A synchronous extension and direction-changing rectangular shallow hole drilling machine suitable for rock strata

Abstract

The application discloses a rock stratum-adapted drill bit synchronous extension and direction-changing rectangular shallow hole drilling machine, which comprises a drill rig with a vertical drill rod, the lower end of the vertical drill rod is sequentially connected from top to bottom with a rock slag treatment mechanism, a vertical hydraulic assembly and a multifunctional drill assembly; the rock slag treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device, a slag suction system, a crushing device, a grouting system and a slag discharge system; the grouting system is connected to the multifunctional drill assembly; the vertical hydraulic assembly comprises a plurality of vertical hydraulic cylinders; the multifunctional drill assembly comprises a plurality of cylindrical drill assemblies, a U-shaped fork plate, a sliding counterforce frame and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder, the cylindrical drill assemblies are installed on the U-shaped fork plate and are arranged in a matrix on the vertical plane and the horizontal plane, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the sliding counterforce frame and drives the U-shaped fork plate to move laterally. The advantages of the application are that the haunch, the horizontal cantilever and the vertical pile body can all form a hole at one time without the need of other mechanical assistance, and the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction and equipment costs are saved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of anti-slide pile drilling machine equipment, and particularly to a rectangular shallow hole drilling machine with synchronous extension and direction change of a drill bit suitable for rock strata. BACKGROUND

[0002] In slope support, roadbed construction, foundation pit excavation and tunnel entrance and exit construction, anti-slide piles are the most effective measure to resist lateral thrust and govern engineering and geological disasters by transferring lateral thrust of rock and soil mass to stable strata below the sliding surface. Anti-slide piles are divided into rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles and circular cross-section anti-slide piles. Rectangular anti-slide piles have the advantages of large lateral stiffness and high single-pile bearing capacity, and can effectively enhance the anti-slide force and improve the anti-slide coefficient. Therefore, rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles are widely used in various engineering fields.

[0003] Traditional rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles have a large cross-section and cannot fully utilize the strength of rock and soil mass in front of the pile. For anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever structures, the horizontal cantilever can fully utilize the strength of rock and soil mass in front of the pile to improve the anti-slide capacity of the anti-slide pile. However, the horizontal cantilever pile hole of the anti-slide pile with a horizontal cantilever is extremely difficult to form. Traditional rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles usually adopt manual excavation and mechanical excavation methods. The collapse caused by manual hole digging pile construction accounts for 65% of the total number of collapse accidents, and the efficiency is low and the cost is high. Mechanical excavation is safer and more efficient. Therefore, it is of great significance to ensure the safety of construction personnel and improve efficiency by using mechanical drilling to excavate the pile hole of the rectangular anti-slide pile in rock and soil layers.

[0004] At present, there are various rectangular drilling machine devices and excavation methods, for example:

[0005] Patent No. CN 106836354 A “Rectangular Anti-slide Pile Mechanical Hole Forming Device” forms a rectangular spade head by a plurality of cutting pieces, and a counterweight or a hydraulic propulsion device is arranged at the rear end of the spade head to realize the drilling and excavation of the rectangular pile hole.

[0006] Patent No. CN 103244053 A “Rectangular Drilling Machine” mainly drives two T-shaped cutter heads uniformly distributed at the lower part of two steel frames to move reciprocally towards each other by two cam bodies to cut the soil into a rectangular hole.

[0007] Patent No. CN 104533300 A “Rectangular Drilling Machine” sets a conical drill bit at the bottom of a rectangular transmission box and a cross-shaped long knife on four sides, the conical drill bit drills into a circular pile hole, and then the cross-shaped long knife is rotated to cut and trim the circular pile hole into a rectangular pile hole.

[0008] Patent No. CN 207715083 U “Rectangular Anti-slide Pile Hole Forming Drilling Machine” mainly sets a circular drill cylinder and a rectangular drill cylinder at the bottom of a drill rod, the circular drill cylinder is rotated to form a circular pile hole, and then the rectangular drill cylinder cuts the soil around the circular pile hole to form a rectangular pile hole.

[0009] Patent No. CN 105951798 A "A rectangular drilling machine" is mainly through the motor drive four with reamer concave waist cylinder cutting soil, drilling into rectangular pile hole.

[0010] The existing drilling machine mainly forms a vertical rectangular pile hole in the rock-soil body, but has the following problems: (1) it cannot realize the drilling and excavation of a rectangular anti-slide pile hole with a horizontal cantilever or a horizontal cantilever with a haunch structure in the soil, and cannot realize the drilling and excavation in the rock mass (gravel, pebble, hard rock and other strata); (2) other machines (grab) or auxiliary measures (mud circulation deslagging method) are used to clean the deslag in the pile hole, the drilling and deslagging equipment has low integration, low drilling construction efficiency and high cost. SUMMARY

[0011] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a rectangular shallow hole drilling machine with synchronous extension and direction change of the drill bit suitable for rock strata. For drilling and excavating a shallow pile hole in a rock stratum, a vertical and horizontal multifunctional cylindrical drill with interval arranged reamers and hobs is arranged at the bottom of the vertical drill rod, the hob blade is higher than the reamer, which facilitates the crushing of the reamer after the rock is cracked by the hob; first, the vertical rectangular pile hole is drilled to the design depth of the haunch pile hole by the vertical drill bit of the multifunctional cylindrical drill; then, the vertical drill bit of the multifunctional cylindrical drill is drilled to the design depth of the horizontal cantilever by the vertical multi-stage hydraulic drive, and the multifunctional cylindrical drill is retracted after drilling is completed; then, the multifunctional cylindrical drill is drilled or not drilled in the haunch pile hole before drilling the horizontal cantilever rectangular pile hole, and the multifunctional cylindrical drill is retracted after drilling is completed; finally, the multifunctional cylindrical drill continues to drill vertically to the design depth, which can realize the drilling and excavation of a rectangular anti-slide pile with a horizontal cantilever or a haunch horizontal cantilever in a rock stratum by using a drilling machine, saves construction period and construction cost, improves work efficiency, ensures engineering quality and safety of construction personnel.

[0012] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0013] A rectangular shallow hole drilling machine with synchronous extension and direction change of the drill bit suitable for rock strata, characterized in that the rectangular shallow hole drilling machine comprises a drill rig with a vertical drill rod, the lower end of the vertical drill rod is sequentially connected from top to bottom with a rock deslag processing mechanism, a vertical hydraulic assembly and a multifunctional drill assembly, wherein:

[0014] The slag treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device, a slag suction system, a crushing device, a grouting system and a slag discharge system; the stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism arranged on the stirring box, and the lower end of the vertical drill rod is connected to and drives the stirring mechanism; the slag suction port arranged on the stirring box is connected to the slag suction system through the crushing device, and the slag discharge port arranged on the stirring box is connected to the slag discharge system; the grouting system is connected to the multifunctional drill assembly;

[0015] The vertical hydraulic assembly comprises a plurality of vertical hydraulic cylinders, the cylinder end face of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the bottom of the stirring box, and the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is connected to the multifunctional drill assembly.

[0016] The multifunctional drill assembly comprises a plurality of cylindrical drill assemblies, a U-shaped fork plate, a sliding counterforce frame and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder, the cylindrical drill assemblies are installed on the U-shaped fork plate and arranged in a matrix on the vertical and horizontal planes, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the sliding counterforce frame and drives the U-shaped fork plate to move laterally; the U-shaped fork plate comprises a web plate, wing plates arranged on both sides of the web plate and a steel support arranged in the middle of the web plate, and the web plate comprises a horizontal web plate and a vertical web plate; the cylindrical drill assembly comprises two cylinders, a motor driving the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of rolling cutter assemblies arranged at intervals on the surface of the cylinders and a plurality of reamer assemblies arranged between adjacent rolling cutter assemblies, the rolling cutter assembly comprises a rolling cutter base and a ring of rolling cutters fixed on the rolling cutter base, the reamer assembly comprises a reamer base and a reamer fixed on the reamer base at an angle, the rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the two cylinders and the rotating shaft end is arranged in the rotating shaft hole of the wing plate on the two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and the shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support.

[0017] The sliding counterforce frame comprises a counterforce plate, a rail plate and a connecting plate, the rail plate is installed on the top of the counterforce plate, T-shaped sliding rails are fixed on the bottom of the rail plate on both sides, the connecting plate is fixed on both sides of the web plate of the U-shaped fork plate respectively, a sliding block is fixed on the top of the connecting plate and a T-shaped sliding groove matched with the T-shaped sliding rails is arranged in the sliding block, the cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the counterforce plate of the sliding counterforce frame, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected to the vertical web plate of the U-shaped fork plate.

[0018] The vertical hydraulic assembly further comprises a rigid fence arranged circumferentially along the bottom of the stirring box, and a ring of rubber pads is arranged on the bottom of the rigid fence.

[0019] The stirring mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears that mesh with and drive the main gear. The lower end of the vertical drill rod drives the main gear to rotate. A stirring main shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main shaft. A stirring auxiliary shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the auxiliary gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring auxiliary shaft.

[0020] The slag suction system includes a main slag suction pipe and a multi-functional slag suction branch pipe branching out from the suction port of the main slag suction pipe. The suction head of the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe is connected to the multi-functional drill assembly and is located close to the cylindrical drill assembly. Each suction head is equipped with a multi-functional slag suction valve. The multi-functional slag suction branch pipe is connected to the main slag suction pipe through a telescopic pipe.

[0021] The grouting system includes a main grouting pipe, a grouting pump, and multi-functional grouting branch pipes. One end of the main grouting pipe is connected to the grouting pump located on the ground, and the other end is connected to several multi-functional grouting branch pipes. The nozzles of the multi-functional grouting branch pipes are connected to the multi-functional drilling assembly and are located close to the cylindrical drilling assembly. Each nozzle is equipped with a multi-functional grouting valve. The multi-functional grouting branch pipes are connected to the main grouting pipe via telescopic pipes.

[0022] The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump. One end of the slag discharge pump is connected to the slag discharge pipe, and the other end is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank.

[0023] A pipe fixing frame is provided above the mixing mechanism and is fitted onto the outside of the vertical drill rod; the slag suction main pipe, the grouting main pipe and the slag discharge pipe are all arranged and fixed along the pipe fixing frame.

[0024] The drilling rig includes a rotary motor, a steel cantilever beam, a slider, a steel column, a guide rail, a hinge shaft, a tie rod, and a vehicle-mounted platform. The steel column is vertically mounted on the vehicle-mounted platform. The upper end of the tie rod is hinged to the upper end of the steel column, and the lower end is hinged to the hinge shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform. The guide rail is vertically mounted and fixed along the steel column. The slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail. The steel cantilever beam is fixed to the slider. The rotary motor is fixed to the steel cantilever beam and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate.

[0025] The advantages of this invention are:

[0026] (1) By using a drill rod and a horizontal and vertical multi-functional cylindrical drill with spaced cutters and rollers, the drilling of horizontal cantilever or rectangular pile holes with haunches in shallow rock can be realized.

[0027] (2) The multi-functional cylindrical drill in the rock mass can achieve synchronous expansion and contraction and deformation, so as to achieve the purpose of drilling rectangular pile holes perpendicular to each other.

[0028] (3) The pile can be drilled in one go with the haunches, horizontal cantilever and vertical pile body without the need for other mechanical assistance, so as to improve construction efficiency and save construction and equipment costs;

[0029] (4) The rock is crushed twice by the crushing box, which can better discharge it from the pile hole and prevent the slag discharge pipe from being blocked;

[0030] (5) It has both drilling and slag removal functions, and the drilling rig has a high degree of integration, which realizes the uninterrupted synchronous operation of drilling and slag removal, reduces construction procedures, saves construction costs, and improves drilling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a rectangular shallow hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional reversible drill bits adapted to rock formations according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional positions of the rectangular shallow hole drilling rig adapted to rock formations by synchronous telescopic and directional reversible drill bits according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of a rectangular shallow hole drilling rig with synchronous extension and reversal of drill bits adapted to rock formations according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Sectional view of AA in the middle;

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the middle section (BB);

[0036] Figure 6 for Figure 2 CC section view;

[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of DD in the middle;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the multifunctional drilling assembly of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 for Figure 8 EE cross-section;

[0040] Figure 10 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of FF in the middle;

[0041] Figure 11 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of GG in China;

[0042] Figure 12 For Figure 2 H-H cross-sectional view

[0043] Figure 13 For Figure 2 I-I cross-sectional view

[0044] Figure 14 For Figure 2 J-J cross-sectional view

[0045] Figure 15 For Figure 2 K-K cross-sectional view

[0046] Figure 16 For the invention is suitable for rock strata drill bit synchronous expansion and change direction rectangular shallow hole drilling rig construction process flow chart;

[0047] As Figures 1-16 shown, the figure marked respectively for:

[0048] 1. Multifunctional drilling assembly, 2. Vertical hydraulic assembly, 3. Mixing device, 4. Crushing device, 5. Slag suction system, 6. Pipeline fixing frame, 7. Slag discharge system, 8. Grouting system, 9. Drill rig,

[0049] 11. Cylindrical drilling assembly, 12. U-shaped fork plate, 13. Sliding counterforce frame, 14. Horizontal hydraulic cylinder, 111. Cylinder, 112. Auger assembly, 113. Roller cutter assembly, 114. Motor, 115. Motor shaft, 1121. Auger base, 1122. Auger, 1131. Roller cutter base, 1132. Roller cutter, 121. Wing plate, 122. Vertical web, 123. Horizontal web, 124. Steel support, 125. Shaft hole, 126. Multifunctional slag suction branch pipe through hole, 127. Multifunctional slag suction main pipe through hole, 128. Multifunctional grouting branch pipe through hole, 129. Multifunctional grouting main pipe through hole, 131. Counterforce plate, 132. Rail plate, 133. T-shaped slide rail, 134. Slide block, 135. T-shaped slide groove, 136. Connecting plate,

[0050] 21. Vertical hydraulic cylinder, 22. Rigid fence, 23. Rubber pad,

[0051] 31. Mixing box, 32. Double-layer large blade, 33. Mixing main shaft, 34. Double-layer small blade, 35. Mixing auxiliary shaft, 36. Single-layer small blade, 37. Main gear, 38. Main gear isolation pad, 39. Auxiliary gear, 310. Auxiliary gear isolation pad, 311. Steel cover plate, 312. Drill rod,

[0052] 41. Crushing box, 42. Mid-plate, 43. Connecting pipe, 44. Frame, 45. Fan motor, 46. Fan blade, 47. Crushing knife, 48. Filter screen,

[0053] 51. Main slag suction pipe; 52. Multi-functional slag suction branch pipe; 53. Telescopic pipe; 54. Suction head; 55. Multi-functional slag suction valve.

[0054] 61. Top steel plate; 62. Middle steel plate; 63. Bottom steel plate; 64. Side upright plates; 65. Circular through hole; 66. Slag discharge pipe fixing hole; 67. Grouting pipe fixing hole.

[0055] 71. Slag discharge pipe; 72. Slag discharge pump;

[0056] 81. Grouting main pipe, 82. Grouting pump, 83. Multi-functional grouting branch pipe, 84. Nozzle, 85. Multi-functional grouting valve,

[0057] 91. Rotary motor; 92. Steel cantilever beam; 93. Slider; 94. Steel column; 95. Guide rail; 96. Hinge shaft; 97. Tie rod; 98. Vehicle-mounted platform.

[0058] a. Rock strata, b. Drilling rig, c. Free section pile hole, d. Haunched hole, e. Horizontal cantilever pile hole, f. Embedded section pile hole. Implementation

[0059] The features and other related features of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

[0060] Example: Figures 1-15 As shown, this embodiment relates to a rectangular shallow hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional drilling of the drill bit adapted to rock formations. The rectangular shallow hole drilling rig includes a drilling rig 9, a pipe fixing frame 6, a rock cuttings treatment mechanism, a vertical hydraulic component 2, and a multi-functional drilling component 1. The drilling rig 9 has a vertically arranged drill rod 312. The pipe fixing frame 6 is fitted onto the rod body of the drill rod 312. The rock cuttings treatment mechanism, the vertical hydraulic component 2, and the multi-functional drilling component 1 are connected sequentially from top to bottom from the lower end of the drill rod 312. The rock cuttings treatment mechanism includes a stirring device 3, a crushing device 4, a slag suction system 5, a slag discharge system 7, and a grouting system 8.

[0061] like Figure 1As shown, the drill carriage 9 comprises a rotary motor 91, a steel suspension beam 92, a sliding block 93, a steel stand column 94, a guide rail 95, a hinge shaft 96, a pull rod 97, and a carriage platform 98 which is provided with trackable caterpillar wheels and is located on the ground. The steel stand column 94 is vertically arranged at the front end of the carriage platform 98, and the pull rod 97 is hingedly connected to the upper end of the steel stand column 94 and to the hinge shaft 96 on the carriage platform 98. The guide rail 95 is fixedly arranged along the steel stand column 94 to form a vertical track, and the sliding block 93 is slidably arranged on the guide rail 95 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of a power mechanism. The steel suspension beam 92 is fixed to the sliding block 93, and the rotary motor 91 is installed on the steel suspension beam 92. The vertically arranged drill rod 312 is driven to rotate by the rotary motor 91 and can move in the vertical direction along with the sliding block 93, i.e., the drill rod 312 can be driven downward by the sliding block 93.

[0062] As shown in Figures 1-11 As shown, the vertical hydraulic assembly 2 comprises a plurality of vertical hydraulic cylinders 21, a rigid fence 22, and rubber pads 23. The vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 are arranged circumferentially along the bottom of the mixing box 31 of the mixing device 3, and the vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 are synchronously movable. In this embodiment, six vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 are provided. The cylinder end face of each vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 is fixed to the bottom of the mixing box 31, and the piston rod of each vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 is connected to the sliding counterforce frame 13 of the multifunctional drill assembly 1. The synchronous movement of the vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 can drive the multifunctional drill assembly 1 to move up and down. The rigid fence 22 is arranged circumferentially along the bottom of the mixing box 31, and the vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 are located inside the rigid fence 22. The height of the rigid fence 22 is equal to the vertical length of the vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 when they are retracted to the minimum stroke, and the rigid fence 22 can protect the vertical hydraulic cylinders 21. The rubber pads 23 are arranged circumferentially along the bottom of the rigid fence 22, and can prevent the rigid fence 22 from colliding with the sliding counterforce frame 13 of the multifunctional drill assembly 1 when the vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 are retracted to the minimum stroke, thereby serving as a buffer.

[0063] As shown in Figures 1-9 As shown, the multifunctional drill assembly 1 can be used for shallow hole drilling of rectangular anti-slide piles, excavation of horizontal cantilever pile holes, and excavation of haunch holes. The multifunctional drill assembly 1 comprises a plurality of cylindrical drill assemblies 11, a U-shaped fork plate 12, a sliding counterforce frame 13, and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14. The cylindrical drill assemblies 11 are installed on the U-shaped fork plate 12 and are arranged in a matrix on the vertical plane and the horizontal plane, i.e., the multifunctional drill assembly 1 can form a rectangular excavation surface on the vertical plane and the horizontal plane. In this embodiment, the cylindrical drill assemblies 11 are arranged in a right-angle plane. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed to the sliding counterforce frame 13 and drives the U-shaped fork plate 12 to move laterally, thereby driving the cylindrical drill assemblies 11 to move laterally synchronously.

[0064] The U-shaped fork plate 12 is composed of a web plate, wing plates 121 arranged on both sides of the web plate, and a steel support 124 arranged in the middle of the web plate. The web plate includes a horizontal web plate 123 and a vertical web plate 122, which form a right-angle surface structure corresponding to the arrangement of the cylindrical drill assembly 11. The cylindrical drill assembly 11 includes two cylindrical drills and a motor 114 driving the rotation of the cylindrical drills. In this embodiment, there are five groups of cylindrical drill assemblies 11 (a total of ten cylindrical drills), two groups of cylindrical drill assemblies 11 (a total of four cylindrical drills) arranged on the vertical plane, and four groups of cylindrical drill assemblies 11 (a total of eight cylindrical drills) arranged on the horizontal plane. The cylindrical drill is composed of a cylinder 111, a plurality of roller cutter assemblies 113 spaced apart on the surface of the cylinder 111, and a plurality of reamer assemblies 112 spaced apart between adjacent roller cutter assemblies 113 on the surface of the cylinder 111. Specifically, the height of the roller cutter assembly 113 protruding on the cylinder 111 is higher than that of the reamer assembly 112. Therefore, when cutting the rock mass, the roller cutter 1132 of the roller cutter assembly 113 first contacts the rock mass, i.e., the roller cutter assembly 113 first cracks the entire rock surface into a plurality of large rocks, and then the reamer assembly 112 further cuts the large rocks on the excavation surface into small diameter rock blocks (or rock debris). The roller cutter assembly 113 includes a roller cutter base 1131 and a ring of roller cutters 1132 fixed to the roller cutter base 1131. The reamer assembly 112 includes a reamer base 1121 and a reamer 1122, which is inclinedly installed under the fixation of the reamer base 1121 to facilitate the reaming of the rock formation. For rock mass, if the roller cutter 1132 is used to directly crush the excavation surface rock mass or the reamer 1122 is used to directly ream, the strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the roller cutter and reamer materials need to meet high requirements, thereby not only increasing the difficulty of roller cutter and reamer material development, but also increasing the construction cost. By combining the roller cutter 1132 and the reamer 1122, the roller cutter 1132 only cracks the excavation surface rock mass, reducing the strength of the rock mass, so that the reamer 1122 can more easily cut the rock mass, thereby not only reducing the requirements for the strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the roller cutter and reamer materials, but also reducing the wear of the reamer and roller cutter. Therefore, the method of using the roller cutter 1132 to first crack the excavation surface rock mass and then using the reamer 1122 to cut the low-strength rock mass after cracking can not only improve the work efficiency, but also reduce the tool wear and construction cost. The steel support 124 is welded or bolted to the motor 114 housing. The motor shaft 115 of the motor 114 drives the rotation of the two sides of the cylinder 111, and the end of the motor shaft 115 is supported in the shaft hole 125 of the two side wing plates 121.The sliding counterforce frame 13 comprises a counterforce plate 131, a rail plate 132 and a connecting plate 136. The rail plate 132 is installed on the top of the counterforce plate 131. The rail plate 132 is fixed with T-shaped sliding rails 133 on both sides of the bottom of the rail plate 132. The connecting plate 136 is fixed on both sides of the web of the U-shaped fork plate 12. The top of the connecting plate 136 is fixed with a sliding block 134. The sliding block 134 is provided with a T-shaped sliding groove 135 which is matched with the T-shaped sliding rail 133. The cylinder end surface of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed on the counterforce plate 131 of the sliding counterforce frame 13. The piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected with the vertical web 122 of the U-shaped fork plate 12. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 drives the sliding block 134 on the connecting plate 136 to move laterally by driving the vertical web 122 of the U-shaped fork plate 12. The T-shaped sliding groove 135 in the sliding block 134 and the T-shaped sliding rail 133 on the rail plate 132 are matched to guide the movement of the sliding block 134 and ensure the stability and safety of the lateral movement of the multifunctional drill assembly 1.

[0065] When the multifunctional drill assembly 1 is used to drill a shallow hole for a rectangular anti-slide pile, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is not working (the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is at the minimum stroke). The cylindrical drill assembly 11 in the horizontal plane of the multifunctional drill assembly 1 is working. The multifunctional drill assembly 1 drills downward to form a rectangular pile hole. When the multifunctional drill assembly 1 is used to drill a horizontal cantilever pile hole, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is working (the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is extended to the side). The cylindrical drill assembly 11 in the vertical plane of the multifunctional drill assembly 1 is working. The multifunctional drill assembly 1 drills to the side to form a horizontal cantilever pile hole. When the multifunctional drill assembly 1 is used to drill an add-in hole, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is working (the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is extended to the side). The cylindrical drill assembly 11 in the vertical plane and the horizontal plane of the multifunctional drill assembly 1 is working. The vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 of the vertical hydraulic assembly 2 is working (the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 is extended downward). The multifunctional drill assembly 1 drills downward and to the side to form an add-in hole.

[0066] In addition, the rail plate 132 is provided with a multifunctional slag suction main pipe through hole 127 and a multifunctional grouting main pipe through hole 129 for fixing the slag suction main pipe 51 of the slag suction system 5 and the grouting main pipe 81 of the grouting system 8 respectively. The web is provided with a multifunctional slag suction branch pipe through hole 126 and a multifunctional grouting branch pipe through hole 128 for fixing the multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 52 of the slag suction system 5 and the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 of the grouting system 8 respectively. The multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 52 and the slag suction main pipe 51 are connected through the expansion pipe 53. The multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 and the grouting main pipe 81 are also connected through the expansion pipe 53. When the multifunctional drill assembly 1 moves laterally, the multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 52 and the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 also move.

[0067] As shown in FIG. 1, Figures 1-15 The rock slag treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device 3, a crushing device 4, a slag suction system 5, a slag discharge system 7 and a grouting system 8.

[0068] The stirring device 3 mainly comprises a stirring box 31 and a stirring mechanism. The stirring box 31 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the sliding counterforce frame 13 (the track plate 132), and the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear 37 and a plurality of auxiliary gears 39 which are driven by the main gear 37. The main gear 37 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the drill rod 312, and the rotating drill rod 312 can drive the main gear 37 to rotate, thereby driving the auxiliary gears 39 to rotate. The main gear 37 is coaxially provided with a stirring main rotating shaft 33 which extends into the stirring box 31, and the stirring main rotating shaft 33 is provided with stirring blades. The stirring blades are double-layer large blades 32. The auxiliary gears 39 are coaxially provided with stirring auxiliary rotating shafts 35 which extend into the stirring box 31, and the stirring auxiliary rotating shafts 35 are also provided with stirring blades. The stirring blades on some of the stirring auxiliary rotating shafts 35 are double-layer small blades 34, and the stirring blades on the other stirring auxiliary rotating shafts 35 are single-layer small blades 36. The mud can be obtained by stirring the rock slag and the mud in the stirring box 31, so as to facilitate the discharge. In order to avoid the mud in the stirring box 31 from penetrating into the gear box where the main gear 37 and the auxiliary gears 39 are located during the stirring process, a main gear isolation pad 38 is arranged at the joint of the stirring main rotating shaft 33 and the stirring box 31, and an auxiliary gear isolation pad 310 is arranged at the joint of the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 and the stirring box 31. As shown in FIG. 1, a steel cover plate 311 is arranged at the top of the gear box where the main gear 37 and the auxiliary gears 39 are located, and is used to be connected with the pipeline fixing frame 6. The stirring box 31 is provided with a slag suction port and a slag discharge port. Figure 3

[0069] The stirring box 31 is provided with a slag suction port and a slag discharge port.

[0070] ​The sucked rock slag is crushed into small particles by the crushing device 4 and then enters the stirring box 31. The crushing device 4 mainly comprises a crushing box 41, a partition plate 42, a connecting pipe 43, a rack 44, a fan motor 45, fan blades 46, crushing knives 47 and a filter screen 48. The partition plate 42 is arranged obliquely in the crushing box 41 to form a slope for facilitating the flow of the rock slag. The fan motor 45 is installed on the top plate in the crushing box 41 through the rack 44. The fan blades 46 are arranged on the rotating shaft of the fan motor 45. The high-speed rotating fan motor 45 and fan blades 46 can form a negative pressure suction in the suction rock main pipe 51. The crushing knives 47 are installed at the installation position of the fan motor 45, so that the sucked rock slag must be crushed by the crushing knives 47 before entering the stirring box 31 through the connecting pipe 43. The filter screen 48 is arranged at the end surface of the fan motor 45 to filter the large particle rock slag, so as to avoid the rock slag flowing into the stirring box 31 from the fan motor 45.

[0071] The grouting system 8 is connected to the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 through the grouting outlet. The grouting system 8 mainly comprises a grouting main pipe 81, a grouting pump 82 and a plurality of multifunctional grouting branch pipes 83. One end of the grouting main pipe 81 is connected to the grouting pump 82 on the ground, and the other end is connected to the plurality of multifunctional grouting branch pipes 83. The multifunctional grouting branch pipes 83 extend into the multifunctional drilling assembly 1, and the nozzles 84 of the multifunctional grouting branch pipes 83 are close to the cylindrical drilling assembly 11. The grouting system 8 is used to inject the mud into the rock slag, so that the rock slag is mixed with the mud, which is convenient for the suction system 5 to suck the rock slag. The multifunctional grouting valve 85 is arranged at the nozzles 84 to control the opening and closing of the pipeline.

[0072] The discharge system 7 on the ground is connected to the discharge outlet of the stirring box 31. The discharge system 7 comprises a discharge pipe 71 and a discharge pump 72. The lower end of the discharge pipe 71 is connected to the discharge outlet of the stirring box 31 and extends downward to a certain depth, so as to facilitate the discharge of more mud. The discharge pipe 71 is used to discharge the uniformly stirred mud in the stirring box 31 to the ground through the discharge pump 72 for collection and treatment.

[0073] As shown in Figures 1-15 The pipe fixing frame 6 is in a box type structure, which comprises a top steel plate 61, a middle steel plate 62, a bottom steel plate 63 and a plurality of side plates 64 connecting the three. In addition, circular through holes 65 are formed in the top steel plate 61, the middle steel plate 62 and the bottom steel plate 63 to allow the drill pipe 312 to pass through. In addition, discharge pipe fixing holes 66 are formed in the top steel plate 61, the middle steel plate 62 and the bottom steel plate 63 to allow the discharge pipe 71 to pass through, and grouting pipe fixing holes 67 are formed in the top steel plate 61, the middle steel plate 62 and the bottom steel plate 63 to allow the grouting main pipe 81 to pass through. In order to avoid the pipeline from shaking during drilling, the pipe fixing frame 6 can provide a fixing function for the passing pipelines.

[0074] As shown in Figure 16As shown, the present embodiment has the following construction method when constructing the haunch hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole simultaneously:

[0075] (S1) In the rock stratum a, the vertical rectangular pile hole forming free section pile hole c is drilled by the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 on the drilling machine b until the top design elevation of the haunch hole d, and in this process, the suction head 54 on the multifunctional slurry suction branch pipe 52 and the nozzle 84 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane respectively perform slurry suction and grouting.

[0076] (S2) After the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 reaches the top design elevation of the haunch hole d, the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 of the vertical hydraulic assembly 2 is started, the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 is elongated downward, and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 continues to drill downward until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, and in this process, the suction head 54 on the multifunctional slurry suction branch pipe 52 and the nozzle 84 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane respectively perform slurry suction and grouting.

[0077] (S3) After the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 of the vertical hydraulic assembly 2 is retracted to the minimum stroke, i.e. the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 is located at the top design elevation of the haunch hole d, and in this process, the suction head 54 on the multifunctional slurry suction branch pipe 52 and the nozzle 84 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane are closed.

[0078] (S4) The cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical plane and the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 is started, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 of the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 and the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 of the vertical hydraulic assembly 2 are started, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is elongated to the side of the rock mass to drive the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 to move laterally, and the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 is elongated downward to drive the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 to move downward, so that the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 drills the rock mass laterally and downward to form the haunch hole d, and in this process, the suction head 54 on the multifunctional slurry suction branch pipe 52 and the nozzle 84 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical plane and the horizontal plane respectively perform slurry suction and grouting.

[0079] (S5) After the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 continues to elongate to the side of the rock mass to drive the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 to move laterally, so that the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 drills the rock mass to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, and in this process, the suction head 54 on the multifunctional slurry suction branch pipe 52 and the nozzle 84 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical plane respectively perform slurry suction and grouting.

[0080] (S6) After the horizontal cantilever pile hole e is drilled to the design length, the cylindrical drill assembly 11 in the vertical plane of the multifunctional drill assembly 1 is closed, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is retracted to the minimum stroke, the multifunctional drill assembly 1 is moved back into the free section pile hole c, the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 is retracted to the minimum stroke, the multifunctional drill assembly 1 is moved to the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, in this process, the suction head 54 on the multifunctional slurry suction branch pipe 52 and the nozzle 84 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 in the vertical plane are closed; the cylindrical drill assembly 11 in the horizontal plane of the multifunctional drill assembly 1 is opened, and the embedded section pile hole f is drilled downward until the design depth of the embedded section pile hole f, in this process, the suction head 54 on the multifunctional slurry suction branch pipe 52 and the nozzle 84 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 in the horizontal plane are respectively used for slurry suction and grouting.

[0081] The advantages of the embodiment are:

[0082] (1) The horizontal and vertical multifunctional cylindrical drills with drill rods and twist drills and hobs arranged at intervals are used to realize the drilling of a rectangular pile hole of a horizontal cantilever or a horizontal cantilever structure with a haunch in a shallow rock mass;

[0083] (2) The multifunctional cylindrical drill in the rock mass can realize synchronous extension and deformation, so as to drill a rectangular pile hole in a perpendicular direction;

[0084] (3) The haunch, horizontal cantilever and vertical pile body can be once holed, without the need of other mechanical assistance, so as to improve the construction efficiency and save the construction and equipment costs;

[0085] (4) The rock is secondarily crushed by the crushing box, which can better discharge the pile hole and prevent the blockage of the slurry discharge pipe;

[0086] (5) The drilling and slurry discharge functions are simultaneously realized, the drilling machine has high integration, the uninterrupted and synchronous drilling and slurry discharge are realized, the construction process is reduced, the construction cost is saved, and the drilling construction efficiency is improved.

[0087] Although the above embodiments have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can recognize that various improvements and changes can be made to the present application without departing from the scope defined by the claims, and therefore, detailed description is not given here.

Claims

1. A drilling rig for synchronous extension and deviation of a rectangular shallow hole of a drill bit adapted to rock strata, characterized in that The rectangular shallow hole drilling machine comprises a drilling rig with a vertical drilling rod, a rock residue processing mechanism, a vertical hydraulic assembly and a multifunctional drilling assembly connected in sequence from top to bottom at the lower end of the vertical drilling rod, wherein: The rock residue processing mechanism comprises a stirring device, a residue suction system, a crushing device, a grouting system and a residue discharge system; the stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism arranged on the stirring box, and the lower end of the vertical drilling rod is connected to and drives the stirring mechanism; a residue suction port arranged on the stirring box is connected to the residue suction system through the crushing device, and a residue discharge port arranged on the stirring box is connected to the residue discharge system; the grouting system is connected to the multifunctional drilling assembly; The vertical hydraulic assembly comprises a plurality of vertical hydraulic cylinders, the cylinder end face of the vertical hydraulic cylinders is fixed on the bottom of the stirring box, and the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinders is connected to the multifunctional drilling assembly; The multifunctional drilling assembly comprises a plurality of cylindrical drilling assemblies, a U-shaped fork plate, a sliding counterforce frame and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder, the cylindrical drilling assemblies are installed on the U-shaped fork plate and arranged in a matrix on the vertical and horizontal planes, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the sliding counterforce frame and drives the U-shaped fork plate to move laterally; the U-shaped fork plate comprises a web, wing plates arranged on both sides of the web and a steel support arranged in the middle of the web, and the web comprises a horizontal web and a vertical web; the cylindrical drilling assembly comprises two cylinders, a motor driving the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of roller cutter assemblies arranged at intervals on the surface of the cylinders and a plurality of reamer assemblies arranged between adjacent roller cutter assemblies, the roller cutter assembly comprises a roller cutter base and a row of roller cutters fixed on the roller cutter base, and the reamer assembly comprises a reamer base and a reamer obliquely fixed on the reamer base, the rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the two cylinders and is arranged in the rotating shaft hole of the wing plates on both sides of the U-shaped fork plate at the end of the rotating shaft, and the shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support.

2. A simultaneous retraction and direction change rectangular shallow hole drilling rig for drilling into rock formations as claimed in claim 1 wherein The sliding counterforce frame comprises a counterforce plate, a rail plate and a connecting plate, the rail plate is installed on the top of the counterforce plate, T-shaped sliding rails are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the rail plate, the connecting plates are respectively fixed on both sides of the web of the U-shaped fork plate, a sliding block is fixed on the top of the connecting plate, a T-shaped sliding groove matched with the T-shaped sliding rails is arranged in the sliding block, the cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the counterforce plate of the sliding counterforce frame, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected to the vertical web of the U-shaped fork plate.

3. A simultaneous retraction and direction change rectangular shallow hole drilling rig for rock formations as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The vertical hydraulic assembly further comprises a rigid fence arranged circumferentially on the bottom of the stirring box, and a row of rubber pads are arranged on the bottom of the rigid fence.

4. A simultaneous retraction and direction change rectangular shallow hole drilling rig for drilling into rock formations as claimed in claim 1 wherein The stirring mechanism comprises a main gear and a plurality of auxiliary gears in meshing transmission with the main gear, the lower end of the vertical drilling rod drives the main gear to rotate, a stirring main rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft; a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the auxiliary gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft.

5. A simultaneous retraction and direction change rectangular shallow hole drilling rig for rock formations as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The slag suction system comprises a main slag suction pipe and multifunctional slag suction branch pipes which are branched from the suction port of the main slag suction pipe, the suction heads of the multifunctional slag suction branch pipes are connected to the multifunctional drill assembly and arranged close to the cylindrical drill assembly, multifunctional slag suction valves are arranged at each of the suction heads, and the multifunctional slag suction branch pipes are connected to the main slag suction pipe through telescopic pipes.

6. A simultaneous retraction and direction change rectangular shallow hole drilling rig for drilling into rock formations as claimed in claim 5 wherein The grouting system comprises a main grouting pipe, a grouting pump and multifunctional grouting branch pipes, one end of the main grouting pipe is connected to the grouting pump on the ground, the other end is connected to the multifunctional grouting branch pipes, the nozzles of the multifunctional grouting branch pipes are connected to the multifunctional drill assembly and arranged close to the cylindrical drill assembly, multifunctional grouting valves are arranged at each of the nozzles, and the multifunctional grouting branch pipes are connected to the main grouting pipe through telescopic pipes.

7. A simultaneous retraction and direction change rectangular shallow hole drilling rig for drilling into rock formations as claimed in claim 6 wherein The slag discharge system comprises a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump, one end of the slag discharge pump is connected to the slag discharge pipe, and the other end is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing box.

8. A simultaneous retraction and direction change rectangular shallow hole drilling rig for drilling into rock formations as claimed in claim 7 wherein A pipeline fixing frame is arranged above the mixing mechanism and the pipeline fixing frame is sleeved on the outside of the vertical drill rod; the main slag suction pipe, the main grouting pipe and the slag discharge pipe are arranged and fixed along the pipeline fixing frame.

9. A simultaneous retraction and direction change rectangular shallow hole drilling rig for rock formations as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The drill carriage comprises a rotating motor, a steel suspension beam, a sliding block, a steel stand, a guide rail, a hinge shaft, a pull rod and a vehicle-mounted platform, the steel stand is vertically arranged on the vehicle-mounted platform, the upper end of the pull rod is hingedly connected to the upper end of the steel stand, the lower end is hingedly connected to the hinge shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform, the guide rail is vertically arranged and fixed along the steel stand, the sliding block is slidably arranged on the guide rail, the steel suspension beam is fixed on the sliding block, and the rotating motor is fixed on the steel suspension beam and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate.

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