Touch substrate, display device and display system

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a touch substrate, a display device and a display system. By rearranging the layout of each transistor in the shift register, the number of transistors in the horizontal direction of the shift register is less than the number of transistors in the vertical direction, that is, the circuit of the shift register is designed in the vertical direction, which can reduce the size of the shift register in the horizontal direction, realize narrow frame design, and facilitate seamless splicing when applied to large-size panels.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of display, and in particular, to a touch substrate, a display device and a display system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of communication technology, computer technology and electronic technology, mobile communication is developing from Human to Human (H2H) to Human to Machine (H2M) and Machine to Machine (M2M) communication, and Internet of Things (IoT) has become an inevitable trend of mobile communication development.

[0003] Internet of Things (IoT) is born in this background, which is considered as the third wave of world information industry after computer and Internet. Internet of Things uses information technology to promote the overall upgrade of human life and production services, and has broad application development prospects and strong industry driving capacity. European and American countries have included the development of Internet of Things in the overall information strategy, and China has also included Internet of Things in the national medium and long-term scientific and technological development plan (2006-2020) and the 2050 national industrial roadmap.

[0004] Under the background of Internet of Things, human-computer interaction is particularly important, not only as the foundation of the architecture of Internet of Things, but also as the ultimate goal of Internet of Things, to realize the interconnection of all things serving human beings. The so-called human-computer interaction refers to that the user communicates with the system through the human-computer interaction interface and performs operation. Small as the play button of a radio, large as the instrument panel on an airplane or the control room of a power plant are used all the time, and there are many ways to realize human-computer interaction, such as touch control based on pressure, resistance and capacitance, face recognition based on light, ultrasonic based on sound, and tactile feedback based on electrostatic feedback. At present, the touch control interaction of mobile phones, televisions and other consumer goods is more common, but the technology has certain limitations, that is, the touch control must be contacted to realize the purpose of interaction, which not only limits the application range, but also cannot realize long-distance touch control interaction. Under this background, optical touch control emerges as the times require. SUMMARY

[0005] The present disclosure provides a touch substrate, comprising:

[0006] a substrate, comprising a photosensitive area and a frame area surrounding the photosensitive area;

[0007] a plurality of photosensitive pixels arranged in an array in the photosensitive area, the photosensitive pixels comprising a non-visible light sensor and a driving transistor;

[0008] A gate driving circuit is arranged in the frame area, the gate driving circuit comprises a plurality of cascaded shift registers, an output terminal of one of the shift registers is electrically connected to the gate of the driving transistor in at least one row of the photosensitive pixels through a gate line, and the gate line extends along a first direction.

[0009] The shift register comprises a plurality of transistors, and in one of the shift registers, the number of transistors arranged along a second direction is greater than the number of transistors arranged along the first direction, and the second direction is substantially perpendicular to the first direction.

[0010] In a possible implementation, in the touch substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the shift register has a first length in the first direction, and the shift register has a second length in the second direction, and the first length is less than the second length.

[0011] In a possible implementation, in the touch substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second length is substantially equal to the center-to-center spacing between two adjacent photosensitive pixels in the second direction.

[0012] In a possible implementation, in the touch substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the gate driving circuit is two and is arranged in the frame area on both sides of the extension direction of the gate line; and the first length is less than half of the center-to-center spacing between two adjacent photosensitive pixels in the first direction.

[0013] In a possible implementation, in the touch substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the center-to-center spacing between two adjacent photosensitive pixels in the first direction and in the second direction is 3-5 mm.

[0014] In a possible implementation, in the touch substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the width direction of the channel region of each transistor in one of the shift registers extends along the first direction, and the length direction of the channel region extends along the second direction.

[0015] In a possible implementation, in the touch substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the shift register comprises: a first output transistor, the first output transistor comprises at least two sub-transistors arranged in parallel along the second direction;

[0016] The gate of each of the sub-transistors is electrically connected to a first node, the first pole of each of the sub-transistors is electrically connected to a clock signal terminal, the second pole of each of the sub-transistors is electrically connected to a first output signal terminal, and the first output signal terminal is electrically connected to the gate line.

[0017] In a possible implementation, in the touch substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, a channel width of each of the sub-transistors in the first direction is not greater than 1000 um.

[0018] In a possible implementation, in the touch substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, a maximum amplitude of the clock signal provided by the clock signal terminal is between 15V and 25V.

[0019] In a possible implementation, in the touch substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the shift register further includes an input transistor, a reset transistor and a control circuit arranged along the second direction.

[0020] The gate and the first electrode of the input transistor are electrically connected with the input signal terminal, and the second electrode of the input transistor is electrically connected with the first node.

[0021] The gate of the reset transistor is electrically connected with the reset signal terminal, the first electrode of the reset transistor is electrically connected with the first power signal terminal, and the second electrode of the reset transistor is electrically connected with the first node.

[0022] The control circuit is electrically connected with the first node, the first output signal terminal and the control signal terminal respectively, and is configured to control the potentials of the first node and the first output signal terminal in response to the signal of the control signal terminal.

[0023] In a possible implementation, in the touch substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the control circuit includes two sub-control circuits, the two sub-control circuits are electrically connected with different control signal terminals respectively, transistors with the same function in the two sub-control circuits are arranged side by side in the first direction, and transistors with different functions are arranged along the second direction.

[0024] In a possible implementation, in the touch substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the shift register further includes a second output transistor.

[0025] The gate of the second output transistor is electrically connected with the first node, the first electrode of the second output transistor is electrically connected with the clock signal terminal, and the second electrode of the second output transistor is electrically connected with a second output signal terminal, which is configured to be electrically connected with the input signal terminal in a next stage shift register and the reset signal terminal in a previous stage shift register respectively.

[0026] In a possible implementation, in the touch substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second output transistor and the first output transistor are arranged along the second direction, and a channel width of the second output transistor in the first direction is smaller than a channel width of the sub-transistor in the first direction.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the touch substrate provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure further includes:

[0028] The read circuit is arranged at the frame area and is located at a different frame from the gate drive circuit, and the read circuit is electrically connected to the first electrode of the driving transistor in at least one column of the photosensitive pixels through a data line extending along the second direction.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the touch substrate provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure further includes a non-visible light anti-reflection film located on a side of the non-visible light sensor away from the substrate, and the non-visible light anti-reflection film completely covers the photosensitive area.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the touch substrate provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, the material of the non-visible light anti-reflection film is black matrix material, and the black matrix material selectively transmits non-visible light.

[0031] In another aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display device, comprising:

[0032] A display module;

[0033] At least one touch substrate provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is located on a side of the display module away from a display surface.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the display device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure includes a plurality of touch substrates arranged closely, and the sum of the widths of the frame areas of two adjacent touch substrates in the first direction is less than the center distance between two adjacent photosensitive pixels in the first direction.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the display device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure further includes a backlight module;

[0036] The display module is a liquid crystal display module, the display module is located on the light emitting side of the backlight module, and the touch substrate is located in the backlight module.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the display device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure includes a backlight module, and the backlight module includes a backlight source, a reflector, a light guide plate and a diffusion plate arranged in a stack; the backlight source is located on at least one side of the light guide plate, and the touch substrate is located between the light guide plate and the diffusion plate.

[0038] In another aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display system, comprising a display device and a non-visible light emitter, wherein the display device is the display device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of a touch substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] Figure 2 A partial structure schematic diagram of a touch substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 3a Another partial structure schematic diagram of a touch substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] Figure 3b A cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a photosensitive pixel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 4 A circuit structure schematic diagram of a shift register in a touch substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 5 A signal timing diagram corresponding to a shift register in a touch substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 6 A structure schematic diagram of a first output transistor in a touch substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] Figure 7 A circuit layout corresponding to a shift register in a touch substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0047] Figure 8a A diagram showing the change of a first node potential of a shift register with working temperature;

[0048] Figure 8b A diagram showing the change of an output potential of a shift register with working temperature;

[0049] Figure 9 A structure schematic diagram of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0050] Figure 10 A structure schematic diagram of touch substrate splicing in a display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0051] Figure 11 A structure schematic diagram of a display system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the sizes and shapes of the figures in the drawings do not reflect the true proportions, but only aim to illustrate the present disclosure. And the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0053] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be understood as having the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terms "first", "second", and similar terms used in the specification and claims of the present disclosure do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are used to distinguish different components. The terms "include" or "contain" and similar terms mean that the elements or objects before the term encompass the elements or objects listed after the term and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "In", "out", "up", "down", and the like are used only to represent relative positional relationships, which may change accordingly when the absolute positions of the described objects change.

[0054] The near-infrared light sensor can realize long-distance interaction, has great application prospects in intelligent large screens (such as TV & electronic whiteboard), Gaming MNT and other fields, has millimeter-level accurate positioning, millisecond-level response speed, can display flexibility and other technical characteristics, and realizes the effects of accurate non-delay positioning operation in the air and non-contact handwriting.

[0055] The active layer of a thin film transistor (TFT) device in an optical touch panel is generally a-Si material. In order to obtain sufficient driving force, the size of the TFT in the gate driving circuit needs to be designed to be larger. Moreover, for a large-size panel, the gate driving circuit generally adopts a 21T1C architecture scheme, and the channel width of the TFT responsible for controlling the output signal end needs to reach the level of several thousand or even tens of thousands of um. If the structure of the existing gate driving circuit in which the TFTs are arranged horizontally (i.e., horizontally) is adopted, the frame of the panel will reach 4-5 mm, which cannot realize narrow-frame design. With the continuous expansion of product applications, when the optical touch panel is applied to larger-size products, the excessively wide frame will affect the user experience when the optical touch panel needs to be spliced.

[0056] To at least solve the above technical problems existing in the related art, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a touch substrate, especially suitable for the technical field of remote large-size non-visible light (for example, near-infrared light) interaction, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3a and Figure 7 , the touch substrate can include:

[0057] a substrate 100 including a photosensitive area AA and a frame area BB surrounding the photosensitive area AA;

[0058] a plurality of photosensitive pixels 200 arranged in an array in the photosensitive area AA, the photosensitive pixel 200 can include a non-visible light sensor 210 and a drive transistor 220;

[0059] a gate drive circuit 300 arranged in the frame area BB, the gate drive circuit 300 includes a plurality of cascaded shift registers GOA, the output terminal of a shift register GOA is electrically connected to the gate of the drive transistor 220 in at least one row of photosensitive pixels 200 through a gate line 230, and the gate line 230 extends along a first direction x;

[0060] wherein the shift register GOA includes a plurality of transistors T, in one shift register GOA, the number of transistors T arranged along a second direction y is greater than the number of transistors T arranged along the first direction x, and the second direction y is substantially perpendicular to the first direction x. Generally, the first direction x is the horizontal direction (lateral direction), and the second direction y is the vertical direction (longitudinal direction), or vice versa. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first direction x is taken as the horizontal direction, and the second direction y is taken as the vertical direction as an example for description.

[0061] In the touch substrate provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the gate drive circuit 300 is generally arranged in the frame area BB on at least one side of the photosensitive area AA, and is arranged as single-side drive on one side and double-side drive on two sides. By rearranging the layout of each transistor T in the shift register GOA, the number of transistors in the shift register GOA in the second direction y (lateral direction) is less than the number of transistors in the first direction x (longitudinal direction), that is, the circuit of the shift register GOA is designed in the longitudinal direction, which can reduce the size of the shift register in the first direction x, realize narrow frame design, and be conducive to seamless splicing when applied to large-size panels.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in Figure 2As shown, the shift register GOA has a first length h1 in the first direction x and a second length h2 in the second direction y, and the first length h1 is less than the second length h2. By designing the circuit of the shift register GOA longitudinally, reducing the number of transistors of the shift register GOA arranged in the lateral direction and increasing the number of transistors of the shift register GOA arranged in the longitudinal direction, the size h1 of the shift register in the first direction x can be reduced to be less than h2, so as to reduce the bezel occupied by the shift register GOA.

[0063] It is worth noting that, in addition to the transistors, the shift register GOA also includes a plurality of signal lines extending in the second direction y and arranged in the first direction x, which are used to provide the shift register GOA with required signals such as a frame start signal, a clock signal, a low potential signal, a control signal and the like. These signal lines also occupy the bezel, and at this time h1 can be understood as the length occupied by the transistors and the signal lines together.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, by designing the arrangement of the transistors in the shift register GOA, the longitudinal space can be utilized to the maximum, so that the second length h2 of the shift register GOA is substantially equal to the center distance d2 between two adjacent photosensitive pixels 200 in the second direction y, so as to reduce the size of the shift register GOA in the first direction, i.e., the first length h1.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in Figure 1 As shown, the gate driving circuit 300 is arranged in the bezel area BB on both sides of the extension direction of the gate line 230, and in order to realize seamless splicing when applied to a large-size panel, the first length h1 can be less than half of the center distance d1 between two adjacent photosensitive pixels 200 in the first direction x. In this way, the sum of the bezel widths between two adjacent touch substrates in the first direction x is less than the center distance d1 between two adjacent photosensitive pixels 200 in the first direction x, which is equivalent to seamless splicing.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in Figure 1 As shown, the area occupied by one photosensitive pixel 200 can be approximately square, i.e., the center distance d1 between two adjacent photosensitive pixels 200 in the first direction x is substantially equal to the center distance d2 between two adjacent photosensitive pixels 200 in the second direction y. Specifically, the center distance between two adjacent photosensitive pixels 200 can be referred to as the side length d of the photosensitive pixel 200, or the pixel period or pixel size.

[0067] Specifically, in the touch substrate provided in this embodiment, the near-infrared light emitter emits near-infrared light with a wavelength of 800nm-900nm, the spot size is controlled within 5mm, and the divergence at a distance of 5m does not exceed 5%. The emission and reception distances are controlled within the range of 0m to 10m from the screen; distances beyond this range are not significant depending on the usage scenario. The emission power of the near-infrared light emitter is controlled within 1mW, thus meeting the safety requirements for home use (there are reports that high-intensity near-infrared light can damage the iris of the human eye) while also meeting the signal strength requirements of the receiving end. The invisible near-infrared light emitted in this way is projected onto the touch substrate, and the larger spot size will cover the non-visible light sensor 210, thereby enabling the conversion from optical signal to electrical signal based on the non-visible light sensor 210.

[0068] Based on this, in the touch substrate provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 1 As shown, the side length d of the photosensitive pixel 200 can be 3mm-5mm, meaning the center-to-center distance d1 and d2 between two adjacent photosensitive pixels 200 in the first direction x and the second direction y is 3mm-5mm, to match the spot size of a non-visible light emitter (e.g., a near-infrared light emitter). In this case, the width of the bezels on both sides of the photosensitive area AA can be controlled to be less than 1.5mm, ensuring that the sum of the bezel widths between two adjacent touch substrates in the first direction x is less than the center-to-center distance d1 between two adjacent photosensitive pixels 200 in the first direction x, thus achieving seamless splicing.

[0069] In some embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 1 As shown, the bisector of the center-to-center distance between two adjacent photosensitive pixels 200 is the boundary of the photosensitive pixel 200 (i.e., the side length of the photosensitive pixel 200 is equal to the center-to-center distance between two adjacent photosensitive pixels 200). Therefore, the area of ​​a photosensitive pixel 200 can be equal to the square of the center-to-center distance between two adjacent photosensitive pixels 200. For example, if the center-to-center distance between two adjacent photosensitive pixels 200 is equal to the side length d of the photosensitive pixel 200, which ranges from 3mm to 5mm, then the area of ​​the photosensitive pixel 200 can be 3mm*3mm - 5mm*5mm, or 9mm². 2 -25mm 2 .

[0070] In some embodiments of this disclosure, in the touch substrate provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 1 As shown, it may also include a readout circuit ROIC, arranged in the bezel area BB and located at a different bezel BB from the gate drive circuit 300. The readout circuit ROIC is electrically connected to the first electrode of the drive transistor 220 in at least one column of photosensitive pixels 200 via a data line 240 extending along the second direction y. The number of readout circuits ROIC generally increases with the increase of product size.

[0071] In some embodiments of this disclosure, in the touch substrate provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 3b As shown, the non-visible light sensor 210 may include a first electrode 2101, a photosensitive layer 2102, and a second electrode 2103 stacked together. The first electrode 2101 is located between the substrate 100 and the photosensitive layer 2102, and the first electrode 2101 is in direct contact with the photosensitive layer 2102. The second electrode 2103 is also in direct contact with the photosensitive layer 2102. The photosensitive layer 1022 may include a P-type amorphous silicon semiconductor layer, an intrinsic amorphous silicon semiconductor layer, and an N-type amorphous silicon semiconductor layer stacked together. The P-type amorphous silicon semiconductor layer is in direct contact with the second electrode 2103, and the N-type amorphous silicon semiconductor layer is in direct contact with the first electrode 2101.

[0072] In some embodiments of this disclosure, in the touch substrate provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 3a As shown, the gate of the driving transistor 220 is electrically connected to the gate line 230, the first electrode of the driving transistor 220 is electrically connected to the data line 240, and the second electrode of the driving transistor 220 is electrically connected to the first electrode 2101. The gate line 230 controls the conduction and cutoff of the driving transistor 220, and the photocurrent of the non-visible light sensor 210 read by the driving transistor 220 is written into the read circuit ROIC through the data line 240.

[0073] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the non-visible light sensor 210 can be a near-infrared sensor. Near-infrared sensors using amorphous silicon (a-Si) material are sensitive to absorption in both near-infrared and visible light bands, especially with a green light absorption peak of up to 80% in the 550nm band. However, the near-infrared light emitter used in this disclosure emits light in the 800nm-900nm range, thus the visible light band becomes noise. To eliminate the noise effect, i.e., to avoid ambient light interfering with the phototouch effect and to prevent the non-visible light sensor 210 from being overexposed due to receiving ambient light, such as... Figure 3b As shown, the touch substrate provided in this embodiment may further include a non-visible light anti-reflection film 250, located on the side of the non-visible light sensor 210 away from the substrate 100. This non-visible light anti-reflection film 250 can selectively transmit light in the non-visible light (e.g., near-infrared light) band. Furthermore, for ease of fabrication, the non-visible light anti-reflection film 250 can completely cover the photosensitive area AA.

[0074] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the material of the non-visible light antireflection film 250 may be a black matrix (BM) material, which can selectively transmit non-visible light (e.g., near-infrared light) while blocking non-visible and visible light of other bands (e.g., non-near-infrared bands).

[0075] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the width direction of the channel region of each transistor T in a shift register GOA extends along a first direction x, and the length direction of the channel region extends along a second direction y. This does not change the channel direction of each transistor T in the shift register, ensuring consistent device performance. Combined with the vertical circuit design of the shift register GOA, a narrow bezel design can be achieved, which is beneficial for seamless splicing when applied to large-size panels.

[0076] Optionally, in the touch substrate provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 4 As shown, the shift register GOA specifically includes a first output transistor T3, which controls the first output signal terminal O1 connected to the gate line 230. According to TFT test data, in existing panel designs, the first output transistor T3 is a large-size TFT, and the channel width W of a single first output transistor T3 needs to be greater than 1000µm to ensure sufficient driving capability. However, an excessively large channel width will lead to a deterioration in the linearity of Ion and W / L. Furthermore, even if the shift register GOA is designed with all transistors T vertically, i.e., no other transistors are arranged side-by-side with the first output transistor T3 in the first direction x, the channel width of the first output transistor T is greater than 1000µm, making it impossible to further reduce the first length h1 of the shift register GOA.

[0077] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the first output transistor T3 is split into several sub-transistors with small channel widths connected in series to form a vertical structure. This can improve the matching degree between the design and simulation, and is beneficial to reducing the first length h1 of the shift register GOA, thus achieving an extremely narrow bezel design. Specifically, as shown... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first output transistor T3 includes at least two sub-transistors arranged in parallel along the second direction y. Parallel connection means that the first terminals of each sub-transistor are connected to each other, and the second terminals are connected to each other. Figure 6 Taking the configuration of three sub-transistors T3a, T3b, and T3c as an example, Figure 7 Taking the setting of four sub-transistors T3a, T3b, T3c, and T3d as an example, the number of sub-transistors is related to the required driving capability of the first output transistor T3, which will be explained in detail later.

[0078] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the gate of each sub-transistor T3a-T3d is electrically connected to the first node N1, the first terminal of each sub-transistor T3a-T3d is electrically connected to the clock signal terminal CLK, the second terminal of each sub-transistor T3a-T3d is electrically connected to the first output signal terminal O1, and the first output signal terminal O1 is electrically connected to the gate line 230.

[0079] In some embodiments of this invention, the channel width W of each sub-transistor T3a, T3b, and T3c in the first direction x can be designed to be no greater than 1000µm. This can increase the linearity of Ion and W / L to improve the matching degree between design and simulation. On the other hand, it can reduce the first length h1 of the shift register GOA. Combined with the vertical design of each transistor in the shift register, an extremely narrow bezel design can be achieved, reducing the seam width during splicing and improving the user experience.

[0080] The load delay (RC loading) of the photosensitive area AA of the touch substrate provided in this embodiment is relatively smaller than that of the display area of ​​the liquid crystal display (LCD). Therefore, the size of the TFT controlling the output of GOA in the touch substrate, i.e., the size of the first output transistor T3, needs to be redesigned. If the size of the first output transistor T3 is too large, it will result in an excessively large RC of the GOA itself, leading to a significant delay in the cascaded GOAs relative to the clock signal line connected to the clock signal terminal CLK. If the size of the first output transistor T3 is too small, it will result in insufficient driving capability of the GOA. According to simulation results, for the same panel size, the size of the first output transistor T3 of the GOA in the touch substrate is approximately 1 / 3 of the size of the first output transistor T3 of the GOA in the LCD panel. Taking a 55-inch panel as an example, the optimal size of the first output transistor T3 is W / L = 4000 / 4µm. Therefore, if... Figure 7 As shown, the first output transistor T3 can be designed to include four sub-transistors T3a, T3b, T3c, and T3d arranged along the second direction y. The channel width W of each sub-transistor T3a, T3b, T3c, and T3d is 1000um, and the channel length of each sub-transistor T3a, T3b, T3c, and T3d is 4um.

[0081] Simultaneously, the GOA in the touch substrate receives light reflected from the LCD backlight via the liquid crystal display panel, with a backlight intensity reaching 8000-10000 nits. If the GOA is driven by its original high potential, such as 33V, the first node N1 in the GOA will experience significant leakage current due to the excessive source-drain voltage difference of the first output transistor T3. As the operating temperature rises, the output potential of the GOA will decrease. Therefore, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the operating voltage of the GOA can be appropriately reduced; for example, the maximum amplitude of the clock signal provided by the clock signal terminal CLK can be between 15V and 25V. Figure 8a and Figure 8bAs shown, taking the maximum amplitude of the clock signal provided by the clock signal terminal CLK in this disclosure as 18V (without fill) as an example, compared with the existing high potential such as 27V (black fill), it can be seen that in the dark and bright states, the potential of the first node N1 using the 18V of this disclosure decreases more slowly as the operating temperature rises, and the GOA output potential decreases less as the operating temperature rises.

[0082] Optionally, in the touch substrate provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, in order to reduce the signal load of the shift register output to the gate line, such as Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the shift register GOA may further include: a second output transistor T13; the gate of the second output transistor T13 is electrically connected to the first node N1, the first terminal of the second output transistor T13 is electrically connected to the clock signal terminal CK, and the second terminal of the second output transistor T13 is electrically connected to the second output signal terminal O2. The second output signal terminal O2 is configured to be electrically connected to the input signal terminal I in the next-stage shift register GOA and the reset signal terminal R in the previous-stage shift register GOA, respectively. That is, the second output transistor T13 is used to cascade the upper and lower stage shift registers. It should be noted that the cascaded upper and lower stage shift registers can be arranged continuously or intermittently, which is not limited here. Furthermore, each group of cascaded shift registers is alternately connected to the clock signal terminals CK1 and CK2, which provide opposite clock signals.

[0083] Optionally, in the touch substrate provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, the second output transistor T13 and the first output transistor T3 output signals with the same timing and amplitude, but with different loads, and therefore can be set to different sizes. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the second output transistor T13 and the first output transistor T3 are arranged in the second direction y, and the channel width of the second output transistor T13 in the first direction x is smaller than the channel width of each sub-transistor T3a-T3d in the first direction x. That is, the second output transistor T13 does not require a large driving capability.

[0084] Optionally, in the touch substrate provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the shift register GOA may also include: an input transistor T1, a reset transistor T2, and a control circuit arranged along the second direction y;

[0085] The gate and first terminal of the input transistor T1 are both electrically connected to the input signal terminal I, and the second terminal of the input transistor T1 is electrically connected to the first node N1.

[0086] The gate of the reset transistor T2 is electrically connected to the reset signal terminal R, the first terminal of the reset transistor T2 is electrically connected to the first power supply signal terminal VGL1, and the second terminal of the reset transistor T2 is electrically connected to the first node N1.

[0087] The control circuit is electrically connected to the first node N1, the first output signal terminal O1, and the control signal terminal V1 or V2 respectively. The control circuit 310 is configured to control the potential of the first node N1 and the first output signal terminal O1 in response to the signal of the control signal terminal V1 or V2.

[0088] Optionally, in the touch substrate provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 4 As shown, the control circuit may include two sub-control circuits 311 and 312. The two sub-control circuits 311 and 312 are electrically connected to different control signal terminals V1 and V2 respectively. The sub-control circuits 311 and 312 work alternately, controlling the control signal terminals V1 and V2 respectively. The control signal terminals V1 and V2 switch between high and low potentials in about 2s to 3s to prevent the first node N1 from being in a positive bias state for a long time.

[0089] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, transistors with the same function in the two sub-control circuits 311 and 312 can be arranged side by side in the first direction x, and transistors with different functions can be arranged in the second direction y. For example, sub-control circuit 311 may include: a fifth transistor T5, a sixth transistor T6, a seventh transistor T7, an eighth transistor T8, a ninth transistor T9, a tenth transistor T10, an eleventh transistor T11, and a twelfth transistor T12 arranged along the second direction y; sub-control circuit 312 may include: a fifth transistor T5', a sixth transistor T6', a seventh transistor T7', an eighth transistor T8', a ninth transistor T9', a tenth transistor T10', an eleventh transistor T11', and a twelfth transistor T12' arranged along the second direction y; wherein, the fifth transistors T5 and T5' are arranged side by side, the sixth transistors T6 and T6' are arranged side by side, and so on.

[0090] Specifically, taking the sub-control circuit 311 as an example, the transistor connection relationship within it is as follows:

[0091] The gate and first terminal of the eighth transistor T8 are both electrically connected to the control signal terminal V1, and the second terminal of the eighth transistor T8 is electrically connected to the gate of the fifth transistor T5.

[0092] The first terminal of the fifth transistor T5 is electrically connected to the control signal terminal V1, and the second terminal of the fifth transistor T5 is electrically connected to the second node N2.

[0093] The gate of the sixth transistor T6 is electrically connected to the first node N1, the first terminal of the sixth transistor T6 is electrically connected to the first power supply signal terminal VGL1, and the second terminal of the sixth transistor T6 is electrically connected to the second node N2.

[0094] The gate of the seventh transistor T7 is electrically connected to the first node N1, the first terminal of the seventh transistor T7 is electrically connected to the first power supply signal terminal VGL1, and the second terminal of the seventh transistor T7 is electrically connected to the gate of the fifth transistor T5.

[0095] The gate of the ninth transistor T9 is electrically connected to the second node N2, the first terminal of the ninth transistor T9 is electrically connected to the first power supply signal terminal VGL1, and the second terminal of the ninth transistor T9 is electrically connected to the first node N1.

[0096] The gate of the tenth transistor M10 is electrically connected to the second node N2, the first terminal of the tenth transistor M10 is electrically connected to the second voltage signal terminal VGL2, and the second terminal of the tenth transistor M10 is electrically connected to the first output signal terminal O1.

[0097] The gate of the eleventh transistor M11 is electrically connected to the second node N2, the first terminal of the eleventh transistor M11 is electrically connected to the first voltage signal terminal VGL1, and the second terminal of the eleventh transistor M11 is electrically connected to the second output signal terminal O2.

[0098] The gate of the twelfth transistor M12 is electrically connected to the input signal terminal I, the first terminal of the twelfth transistor M12 is electrically connected to the first voltage signal terminal VGL1, and the second terminal of the twelfth transistor M12 is electrically connected to the second node N2.

[0099] The above are merely illustrative examples illustrating the specific structure of the control circuit in the shift register provided in the embodiments of this disclosure. In specific implementations, the specific structure of the control circuit is not limited to the structure provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, but may be other structures known to those skilled in the art, and is not limited here.

[0100] Optionally, in the touch substrate provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the shift register GOA may further include: a fourth transistor T4, the gate of which is electrically connected to the second frame start signal terminal, the first terminal of which is electrically connected to the first power supply signal terminal VGL1, and the second terminal of which is electrically connected to the first node N1. The fourth transistor T4 is used to reset the first node N1 of all shift registers after the gate drive circuit is turned on.

[0101] by Figure 4 Taking the structure of the shift register shown as an example, combined with... Figure 5The signal timing diagram shown briefly illustrates the operation of the shift register. The first frame start signal terminal STV1 is electrically connected to the input signal terminal I of the first-stage shift register. The input signal terminals I of the other shift registers are electrically connected to the second output signal terminal O2 of the previous-stage shift register. After the second frame start signal terminal STV2 resets the first node N1 of all shift registers, the first frame start signal terminal STV1 loads a signal, turning on the first transistor T1, which raises the potential of the first node N1 of the first-stage shift register, turns on the twelfth transistor T12, and lowers the potential of the second node N2. The high-potential first node N1 turns on the first output transistor T3 and the second output transistor T13. When the clock signal loaded at the clock signal terminal CK1 is at a high potential, the first output signal terminal O1 and the second output signal terminal O2 output a high level. The high level of the second output signal terminal O2 is input to the input signal terminal of the next stage shift register. When the second output signal terminal O2 of the next stage shift register outputs a high level signal, the reset transistor T2 of this stage shift register is turned on, pulling down the first node N1. The sixth transistor T6 and the seventh transistor T7 are turned off, the fifth transistor T5 is turned on, pulling up the potential of the second node N2. The tenth transistor T10 and the eleventh transistor T11 are turned on, pulling down the potential of the first output signal terminal O1 and the second output signal terminal O2.

[0102] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a display device, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the display includes a display module 10 and at least one touch substrate 20 provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the touch substrate 20 is located on the side of the display module 10 away from the display surface. Since the principle by which this display device solves the problem is similar to the principle by which the touch substrate solves the problem described above, the implementation of the display device provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure can refer to the implementation of the touch substrate provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure, and repeated details will not be described again.

[0103] In some embodiments of this disclosure, when applied to large-size products, such as Figure 10 As shown, there can be multiple touch substrates 20 arranged closely together. Figure 10 Taking the example of four touch substrates 20 spliced ​​together, since the gate driving circuit 300 in the border area BB is designed vertically, the splicing width between two adjacent touch substrates 20 can be reduced, achieving an effect that is roughly the same as the size of the photosensitive pixel 200. That is, the sum of the widths H1 of the border areas of two adjacent touch substrates 20 in the first direction x is less than the center distance d1 between two adjacent photosensitive pixels 200 in the first direction x, so that the user will not experience a discontinuous experience when touching.

[0104] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the display module 10 in the display device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure can be a liquid crystal display module (LCD), specifically a twisted nematic (TN) type liquid crystal display, an advanced dimension switch (ADS) type liquid crystal display, a high aperture ratio-advanced dimension switch (HADS) type liquid crystal display, an in-plane switch (IPS) type liquid crystal display, etc., without specific limitations. The essential components of the liquid crystal display module are all understood by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here, nor should they be construed as limiting this disclosure.

[0105] In some embodiments of this disclosure, in the display device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 9 As shown, it may also include a backlight module 30, with the display module 10 located on the light-emitting side of the backlight module 30 and the touch substrate 20 located inside the backlight module 30.

[0106] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the backlight module 30 may include a backlight source 31, a stacked reflective sheet 32, a light guide plate 33, and a diffuser sheet 34. The backlight source 31 may be located at at least one side of the light guide plate 33, and the touch substrate may be located between the light guide plate 33 and the diffuser sheet 34. The emitted light from the backlight source 31 enters from the side of the light guide plate 33, is diffused by the light guide plate 33 and reflected by the reflective sheet 32, and then passes through the touch substrate 20 and the diffuser sheet 34 before being uniformly incident on the liquid crystal display module.

[0107] In some embodiments of this disclosure, in order not to affect the detection of non-visible light (e.g., near-infrared light) by the non-visible light sensor 210, the reflector 32 may be configured to reflect visible light and transmit non-visible light (e.g., near-infrared light).

[0108] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the display module 10 in the above-described display device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure may also be an electroluminescent display module, such as an organic electroluminescent display module (OLED), a quantum dot light-emitting display module (QLED), a mini / micro light-emitting display module, etc. The essential components of an electroluminescent display module are all understood by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here, nor should they be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

[0109] In some embodiments of this disclosure, in the display device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 9As shown, it may also include a support frame 40 to provide protection and support for the display module 10, touch substrate 20, and backlight module 30. Other essential components of the display device are those that should be understood by those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here, nor should they be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure.

[0110] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a display system, such as... Figure 11 As shown, it may include a display device 1 and a non-visible light emitter 2, wherein the display device 1 is the display device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure. Since the principle of the display system in solving the problem is similar to that of the display device in solving the problem, the implementation of the display system provided in the embodiments of this disclosure can refer to the implementation of the display device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, and repeated details will not be described again.

[0111] In practical implementation, the non-visible light emitted by the non-visible light emitter 2 is projected onto the display device 1. The larger light spot can cover the non-visible light sensor 210, thereby realizing the conversion from light signal to electrical signal based on the non-visible light sensor 210. Then, the touch position is determined by processing the electrical signal, and long-distance touch interaction is realized.

[0112] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A touch substrate, wherein, include: The substrate includes a photosensitive area and a border area surrounding the photosensitive area; Multiple photosensitive pixels are arranged in an array in the photosensitive area, and each photosensitive pixel includes a non-visible light sensor and a driving transistor. A gate driving circuit is arranged in the frame area. The gate driving circuit includes a plurality of cascaded shift registers. The output terminal of one of the shift registers is electrically connected to the gate of the driving transistor in at least one row of photosensitive pixels through a gate line extending along a first direction. The shift register includes multiple transistors. In one shift register, the number of transistors arranged along a second direction is greater than the number of transistors arranged along the first direction, and the second direction is approximately perpendicular to the first direction. The width direction of the channel region of each transistor in the shift register extends along the first direction, and the length direction of the channel region extends along the second direction. The shift register includes a first output transistor, which includes at least two sub-transistors arranged in parallel along the second direction. The gate of each sub-transistor is electrically connected to a first node, the first terminal of each sub-transistor is electrically connected to a clock signal terminal, the second terminal of each sub-transistor is electrically connected to a first output signal terminal, and the first output signal terminal is electrically connected to the gate line.

2. The touch substrate as described in claim 1, wherein, The shift register has a first length in the first direction and a second length in the second direction, wherein the first length is less than the second length.

3. The touch substrate as described in claim 2, wherein, The second length is approximately equal to the center-to-center distance between two adjacent photosensitive pixels in the second direction.

4. The touch substrate as described in claim 2, wherein, The gate driving circuit consists of two circuits, which are respectively arranged in the border area on both sides of the extension direction of the gate line; the first length is less than half of the center distance between two adjacent photosensitive pixels in the first direction.

5. The touch substrate as described in claim 3 or 4, wherein, The center-to-center distance between two adjacent photosensitive pixels in the first direction and the second direction is 3mm-5mm.

6. The touch substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The channel width of each of the sub-transistors in the first direction is no greater than 1000um.

7. The touch substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The maximum amplitude of the clock signal provided by the clock signal terminal is between 15V and 25V.

8. The touch substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The shift register further includes: an input transistor, a reset transistor, and control circuitry arranged along the second direction; The gate and first terminal of the input transistor are both electrically connected to the input signal terminal, and the second terminal of the input transistor is electrically connected to the first node; The gate of the reset transistor is electrically connected to the reset signal terminal, the first terminal of the reset transistor is electrically connected to the first power supply signal terminal, and the second terminal of the reset transistor is electrically connected to the first node. The control circuit is electrically connected to the first node, the first output signal terminal, and the control signal terminal, respectively. The control circuit is configured to control the potential of the first node and the first output signal terminal in response to the signal of the control signal terminal.

9. The touch substrate as claimed in claim 8, wherein, The control circuit includes two sub-control circuits, which are electrically connected to different control signal terminals. Transistors with the same function in the two sub-control circuits are arranged side by side in the first direction, and transistors with different functions are arranged in the second direction.

10. The touch substrate as claimed in claim 8, wherein, The shift register further includes: a second output transistor; The gate of the second output transistor is electrically connected to the first node, the first terminal of the second output transistor is electrically connected to the clock signal terminal, the second terminal of the second output transistor is electrically connected to the second output signal terminal, and the second output signal terminal is configured to be electrically connected to the input signal terminal in the next stage shift register and the reset signal terminal in the previous stage shift register, respectively.

11. The touch substrate as claimed in claim 10, wherein, The second output transistor and the first output transistor are arranged in the second direction, and the channel width of the second output transistor in the first direction is smaller than the channel width of the sub-transistor in the first direction.

12. The touch substrate according to any one of claims 1-4 and 6-11, wherein, Also includes: A readout circuit is arranged in the frame area and located at a different frame from the gate driving circuit. The readout circuit is electrically connected to the first electrode of the driving transistor in at least one column of photosensitive pixels via a data line that extends along the second direction.

13. The touch substrate as described in any one of claims 1-4 and 6-11, wherein, Also includes: A non-visible light antireflection film is located on the side of the non-visible light sensor away from the substrate, and the non-visible light antireflection film completely covers the photosensitive area.

14. The touch substrate as claimed in claim 13, wherein, The material of the non-visible light antireflection film is a black matrix material, which selectively transmits non-visible light.

15. A display device, wherein, include: Display module; At least one touch substrate as described in any one of claims 1-14, wherein the touch substrate is located on the side of the display module away from the display surface.

16. The display device as claimed in claim 15, wherein, The touch substrates are multiple and closely arranged, and the sum of the widths of the border areas of two adjacent touch substrates in the first direction is less than the center-to-center distance between two adjacent photosensitive pixels in the first direction.

17. The display device as claimed in claim 15 or 16, wherein, It also includes the backlight module; The display module is a liquid crystal display module, which is located on the light-emitting side of the backlight module, and the touch substrate is located inside the backlight module.

18. The display device as claimed in claim 17, wherein, The backlight module includes: a backlight source, a stacked reflector, a light guide plate, and a diffuser; the backlight source is located on at least one side of the light guide plate, and the touch substrate is located between the light guide plate and the diffuser.

19. A display system, wherein, It includes a display device and a non-visible light emitter, wherein the display device is the display device as described in any one of claims 15-18.

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