An ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling

Abstract

The application relates to an ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling, which comprises a transmission array and a feed antenna; the transmission array is a horizontal array structure composed of transmission units in quasi-periodic distribution; the transmission unit comprises a receiving unit, a transmitting unit and a parallel flat plate transmission line; the receiving unit and the transmitting unit are structures composed of a planar short dipole through interdigital capacitive coupling, a dielectric substrate and a metal ground which are orthogonally arranged; the parallel flat plate transmission line is a structure composed of two mutually parallel planar metal wires and a dielectric substrate in the middle; and the phase center of the center frequency of the feed antenna is located at the focal point of the transmission array. Compared with the prior art, the ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmission array antenna surface based on interdigital capacitive coupling has a relatively low relative profile, a wide operating frequency band, high reliability, can withstand a certain degree of high power, and can be applied to a relatively complex working environment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmissive array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the in-depth development of wireless communication technology, the requirements for antennas are becoming higher and higher. In order to cope with the problems such as long communication distance and relatively complex space environment, high-gain antennas with good directivity are urgently needed. According to Shannon's theorem of wireless data transmission, the channel capacity of a communication system is proportional to the system bandwidth, and in order to improve the information data transmission rate, the bandwidth of the communication system needs to be continuously improved, which means that the antenna of the communication system needs to have wideband performance. Since the dual-polarized antenna can radiate or receive multiple pairs of electromagnetic waves with a specific polarization direction, it can realize full-duplex operation and space division multiplexing function, and the orthogonal polarization mode can receive all the polarization information of the electromagnetic wave and improve the anti-interference ability, enhance the communication quality, and the antenna also needs to have the characteristics of dual polarization. Therefore, high-gain, wideband, dual-polarized antennas have become the trend of modern antenna design.

[0003] Compared with other high-gain antennas, the transmissive array antenna has the advantages of low profile, light weight, easy manufacturing, no complex feed network, no feed source shielding, low cost, etc. However, the narrow frequency band is a problem that needs to be solved for the transmissive array antenna, and the existing method for increasing the bandwidth of the transmissive array mainly relies on the wideband properties of the transmissive unit, which is limited in improving the bandwidth of the transmissive array antenna.

[0004] Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of advanced wireless communication systems, it is necessary to conduct further research on ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmissive array antennas to solve the problems of narrow bandwidth and single polarization of transmissive array antennas. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmissive array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling, which realizes a wider frequency bandwidth by coupling between the surface metal structures of each transmissive unit and controlling the actual equivalent wave length of the transmission line between the transmissive unit transceiver structures, and effectively solves the problems of narrow bandwidth and single polarization of transmissive array antennas, so as to be applied in the fields of high-speed wireless communication, high-resolution electromagnetic imaging, etc.

[0006] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present application provides an ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmissive array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling, which comprises a transmissive array and a feed antenna.

[0008] The transmissive array is a horizontal array structure composed of transmissive units arranged in a quasi-periodic manner.

[0009] The transmission unit comprises an upper layer dielectric substrate, an upper layer metal surface arranged on the upper layer dielectric substrate, a middle layer metal ground, a lower layer dielectric substrate, a lower layer metal surface arranged on the lower layer dielectric substrate, an intermediate dielectric substrate arranged between the upper layer dielectric substrate and the lower layer dielectric substrate, and a parallel plate transmission line connecting the upper layer metal surface and the lower layer metal surface.

[0010] The phase center of the center frequency of the feed antenna is located at the focal point of the transmission array, and the incident electromagnetic wave is radiated to the transmission array, so that the wavefront is corrected, and then a plane electromagnetic wave is radiated.

[0011] Further, the feed antenna is an ultra-wideband antenna, and the operating frequency band of the feed antenna can cover all operating frequencies of the transmission array.

[0012] Further, the ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling is characterized in that the feed antenna is a dual-polarized ultra-wideband antenna, including but not limited to a four-ridged horn antenna, a sinusoidal antenna, a logarithmic periodic antenna, a vivaldi antenna, etc.

[0013] Further, the overall arrangement profile of the transmission array is rectangular or circular.

[0014] Further, the upper layer metal surface and the lower layer metal surface have the same structure and are both two orthogonal planar short dipoles, and the geometric centers of the two planar short dipoles coincide.

[0015] The upper layer metal surface and the lower layer metal surface are both provided with four interdigital slots to form interdigital capacitors.

[0016] Further, the parallel plate transmission line is two mutually parallel planar metal wires, and the two ends of the parallel plate transmission line are respectively connected to the excitation ports of the upper and lower planar short dipoles.

[0017] Further, the transmission relative equivalent wave path of the transmission unit is proportional to the length of the parallel plate transmission line.

[0018] Further, the arrangement spacing between adjacent transmission units is the sum of the length of the planar short dipole and the thickness of the dielectric substrate between the parallel plate transmission lines.

[0019] Further, the transmission array antenna radiates electromagnetic waves to the transmission array by using the feed antenna located at the focal point, compensates and corrects the incident electromagnetic wave to a quasi-plane wave by controlling the relative equivalent wave path of each transmission unit in the transmission array, so as to obtain a directional high-gain electromagnetic wave beam, and the relative equivalent wave path of each transmission unit in the transmission array does not change with frequency in the operating frequency band, so as to realize a wide frequency band.

[0020] Further, the ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling is characterized in that the dielectric substrate is not limited to Rogers RO4003C and the like.

[0021] Further, the physical length of the parallel-plate transmission line of each transmission unit is obtained by the following process:

[0022] The transmission phase of each transmission unit of the transmission array is calculated according to formula (1):

[0023]

[0024] wherein: Φ i is the required transmission phase of the i-th transmission unit of the transmission array, k0 is the wave number in free space, R i is the distance from the feed antenna to the i-th transmission unit of the transmission array, is the beam pointing direction, (x i ,y i ) is the coordinate of the i-th transmission unit of the transmission array, is a phase constant;

[0025] The required equivalent wave path compensation of each transmission unit of the transmission array can be calculated according to the required transmission phase, as shown in formula (2):

[0026]

[0027] wherein: L i is the required equivalent wave path compensation of each transmission unit of the transmission array, Φ TA is the set of required transmission phases of each transmission unit of the transmission array;

[0028] The relative equivalent wave path of the transmission line of each transmission unit can be calculated according to formula (3):

[0029]

[0030] wherein: is the relative equivalent wave path of the n-th transmission line of the transmission unit, is the actual equivalent wave path of the n-th transmission line of the transmission unit, is the actual equivalent wave path of the 0-th transmission line of the transmission unit, and the number n is an integer, corresponding to the (n+1)-th transmission unit arranged from small to large according to the actual equivalent wave path of the transmission line of the transmission unit;

[0031] The required equivalent wave path compensation of each transmission unit of the transmission array calculated according to formula (2) determines the transmission relative equivalent wave path of each transmission unit (2), and further determines the physical length of the parallel-plate transmission line of each transmission unit.

[0032] Further, after determining the physical length of the parallel-plate transmission line of each transmission unit, a high-gain ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmission array antenna can be designed.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following technical advantages:

[0034] (1) The ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling in the present application can work in a wider radio frequency band and can be used in common microwave bands.

[0035] (2) The ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling in the present application has a high aperture efficiency, and the maximum aperture efficiency can reach 51%.

[0036] (3) The overall structure of the transmission array in the present application is produced by the PCB process, which is easy to process, stable and reliable, and has a wide range of application scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the present application and do not limit the present application, and in the drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 is a structure diagram of the ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling in the embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the transmission unit in the embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 3 is a top view of the transmission unit in the embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 4 is a front view of the transmission unit in the embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 5 is a left view of the transmission unit in the embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 6 is a diagram showing the change of the transmission amplitude of the transmission unit with different lengths of parallel-plate transmission lines with frequency in the embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Figure 7 is a diagram showing the change of the transmission phase of the transmission unit with different lengths of parallel-plate transmission lines with frequency in the embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Figure 8 is a diagram showing the change of the relative equivalent wave range of the transmission unit with different frequencies with the length of the parallel-plate transmission line in the embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 9 (a), (b) are schematic diagrams of the length distribution of the phase-shifted transmission lines of each transmissive element of the transmissive array in the specific embodiments of the present application for X-polarization and Y-polarization, Figure 9 (a) is a schematic diagram of the length distribution of the phase-shifted transmission lines for X-polarization, Figure 9 (b) is a schematic diagram of the length distribution of the phase-shifted transmission lines for Y-polarization.

[0047] Figure 10 (a), (b) are the E-plane pattern and H-plane pattern of X-polarization of the interdigitated capacitively coupled ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmissive array antenna operating at a frequency of 3 GHz in the specific embodiments of the present application.

[0048] Figure 11 (a), (b) are the E-plane pattern and H-plane pattern of X-polarization of the interdigitated capacitively coupled ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmissive array antenna operating at a frequency of 4 GHz in the specific embodiments of the present application.

[0049] Figure 12 (a), (b) are the E-plane pattern and H-plane pattern of X-polarization of the interdigitated capacitively coupled ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmissive array antenna operating at a frequency of 5 GHz in the specific embodiments of the present application.

[0050] Figure 13 (a), (b) are the E-plane pattern and H-plane pattern of X-polarization of the interdigitated capacitively coupled ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmissive array antenna operating at a frequency of 6 GHz in the specific embodiments of the present application.

[0051] Figure 14 (a), (b) are the E-plane pattern and H-plane pattern of X-polarization of the interdigitated capacitively coupled ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmissive array antenna operating at a frequency of 7 GHz in the specific embodiments of the present application.

[0052] Figure 15 (a), (b) are the E-plane pattern and H-plane pattern of X-polarization of the interdigitated capacitively coupled ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmissive array antenna operating at a frequency of 8 GHz in the specific embodiments of the present application.

[0053] Figure 16 (a), (b) are the E-plane pattern and H-plane pattern of X-polarization of the interdigitated capacitively coupled ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmissive array antenna operating at a frequency of 9 GHz in the specific embodiments of the present application.

[0054] Figure 17 (a), (b) are the E-plane pattern and H-plane pattern of X-polarization of the interdigitated capacitively coupled ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmissive array antenna operating at a frequency of 10 GHz in the specific embodiments of the present application.

[0055] Figure 18 It is a schematic diagram showing the variation of the X-polarization gain of the ultra-wideband dual-polarization transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling with frequency in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] In the figure: 1. Transmission array; 2. Transmission unit; 3. Feed antenna; 4. Planar short dipole; 5. Interdigital capacitor; 6. Parallel plane transmission line; 7. Dielectric substrate; 8. Metal ground. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The present invention discloses an ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling, comprising a transmission array and a feed antenna. The transmission array is a planar array composed of a plurality of quasi-periodically distributed transmission units. The transmission units include receiving units, transmitting units, and parallel plane transmission lines. Both the receiving units and the transmitting units are constructed from orthogonally placed short planar dipoles coupled via interdigital capacitive coupling, a dielectric substrate, and a metal ground plane. The parallel plane transmission line is constructed from two parallel planar metal conductors with a dielectric substrate in between. The function of the parallel plane transmission line is to shift the phase by controlling the length of the planar metal double conductors. Because the equivalent wave path of the planar metal double conductors remains unchanged at different frequencies, the transmission array exhibits ultra-wideband characteristics. The feed antenna is an ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna that covers the transmission array's operating frequency band and is placed at the transmission array's focal point. The ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling proposed in the present invention has a low relative cross-section, a wide operating frequency band, high reliability, and the ability to withstand a certain degree of high power, making it suitable for use in relatively complex operating environments.

[0058] The technical principles of the present invention are as follows:

[0059] The ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmission array antenna, based on interdigital capacitive coupling, consists primarily of a transmission array and a feed antenna. The feed antenna, located at the focal point, radiates electromagnetic waves toward the transmission array. By controlling the relative equivalent path lengths of each element in the transmission array, the incident electromagnetic wave is compensated and corrected into a quasi-plane wave, thereby achieving a directional, high-gain electromagnetic beam. Because the relative equivalent path lengths of each element in the transmission array do not vary with frequency within the operating frequency band, the antenna exhibits broadband performance.

[0060] The structure diagram and reference coordinate system of the transmission array antenna are as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0061] In order to realize the directional electromagnetic wave beam, the required transmission phase of each transmission unit of the transmission array is calculated by formula (1):

[0062]

[0063] Where: Φ iis the transmission phase required by the i-th transmission unit of the transmission array, k0 is the wave number of free space, R i is the distance from the feed antenna to the i-th transmission unit of the transmission array, is the electromagnetic radiation beam direction, (x i ,y i ) is the coordinate of the i-th transmission unit in the transmission array, is a phase constant.

[0064] According to the required transmission phase, the equivalent path compensation of each transmission unit of the required transmission array can be calculated, as shown in formula (2):

[0065]

[0066] Where: L i is the required equivalent path compensation of each transmission unit of the transmission array, Φ TA is the set of transmission phases of each transmission unit of the required transmission array.

[0067] The relative equivalent wave path of the transmission unit transmission line can be calculated by formula (3):

[0068]

[0069] in: is the relative equivalent wave path of the nth transmission unit transmission line, is the actual equivalent wave path of the nth transmission unit transmission line, is the actual equivalent wave path of the 0th transmission unit transmission line, and number n is an integer corresponding to the n+1th transmission unit arranged from small to large according to the actual equivalent wave path of the transmission unit transmission line.

[0070] The required equivalent path compensation of each transmission unit of the transmission array is calculated according to formula (2) to determine the relative equivalent path of each transmission unit, and then determine the physical length of the parallel plate transmission line of each unit of the dual-polarization transmission array. In this way, a high-gain ultra-wideband dual-polarization transmission array antenna can be designed.

[0071] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions herein are intended to explain the present invention but are not intended to limit the present invention. Any features, such as component models, material names, connection structures, control methods, algorithms, etc., not explicitly described in this technical solution are considered common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0072] like Figure 1 , which is a structural diagram of the ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling of the present invention. The ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling of the present invention includes a transmission array 1 and a feed antenna 3.

[0073] The feed antenna 3 adopts an ultra-wideband antenna, and the phase center of the center frequency is located at the focal point of the transmission array 1. The incident electromagnetic wave radiated by the feed antenna 3 to the transmission array is subjected to wavefront correction through the transmission array 1, and then a plane electromagnetic wave is radiated.

[0074] In the embodiment, the transmission array 1 is composed of a plurality of transmission units arranged in a quasi-periodic manner, and the overall arrangement contour of the transmission array 1 is rectangular or circular.

[0075] In the embodiment, the feed antenna 3 adopts an open boundary four-ridged horn antenna, and the working frequency band covers 3 GHz-10 GHz. The radiation direction of the feed antenna 3 is towards the transmission array 1.

[0076] In the embodiment, the transmission array 1 is composed of 15x15 transmission units 2, and the transmission units 2 are arranged in a quasi-periodic manner. As shown in FIG. 2, the transmission unit 2 includes an upper metal surface, an upper dielectric substrate, a middle metal ground, a lower dielectric substrate, a lower metal surface, two parallel plate transmission lines connecting the upper and lower metal surfaces, and a dielectric substrate in the middle of the parallel plate transmission lines. Figure 2

[0077] In the embodiment, the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface are the same, and both are two orthogonal planar short dipoles 4. The geometric centers of the two planar short dipoles 4 coincide, and each planar short dipole 4 has two identical interdigital slots, i.e., interdigital capacitors 5. The interdigital capacitors 5 are symmetrically arranged at the coinciding position of the planar short dipoles 4.

[0078] The parallel plate transmission line 6 is two parallel planar metal wires, and the upper and lower ends of the parallel plate transmission line 6 are connected to the excitation ports of the upper and lower planar short dipoles 4, respectively. The actual equivalent wave path of the parallel plate transmission line 6 determines the transmission relative equivalent wave path of the transmission unit 2, which increases with the increase of the physical length of the parallel plate transmission line. The arrangement interval of the transmission units 2 in the transmission array 1 is the sum of the length of the planar short dipole 4 and the thickness of the dielectric substrate 7 between the parallel plate transmission lines 6.

[0079] As shown in FIG. 4, in the embodiment, the side length P of the transmission unit 2 is 15 mm, the width W of the planar short dipole is 1.5 mm, the slot S on the planar short dipole is 0.1 mm, and the interval T of the parallel plate transmission line 6 is 0.813 mm. Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 5, in the embodiment, the side length P of the transmission unit 2 is 15 mm, the width W of the planar short dipole is 1.5 mm, the slot S on the planar short dipole is 0.1 mm, and the interval T of the parallel plate transmission line 6 is 0.813 mm.

[0080] Figure 4 , 5 ​​As shown, in particular implementation, the width Wt of the parallel plate transmission line 6 is 0.4mm, the actual equivalent wave path of the parallel plate transmission line increases with the increase of the length L of the parallel plate transmission line, the material of the dielectric substrate is Rogers RO4003C, the relative dielectric constant is 3.55, and the thickness Ts of the dielectric is 0.813mm.

[0081] As shown, in particular implementation, the width Wt of the parallel plate transmission line 6 is 0.4mm, the actual equivalent wave path of the parallel plate transmission line increases with the increase of the length L of the parallel plate transmission line, the material of the dielectric substrate is Rogers RO4003C, the relative dielectric constant is 3.55, and the thickness Ts of the dielectric is 0.813mm. Figure 6 As shown, in particular implementation, the width Wt of the parallel plate transmission line 6 is 0.4mm, the actual equivalent wave path of the parallel plate transmission line increases with the increase of the length L of the parallel plate transmission line, the material of the dielectric substrate is Rogers RO4003C, the relative dielectric constant is 3.55, and the thickness Ts of the dielectric is 0.813mm.

[0082] As shown, in particular implementation, the width Wt of the parallel plate transmission line 6 is 0.4mm, the actual equivalent wave path of the parallel plate transmission line increases with the increase of the length L of the parallel plate transmission line, the material of the dielectric substrate is Rogers RO4003C, the relative dielectric constant is 3.55, and the thickness Ts of the dielectric is 0.813mm. Figure 7 As shown, in particular implementation, the width Wt of the parallel plate transmission line 6 is 0.4mm, the actual equivalent wave path of the parallel plate transmission line increases with the increase of the length L of the parallel plate transmission line, the material of the dielectric substrate is Rogers RO4003C, the relative dielectric constant is 3.55, and the thickness Ts of the dielectric is 0.813mm.

[0083] Figure 8 As shown, in particular implementation, the width Wt of the parallel plate transmission line 6 is 0.4mm, the actual equivalent wave path of the parallel plate transmission line increases with the increase of the length L of the parallel plate transmission line, the material of the dielectric substrate is Rogers RO4003C, the relative dielectric constant is 3.55, and the thickness Ts of the dielectric is 0.813mm.

[0084] As shown, in particular implementation, the width Wt of the parallel plate transmission line 6 is 0.4mm, the actual equivalent wave path of the parallel plate transmission line increases with the increase of the length L of the parallel plate transmission line, the material of the dielectric substrate is Rogers RO4003C, the relative dielectric constant is 3.55, and the thickness Ts of the dielectric is 0.813mm. Figure 9 As shown, in particular implementation, the width Wt of the parallel plate transmission line 6 is 0.4mm, the actual equivalent wave path of the parallel plate transmission line increases with the increase of the length L of the parallel plate transmission line, the material of the dielectric substrate is Rogers RO4003C, the relative dielectric constant is 3.55, and the thickness Ts of the dielectric is 0.813mm.

[0085] As shown, in particular implementation, the width Wt of the parallel plate transmission line 6 is 0.4mm, the actual equivalent wave path of the parallel plate transmission line increases with the increase of the length L of the parallel plate transmission line, the material of the dielectric substrate is Rogers RO4003C, the relative dielectric constant is 3.55, and the thickness Ts of the dielectric is 0.813mm. Figures 10 to 17 As shown, in particular implementation, the width Wt of the parallel plate transmission line 6 is 0.4mm, the actual equivalent wave path of the parallel plate transmission line increases with the increase of the length L of the parallel plate transmission line, the material of the dielectric substrate is Rogers RO4003C, the relative dielectric constant is 3.55, and the thickness Ts of the dielectric is 0.813mm.

[0086] Figure 18 ​​​As shown, the schematic diagram of the gain of the X polarization of the ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmissive array antenna based on the interdigital capacitive coupling varying with the frequency in the specific test, since the two polarization structures of the transmissive array are basically the same, the gain of the X polarization varying with the frequency is basically consistent with the gain of the Y polarization varying with the frequency, and the 3-dB gain bandwidth of the transmissive array antenna is 107.7%.

[0087] The above describes in detail the ultra-wideband dual-polarized transmissive array antenna based on the interdigital capacitive coupling, and the principle and implementation of the present application are described and realized by using detailed structural design parameters. The above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea.

[0088] The above description of the embodiments is for the convenience of the ordinary skilled in the art to understand and use the present application. Those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to the embodiments, and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative labor. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and the improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application should be within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband dual-polarization transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling, characterized in that: The transmission array antenna comprises a transmission array (1) and a feed antenna (3); The transmission array (1) is a horizontal array structure composed of transmission units (2) distributed in a quasi-periodic manner; The transmission unit (2) comprises an upper dielectric substrate (7), an upper metal surface provided on the upper dielectric substrate (7), a middle metal ground (8), a lower dielectric substrate, a lower metal surface provided on the lower dielectric substrate, an intermediate dielectric substrate provided between the upper dielectric substrate (7) and the lower dielectric substrate, and a parallel flat plate transmission line (6) connecting the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface; The phase center of the center frequency of the feed antenna (3) is located at the focus of the transmission array (1), and the incident electromagnetic wave is radiated toward the transmission array (1) to achieve wavefront correction, and then the plane electromagnetic wave is radiated; The transmission array antenna utilizes a feed antenna (3) located at a focus to radiate electromagnetic waves to the transmission array (1), and compensates and corrects the incident electromagnetic waves into quasi-plane waves by controlling the relative equivalent wave paths of each transmission unit (2) in the transmission array (1), thereby obtaining a directional high-gain electromagnetic wave beam, and the relative equivalent wave paths of each transmission unit (2) in the transmission array do not change with frequency within the working frequency band, thereby achieving a wide frequency band; The material length of the parallel plate transmission line (6) is obtained by the following process: The transmission phase of each transmission unit (2) of the transmission array is calculated by formula (1): （1） in: For the transmission array i The transmission phase required by the transmission unit (2), is the wave number in free space, From the feed antenna to the transmission array i The distance between the transmission units (2), ( , ) is the direction of the electromagnetic radiation beam, ( , ) is the transmission array i The coordinates of the transmission unit (2), is a phase constant; According to the required transmission phase, the equivalent path compensation of each transmission unit (2) of the required transmission array can be calculated, as shown in formula (2): （2） in: is the equivalent path compensation of each transmission unit (2) of the required transmission array, is the set of transmission phases of each transmission unit (2) of the required transmission array; The relative equivalent wave path of the transmission line of the transmission unit (2) can be calculated by formula (3): （3） in: is the relative equivalent wave path of the transmission line of the nth transmission unit (2), is the actual equivalent wave path of the transmission line of the nth transmission unit (2), is the actual equivalent wave path of the transmission line of the 0th transmission unit (2), and the number n is an integer corresponding to the n+1th transmission unit (2) after being arranged from small to large according to the actual equivalent wave path of the transmission line of the transmission unit (2); The transmission relative equivalent wave path of each transmission unit (2) is determined based on the equivalent wave path compensation of each transmission unit (2) of the required transmission array calculated according to formula (2), and the physical length of the parallel plate transmission line of each transmission unit (2) is further determined.

2. The ultra-wideband dual-polarization transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed antenna (3) is an ultra-wideband antenna, and the operating frequency band of the feed antenna (3) can cover all operating frequencies of the transmission array (1).

3. The ultra-wideband dual-polarization transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feed antenna (3) is a dual-polarization ultra-wideband antenna, and the feed antenna (3) is selected from one of a quad-ridged horn antenna, a sinusoidal antenna, a logarithmic periodic antenna, and a Vivaldi antenna.

4. The ultra-wideband dual-polarization transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall arrangement outline of the transmission array (1) is rectangular or circular.

5. The ultra-wideband dual-polarization transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper metal surface and the lower metal surface have the same structure and are both two planar short dipoles (4) arranged orthogonally, and the geometric centers of the two planar short dipoles (4) coincide; The upper metal surface and the lower metal surface are both provided with four interdigital gaps, thereby forming an interdigital capacitor (5).

6. The ultra-wideband dual-polarization transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parallel flat plate transmission line (6) is two mutually parallel planar metal conductors, and both ends of the parallel flat plate transmission line (6) are respectively connected to the excitation ports of the upper and lower planar short dipoles (4).

7. The ultra-wideband dual-polarization transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission relative equivalent wave path of the transmission unit (2) is proportional to the length of the parallel plate transmission line.

8. The ultra-wideband dual-polarization transmission array antenna based on interdigital capacitive coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arrangement spacing between adjacent transmission units (2) is the sum of the length of the planar short dipole (4) and the thickness of the dielectric substrate between the parallel flat transmission lines (6).

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