A longitudinal torsional ultrasonic wave group drilling device for processing of hard and brittle composite materials

Abstract

The application discloses a longitudinal torsional ultrasonic wave group drill device for processing of hard and brittle composite materials, which comprises a tool shank, a height-adjustable fixing frame, a group drill box structure and a multi-blade drill bit; the clamping device of the height-adjustable fixing frame is fixedly connected with the outer wall of a machine tool spindle, the tool shank is connected with the machine tool spindle, one end of the clamping device is connected with the adjusting device of the height-adjustable fixing frame, the other end of the adjusting device is connected with the group drill box structure, and the multi-blade drill bit is installed on the group drill box structure; longitudinal torsional ultrasonic wave vibration is applied on the tool by adopting the group drill structure, the cutting force is effectively reduced through high-frequency ultrasonic wave vibration, the chip removal efficiency is improved by adopting the multi-blade micro-tooth drill bit, meanwhile, the hard and brittle composite material workpiece is finely processed by adopting the multi-blade micro-tooth, processing defects such as burrs, tearing and delamination are effectively inhibited, the processing time is greatly shortened, the quality of the workpiece hole wall is improved, and high-quality and high-efficiency processing is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a longitudinal torsion ultrasonic multi-drill device for machining hard and brittle composite materials. Background Technology

[0002] Hard and brittle composite materials possess advantages such as low relative density, high specific strength, and good fatigue resistance, effectively reducing the unloaded weight of equipment and improving the mobility and impact resistance of advanced equipment, making them widely used in advanced weaponry, aerospace, and other fields. However, hard and brittle composite materials are heterogeneous materials. During traditional machining processes, due to high cutting forces and tool wear, burrs, delamination, and tearing are easily generated. This makes it difficult to control the surface quality at the hole walls and exit points during machining, resulting in low machining efficiency and posing a significant challenge to high-quality and high-efficiency machining, severely affecting the joint strength of the workpiece. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a longitudinal torsion ultrasonic multi-drill device for processing hard and brittle composite materials to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A longitudinal torsion ultrasonic multi-drill device for machining hard and brittle composite materials includes a tool holder, a height-adjustable fixing frame, a multi-drill housing structure, and a multi-bladed drill bit. The height-adjustable fixing frame includes a clamping device and an adjusting device for adjusting the height of the tool holder. The clamping device is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the machine tool spindle, the tool holder is connected to the machine tool spindle, one end of the clamping device is connected to the adjusting device, and the other end of the adjusting device is connected to the multi-drill housing structure.

[0006] The group drill housing structure includes a group drill upper cover plate, a coupling, a longitudinal torsion ultrasonic device, and a group drill lower cover plate; the top of the group drill upper cover plate is provided with a connection hole for connecting to the adjustment device.

[0007] The bottom end of the tool holder is provided with a cylindrical connecting structure, and the cylindrical connecting structure is connected to one end of the coupling, while the other end of the coupling is connected to the longitudinal torsion ultrasonic device.

[0008] The longitudinal torsion ultrasonic device includes a longitudinal torsion transmission device and a longitudinal torsion ultrasonic vibration device; the top of the longitudinal torsion transmission device is connected to the coupling, the longitudinal torsion ultrasonic vibration device is fixedly connected to the longitudinal torsion transmission device, and the bottom of the longitudinal torsion ultrasonic vibration device is fixedly connected to the multi-blade drill bit.

[0009] When the longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration device generates longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration through the ultrasonic generator, it drives the machine tool spindle to rotate the tool holder. The tool holder drives the longitudinal torsional transmission device through the coupling to rotate the multi-bladed drill bit.

[0010] Furthermore, the longitudinal torsion transmission device includes a driving gear and a driven gear set;

[0011] Furthermore, the driven gear set is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the driving gear component;

[0012] The driven gear set includes a first driven gear component, a second driven gear component, a third driven gear component, a fourth driven gear component, and a fifth driven gear component;

[0013] The second, third, fourth, and fifth driven gear components are evenly distributed on the outside of the first driven gear component and mesh with the first driven gear component respectively; the second driven gear component meshes with the driving gear component and the first driven gear component respectively; and the third driven gear component meshes with the driving gear component and the first driven gear component respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, the longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration device includes a transducer and a conical amplitude transformer; the transducer is fixedly installed at the top of the conical amplitude transformer, and a wireless transmission inner ring mounting groove is provided at the top of the conical amplitude transformer.

[0015] The bottom end of the conical amplitude transformer is fixedly connected to the multi-bladed drill bit;

[0016] The transducer includes a wireless transmission inner ring and a hollow insulating bolt, a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet, a positive electrode sheet, a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and a negative electrode sheet arranged sequentially along the vertical direction.

[0017] The transducer is connected to the conical amplitude transformer via the hollow insulating bolt; and the outer wall of the hollow insulating bolt is provided with heat shrink tubing;

[0018] The positive electrode of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet, the positive electrode of the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the positive electrode sheet are connected; the negative electrode sheet is connected to the negative electrode of the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet; and the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are respectively connected to the wireless transmission inner ring.

[0019] The wireless transmission inner ring is fixedly installed in the wireless transmission inner ring mounting slot.

[0020] Furthermore, the upper cover plate of the drilling rig and the lower cover plate of the drilling rig are fixedly connected by bolts, and the bottom end of the upper cover plate of the drilling rig is provided with a plurality of first bearing mounting groove structures.

[0021] The top of the lower cover plate of the drilling rig is provided with several gear receiving groove structures, and the bottom of the gear receiving groove structure is provided with a second bearing receiving groove structure, a gear shaft mounting hole structure and a wire passage groove structure; and each second bearing receiving groove structure is provided with a wireless transmission outer ring mounting groove on its outer side.

[0022] The first bearing mounting groove structure and the second bearing receiving groove structure are arranged opposite to each other, and each of the wireless transmission outer ring mounting grooves is connected through the wire passage groove structure;

[0023] The gear shaft mounting hole structure is formed at the bottom end of the second bearing receiving groove structure.

[0024] Furthermore, the lower cover plate of the drilling rig is also provided with a sealing groove.

[0025] Furthermore, the sidewalls of the conical amplitude transformer are evenly provided with spiral grooves;

[0026] The spiral angle of the spiral groove is set to 35°, and the vertical height of the spiral groove is three-fifths of the total length of the conical amplitude transformer.

[0027] Furthermore, the multi-blade drill bit includes several helical chip-receiving groove structures and a drill bit cutting edge;

[0028] The cutting edge of the drill bit includes a first drill tooth structure and a second drill tooth structure, and the first drill tooth structure and the second drill tooth structure are alternately arranged on both sides of the spiral chip groove structure.

[0029] The first drill tooth structure is provided with a first tooth profile segment and a second tooth profile segment in sequence along the vertical direction;

[0030] The second drill tooth structure has a first tooth profile section and a third tooth profile section in sequence along the vertical direction.

[0031] Furthermore, the helix angle of the spiral chip groove structure is 15° to 28°.

[0032] Furthermore, a pre-tensioning spring is provided on the outside of the multi-bladed drill bit, and one end of the pre-tensioning spring is fixed to the multi-bladed drill bit.

[0033] The length of the preload spring is two-thirds of the length of the multi-bladed drill bit.

[0034] Furthermore, the adjusting device includes a first height adjusting rod and a second height adjusting rod;

[0035] The top end of the first height adjusting rod is rotatably connected to the clamping device, and a hollow internal thread hole is provided at the center of the bottom end of the first height adjusting rod. Both ends of the second height adjusting rod are provided with external thread structures.

[0036] The external thread structure at the top of the second height adjustment rod is connected to the hollow internal thread hole; the external thread structure at the bottom of the second height adjustment rod is connected to the group drill box structure.

[0037] The second height adjustment rod has an adjustment slot, through which the first height adjustment rod and the second height adjustment rod are driven to move relative to each other in the vertical direction.

[0038] Beneficial effects: This invention designs a multi-drill structure and applies longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration to the multi-bladed drill bit through a longitudinal torsional ultrasonic device. The high-frequency ultrasonic vibration effectively reduces the cutting force, and the high-frequency longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration effectively promotes chip breakage, reducing the length and height of burrs. The use of a multi-bladed micro-tooth drill bit improves chip removal efficiency. At the same time, the small micro-tooths on the multi-bladed drill bit are used to finish the composite material workpiece, effectively suppressing processing defects such as burrs, tears, and delamination, greatly shortening the processing time, reducing damage caused by chips, and improving the processing efficiency and hole wall surface quality of hard and brittle composite materials. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal torsion ultrasonic multi-drill device of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the height-adjustable mounting bracket in this embodiment;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration device in this embodiment;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration device in this embodiment;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal torsion ultrasonic device in this embodiment;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower cover plate of the drilling rig in this embodiment;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top cover plate of the drilling rig in this embodiment;

[0047] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-bladed drill bit in this embodiment.

[0048] In the diagram: 1. Tool holder; 11. Cylindrical connection structure; 2. Height-adjustable fixing bracket; 21. Clamping device; 22. Adjustment device; 221. First height adjustment rod; 222. Second height adjustment rod; 2221. External thread structure; 2222. Adjustment slot; 3. Drill box structure; 4. Multi-blade drill bit; 41. Spiral chip groove structure; 42. Drill bit cutting edge; 421. First drill tooth structure; 4211. First tooth profile section; 4212. Second tooth profile section; 422. Second drill tooth structure; 4213. Third tooth profile section; 5. Longitudinal torsion ultrasonic device; 51. Longitudinal torsion transmission device; 511. Driving gear component; 512. Driven gear set; 5121. First driven gear component; 5122. Second driven gear component; 5123. Third driven gear component; 5124. Fourth driven gear component; 5125. 5. Driven gear component; 52. Longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration device; 521. Transducer; 5211. Wireless transmission inner ring; 5212. Hollow insulating bolt; 5213. First piezoelectric ceramic plate; 5214. Positive electrode plate; 5215. Second piezoelectric ceramic plate; 5216. Negative electrode plate; 522. Conical amplitude transformer; 5221. Wireless transmission inner ring mounting groove; 5222. Spiral groove; 6. Group drill lower cover plate; 61. Gear receiving groove structure; 610. Wireless transmission outer ring wire hole; 611. Second bearing receiving groove structure; 612. Gear shaft mounting hole structure; 613. Wire passing groove structure; 614. Wireless transmission outer ring mounting groove; 62. Sealing groove; 7. Group drill upper cover plate; 70. Bolt hole; 71. First bearing mounting groove structure; 72. Driven gear positioning hole; 8. Coupling; 80. Coupling clamping bolt hole. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] This embodiment provides a longitudinal torsion ultrasonic multi-drill device for machining hard and brittle composite materials, such as... Figure 1As shown, it includes a tool holder 1, a height-adjustable mounting bracket 2, a multi-drill housing structure 3, and a multi-blade drill bit 4; the height-adjustable mounting bracket 2 includes a clamping device 21 and an adjusting device 22 for adjusting the height of the tool holder; the clamping device 21 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the machine tool spindle, the tool holder 1 is connected to the machine tool spindle, one end of the clamping device 21 is connected to the adjusting device 22, and the other end of the adjusting device 22 is connected to the multi-drill housing structure 3;

[0051] The group drill housing structure 3 includes a group drill upper cover plate 7, a coupling 8, a longitudinal torsion ultrasonic device 5, and a group drill lower cover plate 6; the top of the group drill upper cover plate 7 is provided with a connection hole for connection with the adjustment device 22; the bottom of the tool holder 1 is provided with a cylindrical connection structure 11, and the cylindrical connection structure 11 is connected to one end of the coupling 8, and the other end of the coupling 8 is connected to the longitudinal torsion ultrasonic device 5.

[0052] The longitudinal torsion ultrasonic device 5 includes a longitudinal torsion transmission device 51 and a longitudinal torsion ultrasonic vibration device 52; the top of the longitudinal torsion transmission device 51 is connected to the coupling 8, the longitudinal torsion ultrasonic vibration device 52 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal torsion transmission device 51, and the longitudinal torsion ultrasonic vibration device 52 is connected to the ultrasonic generator; the bottom of the longitudinal torsion ultrasonic vibration device 52 is fixedly connected to the multi-blade drill bit 4.

[0053] Specifically, the longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration device 52 includes a transducer 521 and a conical amplitude transformer 522; the transducer 521 is fixedly installed at the top of the conical amplitude transformer 522, and the top of the conical amplitude transformer 522 is provided with a wireless transmission inner ring mounting groove 5221; the bottom end of the conical amplitude transformer 522 is fixedly connected to the multi-blade drill bit 4.

[0054] When the longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration device 52 generates longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration through the ultrasonic generator, it drives the machine tool spindle to rotate the tool holder 1. The tool holder 1 drives the longitudinal torsional transmission device 51 through the coupling 8 to rotate the multi-bladed drill bit 4.

[0055] This invention employs a multi-drill structure that uses a longitudinal torsional ultrasonic device to apply longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibrations to a multi-bladed drill bit. The high-frequency ultrasonic vibrations effectively reduce cutting forces, and the high-frequency longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibrations effectively promote chip breakage, reducing the length and height of burrs. At the same time, the use of a multi-bladed micro-tooth drill bit improves chip removal efficiency, enabling the precision machining of composite material workpieces with multi-bladed micro-tooths. This effectively suppresses machining defects such as burrs, tears, and delamination on the hole wall during drilling, greatly shortens machining time, improves the quality of the workpiece hole wall, and achieves high-quality and high-efficiency machining.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the longitudinal torsion transmission device 51 includes a driving gear 511 and a driven gear set 512; the driven gear set 512 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the driving gear 511; the driven gear set 512 includes a first driven gear 5121, a second driven gear 5122, a third driven gear 5123, a fourth driven gear 5124, and a fifth driven gear 5125; the central circle diameter of the first driven gear 5121 is larger than the central circle diameter of the second driven gear 5122, and the second driven gear 5122, the third driven gear 5123, the fourth driven gear 5124, and the fifth driven gear 5125 have the same dimensions;

[0057] The second driven gear 5122, the third driven gear 5123, the fourth driven gear 5124, and the fifth driven gear 5125 are evenly distributed on the outside of the first driven gear 5121 and mesh with the first driven gear 5121 respectively; the second driven gear 5122 meshes with the driving gear 511 and the first driven gear 5121 respectively; the third driven gear 5123 meshes with the driving gear 511 and the first driven gear 5121 respectively. Due to the smooth characteristics of gear transmission, it can operate smoothly and efficiently during drilling. At the same time, the use of a group drill structure greatly shortens the processing time and improves the efficiency of drilling workpieces.

[0058] Specifically, the bottom end of the second driven gear 5122, the third driven gear 5123, the fourth driven gear 5124 and the fifth driven gear 5125 is provided with a longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration device 52.

[0059] The longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration device 52 includes a transducer 521 and a conical amplitude transformer 522, such as Figures 3 to 4 As shown, A and C represent bearings, and B represents a gear; the transducer 521 includes a wireless transmission inner ring 5211 and a hollow insulating bolt 5212, a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5213, a positive electrode sheet 5214, a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5215, and a negative electrode sheet 5216 arranged sequentially along the vertical direction.

[0060] The transducer 521 is connected to the conical amplitude transformer 522 via the hollow insulating bolt 5212, and the outer wall of the hollow insulating bolt 5212 is provided with a heat shrink tube; the outer wall of the heat shrink tube is connected to the inner ring pressing the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5213 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5215, which is used to prevent short circuits between the hollow insulating bolt 5212, the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5213, the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5215, the positive electrode sheet 5214 and the negative electrode sheet 5216, and at the same time, it plays a supporting role in the assembly process of the transducer 521 to adjust the assembly accuracy of the transducer;

[0061] The positive electrode of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5213, the positive electrode of the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5215, and the positive electrode sheet 5214 are connected; the negative electrode sheet 5216 is connected to the negative electrode of the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5215 and the negative electrode of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 5213; and the positive electrode sheet 5214 and the negative electrode sheet 5216 are respectively connected to the wireless transmission inner ring 5211; the wireless transmission inner ring 5211 is fixedly installed in the wireless transmission inner ring mounting groove 5221, and the wireless transmission inner ring 5211 is connected to the ultrasonic generator through a wire.

[0062] In a specific embodiment, the sidewall of the conical amplitude transformer 522 is provided with helical grooves 5222 evenly distributed; the helix angle of the helical grooves 5222 is set to 35°, and the vertical height of the helical grooves 5222 is three-fifths of the total length of the conical amplitude transformer 522. The spiral groove 5222 of the conical amplitude transformer 522 is used in the drilling process to generate longitudinal torsion in the multi-bladed drill bit 4 by combining with the transducer 521. The conical amplitude transformer 522 has the function of amplifying ultrasonic vibration. The amplification coefficient can be controlled by the different radii of the large and small ends of the conical amplitude transformer 522. The spiral groove 5222 is set on the conical surface of the conical amplitude transformer 522 and is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The spiral groove 5222 has the function of mode conversion, which can convert a part of the longitudinal vibration into torsional vibration to generate longitudinal torsion. The conical amplitude transformer 522 and the transducer 521 have the same design frequency. The transducer 25 uses a frequency of 28KHz. The wireless transmission inner ring 5211 is set inside the wireless transmission inner ring mounting groove 5221 of the conical amplitude transformer 522 to form an integrated structure. The conical amplitude transformer 522 and the multi-bladed drill bit 4 are connected by bolts.

[0063] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the upper cover plate 7 of the drilling rig and the lower cover plate 6 of the drilling rig are fixedly connected by bolts, and the bottom end of the upper cover plate 7 of the drilling rig is provided with a plurality of first bearing mounting groove structures 71.

[0064] The upper cover plate 7 of the drilling rig has a through hole for the connecting shaft of the drive gear 511 at its center. One section of the connecting shaft of the drive gear 511 passes through the through hole and is connected to the coupling 8. The coupling 8 has coupling clamping bolt holes 80 symmetrically arranged on both sides. The structural dimensions of the connecting shaft of the drive gear 511 meet the requirements for assembling the coupling 8. At the same time, the upper cover plate 7 of the drilling rig has two bolt holes 70 at the same height as the coupling clamping bolt holes 80. These bolt holes 70 are used to position the upper cover plate 7 of the drilling rig and the coupling 8. The bottom end of the upper cover plate 7 of the drilling rig has several driven gear positioning holes 72.

[0065] like Figure 6 As shown, the top of the lower cover plate 6 of the group drill is provided with a plurality of gear receiving groove structures 61, and the bottom of the gear receiving groove structure 61 is provided with a second bearing receiving groove structure 611, a gear shaft mounting hole structure 612 and a wire passage groove structure 613; and each second bearing receiving groove structure 611 is provided with a wireless transmission outer ring mounting groove 614 on its outer side.

[0066] The first bearing mounting groove structure 71 and the second bearing receiving groove structure 611 are arranged opposite to each other, and each of the wireless transmission outer ring mounting grooves 614 is connected through the wire passage groove structure 613.

[0067] The gear shaft mounting hole structure 612 is formed at the bottom end of the second bearing receiving groove structure 611.

[0068] The lower cover plate 6 of the drilling rig is provided with several gear receiving groove structures 61 to form a petal-shaped through groove. The lower cover plate 6 of the drilling rig is also provided with a rectangular sealing groove 62. Bolt holes are provided on the top circumference of the lower cover plate 6 of the drilling rig to be bolted to the upper cover plate 7 of the drilling rig. A sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove 62 for sealing connection between the lower cover plate 6 of the drilling rig and the upper cover plate 7 of the drilling rig. A wireless transmission outer ring is provided in the wireless transmission outer ring mounting groove 614. Each wireless transmission outer ring is connected to an ultrasonic generator by a wire passing through the wireless transmission outer ring wire hole 610 of the lower cover plate of the drilling rig. The ultrasonic generator can realize automatic frequency tracking and automatically adjust the frequency range from 20KHz to 30KHz. The ultrasonic generator can control multiple longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration devices 52.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 8As shown, the multi-blade drill bit 4 includes a plurality of helical chip-receiving groove structures 41 and a drill bit cutting edge 42; the drill bit cutting edge 42 includes a first drill tooth structure 421 and a second drill tooth structure 422, and the first drill tooth structure 421 and the second drill tooth structure 422 are alternately arranged on both sides of the helical chip-receiving groove structure 41; the first drill tooth structure 421 is provided with a first tooth profile segment 4211 and a second tooth profile segment 4212 in sequence along the vertical direction; the second drill tooth structure 422 is provided with a first tooth profile segment 4211 and a third tooth profile segment 4213 in sequence along the vertical direction;

[0070] The second drill tooth structure 422 is provided with fish scale-shaped conical teeth for rough machining to realize chip enlargement of the workpiece. The third tooth segment 4213 is provided with strip teeth to grind away the burrs generated after the first rough machining of the workpiece. The first drill tooth structure 421 is provided with multi-bladed micro teeth for secondary finishing to correct the hole wall after the hole enlargement is completed and reduce the roughness of the inner wall of the hole.

[0071] In a specific embodiment, the helical chip groove structure 41 has a helix angle of 15° to 28° to maximize the removal of chips during drilling. A preload spring 43 is provided on the outside of the multi-bladed drill bit 4, and one end of the preload spring 43 is fixed to the multi-bladed drill bit 4. The length of the preload spring 43 is two-thirds of the length of the multi-bladed drill bit 4. The preload spring 43 is used to preload the workpiece during machining. During drilling, as the multi-bladed drill bit 4 gradually enters the workpiece, the cutting force gradually increases, making the workpiece prone to movement and causing tearing and damage to the hole diameter. By setting the preload spring 43, when the workpiece reaches a certain depth, the workpiece compresses the preload spring 43, generating an elastic force. At this time, the preload spring 43 applies a reaction force of elasticity to the workpiece, thereby ensuring that the workpiece does not move due to cutting force during machining, thus preventing low machining accuracy and greatly improving the drilling quality.

[0072] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, the adjusting device 22 includes a first height adjusting rod 221 and a second height adjusting rod 222; the top end of the first height adjusting rod 221 is rotatably connected to the clamping device 21, and a hollow internal threaded hole is provided at the center of the bottom end of the first height adjusting rod 221; both ends of the second height adjusting rod 222 are provided with external threaded structures 2221; the external threaded structure 2221 at the top end of the second height adjusting rod 222 is connected to the hollow internal threaded hole; the external threaded structure 2221 at the bottom end of the second height adjusting rod 222 is connected to the drilling box structure 3; an adjusting slot 2222 is provided on the second height adjusting rod 222, and by turning the handle through the adjusting slot 2222, the first height adjusting rod 221 and the second height adjusting rod 222 are driven to move relative to each other in the vertical direction.

[0073] The process of using this invention is as follows: First, a twist drill or multi-bladed drill bit is assembled onto the longitudinal torsion ultrasonic drilling device. Then, the tool holder 1 is fixed to the upper cover plate 7 of the drilling device via bolts on the coupling 8. The operating height is fixed to the machine tool spindle by the nut on the clamping device 21 in the adjustable fixing frame 2. Simultaneously, the clamping height is adjusted by rotating the nut on the first height adjustment rod 221. The spindle speed, drilling depth, and drilling position are controlled by operating the control panel on the machine tool. However, the control program for controlling the spindle via the control panel is a known prior art and is not the inventive point of this application. Further details are omitted; before drilling, the ultrasonic generator is turned on. The ultrasonic generator provides electrical signals to the transducer 521 through the inner wireless transmission ring 5211 and the outer wireless transmission ring. The amplitude on the transducer 521 is amplified through the conical amplitude transformer 522, providing longitudinal and torsional ultrasonic vibration for the entire device. By controlling the power and frequency on the ultrasonic generator, the amplitude can be adjusted during drilling. During drilling, the multi-blade drill bit drills a hole in the workpiece. When the hole is enlarged, the multi-blade micro-teeth in the multi-blade drill bit will be further trimmed, reducing the roughness on the hole wall. This can achieve efficient and high-quality processing of hard and brittle composite materials.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A longitudinal torsion ultrasonic multi-drill device for processing hard and brittle composite materials, characterized in that, The device includes a tool holder (1), a height-adjustable mounting bracket (2), a multi-drill housing structure (3), and a multi-blade drill bit (4). The height-adjustable mounting bracket (2) includes a clamping device (21) and an adjusting device (22) for adjusting the height of the tool holder. The clamping device (21) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the machine tool spindle, the tool holder (1) is fixed to the bottom of the machine tool spindle, one end of the clamping device (21) is connected to the adjusting device (22), and the other end of the adjusting device (22) is connected to the multi-drill housing structure (3). The group drill housing structure (3) includes a group drill upper cover plate (7), a coupling (8), a longitudinal torsion ultrasonic device (5), and a group drill lower cover plate (6); the top of the group drill upper cover plate (7) is provided with a connection hole for connection with the adjustment device (22). The bottom end of the knife handle (1) is provided with a cylindrical connecting structure (11), and the cylindrical connecting structure (11) is connected to one end of the coupling (8), and the other end of the coupling (8) is connected to the longitudinal torsion ultrasonic device (5). The longitudinal torsion ultrasonic device (5) includes a longitudinal torsion transmission device (51) and a longitudinal torsion ultrasonic vibration device (52); the top of the longitudinal torsion transmission device (51) is connected to the coupling (8), and the longitudinal torsion ultrasonic vibration device (52) is fixedly connected to the longitudinal torsion transmission device (51); the bottom of the longitudinal torsion ultrasonic vibration device (52) is fixedly connected to the multi-blade drill bit (4). When the longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration device (52) is made to generate longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration by the ultrasonic generator, the tool holder (1) is driven to rotate by driving the machine tool spindle. The tool holder (1) drives the longitudinal torsional transmission device (51) to rotate the multi-blade drill bit (4) through the coupling (8). The longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration device (52) includes a transducer (521) and a conical amplitude transformer (522); the transducer (521) is fixedly installed at the top of the conical amplitude transformer (522), and a wireless transmission inner ring mounting groove (5221) is provided at the top of the conical amplitude transformer (522). The bottom end of the conical amplitude transformer (522) is fixedly connected to the multi-blade drill bit (4); The transducer (521) includes a wireless transmission inner ring (5211) and a hollow insulating bolt (5212), a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet (5213), a positive electrode sheet (5214), a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet (5215), and a negative electrode sheet (5216) arranged sequentially along the vertical direction. The transducer (521) and the conical amplitude transformer (522) are connected by the hollow insulating bolt (5212), and the outer wall of the hollow insulating bolt (5212) is provided with heat shrink tubing; The positive electrode of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet (5213), the positive electrode of the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet (5215), and the positive electrode sheet (5214) are connected; the negative electrode sheet (5216) is connected to the negative electrode of the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet (5215); and the positive electrode sheet (5214) and the negative electrode sheet (5216) are respectively connected to the wireless transmission inner ring (5211); The wireless transmission inner ring (5211) is fixedly installed in the wireless transmission inner ring mounting groove (5221); the adjustment device (22) includes a first height adjustment rod (221) and a second height adjustment rod (222). The top end of the first height adjusting rod (221) is rotatably connected to the clamping device (21). A hollow internal thread hole is provided at the center of the bottom end of the first height adjusting rod (221). Both ends of the second height adjusting rod (222) are provided with external thread structures (2221). The external thread structure (2221) at the top of the second height adjustment rod (222) is connected to the hollow internal thread hole; the external thread structure (2221) at the bottom of the second height adjustment rod (222) is connected to the group drill box structure (3); The second height adjustment rod (222) has an adjustment slot (2222), through which the first height adjustment rod (221) and the second height adjustment rod (222) are driven to move relative to each other in the vertical direction.

2. The longitudinal torsion ultrasonic drilling device for processing hard and brittle composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal torsion transmission device (51) includes a driving gear (511) and a driven gear set (512). Furthermore, the driven gear set (512) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the driving gear (511); The driven gear set (512) includes a first driven gear (5121), a second driven gear (5122), a third driven gear (5123), a fourth driven gear (5124), and a fifth driven gear (5125). The second driven gear (5122), the third driven gear (5123), the fourth driven gear (5124), and the fifth driven gear (5125) are evenly distributed on the outside of the first driven gear (5121) and mesh with the first driven gear (5121) respectively; the second driven gear (5122) meshes with the driving gear (511) and the first driven gear (5121) respectively; the third driven gear (5123) meshes with the driving gear (511) and the first driven gear (5121) respectively.

3. The longitudinal torsion ultrasonic drilling device for processing hard and brittle composite materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper cover plate (7) of the drilling rig and the lower cover plate (6) of the drilling rig are fixedly connected by bolts, and the bottom end of the upper cover plate (7) of the drilling rig is provided with a plurality of first bearing mounting groove structures (71). The top of the lower cover plate (6) of the group drill is provided with a plurality of gear receiving groove structures (61), and the bottom of the gear receiving groove structure (61) is provided with a second bearing receiving groove structure (611), a gear shaft mounting hole structure (612) and a wire passing groove structure (613); and each second bearing receiving groove structure (611) is provided with a wireless transmission outer ring mounting groove (614) on its outer side. The first bearing mounting groove structure (71) and the second bearing receiving groove structure (611) are arranged opposite to each other, and each of the wireless transmission outer ring mounting grooves (614) is connected through the wire passage groove structure (613); The gear shaft mounting hole structure (612) is located at the bottom end of the second bearing receiving groove structure (611).

4. A longitudinal torsion ultrasonic multi-drill device for processing hard and brittle composite materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower cover plate (6) of the drilling rig is also provided with a sealing groove (62).

5. A longitudinal torsion ultrasonic drilling device for processing hard and brittle composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conical amplitude transformer (522) has spiral grooves (5222) evenly distributed on its side wall. The spiral angle of the spiral groove (5222) is set to 35°, and the vertical height of the spiral groove (5222) is three-fifths of the total length of the conical amplitude transformer (522).

6. A longitudinal torsion ultrasonic drilling device for processing hard and brittle composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-blade drill bit (4) includes several helical chip groove structures (41) and a drill bit cutting edge (42). The cutting edge (42) of the drill bit includes a first drill tooth structure (421) and a second drill tooth structure (422), and the first drill tooth structure (421) and the second drill tooth structure (422) are alternately arranged on both sides of the spiral chip groove structure (41); The first drill tooth structure (421) is provided with a first tooth profile segment (4211) and a second tooth profile segment (4212) in sequence along the vertical direction. The second drill tooth structure (422) is provided with a first tooth profile section (4211) and a third tooth profile section (4213) in sequence along the vertical direction.

7. A longitudinal torsion ultrasonic multi-drill device for processing hard and brittle composite materials according to claim 6, characterized in that, The helix angle of the spiral chip groove structure (41) is 15°~28°.

8. A longitudinal torsion ultrasonic multi-drill device for processing hard and brittle composite materials according to claim 6, characterized in that, The multi-blade drill bit (4) is provided with a pre-tightening spring (43) on its outside, and one end of the pre-tightening spring (43) is fixed on the multi-blade drill bit (4); The length of the preload spring (43) is two-thirds the length of the multi-bladed drill bit (4).

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