An adjustable gain antenna and communication device

Abstract

The application provides a tunable gain antenna and communication equipment, which comprises a dielectric plate, a metal plate, a first ring, a second ring, a third ring, a first insert ring, a second insert ring, a third insert ring, an antenna ground and a dielectric resonator, the metal plate is attached to a first surface of the dielectric plate, the first ring, the second ring, the third ring and the antenna ground are all attached to a second surface of the dielectric plate, the antenna ground, the third ring, the second ring and the first ring are nested step by step, the antenna ground is arranged at a center position of the dielectric plate, a feeding probe is arranged on the antenna ground, the dielectric resonator is installed on the antenna ground and connected with the feeding probe, ring gaps are arranged between the first ring and the second ring, between the second ring and the third ring and between the third ring and the antenna ground, and a plurality of first connecting pieces are arranged on the first insert ring, so that the multi-stage gain of the antenna structure can be adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and more particularly to an adjustable gain antenna and communication device. Background Technology

[0002] For 5G millimeter-wave modules, the industry has chosen to combine the RF chip with the substrate antenna in an AIP (Antenna-in-Package) configuration to reduce RF system losses. This approach also offers higher integration and superior performance. However, millimeter-wave RF chips require the integration of phase shifters, low-noise amplifiers, power amplifiers, switches, filters, and other components, and this high integration means increased costs. On the other hand, considering the specific size requirements for chips in applications such as mobile phones and base stations, the chip design needs to be more compact and complex. Therefore, in millimeter-wave module design, it is more cost-effective to reduce chip costs by removing some components.

[0003] A 5G millimeter-wave module consists of an RF chip and a base station antenna. The main function of the RF chip is to provide a phase-controllable power signal, ultimately enabling beam control at the antenna end. If gain adjustment is achieved from the antenna end, the requirements for the power amplifier (PA) in the RF chip can be reduced or even eliminated. Therefore, how to implement a gain-adjustable antenna is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide an adjustable gain antenna and communication device that solves the aforementioned technical problems.

[0005] The present invention provides an adjustable gain antenna in a first aspect, comprising a dielectric substrate, a metal plate, a first ring, a second ring, a third ring, a first insert ring, a second insert ring, a third insert ring, an antenna ground, and a dielectric resonator. The metal plate is attached to a first surface of the dielectric substrate, and the first ring, the second ring, the third ring, and the antenna ground are all attached to a second surface of the dielectric substrate. The antenna ground, the third ring, the second ring, and the first ring are nested sequentially. The antenna ground is located at the center of the dielectric substrate, and a feed probe is provided on the antenna ground. The dielectric resonator is mounted on the antenna ground and connected to the feed probe. The first ring and the second ring, and the second ring and the third ring are connected in a specific manner. Ring gaps are provided between the rings and between the third ring and the antenna ground. The first insertion ring is provided with multiple first connectors. The first insertion ring is installed on the inner contour edge of the first ring and is connected to the first ring, the dielectric substrate, and the metal plate respectively through the multiple first connectors. The second insertion ring is provided with multiple second connectors. The second insertion ring is installed on the inner contour edge of the second ring and is connected to the second ring, the dielectric substrate, and the metal plate respectively through the multiple second connectors. The third insertion ring is provided with multiple third connectors. The third insertion ring is installed on the inner contour edge of the third ring and is connected to the third ring, the dielectric substrate, and the metal plate respectively through the multiple third connectors.

[0006] Preferably, both the dielectric plate and the metal plate are disc-shaped, and the diameter of both the dielectric plate and the metal plate is the same as the outer contour diameter of the first ring.

[0007] Preferably, the first ring, the second ring, and the third ring are all EBG.

[0008] Preferably, the first connector, the second connector, and the third connector are all metal pillars.

[0009] Preferably, the first ring, the second ring, and the third ring are provided with multiple through holes corresponding to the multiple metal pillars, and the dielectric plate and the metal plate are provided with multiple positioning holes corresponding to the multiple through holes.

[0010] Preferably, the antenna ground is disk-shaped.

[0011] Preferably, the dielectric resonator is cylindrical, and the bottom area of ​​the dielectric resonator is the same as the area of ​​the antenna ground disk.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a communication device comprising an adjustable-gain antenna as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: It provides an adjustable gain antenna and communication device. The adjustable gain antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a metal plate, a first ring, a second ring, a third ring, a first insert ring, a second insert ring, a third insert ring, an antenna ground, and a dielectric resonator. The metal plate is attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate, and the first ring, the second ring, the third ring, and the antenna ground are all attached to the second surface of the dielectric substrate. The antenna ground, the third ring, the second ring, and the first ring are nested sequentially. The antenna ground is located at the center of the dielectric substrate. A feed probe is provided on the antenna ground. The dielectric resonator is mounted on the antenna ground and connected to the feed probe. The first ring and the second ring, and the second ring and the third ring are connected in a series of steps. There are ring gaps between the first ring and between the third ring and the antenna ground. The first ring has multiple first connectors. The first ring is installed on the inner contour edge of the first ring and is connected to the first ring, the dielectric substrate and the metal plate respectively through the multiple first connectors. The second ring has multiple second connectors. The second ring is installed on the inner contour edge of the second ring and is connected to the second ring, the dielectric substrate and the metal plate respectively through the multiple second connectors. The third ring has multiple third connectors. The third ring is installed on the inner contour edge of the third ring and is connected to the third ring, the dielectric substrate and the metal plate respectively through the multiple third connectors. The antenna structure achieves multi-level adjustable gain. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2This is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the gain curve changes when the third, second, and first insert rings are inserted sequentially in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Table of labels in the diagram:

[0018]

[0019] Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0022] The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in this patent application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. The terms "comprising" or "including," and similar words, mean that the element or object preceding "comprising" or "including" encompasses the element or object listed following "comprising" or "including," and does not exclude other elements or objects. The terms "connected" or "linked," and similar words, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Above," "below," "left," "right," etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] See appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3The present invention provides an adjustable gain antenna in its first aspect, comprising a dielectric substrate 100, a metal plate 200, a first ring 300, a second ring 400, a third ring 500, a first insertion ring 301, a second insertion ring 401, a third insertion ring 501, an antenna ground 600, and a dielectric resonator 700. The metal plate 200 is attached to a first surface of the dielectric substrate 100. The first ring 300, the second ring 400, the third ring 500, and the antenna ground 600 are all attached to a second surface of the dielectric substrate 100. The antenna ground 600, the third ring 500, the second ring 400, and the first ring 300 are nested sequentially. The antenna ground 600 is located at the center of the dielectric substrate 100. A feed probe 601 is provided on the antenna ground 600. The dielectric resonator 700 is mounted on the antenna ground 600 and connected to the feed probe 601. The first ring 300 and the second ring 400 are connected to each other. A ring gap 800 is provided between the third ring 500 and the antenna ground 600. The first insertion ring 301 is provided with a plurality of first connectors 3011. The first insertion ring 301 is installed on the inner contour edge of the first ring 300 and is connected to the first ring 300, the dielectric substrate 100 and the metal plate 200 respectively through the plurality of first connectors 3011. The second insertion ring 401 is provided with a plurality of second connectors 4011. The second insertion ring 401 is installed on the inner contour edge of the second ring 400 and is connected to the second ring 400, the dielectric substrate 100 and the metal plate 200 respectively through the plurality of second connectors 4011. The third insertion ring 501 is provided with a plurality of third connectors 5011. The third insertion ring 501 is installed on the inner contour edge of the third ring 500 and is connected to the third ring 500, the dielectric substrate 100 and the metal plate 200 respectively through the plurality of third connectors 5011.

[0025] Specifically, the dimensions of the first ring 300, the second ring 400, and the third ring 500 are different and decrease in size sequentially. The first ring 300 is the outermost ring structure, the third ring 500 is the innermost ring structure, and the second ring 400 is the ring structure enclosed by the first ring 300 and the third ring 500. The antenna ground 600 is placed inside the inner ring of the third ring 500. There are three ring gaps 800, which are respectively set between the first ring 300 and the second ring 400, between the second ring 400 and the third ring 500, and between the third ring 500 and the antenna ground 600. The three ring gaps 800 have the same width but different diameters. The first ring 300, the second ring 400, and the third ring 500 are all EBG, where EBG stands for Electromagnetic Band Gap, which is a phenomenon in which a material or structure can suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves within a specific frequency range. An electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) refers to the property of a material or structure to highly reflect or absorb electromagnetic waves of a specific frequency band, preventing these waves from passing through. In conventional antenna gain methods, the dielectric resonator is directly placed on the EBG. While this achieves a gain effect, the effect is generally limited. Therefore, this embodiment uses a three-ring EBG with corresponding insertion rings to achieve gain, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 3 As can be seen, compared to the antenna structure without inserting the first loop 301, the second loop 401, and the third loop 501, the antenna structure with all three loops inserted has a better gain effect. The performance of this adjustable gain antenna is better. Therefore, users can insert the corresponding first loop 301, second loop 401, and / or third loop 501 according to actual needs to adjust the antenna gain, which is more flexible.

[0026] Furthermore, both the dielectric substrate 100 and the metal plate 200 are disk-shaped, and the diameter of both the dielectric substrate 100 and the metal plate 200 is the same as the outer contour diameter of the first ring 300. The first connector 3011, the second connector 4011, and the third connector 5011 are all metal pillars. The first ring 300, the second ring 400, and the third ring 500 are respectively provided with multiple through holes 900 corresponding to multiple metal pillars. The dielectric substrate 100 and the metal plate 200 are respectively provided with multiple positioning holes 120 corresponding to multiple through holes 900. The antenna ground 600 is disk-shaped, and the dielectric resonator 700 is cylindrical. The area of ​​the circular bottom of the dielectric resonator 700 is the same as the area of ​​the disk of the antenna ground 600.

[0027] Specifically, multiple first connectors 3011 are evenly arranged on the side of the first ring 300 near the medium plate 100. The first ring 300 is provided with multiple through holes 900 corresponding to the positions of the multiple first connectors 3011. The medium plate 100 and the metal plate 200 are respectively provided with multiple positioning holes 120. It should be noted that the through holes 900 and positioning holes 120 are set according to the number and position of the multiple first connectors 3011, multiple second connectors 4011 and multiple third connectors 5011, so that when the first connectors 3011, second connectors 4011 and third connectors 5011 are installed on the corresponding ring, they can pass through the through holes 900 and positioning holes 120 in sequence to establish a connection between the ring and the metal plate 200. The above-mentioned rings refer to the first ring 300, the second ring 400 and the third ring 500 collectively. The above use is only for the convenience of concise language.

[0028] The second aspect of the present invention provides a communication device comprising an adjustable gain antenna according to any of the above-described embodiments.

[0029] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make improvements without departing from the inventive concept, but these improvements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable gain antenna, characterized in that, The antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a metal plate, a first ring, a second ring, a third ring, an antenna ground, and a dielectric resonator. The antenna further includes one or more of the first, second, and third insert rings. The metal plate is attached to a first surface of the dielectric substrate. The first, second, and third rings, as well as the antenna ground, are all attached to a second surface of the dielectric substrate. The antenna ground, third ring, second ring, and first ring are nested sequentially, with the antenna ground located in the innermost ring and positioned at the center of the dielectric substrate. A feed probe is provided on the antenna ground. The dielectric resonator is mounted on the antenna ground and connected to the feed probe. Ring gaps are provided between the first and second rings, between the second and third rings, and between the third ring and the antenna ground. Multiple first connectors are provided on the first insert ring. The first insertion ring is mounted on the inner contour edge of the first ring and connected to the first ring, the dielectric substrate, and the metal plate respectively through multiple first connectors. The second insertion ring is provided with multiple second connectors and is mounted on the inner contour edge of the second ring and connected to the second ring, the dielectric substrate, and the metal plate respectively through multiple second connectors. The third insertion ring is provided with multiple third connectors and is mounted on the inner contour edge of the third ring and connected to the third ring, the dielectric substrate, and the metal plate respectively through multiple third connectors. The first ring, the second ring, and the third ring are all EBG (Electronic Embedded Frames). The first connector, the second connector, and the third connector are all metal posts. Selectively inserting the corresponding first insertion ring, second insertion ring, and / or third insertion ring makes the antenna gain adjustable.

2. The adjustable gain antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the dielectric plate and the metal plate are disc-shaped, and the diameter of both the dielectric plate and the metal plate is the same as the outer contour diameter of the first ring.

3. The adjustable gain antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first ring, the second ring, and the third ring are provided with multiple through holes corresponding to the multiple metal pillars, and the dielectric plate and the metal plate are provided with multiple positioning holes corresponding to the multiple through holes.

4. The adjustable gain antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna ground is disk-shaped.

5. The adjustable gain antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dielectric resonator is cylindrical, and the bottom area of ​​the dielectric resonator is the same as the area of ​​the antenna ground disk.

6. A communication device, characterized in that, Including the adjustable gain antenna as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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