A cluster planting method for guava with autumn planting and summer harvesting
By adopting the clustered planting method of autumn planting and summer harvesting of passion fruit, the problems of low summer yield and poor fruit quality have been solved, achieving high-yield and high-quality planting results and increasing farmers' income.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-08-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-24
AI Technical Summary
Passion fruit cultivation faces challenges such as difficulty in controlling the flowering and fruiting period, unstable yield, low yield per unit area, and low rate of high-quality fruit. In particular, the yield is low and the fruit quality is poor in summer, which affects farmers' income.
The passion fruit is planted in autumn and harvested in summer using a clustered planting method. This includes preparing the land and planting passion fruit seedlings in September and October. In early December, the main vines are turned upside down and clamped onto the support strips to form an arch. Small arched sheds are built and covered with transparent film for overwintering. Lateral vines are introduced in February of the following year. The arched sheds are dismantled and trellises are erected in March. Pollination and axillary bud management are carried out from April to August to promote the growth of lateral buds and fruit ripening.
It increased the summer yield and fruit quality of passion fruit, reduced overwintering costs, promoted earlier flowering and fruiting, met consumer demand, and improved planting income.
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Figure CN116897780B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of planting technology, specifically relating to a method for planting passion fruit in autumn and harvesting it in summer using a clustered planting method. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, the market demand for passion fruit is strong, with significant development potential in both fresh sales and processing. However, several problems have arisen during its development: difficulty in controlling the flowering and fruiting period, excessive vine growth without flowering or fruiting, or flowering without fruiting, leading to unstable yields, low yields per unit area, and a low percentage of high-quality fruit. Temperature is the most important factor affecting passion fruit; the optimal temperature for flower bud differentiation, bud development, flowering, and pollination is 20-30℃. Temperatures and sunshine conditions in late spring / early summer and mid-autumn are most conducive to flower organ development. Furthermore, temperature affects fruit quality; in cold seasons, the fruit has high acidity and poor taste. The overall seasonal flavor variation of passion fruit is as follows: June-September (best flavor period), October-November (quality decline period), December-March of the following year (poor quality period), and April-May (quality recovery period).
[0003] Currently, the main passion fruit varieties produce the most flowers and fruits during October-November and April-May. Although October-November yields abundant flowers and fruits, winter approaches quickly, resulting in poor fruit quality and lower market prices, generally only suitable for processing. Fruits produced during April-May, however, are of excellent quality and command high market prices, but at this time the branches are just beginning to recover, with fewer flowers and lower yields, resulting in lower profits for farmers.
[0004] Extensive research has been conducted on cultivation techniques to address these issues. However, despite exploring various technical measures such as adjusting cultivation methods, regulating nutrients, controlling growth regulators, and adjusting vine pruning, breakthroughs have not yet been achieved in addressing bottlenecks related to promoting flowering and fruit set, increasing yield, and improving quality. Therefore, the passion fruit industry urgently needs to make breakthroughs in passion fruit cultivation techniques to solve the problem of low summer yields. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provides a method for planting passion fruit in autumn and harvesting it in summer, which solves the problems of safe overwintering of passion fruit seedlings and low summer fruit yield.
[0006] The technical solution of this invention is as follows:
[0007] A method for planting passion fruit in autumn and harvesting it in summer using a cluster-growing system includes the following steps:
[0008] (1) Prepare the land in September-October, mark the rows, cover each row with mulch, make holes in the middle of the mulch row, plant one passion fruit seedling in each hole, apply 1.5-2.5g of compound fertilizer to each passion fruit seedling, water with 1 liter of water to settle the roots, insert a support strip 5-10 cm away from each passion fruit seedling, and clamp the main vine of the passion fruit seedling on the support strip.
[0009] (2) In early December, insert a support strip 30-40 cm away from each passion fruit seedling, turn the main vine of the passion fruit seedling upside down and clamp it on the support strip so that the main vine is arched and the top of the main vine hangs down to the ground, so that lateral buds sprout from the leaf axils on the arched main vine, build a small arched shed, and cover the small arched shed with a transparent plastic film to allow the passion fruit seedlings to safely overwinter.
[0010] (3) In mid-to-late February of the following year, make a hole in the transparent plastic film and guide the passion fruit lateral vines out from the hole;
[0011] (4) In early March, dismantle the arched shed, build a fence, and guide the passion fruit lateral vines onto the fence. At the same time, apply 2-4g of compound fertilizer to each passion fruit seedling.
[0012] (5) In April, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vines every 7 days, pollinate the passion fruit flowers that have opened, and apply 4-6g of compound fertilizer to each passion fruit seedling.
[0013] (6) In May, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vines every 5 days. For the passion fruit flowers that have already bloomed, pollinate them. In mid-May, apply 4-6g of compound fertilizer to each passion fruit seedling.
[0014] (7) In June, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vines every 5 days, continue to pollinate the passion fruit flowers, and harvest the ripe passion fruit.
[0015] (8) In July, prune the lateral vines, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vines every 5 days, and harvest the ripe passion fruit.
[0016] (9) In August, after the passion fruit harvest is completed, cut the lateral vines of the passion fruit from the base and remove the trellis.
[0017] Preferably, the passion fruit seedlings of the present invention are grafted seedlings or cuttings.
[0018] Preferably, in step (1) of the present invention, when preparing the land, 50 kg of compound fertilizer is applied per mu, and the land is prepared by rotary tillage to mix the fertilizer with the topsoil.
[0019] Preferably, in step (1) of the present invention, two drip irrigation tapes are laid on each row of ground, and the distance between the two drip irrigation tapes is 30cm.
[0020] Preferably, the present invention applies 15 kg of compound fertilizer per acre to the soil surface of the drip irrigation tape, and then covers the drip irrigation tape with a 1.2-meter-wide mulch film, pressing the edges down with soil.
[0021] Preferably, in step (1) of the present invention, the row spacing of passion fruit seedlings is 1.4-1.8 meters, the plant spacing is 1-1.5 meters, and 300-500 plants are planted per mu.
[0022] Preferably, in step (1) of the present invention, the root-fixing water contains 0.07 wt.% copper oxychloride and 0.1 wt.% abamectin, with the water added to 100%.
[0023] Preferably, in step (2) of the present invention, the support strip is a 50 cm long bamboo strip, of which 10 cm is inserted into the soil and 35 cm is exposed above the ground.
[0024] Preferably, in step (2) of the present invention, small arched sheds are erected in the direction of rows, with a width of 1.0 meter and a height of 0.5 meters.
[0025] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0026] 1. This invention clamps the main vine of passion fruit seedlings upside down onto the support strips, causing the top of the main vine to droop and preventing it from growing upwards. This greatly reduces the space required for the greenhouse to overwinter passion fruit seedlings. Large greenhouses are no longer needed; small greenhouses are sufficient for successful overwintering, significantly reducing the cost of overwintering passion fruit seedlings.
[0027] 2. This invention eliminates the need for topping passion fruit seedlings. Instead, it allows the tip of the main vine to droop, promoting the germination and growth of lateral buds. While eliminating apical dominance, this invention preserves the photosynthetic function of the top leaves and the ability to promote root growth. In spring, the lateral vines grow faster, flower earlier, and have a higher fruit set rate, significantly increasing summer passion fruit yield and improving the profitability of passion fruit cultivation.
[0028] 3. The method of the present invention promotes early flowering and early fruit ripening of passion fruit, enabling passion fruit to be marketed earlier, gaining an advantage in the market, further increasing the income of passion fruit cultivation, and meeting consumers' demand for passion fruit in summer earlier.
[0029] 4. The method of this invention for planting passion fruit can not only increase the rate of large fruit, but also significantly increase the yield per mu of passion fruit, solving the problem of low passion fruit yield and supply shortage in summer. Attached Figure Description
[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the passion fruit seedling's main vine pod on a bamboo strip in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the passion fruit main vine being arched in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, with the top of the main vine hanging down to the ground.
[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arched shed for passion fruit seedlings in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of guiding the lateral vines of passion fruit seedlings out of the small arched shed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of guiding the passion fruit lateral vines onto the trellis in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
[0035] Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the management of passion fruit during the conventional planting of passion fruit in October and November, showing how the main vine of the passion fruit is guided onto the trellis.
[0036] Figure 7 This diagram illustrates the growth of the main passion fruit vine during the conventional cultivation of passion fruit from December to February, as per the present invention.
[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the growth of lateral vines after the main vine of the passion fruit is topped in early March of the following year during the conventional planting of passion fruit according to the present invention.
[0038] The attached icon is labeled as follows:
[0039] 1. Main vine; 2. Bamboo strips; 3. Rows; 4. Gardening clips; 5. Bamboo strips; 6. Transparent plastic film; 7. Trellise; 8. Lateral vines. Detailed Implementation
[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0041] In the following examples, the pesticides used contained: spinosad 0.1 wt.%, abamectin 0.1 wt.%, metalaxyl-mancozeb 0.15 wt.%, benzylpyrazole 0.7 wt.%, and water added to 100%.
[0042] Example 1:
[0043] The project was implemented in Tanluo Town, Nanning City, covering an area of 3.5 mu (approximately 0.23 hectares). The plot was divided into two parts, and passion fruit was planted in each part using the following two methods:
[0044] Method 1: Cluster planting, including the following steps:
[0045] (1) Apply 50 kg of compound fertilizer (12-11-18) per mu, then use a rotary tiller to prepare the land, mix the fertilizer with the topsoil, mark the rows, and lay two drip irrigation tapes on each row, with a distance of 30 cm between the two drip irrigation tapes. Spread 15 kg of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) per mu on the soil surface of the drip irrigation tapes, and then cover the drip irrigation tapes with a 1.2-meter-wide mulch film, pressing the edges with soil. Make a 10-centimeter-diameter hole every 1.2 meters on the mulch film between the two drip irrigation tapes. On October 3, 2022, plant one passion fruit cutting in each hole. The passion fruit seedling variety is Zhuangxiang Mibao. The row spacing of the passion fruit seedlings is 1.5 meters and the plant spacing is 1.2 meters, with 370 plants per mu. Apply 2g of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) to each passion fruit seedling and apply 1 liter of water for root establishment (add 0.07wt.% of Chunleiwang Copper and 0.1wt.% of Abamectin to the root establishment water, and add 100% of the water). Insert a 50cm long bamboo strip 2 10cm away from each passion fruit seedling, with 15cm inserted into the soil and 35cm exposed above the ground. Use garden clips 4 to hold the main vine 1 of the passion fruit seedling on the bamboo strip 2.
[0046] (2) Management in October and November: Water every 3-5 days on sunny days, and spray pesticide once during this period (spray until the leaves are moist). Allow the main vine of the passion fruit seedling to grow in a hanging manner. Figure 1 As shown;
[0047] (3) On December 3rd, insert a 50cm long bamboo strip 2 40cm away from each passion fruit seedling, with 15cm inserted into the soil and 35cm protruding above the ground. Use a garden clip 4 to clamp the main vine 1 of the passion fruit seedling upside down onto the bamboo strip 2, making the main vine 1 arch, with the top of the main vine 1 drooping towards the ground. Figure 2 As shown;
[0048] (4) Construct arched sheds using bamboo strips 5 as supports along the row direction. The sheds should be 1.0 meter wide and 0.5 meters high. Cover the sheds with transparent plastic film 6, and secure the edges with soil. Allow the passion fruit seedlings to overwinter inside the sheds. Water every 5-7 days on sunny days, and do not water on rainy days. During this period, lateral buds will sprout from the base of the main vine 1 and the top of the rounded vine, and grow into lateral vines 8. Each plant will produce 6-10 lateral vines 8, growing in clusters. Figure 3 As shown;
[0049] (5) In mid-to-late February of the following year, make a hole in the transparent plastic film 6 and guide the passion fruit lateral vines 8 out through the hole, such as Figure 4 As shown;
[0050] (6) On March 9th, dismantle the arched shed, erect a trellis 7, and guide the passion fruit lateral vines 8 onto the trellis 7. At the same time, apply 2g of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) to each passion fruit seedling, spray pesticide once, and water every 3-5 days on sunny days to allow the lateral vines 8 to climb and grow upwards. Figure 5 As shown;
[0051] (7) In April, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vine 8 every 7 days. At this time, flower buds will grow in the leaf axils of the lateral vine 8 and bloom. After flowering, use artificial pollination in the conventional way to help fruit set. On April 5, apply 4g of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) to each passion fruit seedling and spray pesticide (spray until the leaves are moist) once. Water once every 3-5 days on sunny days.
[0052] (8) In May, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vine 8 every 5 days. At this time, the peak flowering period begins. Use artificial pollination to promote fruit setting according to conventional methods. In mid-May, apply 4g of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) to each passion fruit seedling and spray pesticide (spray until the leaves are moist) once. Water once every 3 days on sunny days.
[0053] (9) In June, continue to pollinate the passion fruit flowers, pinch off the lateral buds, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vines 8 every 5 days, spray pesticide (spray until the leaves are moist) once, irrigate once every 3 days on sunny days, and start harvesting the ripe passion fruit.
[0054] (10) In July, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vines 8 every 7 days, irrigate once every 3 days on sunny days, and harvest the ripe passion fruit.
[0055] (11) In August, after the passion fruit harvest is completed, cut the lateral vines of the passion fruit from the base 8 and remove the trellis 7.
[0056] Method 2: Conventional planting, including the following steps:
[0057] (1) Apply 50 kg of compound fertilizer (12-11-18) per mu, then use a rotary tiller to prepare the land, mix the fertilizer with the topsoil, mark the rows, and lay two drip irrigation tapes on each row, with a distance of 30 cm between the two drip irrigation tapes. Spread 15 kg of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) per mu on the soil surface of the drip irrigation tapes, and then cover the drip irrigation tapes with a 1.2-meter-wide mulch film, pressing the edges with soil. Make a 10-centimeter-diameter hole every 1.2 meters on the mulch film between the two drip irrigation tapes. On October 15, 2022, plant one passion fruit cutting in each hole. (The passion fruit seedling variety is Zhuangxiang Mibao). The row spacing for planting passion fruit seedlings is 1.5 meters and the plant spacing is 1.0 meter. 370 plants are planted per mu. Apply 2g of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) to each passion fruit seedling and apply 1 liter of water for root establishment (add 0.07wt.% of Chunleiwang Copper and 0.1wt.% of Abamectin to the root establishment water, and add 100% of the water). Insert a 50cm long bamboo strip 2 10cm away from each passion fruit seedling, with 15cm inserted into the soil and 35cm exposed above the ground. Use a horticultural pod to attach the main vine 1 of the passion fruit seedling to the bamboo strip 2.
[0058] (2) Management in October and November: Water every 3-5 days on sunny days, and spray pesticide once during this period (spray until the leaves are moist). Build a trellis (7 stalks) and guide the main passion fruit vine (1 vine) onto the trellis (7 stalks). Figure 6 As shown;
[0059] (3) Management from December to February: Water every 5-7 days on sunny days, and do not water on rainy days. During this period, remove all lateral buds sprouting from the base and lower part of the main vine of the passion fruit seedling, leaving only the main vine. Figure 7 As shown;
[0060] (4) On March 9th, top the main passion fruit vine 1 to encourage the upper lateral buds to sprout into lateral vines 8. Retain 3-5 lateral buds per plant and remove the rest. Figure 8 As shown, apply 2g of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) to each passion fruit seedling, spray pesticide (just until the leaves are moist) once, and water once every 3-5 days on sunny days.
[0061] (5) In April, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vine 8 every 7 days. At this time, flower buds will grow in the leaf axils of the lateral vine 8 and bloom. After flowering, use artificial pollination in the conventional way to help fruit set. On April 5, apply 4g of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) to each passion fruit seedling and spray pesticide (spray until the leaves are moist) once. Water once every 3-5 days on sunny days.
[0062] (6) In May, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vine 8 every 5 days, pollinate the blooming passion fruit flowers according to the conventional method to promote fruit setting, apply 4g compound fertilizer (16-10-16) to each passion fruit seedling in mid-May, spray pesticide (spray until the leaves are moist) once, and irrigate once every 3 days on sunny days.
[0063] (7) In June, continue to pollinate the passion fruit flowers, pinch off the lateral buds, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vines 8 every 5 days, spray pesticide (spray until the leaves are moist) once, irrigate once every 3 days on sunny days, and start harvesting the ripe passion fruit.
[0064] (8) In July, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vines 8 every 7 days, irrigate once every 3 days on sunny days, and harvest the ripe passion fruit.
[0065] (9) In August, after the passion fruit harvest is completed, cut the lateral vines of the passion fruit from the base 8 and remove the trellis 7.
[0066] Example 2:
[0067] The project was implemented in Tuolu Town, Jiangzhou District, Chongzuo City, covering an area of 2.8 mu (approximately 0.8 hectares). It was divided into two parts, and the passion fruit seedlings were planted on October 15th. The following two methods were used for planting the passion fruit:
[0068] Method 1: Cluster planting, including the following steps:
[0069] (1) Apply 50 kg of compound fertilizer (12-11-18) per mu, then use a rotary tiller to prepare the land, mix the fertilizer with the topsoil, mark the rows, and lay two drip irrigation tapes on each row, with a distance of 30 cm between the two drip irrigation tapes. Spread 15 kg of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) per mu on the soil surface of the drip irrigation tapes, and then cover the drip irrigation tapes with a 1.2-meter-wide mulch film, pressing the edges with soil. Make a 10-centimeter-diameter hole every 1.2 meters on the mulch film between the two drip irrigation tapes, and plant one passion fruit cutting in each hole (passion fruit seedlings). The seedlings are of the Zhuangxiang Mibao variety. The row spacing is 1.5 meters and the plant spacing is 1.2 meters, with 370 plants per mu. Each passion fruit seedling is fertilized with 2.5g of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) and 1 liter of water for root establishment (add 0.07wt.% of Chunleiwang Copper and 0.1wt.% of Abamectin to the root establishment water, and add 100% of the water). Insert a 50cm long bamboo strip 2 10cm away from each passion fruit seedling, with 15cm inserted into the soil and 35cm exposed above the ground. Use a horticultural pod to attach the main vine 1 of the passion fruit seedling to the bamboo strip 2.
[0070] (2) Management in October and November: Water every 3-5 days on sunny days, and spray pesticide once during this period (spray until the leaves are moist). Allow the main vine of the passion fruit seedling to grow in a hanging manner. Figure 1 As shown;
[0071] (3) On December 3rd, insert a 50cm long bamboo strip 2 40cm away from each passion fruit seedling, with 15cm inserted into the soil and 35cm protruding above the ground. Use a garden clip 4 to clamp the main vine 1 of the passion fruit seedling upside down onto the bamboo strip 2, making the main vine 1 arch, with the top of the main vine 1 drooping towards the ground. Figure 2 As shown;
[0072] (4) Construct arched sheds using bamboo strips 5 as supports along the row direction. The sheds should be 1.0 meter wide and 0.5 meters high. Cover the sheds with transparent plastic film 6, and secure the edges with soil. Allow the passion fruit seedlings to overwinter inside the sheds. Water every 5-7 days on sunny days, and do not water on rainy days. During this period, lateral buds will sprout from the base of the main vine 1 and the top of the rounded vine, and grow into lateral vines 8. Each plant will produce 6-10 lateral vines 8, growing in clusters. Figure 3 As shown;
[0073] (5) In mid-to-late February of the following year, make a hole in the transparent plastic film 6 and guide the passion fruit lateral vines 8 out through the hole, such as Figure 4 As shown;
[0074] (6) On March 7th, dismantle the arched shed, erect a trellis 7, and guide the passion fruit lateral vines 8 onto the trellis 7. At the same time, apply 4g of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) to each passion fruit seedling, and spray pesticide once (until the leaves are moist). Water every 3-5 days on sunny days to encourage the lateral vines 8 to climb and grow upwards. Figure 5 As shown;
[0075] (7) In April, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vine 8 every 7 days. At this time, flower buds will grow in the leaf axils of the lateral vine 8 and bloom. After flowering, use artificial pollination in the conventional way to help fruit set. On April 5, apply 6g of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) to each passion fruit seedling and spray pesticide once (spray until the leaves are moist). Water once every 3-5 days on sunny days.
[0076] (8) In May, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vine 8 every 5 days. At this time, the peak flowering period begins. Use artificial pollination to promote fruit setting according to conventional methods. In mid-May, apply 6g of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) to each passion fruit seedling and spray pesticide once (spray until the leaves are moist). Water once every 3 days on sunny days.
[0077] (9) In June, continue to pollinate the passion fruit flowers, pinch off the lateral buds, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vines 8 every 5 days, spray pesticide once (spray until the leaves are moist), irrigate once every 3 days on sunny days, and start harvesting the ripe passion fruit.
[0078] (10) In July, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vines 8 every 7 days, irrigate once every 3 days on sunny days, and harvest the ripe passion fruit.
[0079] (11) In August, after the passion fruit harvest is completed, cut the lateral vines of the passion fruit from the base 8 and remove the trellis 7.
[0080] Method 2: Conventional planting, including the following steps:
[0081] (1) Apply 50 kg of compound fertilizer (12-11-18) per mu, then use a rotary tiller to prepare the land, mix the fertilizer with the topsoil, mark the rows, and lay two drip irrigation tapes on each row, with a distance of 30 cm between the two drip irrigation tapes. Spread 15 kg of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) per mu on the soil surface of the drip irrigation tapes, and then cover the drip irrigation tapes with a 1.2-meter-wide mulch film, pressing the edges with soil. Make a 10-centimeter-diameter hole every 1.2 meters on the mulch film between the two drip irrigation tapes. On October 15, 2022, plant one passion fruit cutting in each hole. (The passion fruit seedling variety is Zhuangxiang Mibao). The row spacing for planting passion fruit seedlings is 1.5 meters and the plant spacing is 1.0 meter. Plant 500 seedlings per mu. Apply 2.5g of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) to each passion fruit seedling and apply 1 liter of water for root establishment (add 0.07wt.% of Chunleiwang Copper and 0.1wt.% of Abamectin to the root establishment water, and add 100% of the water). Insert a 50cm long bamboo strip 2 10cm away from each passion fruit seedling, with 15cm inserted into the soil and 35cm exposed above the ground. Use a horticultural pod to attach the main vine 1 of the passion fruit seedling to the bamboo strip 2.
[0082] (2) Management in October and November: Water every 3-5 days on sunny days, and spray pesticide once during this period (spray until the leaves are moist). Build a trellis (7 stalks) and guide the main passion fruit vine (1 vine) onto the trellis (7 stalks). Figure 6 As shown;
[0083] (3) Management from December to February: Water every 5-7 days on sunny days, and do not water on rainy days. During this period, remove all lateral buds sprouting from the base and lower part of the main vine of the passion fruit seedling, leaving only the main vine. Figure 7 As shown;
[0084] (4) On March 7th, top the main passion fruit vine 1 to promote the growth of lateral buds 8 from the upper lateral buds. Retain 3-5 lateral buds per plant and remove the rest. Figure 8 As shown, apply 4g of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) to each passion fruit seedling, spray pesticide (until the leaves are moist) once, and water once every 3-5 days on sunny days.
[0085] (5) In April, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vine 8 every 7 days. At this time, flower buds will grow in the leaf axils of the lateral vine 8 and bloom. After flowering, use artificial pollination in accordance with conventional methods to help fruit set. On April 5, apply 6g of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) to each passion fruit seedling and spray pesticide (spray until the leaves are moist) once. Water once every 3-5 days on sunny days.
[0086] (6) In May, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vine 8 every 5 days, pollinate the blooming passion fruit flowers according to the conventional method to promote fruit setting, apply 6g of compound fertilizer (16-10-16) to each passion fruit seedling in mid-May, spray pesticide (spray until the leaves are moist) once, and irrigate once every 3 days on sunny days.
[0087] (7) In June, continue to pollinate the passion fruit flowers, pinch off the lateral buds, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vines 8 every 5 days, spray pesticide (spray until the leaves are moist) once, irrigate once every 3 days on sunny days, and start harvesting the ripe passion fruit.
[0088] (8) In July, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vines 8 every 7 days, irrigate once every 3 days on sunny days, and harvest the ripe passion fruit.
[0089] (9) In August, after the passion fruit harvest is completed, cut the lateral vines of the passion fruit from the base 8 and remove the trellis 7.
[0090] The test results are as follows:
[0091] Table 1. Average number of flowers and average yield of passion fruit branches under different planting methods.
[0092]
[0093] As shown in Table 1 above, the method of this invention can significantly increase the number of flowers and fruits in the early stages of passion fruit production, thereby increasing yield and profit per acre. In clustered planting, lateral buds sprout from December to January, and by early April, they have grown 15-20 leaves. After the branches mature, each leaf axil can produce one flower. In contrast, conventionally planted passion fruit plants are in a dormant state during winter, resuming growth in March. After topping, lateral buds only sprout in early April, and by April, the branches and leaves are not yet mature enough, making flowering difficult. This invention results in more flowers, more fruit set, and thus higher yield per acre.
[0094] Table 2. Fruit quality of passion fruit grown using different planting methods
[0095]
[0096] As shown in Table 2 above, the method of this invention significantly increases the number of fruits in the early stages, thus improving both the weight and quality of individual fruits, resulting in higher fruit prices. Compared to conventional cultivation, this invention increases the overwintering cost of passion fruit by approximately 400 yuan per mu, but the output value of Example 1 increases by 15,593 yuan per mu, and the output value of Example 2 increases by 15,289 yuan per mu. This demonstrates that the method of this invention significantly improves the profitability of passion fruit cultivation.
[0097] The above description is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made under the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the patent scope covered by the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for planting passion fruit in autumn and harvesting it in summer using a cluster-growing cultivation method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Prepare the land in September-October, mark the rows, cover each row with black plastic film, make holes at intervals in the middle of the plastic film row, plant one passion fruit seedling in each hole, apply 1.5-2.5g of compound fertilizer to each passion fruit seedling, apply 1 liter of water to settle the roots, insert a support strip 5-10 cm away from each passion fruit seedling, and clamp the main vine of the passion fruit seedling on the support strip; during land preparation, apply 50 kg of compound fertilizer per mu, use a rotary tiller to prepare the land, and mix the fertilizer with the topsoil; spread a layer of fertilizer on the ground in each row. Two drip irrigation tapes are installed, with a distance of 30cm between them. 15kg of compound fertilizer is applied per acre to the soil surface above the drip irrigation tapes. Then, a 1.2-meter-wide black mulch film is laid over the drip irrigation tapes, with the edges secured with soil. Passion fruit seedlings are planted with a row spacing of 1.4-1.8 meters and a plant spacing of 1-1.5 meters, with 300-500 seedlings per acre. The root-setting water contains 0.07wt.% copper sulfate and 0.1wt.% abamectin, diluted 100% with water. (2) In early December, insert a support strip 30-40 cm away from each passion fruit seedling, and clamp the main vine of the passion fruit seedling upside down on the support strip so that the main vine is arched and the top of the main vine hangs down to the ground. This will encourage the leaf axils on the arched main vine to sprout lateral buds. Build an arched shed and cover the arched shed with a transparent plastic film. The passion fruit seedlings will grow and overwinter in the small arched shed. The support strip is a 50 cm long bamboo strip, with 15 cm inserted into the soil and 35 cm exposed above the ground. Build small arched sheds in the direction of the rows. The width of the small arched shed is 1.0 m and the height is 0.5 m. (3) In mid-to-late February of the following year, make holes in the transparent plastic film and guide the passion fruit lateral vines out from the holes; (4) In early March, dismantle the arched shed, build a fence, and guide the passion fruit lateral vines onto the fence. At the same time, apply 2-4g of compound fertilizer to each passion fruit seedling. (5) In April, remove all axillary buds on the lateral vines of passion fruit every 7 days. For the passion fruit flowers that have already opened, apply 4-6g of compound fertilizer to each passion fruit seedling. (6) In May, remove all axillary buds on the lateral vines of passion fruit every 5 days. For the passion fruit flowers that have already bloomed, pollinate them. In mid-May, apply 4-6g of compound fertilizer to each passion fruit seedling. (7) In June, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vines every 5 days, continue to pollinate the passion fruit flowers, and harvest the ripe passion fruit. (8) In July, top the lateral vines, remove all axillary buds on the passion fruit lateral vines every 5 days, and harvest the ripe passion fruit. (9) In August, after the passion fruit harvest is completed, cut the lateral vines of the passion fruit from the base and remove the trellis.
2. The passion fruit autumn-planting and summer-harvesting cluster planting method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The passion fruit seedlings mentioned are grafted seedlings or cuttings.