Tangential thrust water turbine
By designing a tangential thrust turbine, the tangential pressure of high-pressure water is converted into mechanical energy, solving the problem of increasing the power of hydroelectric generator sets and achieving efficient and stable power output, with a maximum power of up to 1 million kilowatts.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 李新亚
- Filing Date
- 2022-12-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing hydroelectric generator sets are difficult to increase in power due to limitations in the structure of impulse and reaction turbines.
Design a tangential thrust-type water turbine, including a rotating shaft, rotating column, telescopic device, outer shell and control head. By setting an annular water tank and sliding hole on the rotating column, the tangential pressure of high-pressure water is converted into mechanical energy. The power is increased by increasing the outer diameter of the bottom of the water tank, the axial width, the radial dimension and the high-pressure water pressure.
It achieves a significant increase in turbine power, with a maximum power exceeding 1 million kilowatts, high rotational stability, and high efficiency. The design of the slider and control head reduces water waste, and the slider contact is smooth.
Smart Images
Figure CN116857107B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a tangential thrust turbine, and more particularly to a tangential thrust turbine with a wide power range. Background Technology
[0002] The largest power output of a hydroelectric generator set in the world today is 1 million kilowatts.
[0003] Due to the limitations of the current impulse turbine or reaction turbine structure, it is difficult to increase the power of hydroelectric generators.
[0004] To further increase the power of the hydroelectric generator, the turbine needs to adopt a different structure. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tangential thrust turbine with a large power range.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
[0007] A tangential thrust turbine includes a shaft, a rotating column, a telescopic device, a casing, and a control head.
[0008] The shaft is cylindrical with a vertical axis.
[0009] The rotating column is cylindrical, with an outer diameter larger than that of the rotating shaft and an axial length smaller than that of the rotating shaft. It is coaxially fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft. The two ends of the rotating shaft extend outward from the two ends of the rotating column.
[0010] The rotating column has n annular water grooves on its circumferential surface, and its axis coincides with the axis of these n annular water grooves, where n is an even number equal to or greater than 2.
[0011] These n water tanks are evenly distributed along the axial direction on the circumferential surface of the rotating column. These n water tanks are named sequentially from top to bottom as the first water tank, the second water tank, the third water tank, the fourth water tank, the fifth water tank, and so on, up to the nth water tank. The first water tank and the second water tank are the first pair of water tanks, the third water tank and the fourth water tank are the second pair of water tanks, and so on. There are a total of n / 2 pairs of water tanks on the rotating column.
[0012] On the bottom surface of any one of the n water tanks, there is a radial sliding hole. There are a total of n sliding holes on the rotating column. The sliding hole on the bottom surface of any water tank is a cuboid cavity with its outer end connected to the water tank and its inner end close to the rotating shaft. Its axial width is equal to the axial width of the water tank. The n sliding holes on the rotating column are located on the same vertical plane. However, the projections of the two sliding holes on the bottom of any pair of water tanks in the n / 2 pairs of water tanks on the rotating column onto the plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating column are centrally symmetrical.
[0013] The outer shell is composed of two end shells, an upper and a lower one, and a vertical cylindrical shell located between these two end shells.
[0014] The shell is cylindrical, its axis coincides with the axis of the rotating column, its axial length is greater than the axial length of the rotating column, its inner circumferential surface is in contact with the outward protruding circumferential surface of the rotating column, and it movably seals the openings of n water tanks on the rotating column.
[0015] Both end shells are annular, and their axes coincide with the axis of the rotating shaft.
[0016] The shaft has two bearings at each end, which are installed in the annular holes of the two end shells respectively. It cannot move axially relative to the outer shell, but can rotate freely around the axis. Its lower end does not extend downward from the lower end shell, but its upper end extends upward from the upper end shell.
[0017] A telescopic device is installed in a sliding hole on the bottom of any water tank on the rotating column. The telescopic device includes a slider and a spring. The slider is inserted into the outer end of the sliding hole. It is cuboid in shape, with an axial width equal to the axial width of the water tank and a radial length less than the radial depth of the sliding hole. Its four outer surfaces, excluding its two end faces, are in movable contact with the four corresponding hole walls of the sliding hole. It can slide freely radially in the sliding hole. The spring is inserted into the inner end of the sliding hole. It is always in a compressed state. Its outer end is in contact with the inner end of the slider and its inner end is in contact with the bottom of the sliding hole. When the outer end of the slider is unobstructed, the spring force on the slider causes the outer end of the slider to extend into the water tank, and the outer end of the slider is in movable contact with the inner circumferential surface of the corresponding position of the cylindrical shell.
[0018] On the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder shell, n control heads are fixedly installed, and these n control heads extend radially into the n water tanks on the rotating column.
[0019] A control head, extending into any of the water tanks, is an arc-shaped protrusion formed by a front arc surface, a rear arc surface, and a corresponding cylindrical shell. The apex of the control head is located where the front and rear arc surfaces smoothly meet, and this apex makes movable contact with the bottom of the corresponding water tank. A water inlet is formed on the front arc surface, facing the water tank on one side of the front arc surface. A drain outlet is formed on the rear arc surface, facing the water tank on one side of the rear arc surface. A water inlet pipe mounted on the cylindrical shell is close to the control head and communicates with the water inlet. Water from the water inlet flows through the water inlet into the water tank on the front arc surface. A flared opening on the cylindrical shell is close to the control head and communicates with the drain outlet. The water tank... As the slider in the sliding hole at the bottom of the tank rotates clockwise toward the rear arc surface of the control head, its outer end extends into the water tank, driving the wastewater in the water tank on the rear arc surface side out through the drain outlet and the flared mouth. As it passes through the rear arc surface, its extended end gradually retracts into the sliding hole. When it passes the apex, its outer end is completely retracted into the sliding hole. Then, as it passes through the front arc surface, its outer end gradually extends into the water tank again. When its outer end passes through the inlet, high-pressure water flows into the water tank on the front arc surface side through the inlet pipe and the inlet, generating tangential pressure on its outer end. During the work done by this pressure, the pressure energy of the high-pressure water is converted into the mechanical energy of the slider and the rotating column.
[0020] The projections of the two control heads in any pair of water tanks extending into these n / 2 pairs of water tanks onto the plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating column are centrally symmetrical. In two adjacent pairs of water tanks, the line connecting the projections of the two control heads in the previous pair onto the plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating column is denoted as 'a', and the line connecting the projections of the two control heads in the next pair onto the same plane is denoted as 'b'. 'a' rotates 720° / n clockwise along the plane and coincides with 'b'. When any slider on the rotating column passes through the inlet on the control head in the corresponding water tank, high-pressure water flows into the water tank from the inlet, providing a clockwise boost to the slider.
[0021] The following methods can be used to increase the output power of the tangential thrust turbine: increase the outer diameter of the tank bottom, increase the axial width of the tank, increase the radial dimension of the tank, increase the value of n, and increase the pressure of the high-pressure water flowing into the tank.
[0022] On the control head, the smaller the distance between the inlet and outlet, the higher the efficiency of the tangential thrust turbine.
[0023] With this structure, the pressure of the high-pressure water on the slider on the rotating column is applied close to the circumferential surface of the rotating column and in the tangential direction, thus generating a large dynamic torque.
[0024] With this structure, the distance that the high-pressure water travels on the slider of the rotating column is almost equal to the circumference of the rotating column's surface. The pressure does a lot of work, and work is a measure of energy conversion. The pressure energy of the high-pressure water is converted into a lot of mechanical energy for the slider and the rotating column, so the efficiency of the tangential thrust turbine is relatively high.
[0025] With this structure, the water flowing into the water tank does no work on the slider as it moves from the drain to the inlet, and this water is wasted. However, since the distance between the inlet and the drain is very small, the amount of water wasted is not much, so the efficiency of the tangential thrust turbine is relatively high.
[0026] With this structure, as the slider passes through the control head, it contacts the smooth rear arc surface and the front arc surface of the control head one after the other. The length of the slider extending into the water tank changes gradually, and there is no violent collision with the control head. Therefore, the rotating column rotates more smoothly.
[0027] With this structure, when one of the sliders located on the radial sides of the rotating column is subjected to the radial force F1 of the corresponding control head on the cylinder shell, the other slider is also subjected to the radial force F2 of the other corresponding control head on the cylinder shell. Due to the symmetry, F1 and F2 are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, and F1 and F2 cancel each other out, so the rotating column rotates more smoothly.
[0028] With this structure, the power of the tangential thrust turbine can be increased by either increasing the outer diameter of the tank bottom, increasing the axial width of the tank, increasing the radial dimension of the tank, increasing the value of n, or increasing the pressure of the high-pressure water flowing into the tank. Therefore, the power of the tangential thrust turbine has a wide range of options, and the maximum power can exceed 1 million kilowatts.
[0029] All current water turbines were invented by foreigners: in 1849, the American Francis invented the mixed-flow turbine; in 1889, the American Pelton invented the bucket turbine; in 1919, the American Harza invented the axial-flow turbine; in 1920, the Austrian Kaplan invented the axial-flow turbine; and in 1956, the Swiss Delia invented the diagonal-flow turbine. Only the tangential-thrust turbine was invented by the Chinese, and this invention is truly precious. Attached Figure Description
[0030] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal vertical section of a tangential thrust turbine, where n = 8.
[0032] Figure 2 It is along Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the horizontal cross-section of the tangential thrust turbine of the AA line.
[0033] Figure 3 It is along Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the horizontal cross-section of the tangential thrust turbine of the BB line. Detailed Implementation
[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 or Figure 3 As shown, a tangential thrust turbine includes a shaft 1, a rotating column 2, a telescopic device, a housing 6, and a control head 8.
[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 or Figure 3 As shown, the rotating shaft 1 is cylindrical and its axis is vertical.
[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 or Figure 3 As shown, the rotating column 2 is cylindrical, with an outer diameter greater than that of the rotating shaft 1 and an axial length less than that of the rotating shaft 1. It is coaxially fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 1. The two ends of the rotating shaft 1 extend outward from the two ends of the rotating column 2.
[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the rotating column 2 has n annular water grooves 7 on its circumferential surface, and its axis coincides with the axis of these n annular water grooves 7, where n is an even number equal to or greater than 2.
[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the n water tanks 7 are evenly distributed along the axial direction on the circumferential surface of the rotating column 2. The n water tanks 7 are named sequentially from top to bottom as the first water tank 7, the second water tank 7, the third water tank 7, the fourth water tank 7, the fifth water tank 7, and so on, up to the nth water tank 7. The first water tank 7 and the second water tank 7 are the first pair of water tanks 7, the third water tank 7 and the fourth water tank 7 are the second pair of water tanks 7, and so on. There are a total of n / 2 pairs of water tanks 7 on the rotating column 2.
[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, any one of the n water tanks 7 has a radial sliding hole 3 on its bottom surface. There are a total of n sliding holes 3 on the rotating column 2. The sliding hole 3 on the bottom surface of any water tank 7 is a cuboid cavity. Its outer end is connected to the water tank 7, and its inner end is close to the rotating shaft 1. Its axial width is equal to the axial width of the water tank 7. The n sliding holes 3 on the rotating column 2 are located on the same vertical plane. However, the projections of the two sliding holes 3 on the bottom of any pair of water tanks 7 in the n / 2 pairs of water tanks 7 on the rotating column 2 onto the plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating column 2 are centrally symmetrical.
[0040] like Figure 1As shown, the outer shell 6 is formed by two upper and lower end shells 6a and a vertical cylindrical shell 6b located between these two end shells 6a.
[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the cylindrical shell 6b is cylindrical, its axis coincides with the axis of the rotating column 2, its axial length is greater than the axial length of the rotating column 2, its inner circumferential surface is in contact with the outward protruding circumferential surface on the rotating column 2, and it movably covers the openings of the n water tanks 7 on the rotating column 2.
[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, both end shells 6a are annular, and their axes coincide with the axis of the rotating shaft 1.
[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the rotating shaft 1 has two bearings 11 at each end, which are respectively installed in the annular holes 6c of the two end shells 6a. It cannot move axially relative to the outer shell 6, but can rotate freely around the axis. Its lower end does not extend downward from the lower end shell 6a, but its upper end extends upward from the upper end shell 6a.
[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 or Figure 3 As shown, a telescopic device is installed in the sliding hole 3 on the bottom of any water tank 7 on the rotating column 2. The telescopic device includes a slider 4 and a spring 5. The slider 4 is inserted into the outer end of the sliding hole 3. It is cuboid in shape. Its axial width is equal to the axial width of the water tank 7. Its radial length is less than the radial depth of the sliding hole 3. Its four outer surfaces, excluding its two end faces, are in movable contact with the four corresponding hole walls of the sliding hole 3. It can slide freely radially in the sliding hole 3. The spring 5 is inserted into the inner end of the sliding hole 3. It is always in a compressed state. Its outer end is in contact with the inner end of the slider 4. Its inner end is in contact with the bottom of the hole of the sliding hole 3. When the outer end of the slider 4 is not obstructed, its elastic force on the slider 4 causes the outer end of the slider 4 to extend into the water tank 7. The outer end of the slider 4 is in movable contact with the inner circumferential surface of the corresponding position of the cylindrical shell 6b.
[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 or Figure 3 As shown, n control heads 8 are fixedly installed on the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical shell 6b, and these n control heads 8 extend radially into the n water tanks 7 on the rotating column 2.
[0046] like Figure 2 or Figure 3As shown, the control head 8, which extends into any of the water tanks 7, is an arc-shaped protrusion formed by a front arc surface 8a, a rear arc surface 8b, and the corresponding cylindrical shell 6b. The smooth junction of the front arc surface 8a and the rear arc surface 8b is the apex 8c of the control head 8, which makes contact with the bottom of the corresponding water tank 7. A water inlet 8d is opened on the front arc surface 8a, facing the water tank 7 on the side of the front arc surface 8a. A drain outlet 8e is opened on the rear arc surface 8b, facing the water tank 7 on the side of the rear arc surface 8b. A water inlet pipe 9, installed on the cylindrical shell 6b, is close to the control head 8 and communicates with the water inlet 8d. Water from the water inlet pipe flows through the water inlet pipe 9, from the water inlet 8d, into the water tank 7 on the side of the front arc surface 8a. A flared opening 10 located on the cylindrical shell 6b is close to the control head 8, and... The slider 4 in the sliding hole 3 on the bottom of the water tank 7, when it rotates clockwise toward the rear arc surface 8b of the control head 8, extends its outer end into the water tank 7, driving the wastewater in the water tank 7 on the side of the rear arc surface 8b, and discharges it through the drain 8e from the horn mouth 10. During the process of passing through the rear arc surface 8b, its extended end gradually retracts into the sliding hole 3. When it passes through the vertex 8c, its outer end is completely retracted into the sliding hole 3. Then, during the process of passing through the front arc surface 8a, its outer end gradually extends into the water tank 7 again. When its outer end passes through the water inlet 8d, the high-pressure water in the water tank 7 on the side of the front arc surface 8a flows through the water inlet pipe 9 and the water inlet 8d, generating tangential pressure on its outer end. During the process of this pressure doing work on it, the pressure energy of the high-pressure water is converted into the mechanical energy of itself and the rotating column 2.
[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 or Figure 3 As shown, the projections of the two control heads 8 of any pair of water tanks 7 extending into the n / 2 pairs of water tanks 7 onto the plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating column 2 are centrally symmetrical; in two adjacent pairs of water tanks 7, the line connecting the projections of the two control heads 8 in the previous pair of water tanks 7 onto the plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating column 2 is a, and the line connecting the projections of the two control heads 8 in the next pair of water tanks 7 onto the same plane is b. a rotates 720° / n clockwise along the plane and coincides with b; when any slider 4 on the rotating column 2 passes through the inlet 8d on the control head 8 in the corresponding water tank 7, high-pressure water flows into the water tank 7 from the inlet 8d, which provides a clockwise boosting effect on the slider 4.
[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 or Figure 3 As shown, the following methods can be used to increase the output power of the tangential thrust turbine: increase the outer diameter of the bottom of the water tank 7, increase the axial width of the water tank 7, increase the radial dimension of the water tank 7, increase the value of n, and increase the pressure of the high-pressure water flowing into the water tank 7.
[0049] like Figure 2 or Figure 3 As shown, the smaller the distance between the inlet 8d and the outlet 8e on the control head 8, the higher the efficiency of the tangential thrust turbine.
[0050] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Such changes, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A tangential thrust turbine, characterized in that: The tangential thrust turbine includes a shaft (1), a rotating column (2), a telescopic device, a housing (6), and a control head (8); The rotating shaft (1) is cylindrical and its axis is vertical; The rotating column (2) is cylindrical, with an outer diameter greater than that of the rotating shaft (1) and an axial length less than that of the rotating shaft (1). It is coaxially fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (1). The two ends of the rotating shaft (1) extend outward from the two ends of the rotating column (2). The rotating column (2) has n annular water grooves (7) on its circumferential surface, and its axis coincides with the axis of these n annular water grooves (7), where n is an even number equal to or greater than 2. The n water tanks (7) are evenly distributed along the axial direction on the circumferential surface of the rotating column (2). The n water tanks (7) are named from top to bottom as follows: first water tank (7), second water tank (7), third water tank (7), fourth water tank (7), fifth water tank (7), and so on, up to the nth water tank (7). The first water tank (7) and the second water tank (7) are the first pair of water tanks (7), the third water tank (7) and the fourth water tank (7) are the second pair of water tanks (7), and so on. There are a total of n / 2 pairs of water tanks (7) on the rotating column (2). A radial sliding hole (3) is opened on the bottom surface of any one of the n water tanks (7). There are a total of n sliding holes (3) on the rotating column (2). The sliding hole (3) on the bottom surface of any water tank (7) is a cuboid cavity. Its outer end is connected to the water tank (7), and its inner end is close to the rotating shaft (1). Its axial width is equal to the axial width of the water tank (7). The n sliding holes (3) on the rotating column (2) are located on the same vertical plane. However, the two sliding holes (3) on the bottom of any pair of water tanks (7) on the rotating column (2) are centrally symmetrical in their projection on the plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating column (2). The outer shell (6) is formed by two upper and lower end shells (6a) and a vertical cylindrical shell (6b) located between these two end shells (6a); The cylindrical shell (6b) is cylindrical, its axis coincides with the axis of the rotating column (2), its axial length is greater than the axial length of the rotating column (2), its inner circumferential surface is in contact with the outward protruding circumferential surface on the rotating column (2), and it movably covers the openings of the n water tanks (7) on the rotating column (2). Both end shells (6a) are annular, and their axes coincide with the axis of the rotating shaft (1); The rotating shaft (1) is equipped with two bearings (11) at its two ends, which are respectively installed in the annular holes (6c) of the two end shells (6a). It cannot move axially relative to the outer shell (6), but can rotate freely around the axis. Its lower end does not extend downward from the lower end shell (6a), but its upper end extends upward from the upper end shell (6a). A telescopic device is installed in the sliding hole (3) on the bottom of any water tank (7) on the rotating column (2). The telescopic device includes a slider (4) and a spring (5). The slider (4) is inserted into the outer end of the sliding hole (3). It is cuboid in shape, with an axial width equal to the axial width of the water tank (7) and a radial length less than the radial depth of the sliding hole (3). Its four outer surfaces, excluding its two end faces, are in movable contact with the four corresponding hole walls of the sliding hole (3). 3) It can slide freely in the radial direction; the spring (5) is inserted into the inner end of the sliding hole (3) and is always in a compressed state. Its outer end is in contact with the inner end of the slider (4) and its inner end is in contact with the bottom of the sliding hole (3). When the outer end of the slider (4) is not obstructed, its elastic force on the slider (4) causes the outer end of the slider (4) to extend into the water tank (7) and the outer end of the slider (4) is in active contact with the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical shell (6b) at the corresponding position; On the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical shell (6b), n control heads (8) are fixedly installed, and these n control heads (8) extend radially into the n water tanks (7) on the rotating column (2); The control head (8) extends into any of the water tanks (7). It is an arc-shaped protrusion, formed by a front arc surface (8a), a rear arc surface (8b), and the corresponding cylindrical shell (6b). The smooth junction of the front arc surface (8a) and the rear arc surface (8b) is the apex (8c) of the control head (8). The apex (8c) is in contact with the bottom of the corresponding water tank (7). A water inlet (8d) is opened on the front arc surface (8a), and the water inlet (8d) faces the side of the front arc surface (8a). The water tank (7); a drain outlet (8e) is opened on the rear arc surface (8b), the drain outlet (8e) facing the water tank (7) on the side of the rear arc surface (8b); the water inlet pipe (9) installed on the cylindrical shell (6b) is close to the control head (8) and communicates with the water inlet (8d), the water in the water supply pipe flows through the water inlet pipe (9) from the water inlet (8d) into the water tank (7) on the side of the front arc surface (8a); the flared mouth (10) located on the cylindrical shell (6b) is close to The control head (8) is connected to the drain outlet (8e); the slider (4) in the sliding hole (3) on the bottom of the water tank (7), when it rotates clockwise toward the rear arc surface (8b) of the control head (8), extends out of the water tank (7) and drives the wastewater in the water tank (7) on the side of the rear arc surface (8b) to be discharged from the horn mouth (10) through the drain outlet (8e). During its passage through the rear arc surface (8b), its extended end gradually retracts into the sliding hole (3), and its passage... When it passes the vertex (8c), its outer end retracts completely into the sliding hole (3). Then, as it passes through the front arc surface (8a), its outer end gradually extends into the water tank (7). When its outer end passes through the water inlet (8d), the high-pressure water flows into the water tank (7) on the side of the front arc surface (8a) through the water inlet pipe (9) and the water inlet (8d), generating tangential pressure on its outer end. During the work done on it, the pressure energy of the high-pressure water is converted into the mechanical energy of the column (2) and the column. The projections of the two control heads (8) of any pair of water tanks (7) extending into these n / 2 pairs of water tanks (7) on the plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating column (2) are centrally symmetrical; in two adjacent pairs of water tanks (7), the line connecting the projections of the two control heads (8) in the upper pair of water tanks (7) on the plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating column (2) is a, and the line connecting the projections of the two control heads (8) in the lower pair of water tanks (7) on the plane is b. a rotates 720° / n clockwise along the plane and coincides with b; when any slider (4) on the rotating column (2) passes through the water inlet (8d) on the control head (8) in the corresponding water tank (7), high-pressure water flows into the water tank (7) from the water inlet (8d), which provides a clockwise boosting effect on the slider (4).
2. The tangential thrust turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following methods can be used to increase the output power of the tangential thrust turbine: increase the outer diameter of the bottom of the water tank (7), increase the axial width of the water tank (7), increase the radial dimension of the water tank (7), increase the value of n, and increase the pressure of the high-pressure water flowing into the water tank (7).
3. The tangential thrust turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smaller the distance between the inlet (8d) and outlet (8e) on the control head (8), the higher the efficiency of the tangential thrust turbine.