis of the eccentric shaft is parallel to the axis of the transmission wheel. The rocker arm has a first connecting hole, a second connecting hole, and a third connecting hole parallel to each other. The first connecting hole and the third connecting hole are located at opposite ends of the rocker arm, and the second connecting hole is located between the first connecting hole and the third connecting hole. The eccentric shaft passes through the first connecting hole. One end of the first connecting rod is rotatably mounted at the second connecting hole via a pin, and the other end of the first connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the swing rod via a pin. One end of the second connecting rod is rotatably mounted at the third connecting hole via a pin, and the other end of the second connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the swing rod via a pin. The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are located at opposite ends of the swing rod, and the middle part of the swing rod is keyed and sleeved on the transmission shaft.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, during transmission, the rotating wheel drives the rocker arm to oscillate reciprocally, which in turn drives the first and second connecting rods to oscillate. The first and second connecting rods then drive the oscillating rod to rotate, transmitting torque to the transmission shaft, thereby causing the oscillating cutter head to oscillate up and down. This linkage mechanism forms an underdriven mechanism, which amplifies the output torque a second time, resulting in better transmission performance.

[0020] Furthermore, the high-pressure water jet system includes a high-pressure plunger pump, a three-phase asynchronous motor, a control cabinet, a water tank, a filter, a pipeline pump, and a support plate. The support plate is mounted on the support frame. The high-pressure plunger pump, the three-phase asynchronous motor, the control cabinet, the water tank, the filter, and the pipeline pump are all mounted on the support plate. The outlet of the water tank is connected to the inlet of the filter, the outlet of the filter is connected to the inlet of the pipeline pump, the outlet of the pipeline pump is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure plunger pump, the output shaft of the three-phase asynchronous motor is eccentrically connected to the pump shaft of the high-pressure plunger pump, the outlet of the high-pressure plunger pump is connected to the inlet of the jet nozzle, and the control circuit of the control cabinet is connected to the drive circuits of the three-phase asynchronous motor and the high-pressure plunger pump, respectively.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the high-pressure water jet system is working, the water stored in the tank is filtered to remove impurities and then pumped into the high-pressure plunger pump through a pipeline pump. The three-phase asynchronous motor drives the pump shaft of the high-pressure plunger pump to rotate eccentrically, thereby pressurizing the water. The high-pressure pipe delivers the water to the jet nozzle to cut the rock mass at the working face. The water pressure can be controlled by the control cabinet according to the work requirements.

[0022] Furthermore, the support device includes a support top plate, a support cylinder, and a support bottom plate. The support bottom plate is disposed on the top of the support frame, the support cylinder is disposed on the support bottom plate, and the support top plate is connected to the top of the support cylinder.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the tunneling machine body moves to the working position, the piston shaft of the support cylinder rises, which drives the support roof plate to rise, so that the support roof plate and the top surface of the working roadway are pressed together, locking the tunneling machine body, making it difficult for the tunneling machine body to move, and improving the stability of the tunneling machine body during the tunneling process.

[0024] To better achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention also provides a method for using a high-pressure water jet-assisted cutterhead cutting hard rock tunnel boring machine, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1. The tunneling machine moves to the working roadway;

[0026] S2. The rear support of the tunneling machine extends and presses against the bottom working face, and the support cylinder lifts the support top plate, so that the support top plate presses against the top working face.

[0027] S3. The high-pressure water jet system operates. Water stored in the tank enters the high-pressure plunger pump via a pipeline pump. The output shaft of the three-phase asynchronous motor drives the pump shaft of the high-pressure plunger pump to rotate eccentrically, thereby pressurizing the water in the tank to form high-pressure water, which is then delivered to the jet nozzle. Simultaneously, the transmission system operates, rotating the output shaft of the drive motor. The output torque of the drive motor is amplified by a dual-output shaft reducer, and then amplified a second time by an underdriven mechanism formed by the transmission wheel, rocker arm, first connecting rod, second connecting rod, and swing rod, driving the swing blade. The disc swings upward, and high-pressure water is sprayed out through the jet nozzle to pre-cut the rock on the working face. As the oscillating disc swings upward, the first row of wide-bladed rollers at the top rolls the rock, followed by the second row of narrow-bladed rollers, and then the third row of narrow-bladed rollers and the fourth row of wide-bladed rollers. The scraper mechanism at the bottom of the oscillating disc works synchronously, driving the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to extend and drive the oscillating disc to swing, so that the scraper contacts the working face. The scraper cuts and cleans the rock blocks and broken rocks that have cracks on the working face, making the working end face flat.

[0028] S4. The drive motor continues to rotate, causing the swing cutter head to swing from top to bottom to perform top-down cutting operations. The scraper mechanism at the top of the swing cutter head works to cut and clean the rock blocks and broken rocks on the working surface.

[0029] S5. Repeat S3 and S4 several times;

[0030] S6. The high-pressure water jet system and transmission system stop working, the rear support of the tunneling machine retracts, the support cylinder drives the support top plate to descend, and then the tunneling machine moves forward;

[0031] S7. Repeat S2 to S5 until the hard rock excavation of the entire tunnel is completed.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solutions, the tunneling efficiency in hard rock has been improved.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] 1. This invention includes a oscillating cutterhead and a transmission system that drives the oscillating cutterhead to oscillate back and forth. The oscillating cutterhead is rotatably equipped with multiple rows of wide-bladed cutters, which are located on the upper and lower sides of the oscillating cutterhead respectively. Multiple rows of narrow-bladed cutters are rotatably equipped on the oscillating cutterhead, which are located between the multiple rows of wide-bladed cutters. Multiple rows of jet nozzles are arranged on the oscillating cutterhead near the wide-bladed cutters. During the tunneling process, the jet nozzles spray high-pressure water to pre-cut the rock mass at the working face, weakening the overall hardness of the rock mass at the working face. Then, the transmission system drives the oscillating cutterhead to oscillate, and the wide-bladed cutters and narrow-bladed cutters roll the rock mass at the working face in sequence, improving the tunneling efficiency of hard rock.

[0035] 2. This invention provides a scraper mechanism on the upper and lower sides of the swing cutterhead. During the swing of the cutterhead, the scraper mechanism cuts and cleans the working face rock after it has been cut by the wide-blade and narrow-blade roller cutters, making the working face flatter, facilitating subsequent construction, and helping to improve the tunneling efficiency of hard rock.

[0036] 3. The dual output shaft reducer in the transmission system of the present invention can amplify the output torque for the first time, and the linkage mechanism itself forms an underdriven mechanism, which can amplify the output torque for the second time, so that the swinging cutter head has a sufficiently large swinging force. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-pressure water jet-assisted cutterhead tunneling machine for cutting hard rock, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a front view illustrating the arrangement of the hobbing cutters on the oscillating cutter head in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wide-blade hob and a narrow-blade hob according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a side view illustrating the arrangement of the hobbing cutters on the oscillating cutter head in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oscillating cutter head and the support frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutter head base according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram illustrating the cooperation between the transmission system and the oscillating cutter head in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure water jet system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of a high-pressure water jet-assisted cutterhead cutting hard rock tunneling machine cutting a tunnel once, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Tunneling machine body; 2. Support frame; 3. Swinging cutterhead; 31. Mounting plate; 32. Cutterhead base; 321. Connecting plate; 322. Mounting plate; 323. Horizontal rib; 324. Vertical rib; 4. Transmission system; 41. Drive shaft; 42. Splined bushing; 43. Drive motor; 44. Dual output shaft reducer; 45. Linkage mechanism; 451. Transmission wheel; 452. Rocker arm; 453. First link; 454. Second link; 455. Swinging rod; 5. Wide-blade hob; 6. Narrow-blade hob; 7. Jet nozzle; 8. High-pressure water jet system; 8 1. High-pressure plunger pump; 82. Three-phase asynchronous motor; 83. Control cabinet; 84. Water tank; 85. Filter; 86. Pipeline pump; 87. Bearing plate; 9. Support device; 91. Support top plate; 92. Support cylinder; 93. Support bottom plate; 10. Side roller cutter; 11. Scraper mechanism; 111. Scraper base; 112. Scraper; 113. Drive cylinder; 12. Slider; 13. Slide groove; 14. Hydraulic oil tank; 15. Hydraulic control valve; 16. Threaded through hole; 17. Spline hole; 18. Eccentric shaft; 19. First connecting hole; 20. Second connecting hole; 21. Third connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0052] Example:

[0053] See Figure 1 The present invention provides a high-pressure water jet-assisted cutterhead cutting hard rock tunneling machine, including a tunneling machine body 1, on which a support frame 2 is detachably installed, and the support frame 2 is generally box-shaped.

[0054] A swing cutterhead 3 is rotatably mounted on the front end of the tunneling machine body 1, with a support frame 2. A transmission system 4 is installed on the support frame 2 to drive the swing cutterhead 3 to swing up and down. The transmission system 4 is connected to the swing cutterhead 3. Two rows of wide-bladed cutters 5 are rotatably mounted on the side of the swing cutterhead 3 away from the support frame 2. The two rows of wide-bladed cutters 5 are located on the upper and lower sides of the swing cutterhead 3, respectively. Two rows of narrow-bladed cutters 6 are rotatably mounted on the side of the swing cutterhead 3 away from the support frame 2. The two rows of narrow-bladed cutters 6 are located between the two rows of wide-bladed cutters 5. Four rows of jet nozzles 7 are installed on the swing cutterhead 3. Jet nozzles 7 are installed on the upper and lower sides of any row of wide-bladed cutters 5. A high-pressure water jet system 8 is installed on the support frame 2 to deliver high-pressure water flow toward the jet nozzles 7. The water outlet of the high-pressure water jet system 8 is connected to the water inlet of the jet nozzles 7. A support device 9 is installed on the support frame 2.

[0055] During tunneling operations, the tunneling machine body 1 moves to the working position inside the tunnel, the support device 9 rises and supports the top working face, the transmission system 4 drives the swing cutter head 3 to swing up and down, the jet nozzle 7 sprays high-pressure water to pre-cut the rock on the working face, and the wide-bladed cutter 5 and narrow-bladed cutter 6 roll the working face in sequence. Before the wide-bladed cutter 5 and narrow-bladed cutter 6 break the rock, high-pressure water pre-cuts the rock mass at the working face, creating a free surface that alters the stress distribution within the rock mass, thus weakening the rock's hardness and reducing cutter wear. While the narrow-bladed cutter 6 has a good rock-breaking effect, it is prone to wear. Since the wide-bladed cutter 5 is distributed on both the upper and lower sides of the narrow-bladed cutter 6, the narrow-bladed cutter 6 only comes into contact with the rock mass at the working face after the wide-bladed cutter 5 has cut the rock mass. After the wide-bladed cutter 5 cuts the rock mass, the overall hardness of the rock mass at the working face is further weakened, making it easier for the narrow-bladed cutter 6 to cut the rock mass. The combined effect of the wide-bladed cutter 5 and the narrow-bladed cutter 6 improves the cutting efficiency of the rock mass at the working face and reduces the wear on the narrow-bladed cutter 6, thereby improving the tunneling efficiency of hard rock.

[0056] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the wide-bladed hob 5 has one cutting edge, and the narrow-bladed hob 6 has two cutting edges. The planes where the cutting edges of the wide-bladed hob 5 and the narrow-bladed hob 6 are located are arranged alternately at equal intervals. This arrangement allows the wide-bladed hob 5 and narrow-bladed hob 6 to cut different positions on the working face, increasing the cutting area of ​​the working face rock mass. After the wide-bladed hob 5 cuts the working face rock mass, multiple free surfaces are cut out, forming plate-like rock masses between adjacent free surfaces. At this point, the plate-like rock masses are relatively fragile. When the narrow-bladed hob 6 cuts the rock mass, it acts on the middle position of the plate-like rock mass, making it easier for the plate-like rock mass to be crushed and detach from the working face.

[0057] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 At each of the four corners of the oscillating cutterhead 3 away from the support frame 2, a side roller cutter 10 is rotatably mounted. The cutting edges of the side roller cutters 10 are inclined away from the oscillating cutterhead 3, and the four side roller cutters 10 are positioned close to the wide-blade roller cutter 5. The side roller cutters 10 are used to cut the rock mass on the left and right working faces of the oscillating cutterhead 3 to ensure the overall width of the roadway. Four jet nozzles 7 are located at the four corners of the oscillating cutterhead 3, and the four jet nozzles 7 are respectively positioned close to the four side roller cutters 10. The axes of the four jet nozzles 7 are inclined towards the sides of the oscillating cutterhead 3. The side roller cutters 10 and jet nozzles 7 that are close to each other form a group. The vertical symmetry plane of the side roller cutter 10 in the same group coincides with the vertical plane where the axis of the jet nozzle 7 is located. This arrangement ensures that the cutting direction of the jet nozzles 7 and side roller cutters 10 in the same group on the working face is consistent. Before the side cutter 10 contacts the working face rock mass, the jet nozzles 7 located at the four corners of the swing cutter head 3 cut the rock mass on both sides of the working face of the swing cutter head 3, weakening the rock mass hardness, which can improve the cutting efficiency of the rock mass on both sides of the working face, while reducing the wear of the side cutter 10 and extending the service life of the side cutter 10.

[0058] For ease of description, the following directional descriptions assume that the tunneling machine is on a horizontal surface.

[0059] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 It should be added that the axes of the wide-blade cutter 5, the narrow-blade cutter 6, and the side cutter 10 are all set horizontally. The two side cutters 10 located at the upper corner of the swing cutterhead 3 and the wide-blade cutter 5 located above the swing cutterhead 3 are at the same horizontal height. The two side cutters 10 located at the lower corner of the swing cutterhead 3 and the wide-blade cutter 5 located below the swing cutterhead 3 are at the same horizontal height. This arrangement makes the cutting contour more regular, so that the roadway excavated by the tunneling machine has a square cross-section.

[0060] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 Each of the upper and lower sides of the oscillating cutter disc 3 is provided with a set of scraper mechanisms 11. Each scraper mechanism 11 includes a scraper base 111, multiple scrapers 112, and a drive cylinder 113. The scraper base 111 is rotatably mounted on the oscillating cutter disc 3, and its rotation axis is parallel to that of the oscillating cutter disc 3. The multiple scrapers 112 are detachably mounted on the scraper base 111 and maintain the same horizontal height. The two ends of the drive cylinder 113 are respectively hinged to the scraper base 111 and the oscillating cutter disc 3, and the axis of the piston shaft of the drive cylinder 113 is perpendicular to the axis of the scraper base 111. In this embodiment, one set of scraper mechanisms 11 includes two sets of drive cylinders 113, which are respectively located near the two ends of the scraper base 111 to improve the stability of the scraper mechanism 11.

[0061] When the oscillating cutter head 3 swings upward, the scraper mechanism 11 located below the oscillating cutter head 3 operates; when the oscillating cutter head 3 swings downward, the scraper mechanism 11 located above the oscillating cutter head 3 operates. When the scraper mechanism 11 operates, the piston shaft of the drive cylinder 113 extends, causing the scraper base 111 to move closer to the working surface. After the wide-blade roller cutter 5 and the narrow-blade roller cutter 6 cut the rock mass on the working surface, the oscillating cutter head 3 drives the scraper 112 to swing and cut and clean the cracked rock fragments on the working surface, making the working surface smoother.

[0062] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 6 The support device 9 includes a support top plate 91, four support cylinders 92, and a support bottom plate 93. The support bottom plate 93 is detachably mounted on the top of the support frame 2. The four support cylinders 92 are symmetrically mounted on the support bottom plate 93, and the piston shafts of the support cylinders 92 are vertically arranged. The support top plate 91 is connected to the top of the support cylinders 92. When the tunneling machine body 1 moves to the working position, the piston shafts of the support cylinders 92 rise, driving the support top plate 91 to rise, so that the support top plate 91 and the top surface of the working roadway are pressed tightly together, locking the tunneling machine body 1, making it difficult for the tunneling machine body 1 to move, and improving the stability of the tunneling machine body 1 during the tunneling process.

[0063] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, the support base plate 93 consists of two symmetrically arranged L-shaped plates. A dovetail-shaped slider 12 is fixed to the bottom of the support base plate 93. Two sliding grooves 13, which mate with the slider 12, are opened on the top plane of the support frame 2. The sliding grooves 13 also have a dovetail-shaped cross-section. The slider 12 slides within the sliding grooves 13. This method facilitates adjustment of the support position of the support device 9 and also facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the support base plate 93. Reinforcing ribs are welded and fixed at the corners of both the support base plate 93 and the support top plate 91. The support base plate 93 and the support top plate 91 have high structural strength and are not prone to deformation.

[0064] It should be added that the support frame 2 has a detachable hydraulic oil tank 14 and a hydraulic control valve 15 that are interconnected. The multiple outputs of the hydraulic control valve 15 are connected to the drive cylinder 113 and the support cylinder 92 via oil pipes. The hydraulic oil tank 14 stores hydraulic oil, which is delivered to the drive cylinder 113 and the support cylinder 92 through the hydraulic control valve 15. The hydraulic control valve 15 controls the movement of the drive cylinder 113 and the support cylinder 92.

[0065] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8The oscillating cutter head 3 includes a mounting plate 31 and a cutter head base 32. The cutter head base 32 includes a connecting plate 321, a mounting plate 322, multiple horizontal ribs 323 and multiple vertical ribs 324. The connecting plate 321 is rotatably mounted on the support frame 2 and is connected to the transmission system 4. The mounting plate 322 can be fixed to the side of the connecting plate 321 away from the support frame 2 by welding. The mounting plate 322 has multiple threaded through holes 16 for easy bolt insertion. The multiple threaded through holes 16 are evenly distributed at the four corners of the mounting plate 322. The mounting plate 31 is detachably mounted on the side of the mounting plate 322 away from the connecting plate 321 by bolts. In this embodiment, each corner of the mounting plate 322 has four threaded through holes 16, which can improve the stability of the connection between the mounting plate 322 and the mounting plate 31.

[0066] The wide-blade hob 5 and the narrow-blade hob 6 are mounted on the side of the mounting plate 31 away from the mounting plate 322. The mounting plate 31 and the mounting plate 322 are easily detached and reassembled, facilitating the replacement of the wide-blade hob 5 and the narrow-blade hob 6. Horizontal ribs 323 and vertical ribs 324 are fixed at the connection between the connecting plate 321 and the mounting plate 322 to improve the connection strength between them. It should also be noted that the side hob 10, the jet nozzle 7, and the scraper mechanism 11 are all detachably mounted on the mounting plate 31.

[0067] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The transmission system 4 includes a drive shaft 41, a splined bushing 42, a drive motor 43, a dual-output shaft reducer 44, and two sets of linkage mechanisms 45. The drive shaft 41 is rotatably mounted on the support frame 2 via bearings, and the axis of the drive shaft 41 is horizontally set. The splined bushing 42 is coaxially sleeved on the drive shaft 41, and the splined bushing 42 and the drive shaft 41 are keyed together. The connecting plate 321 has a splined hole 17 that mates with the splined bushing 42. The splined bushing 42 passes through the splined hole 17, and the oscillating cutter head 3 and the drive shaft 41 can rotate synchronously through the splined shaft.

[0068] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 9 The drive motor 43 and the dual-output-shaft reducer 44 are detachably mounted inside the support frame 2. The output shaft of the drive motor 43 is connected to the input shaft of the dual-output-shaft reducer 44, and the axes of the two output shafts of the dual-output-shaft reducer 44 are parallel to the axis of the transmission shaft 41. Two sets of linkage mechanisms 45 are respectively connected to the two output shafts of the dual-output-shaft reducer 44. The end of the linkage mechanism 45 away from the dual-output-shaft reducer 44 is keyed to the transmission shaft 41, and the torque is transmitted to the transmission shaft 41 through the linkage mechanism 45.

[0069] Reference Figure 9 and Figure 10The linkage mechanism 45 includes a transmission wheel 451, a rocker arm 452, a first connecting rod 453, a second connecting rod 454, and a swing rod 455. In this embodiment, the first connecting rod 453 and the second connecting rod 454 have the same structure, and both the first connecting rod 453 and the second connecting rod 454 have a V-shaped structure. The transmission wheel 451 is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the dual output shaft reducer 44, and an eccentric shaft 18 is eccentrically fixed on the transmission wheel 451. The axis of the eccentric shaft 18 is parallel to the axis of the transmission wheel 451. The rocker arm 452 has a first connecting hole 19, a second connecting hole 20, and a third connecting hole 21 arranged in parallel. The first connecting hole 19 and the third connecting hole 21 are located at the two ends of the rocker arm 452, respectively. The second connecting hole 20 is located between the first connecting hole 19 and the third connecting hole 21. An eccentric shaft 18 passes through the first connecting hole 19. One end of the first connecting rod 453 is rotatably mounted at the second connecting hole 20 via a pin, and the other end of the first connecting rod 453 is rotatably mounted on the swing arm 455 via a pin. One end of the second connecting rod 454 is rotatably mounted at the third connecting hole 21 via a pin, and the other end of the second connecting rod 454 is rotatably mounted on the swing arm 455 via a pin. The first connecting rod 453 and the second connecting rod 454 are connected to the two ends of the swing arm 455, respectively, and are arranged intersectingly. The middle part of the swing arm 455 is keyed and sleeved on the transmission shaft 41.

[0070] When the transmission system 4 is in operation, the output shaft of the drive motor 43 rotates, which in turn drives the output shaft of the dual-output-shaft reducer 44 to rotate. This speed reduction increases the output torque. The dual-output-shaft reducer 44 drives the rotating wheel to rotate, and the eccentric wheel drives the rocker arm 452 to oscillate periodically. The rocker arm 452 drives the first connecting rod 453 and the second connecting rod 454 to oscillate periodically. The first connecting rod 453 and the second connecting rod 454 drive the swing rod 455 to rotate, which in turn drives the swing cutter head 3 to oscillate up and down via the transmission shaft 41 and the splined bushing 42. Each rotation of the eccentric wheel drives the swing cutter head 3 to oscillate up and down multiple times. This linkage mechanism 45 forms an underdriven mechanism, amplifying the output torque a second time, resulting in better transmission performance and effectively ensuring the cutting torque of the swing cutter head 3 during cutting.

[0071] It should be added that, in this embodiment, the drive motor 43 is a self-locking brake motor, which can lock itself in time when a sudden situation occurs on the working surface to prevent the swing cutter head 3 from losing control due to a sudden situation.

[0072] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 11The high-pressure water jet system 8 is installed on top of the support frame 2, and is located directly below the support top plate 91, providing protection for the high-pressure water jet system 8. The high-pressure water jet system 8 includes a high-pressure plunger pump 81, a three-phase asynchronous motor 82, a control cabinet 83, a water tank 84, a filter 85, a pipeline pump 86, and a support plate 87. The support plate 87 is detachably installed on the top surface of the support frame 2. The high-pressure plunger pump 81, the three-phase asynchronous motor 82, the control cabinet 83, the water tank 84, the filter 85, and the pipeline pump 86 are all installed on the support plate 87. The outlet of the water tank 84 and the inlet of the filter 85 are connected by a water pipe, and the outlet of the filter 85 and the inlet of the pipeline pump 86 are connected by a water pipe. The filter 85 separates impurities from the water and filters the water. The outlet of the pipeline pump 86 and the inlet of the high-pressure plunger pump 81 are connected by a water pipe. The output shaft of the three-phase asynchronous motor 82 and the pump shaft of the high-pressure plunger pump 81 are eccentrically connected. The three-phase asynchronous motor 82 drives the pump shaft of the high-pressure plunger pump 81 to rotate eccentrically, thereby pressurizing the water. The outlet of the high-pressure plunger pump 81 and the inlet of the jet nozzle 7 are connected by a water pipe. The pressurized high-pressure water is delivered to the jet nozzle 7 and sprayed out.

[0073] The control circuit of control cabinet 83 is connected to the drive circuits of three-phase asynchronous motor 82 and high-pressure plunger pump 81 respectively. Control cabinet 83 has a built-in frequency converter for adjusting the working status of high-pressure plunger pump 81 and three-phase asynchronous motor 82, thereby controlling the outlet water pressure. It should also be noted that a water pressure gauge and a flow meter are installed at the outlet of high-pressure plunger pump 81 for real-time monitoring of the water pressure at the outlet of high-pressure plunger pump 81.

[0074] The implementation principle of a high-pressure water jet-assisted cutterhead cutting hard rock tunneling machine in this embodiment is as follows: During tunneling, the tunneling machine body 1 moves to the working roadway, the piston shaft of the support cylinder 92 rises, driving the support roof plate 91 to rise, so that the support roof plate 91 and the top surface of the working roadway are pressed tightly together, locking the tunneling machine body 1. The transmission system 4 drives the swing cutterhead 3 to swing up and down, and the jet nozzle sprays high-pressure water to pre-cut the rock on the working face. The wide-blade roller cutter 5 and the narrow-blade roller cutter 6 roll the working face in sequence, while the side roller cutter 10 cuts the edge of the roadway. During the swinging process of the swing cutterhead 3, the scraper mechanism 11 cuts and cleans the working face, making the working face smoother. Before the wide-bladed cutter 5 and narrow-bladed cutter 6 break the rock, high-pressure water pre-cuts the rock mass at the working face, creating a free surface that alters the stress distribution within the rock mass, thus weakening the rock's hardness and reducing cutter wear. While the narrow-bladed cutter 6 has a good rock-breaking effect, it is prone to wear. Since the wide-bladed cutter 5 is distributed on both the upper and lower sides of the narrow-bladed cutter 6, the narrow-bladed cutter 6 only comes into contact with the rock mass at the working face after the wide-bladed cutter 5 has cut the rock mass. After the wide-bladed cutter 5 cuts the rock mass, the overall hardness of the rock mass at the working face is further weakened, making it easier for the narrow-bladed cutter 6 to cut the rock mass. The combined effect of the wide-bladed cutter 5 and the narrow-bladed cutter 6 improves the cutting efficiency of the rock mass at the working face and reduces the wear on the narrow-bladed cutter 6, thereby improving the tunneling efficiency of hard rock.

[0075] Reference Figures 1-12 The present invention also provides a method for using a high-pressure water jet-assisted cutterhead cutting hard rock tunnel boring machine, comprising the following steps:

[0076] S1. The tunneling machine moves to the working roadway.

[0077] S2. The rear support of the tunneling machine extends and presses against the bottom working face. The support cylinder 92 lifts the support top plate 91, so that the support top plate 91 presses against the top working face and locks the tunneling machine.

[0078] S3. The high-pressure water jet system 8 is working. The water stored in the water tank 84 enters the high-pressure plunger pump 81 through the pipeline pump 86. The output shaft of the three-phase asynchronous motor 82 drives the pump shaft of the high-pressure plunger pump 81 to rotate eccentrically, thereby pressurizing the water in the water tank 84 to form high-pressure water, and then delivering the high-pressure water to the jet nozzle 7. The transmission system 4 works simultaneously, the output shaft of the drive motor 43 rotates, and the output torque of the drive motor 43 is amplified by the double output shaft reducer 44. Then, the output torque is amplified a second time by the underdriven mechanism formed by the transmission wheel 451, rocker arm 452, first connecting rod 453, second connecting rod 454, and swing rod 455, which drives the swing cutter disc 3 to swing upward. High-pressure water is sprayed out through the jet nozzle 7 to pre-cut the rock on the working surface. As the swing cutter disc 3 swings upward, the first row of wide-bladed roller cutters 5 at the top rolls the rock, followed by the second row of narrow-bladed roller cutters 6 rolling in sequence, and then the third row of narrow-bladed roller cutters 6 and the fourth row of wide-bladed roller cutters 5 rolling in sequence. The scraper mechanism 11 at the bottom of the swing cutter disc 3 works synchronously, the piston rod of the drive cylinder 113 extends, and the swing cutter disc 3 swings, so that the scraper 112 contacts the working surface. The scraper 112 cuts and cleans the rock blocks and broken rocks with cracks on the working surface, so that the working end face is flat.

[0079] S4. The drive motor 43 continues to rotate, driving the swing cutter head 3 to swing from top to bottom to perform top-down cutting operations. The scraper mechanism 11 at the top of the swing cutter head 3 works to cut and clean the rock blocks and broken rocks on the working surface.

[0080] S5. Repeat S3 and S4 several times.

[0081] S6, the high-pressure water jet system 8 and the transmission system 4 stop working, the rear support of the tunneling machine retracts, the support cylinder 92 drives the support top plate 91 to descend, and then the tunneling machine moves forward.

[0082] S7. Repeat S2 to S6 until the hard rock excavation of the entire tunnel is completed.

[0083] By adopting the above technical solutions, the tunneling efficiency in hard rock has been improved.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-pressure water jet-assisted cutterhead tunneling machine for cutting hard rock, characterized in that, The tunneling machine includes a tunneling locomotive body (1), on which a support frame (2) is mounted. A swing cutterhead (3) is rotatably mounted on the support frame (2). A transmission system (4) is provided on the support frame (2) to drive the swing cutterhead (3) to swing back and forth. The transmission system (4) is connected to the swing cutterhead (3). Multiple rows of wide-bladed hobs (5) are rotatably mounted on the side of the swing cutterhead (3) away from the support frame (2). The multiple rows of wide-bladed hobs (5) are located on the upper and lower sides of the swing cutterhead (3). The swing cutterhead (3) is away from the support frame (2). The oscillating cutter head (3) is provided with multiple rows of narrow-blade hobs (6) rotating on one side. The multiple rows of narrow-blade hobs (6) are located between multiple rows of wide-blade hobs (5). The oscillating cutter head (3) is provided with multiple rows of jet nozzles (7). The upper and lower sides of any row of wide-blade hobs (5) are provided with jet nozzles (7). The support frame (2) is provided with a high-pressure water jet system (8) that delivers high-pressure water flow toward the jet nozzles (7). The outlet end of the high-pressure water jet system (8) is connected to the inlet end of the jet nozzles (7). The support frame (2) is provided with a support device (9) that is lifted and lowered above it. The transmission system (4) includes a transmission shaft (41), a splined bushing (42), a drive motor (43), a dual-output shaft reducer (44), and two sets of linkage mechanisms (45). The linkage mechanism (45) includes a transmission wheel (451), a rocker arm (452), a first connecting rod (453), a second connecting rod (454), and a swing arm (455). The transmission wheel (451) is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the dual-output shaft reducer (44). An eccentric shaft (18) is eccentrically fixed on the transmission wheel (451). The axis of the eccentric shaft (18) is parallel to the axis of the transmission wheel (451). A first connecting hole (19), a second connecting hole (20), and a third connecting hole (21) are parallel to each other on the rocker arm (452). The first connecting hole (19) and the third connecting hole (21) are respectively located on the rocker arm (452). At both ends, the second connecting hole (20) is located between the first connecting hole (19) and the third connecting hole (21). The eccentric shaft (18) passes through the first connecting hole (19). One end of the first connecting rod (453) is rotatably set at the second connecting hole (20) by a pin. The other end of the first connecting rod (453) is rotatably set on the swing rod (455) by a pin. One end of the second connecting rod (454) is rotatably set at the third connecting hole (21) by a pin. The other end of the second connecting rod (454) is rotatably set on the swing rod (455) by a pin. The first connecting rod (453) and the second connecting rod (454) are respectively located at both ends of the swing rod (455). The middle part of the swing rod (455) is connected and sleeved on the transmission shaft (41) by a key. The high-pressure water jet system (8) includes a high-pressure plunger pump (81), a three-phase asynchronous motor (82), a control cabinet (83), a water tank (84), a filter (85), a pipeline pump (86), and a support plate (87). The support plate (87) is mounted on the support frame (2). The high-pressure plunger pump (81), the three-phase asynchronous motor (82), the control cabinet (83), the water tank (84), the filter (85), and the pipeline pump (86) are all mounted on the support plate (87). The outlet of the water tank (84) and the filter... The inlet of the filter (85) is connected to the outlet of the filter (85) and the inlet of the pipeline pump (86). The outlet of the pipeline pump (86) and the inlet of the high-pressure plunger pump (81) are connected to the outlet of the high-pressure plunger pump (81). The output shaft of the three-phase asynchronous motor (82) and the pump shaft of the high-pressure plunger pump (81) are eccentrically connected. The outlet of the high-pressure plunger pump (81) and the inlet of the jet nozzle (7) are connected to the outlet of the jet nozzle (7). The control circuit of the control cabinet (83) is connected to the drive circuit of the three-phase asynchronous motor (82) and the high-pressure plunger pump (81) respectively. The narrow-bladed roller cutter (6) has a good rock-breaking effect but is easily worn. Since the wide-bladed roller cutter (5) is distributed on the upper and lower sides of the narrow-bladed roller cutter (6), the narrow-bladed roller cutter (6) will only come into contact with the rock mass of the working face after the wide-bladed roller cutter (5) cuts the rock mass of the working face.

2. The high-pressure water jet-assisted cutterhead tunneling machine for cutting hard rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oscillating cutter disc (3) has multiple corners on the side away from the support frame (2) where side cutters (10) are rotatably arranged. The cutting edge of the side cutter (10) is inclined away from the oscillating cutter disc (3), and some of the jet nozzles (7) are arranged close to the side cutter (10).

3. The high-pressure water jet assisted cutterhead tunnel boring machine of claim 1, wherein, The upper and lower sides of the swing cutter disc (3) are respectively provided with scraper mechanisms (11). The scraper mechanism (11) includes a scraper base (111), a plurality of scrapers (112) and a drive cylinder (113). The scraper base (111) is rotatably mounted on the swing cutter disc (3). The plurality of scrapers (112) are mounted on the scraper base (111). The two ends of the drive cylinder (113) are respectively hinged to the scraper base (111) and the swing cutter disc (3).

4. The high-pressure water jet assisted cutterhead tunnel boring machine of claim 1, wherein, The planes in which the blades of the narrow-blade hob (6) and the wide-blade hob (5) are located are arranged in an alternating manner.

5. The high-pressure water jet assisted cutterhead tunnel boring machine of claim 1, wherein, The oscillating cutter head (3) includes a mounting plate (31) and a cutter head base (32). The cutter head base (32) includes a connecting plate (321), a mounting plate (322), multiple horizontal ribs (323), and multiple vertical ribs (324). The connecting plate (321) is rotatably mounted on the support frame (2). The connecting plate (321) is connected to the transmission system (4). The mounting plate (322) is fixed on the side of the connecting plate (321) away from the support frame (2). The mounting plate (31) is detachably mounted on the side of the mounting plate (322) away from the connecting plate (321) by bolts. The wide-blade hob (5) and the narrow-blade hob (6) are mounted on the side of the mounting plate (31) away from the mounting plate (322). The mounting plate (322) has a plurality of threaded through holes (16). The horizontal rib (323) and the vertical rib (324) are fixed at the connection between the connecting plate (321) and the mounting plate (322).

6. A high pressure water jet assisted cutterhead tunnel boring machine according to claim 5 wherein, The drive shaft (41) is rotatably mounted on the support frame (2). The spline bushing (42) is coaxially mounted on the drive shaft (41) and the spline bushing (42) and the drive shaft (41) are keyed together. The cutter head base (32) has a spline hole (17) and the spline bushing (42) passes through the spline hole (17). The drive motor (43) and the dual output shaft reducer (44) are mounted on the support frame (2). The output shaft of the drive motor (43) is connected to the input shaft of the dual output shaft reducer (44). Two sets of linkage mechanisms (45) are respectively connected to the two output shafts of the dual output shaft reducer (44). The end of the linkage mechanism (45) away from the dual output shaft reducer (44) is keyed together with the drive shaft (41).

7. The high-pressure water jet assisted cutterhead tunnel boring machine of claim 1, wherein, The support device (9) includes a support top plate (91), a support cylinder (92) and a support bottom plate (93). The support bottom plate (93) is located on the top of the support frame (2), the support cylinder (92) is located on the support bottom plate (93), and the support top plate (91) is connected to the top of the support cylinder (92).

8. A method of using a high-pressure water jet-assisted cutterhead tunneling machine for cutting hard rock, applicable to the high-pressure water jet-assisted cutterhead tunneling machine for cutting hard rock as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The tunneling machine moves to the working roadway; S2. The rear support of the tunneling machine extends and presses against the bottom working face. The support cylinder (92) lifts the support top plate (91) so that the support top plate (91) presses against the bottom working face. S3, the high-pressure water jet system (8) delivers high-pressure water to the jet nozzle (7), and the high-pressure water is sprayed out through the jet nozzle (7) to pre-cut the rock on the working face. The transmission system (4) drives the swing cutter head (3) to swing upward. The wide-blade roller (5) and the narrow-blade roller (6) roll the rock on the working face in sequence. The scraper mechanism (11) at the bottom of the swing cutter head (3) works synchronously. The scraper mechanism (11) cuts and cleans the rock blocks and broken rocks with existing cracks on the working face. S4. The transmission system (4) drives the swing cutter head (3) to swing from top to bottom to perform top-to-bottom cutting operations. The scraper mechanism (11) at the top of the swing cutter head (3) works to cut and clean the rock blocks and broken rocks on the working surface. S5. Repeat S3 and S4 several times; S6, the high-pressure water jet system (8) and transmission system (4) stop working, the rear support of the tunneling machine is retracted, the support cylinder (92) drives the support top plate (91) to descend, and then the tunneling machine moves forward; S7. Repeat S2 to S6 until the hard rock excavation of the entire tunnel is completed.

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