Indoor twin slope physical model test system and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to an indoor twin slope physical model test system and method. The system comprises: an on-site prototype system, an indoor model system, a monitoring method, analysis and evaluation, and feedback adjustment. The on-site prototype system comprises the on-site prototype slope, its hydrogeological conditions, and environmental conditions. The indoor model system comprises the indoor model slope and its simulated environment. The materials of the indoor model slope are determined by comparing and converting the rock and soil material parameters provided by the prototype slope survey. The indoor model slope is constructed by layering and filling in proportion to the prototype slope. The indoor environmental simulation is performed by applying the environmental indicators of the prototype slope actually monitored on-site to the slope model after proportional conversion. The present invention, combined with current advanced meteorological forecasting methods, can apply adverse climate conditions such as future rainfall and earthquakes to the model slope in advance, achieving advanced simulation of model slope disasters, thereby predicting and prejudging the operating status of the prototype slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of experimental devices, and in particular to an indoor twin slope physical model test system and method. Background Art

[0002] Large-scale physical model tests have a comprehensive theoretical framework based on similarity. They can control key test parameters without being constrained or affected by environmental conditions, facilitate comparative testing by varying test parameters, and offer high economic efficiency. They offer significant advantages in geotechnical engineering disaster research and are widely adopted. However, they also have drawbacks and limitations. Traditional models primarily simulate the slope model itself, with research focusing on the configuration and fabrication of simulation materials, as well as the integration of monitoring methods. Simulation of the model's environmental conditions often involves applying external boundary conditions, such as rainfall simulations. This applies graded rainfall levels, such as rainfall duration, to the model slope to monitor its response under varying rainfall conditions. However, the slope environment is dynamic, and these changes can impact its operational state, particularly under extreme climate conditions. Consequently, existing literature reports rarely report on physical model tests that incorporate the real-world environment into the model slope in real time.

[0003] If the environmental conditions of the on-site prototype slope project can be transmitted and precisely controlled to the indoor model slope through modern monitoring and communication methods, 100% twinning of the on-site prototype slope to the indoor model slope is achieved. Combined with current advanced meteorological forecasting methods, adverse climatic conditions such as future rainfall and earthquakes can be applied to the model slope in advance, enabling advanced simulation of model slope hazards and thus predicting and prejudging the prototype slope's operational status. This method of simulating and monitoring the prototype slope and its surroundings in real time allows for early identification of slope deformation related to geological hazards. Furthermore, thanks to on-site monitoring equipment, analysis of monitoring data can reveal the evolutionary patterns of slope-landslide geological hazards, providing first-hand data for subsequent disaster prevention and treatment. This is of great significance to the current research on geological hazard mechanisms and prevention and control technologies, and also ensures safe transportation operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing physical model testing technology and provide an indoor twin slope physical model testing system and method, which can truly reflect the working status of the prototype slope, improve the reliability of the physical and mechanical model, and ensure the safety of traffic operations.

[0005] An indoor twin slope physical model test system, comprising: an on-site prototype system, an indoor model system, a monitoring method, analysis and evaluation, and mutual feedback adjustment;

[0006] The field prototype system includes the field prototype slope, the hydrogeological conditions and environmental conditions in which it is located, wherein the environmental conditions include rainfall and earthquakes, wherein the field prototype slope and its environment are to be monitored on site according to the slope geological conditions and stability analysis results;

[0007] The indoor model system consists of two parts: the indoor model slope and the simulated environment in which it is located. The materials of the indoor model slope are determined and configured after comparing and converting the rock and soil material parameters provided by the prototype slope survey. The indoor model slope is layered and filled in a certain geometrically similar proportion to the prototype slope.

[0008] The indoor environment simulation of the model slope is achieved by applying proportional conversion to the prototype slope environmental indicators actually monitored on site, wherein the proportion is the model similarity proportion when the model slope monitoring indicators match the prototype slope monitoring indicators after proportional conversion.

[0009] Furthermore, the monitoring method includes a prototype slope monitoring method and a model slope monitoring method, wherein the prototype slope monitoring method comprehensively evaluates the slope stability based on the hydrogeological conditions and on-site environment of the prototype slope project, selects appropriate monitoring indicators based on the slope geological conditions and stability analysis results, and uses corresponding monitoring means to monitor the working status of the prototype slope according to the monitoring indicators; the model slope monitoring method is carried out according to the same monitoring indicators and monitoring locations as the prototype slope, but the size of the monitoring equipment selected is a miniature monitoring equipment that matches the model, and the environmental monitoring indicators of the model slope are obtained by proportional conversion of the environmental indicators of the prototype slope actually monitored on-site.

[0010] Furthermore, the analysis, evaluation and feedback adjustment include proportionally converting the model slope monitoring indicators and comparing them with the prototype slope monitoring indicators, analyzing and evaluating the differences between the two systems, adjusting the model system, and repeating the above steps until the two sets of indicators are consistent.

[0011] An indoor twin slope physical model test method comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Comprehensively evaluate the slope stability based on the hydrogeological conditions and on-site environment of the prototype slope project. Select appropriate monitoring indicators based on the slope geological conditions and stability analysis results. Use corresponding monitoring methods to monitor the working status of the prototype slope according to the monitoring indicators.

[0013] Step 2: Determine and configure similar materials for the slope model after comparing and converting the rock and soil material parameters provided by the prototype slope survey; and construct the model slope by layered filling in a certain geometric proportion to the prototype slope;

[0014] Step 3: Monitor the model slope using the same monitoring indicators and monitoring locations as the prototype slope to obtain the monitoring indicators of the model slope;

[0015] Step 4: After the model slope monitoring indicators are proportionally converted, they are compared with the prototype slope monitoring indicators. The differences between the two systems are analyzed and evaluated, and the model system is adjusted. Steps 2 and 3 are repeated until the two sets of indicators are consistent. At this point, it is considered that the indoor simulated slope model reflects the on-site prototype slope.

[0016] Step 5: Indoor environmental simulation is achieved by converting the prototype slope environmental indicators actually monitored on site into the proportions determined in step 4 and applying them to the model slope. At this point, a set of indoor model slope systems that are twins of the on-site prototype slope are established through the above method.

[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the method of establishing an indoor twin model slope proposed in the present invention achieves 100% twinning of the on-site prototype slope to the indoor model slope. Combined with the current advanced meteorological forecasting methods, adverse climatic conditions such as future rainfall and earthquakes can be applied to the model slope in advance to achieve advanced simulation of model slope disasters, thereby realizing the prediction and prejudgment of the operating status of the prototype slope. The present invention can identify the deformation of geological disasters on the slope at an early stage. At the same time, since monitoring equipment is installed on site, the evolution law of geological disasters such as slopes and landslides can be grasped through analysis of monitoring data, providing first-hand basic data for later disaster prevention and treatment, which is of great significance to the current research on geological disaster mechanisms and prevention and control technologies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the system and method for establishing an indoor twin slope physical model test. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following is a further detailed description of an indoor twin slope physical model test system and method of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0020] Example:

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, an indoor twin slope physical model test system and method are characterized by including: a field prototype system 1, an indoor model system 2, a monitoring method 3, analysis and evaluation 4 and mutual feedback adjustment 5.

[0022] The field prototype system 1 includes a field prototype slope 101, its hydrogeological conditions and environmental conditions 102 (rainfall, earthquake, etc.), wherein the field prototype slope and its environment are to be monitored on site according to the slope geological conditions and stability analysis results.

[0023] The indoor model system 2 includes two parts: an indoor model slope 201 and a simulated environment 202 in which the slope model similar material is determined and configured after converting the material similarity ratio with the rock and soil material parameters provided by the prototype slope survey;

[0024] The monitoring method 3 includes a prototype slope monitoring method 301 and a model slope monitoring method 302, wherein the prototype slope monitoring method comprehensively evaluates the slope stability based on the hydrogeological conditions and on-site environment of the prototype slope project, selects appropriate monitoring indicators 301a based on the slope geological conditions and stability analysis results, and uses corresponding monitoring means 301b to monitor the working status of the prototype slope based on the monitoring indicators 301b.

[0025] The model slope monitoring method 302 is performed according to the same monitoring indicators and monitoring locations as the prototype slope, but the monitoring equipment in the monitoring means 302a is a miniature monitoring device that matches the model. The environmental monitoring indicators 302b of the model slope are obtained by converting the prototype slope environmental indicators 301a actually monitored on site through similar proportions.

[0026] The analysis and evaluation 4 and the mutual feedback adjustment 5. The model slope monitoring index 302b is converted to a similar ratio and compared with the prototype slope monitoring index 301b. The analysis and evaluation 4 shows that there are differences between the two systems. The model slope system 2 is subjected to mutual feedback adjustment 5. The above steps are repeated until the two sets of indicators are consistent. The specific steps are as follows:

[0027] Step 1: Comprehensively evaluate the slope stability based on the hydrogeological conditions and on-site environment 102 of the prototype slope project 101, select appropriate monitoring indicators 301a based on the slope geological conditions and stability analysis results, and use corresponding monitoring methods 301b to monitor the working status 103 of the prototype slope 101 based on the monitoring indicators 301a.

[0028] Step 2: Determine and configure similar materials for the slope model after converting the rock and soil material parameters provided by the survey of the prototype slope 101 according to the similarity ratio; and make the model slope 201 by layered filling according to a certain geometric similarity ratio with the prototype slope.

[0029] Step 3: Monitor the model slope 201 according to the same monitoring indicators 301b and monitoring locations as the prototype slope 101 to obtain monitoring indicators 302b of the model slope.

[0030] Step 4: After converting the model slope monitoring index 302b to a similar proportion, compare it with the prototype slope monitoring index 301b, analyze and evaluate 4 the differences between the two systems, perform feedback adjustment 5 on the model system, repeat steps 2 and 3 until the two sets of indicators can match, and it is considered that the indoor simulated slope model 201 can now reflect the on-site prototype slope 101.

[0031] Step 5: The indoor environment 202 simulation is performed by converting the prototype slope environment 102 actually monitored on site into the model slope 2 using the similarity ratio finally determined in step 4. At this point, a set of indoor model slope system 2 that is twinned with the on-site prototype slope system 1 is established through the above method.

[0032] There is a loess slope on a certain highway with a height of 20m, a grade 3 slope, a length of 50m, a slope ratio of 1:0.75, and an annual precipitation of 450mm. In the summer from June to August, the precipitation is highly concentrated and there are many heavy rains, accounting for more than 60% of the annual precipitation.

[0033] It is necessary to perform indoor model slope twinning on this loess slope. First, the meteorological and hydrogeological data of the slope area are investigated, and the geological survey data of the slope rock and soil are consulted to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of the actual slope rock and soil. The slope stability is comprehensively evaluated based on the hydrogeological conditions and on-site environment of the prototype slope project. Based on the slope geological conditions and stability analysis results, three monitoring indicators are selected: slope surface deformation, deep lateral deformation of the slope, and rainfall. The slope surface deformation is monitored using GNSS. Two GNSSs are installed in the middle of the slope along the route direction on the first and second platforms. The deep lateral deformation of the slope is monitored using automatic inclinometers installed after drilling. A 15m hole is drilled on the third platform, and seven inclinometers are installed at 2m intervals. Rainfall is monitored using a tipping bucket rain gauge.

[0034] The similar materials of the slope model are determined and configured after the similarity ratio conversion of the rock and soil material parameters provided by the prototype slope survey. The material similarity ratio is 1:1.5. The model slope is made by layered filling according to a certain geometric similarity ratio with the prototype slope. The geometric similarity ratio is 1:20. The model slope is 1m high and 2.5m long.

[0035] Surface deformation and deep displacement of the model slope were monitored at the same locations on the model slope. Surface deformation was measured using a 3D laser scanner, while deep deformation was measured using a series of micro-displacement meters. Rainfall simulation was performed using a dedicated rainfall simulation system, with a rain gauge specifically designed for this system. Adjustable lighting and humidification equipment were also installed to simulate lighting, temperature, and humidity. The model slope monitoring indicators were converted to similar proportions and compared with those of the prototype slope. Any discrepancies between the two systems were analyzed and evaluated, and adjustments were made to the model system. Steps 2 and 3 were repeated until the two sets of indicators matched. At this point, the indoor slope model simulation was considered to reflect the prototype slope.

[0036] The prototype slope environmental indicators (rainfall, temperature, humidity, light, etc.) monitored on site are converted into similar proportions determined in step 4 and then applied to the model slope to simulate the indoor environment. At this point, a set of indoor model slope systems that are twins of the on-site prototype slope are established through the above method.

[0037] Compared with existing technologies, the method for establishing an indoor twin slope model proposed in this invention achieves 100% twinning of the on-site prototype slope to the indoor model slope. Combined with current advanced meteorological forecasting methods, adverse climate conditions such as future rainfall and earthquakes can be applied to the model slope in advance, enabling advanced simulation of model slope disasters and thus prediction and prejudgment of the prototype slope's operating status. This method allows for early identification of slope deformation due to geological hazards. Furthermore, due to the on-site installation of monitoring equipment, analysis of monitoring data can reveal the evolutionary patterns of slope-landslide geological hazards, providing first-hand basic data for subsequent disaster prevention and treatment. This method is of great significance to the current research on geological hazard mechanisms and prevention and control technologies.

[0038] The examples of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention, and should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for establishing an indoor twin slope physical model, wherein the method achieves 100% twinning of the field prototype slope to the indoor model slope, and the method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Comprehensively assess the slope stability based on the hydrogeological conditions and on-site environment of the prototype slope project. Select appropriate monitoring indicators based on the slope geology and stability analysis results. Use corresponding monitoring methods to monitor the working status of the prototype slope. Three monitoring indicators are selected based on the slope geology and stability analysis results: surface deformation, deep lateral deformation of the slope, and rainfall. Step 2: Determine and configure similar materials for the slope model after converting the rock and soil material parameters provided by the prototype slope survey. The material similarity ratio is 1:1.

5. The model slope is constructed by layered filling according to a certain geometric ratio with the prototype slope. The geometric similarity ratio is 1:

20. Step 3: Monitor the model slope using the same monitoring indicators and monitoring locations as the prototype slope to obtain the monitoring indicators of the model slope; Step 4: After the model slope monitoring indicators are converted into similar proportions, they are compared with the prototype slope monitoring indicators, and the differences between the two systems are analyzed and evaluated. The model system is adjusted, and steps 2 and 3 are repeated until the two sets of indicators are consistent. It is considered that the slope model simulated indoors reflects the prototype slope on site. Among them, the model slope monitoring indicators are converted into similar proportions, and then compared with the prototype slope monitoring indicators, and the differences between the two systems are analyzed and evaluated. The model system is adjusted, and steps 2 and 3 are repeated until the two sets of indicators are consistent. The specific process is: after analysis and evaluation, the prototype slope state is obtained, including deformation W3 and force F3, and the prototype slope state is obtained. The model slope state includes a deformation of W1 and a force of F1. The deformation W1 and the force F1 are first converted into deformation W2 and force F2 by similarity ratio, and then the deformation W2 and the force F2 are compared with the deformation W3 and the force F3 respectively. If the deformation W2 and the force F2 are consistent with the deformation W3 and the force F3 respectively after comparison, the indoor twin slope physical model is completed. If the deformation W2 and the force F2 are inconsistent with the deformation W3 and the force F3 respectively after comparison, the simulation plan is adjusted and steps 2 and 3 are repeated until the model slope state after similarity ratio conversion is consistent with the prototype slope state. Step 5: Indoor environmental simulation is to apply the prototype slope environmental indicators actually monitored on site to the model slope after conversion using the similarity ratio determined in step 4. At this point, a set of indoor model slope systems that are twins of the on-site prototype slope system is established through the above method. Among them, the on-site prototype slope system includes the on-site prototype slope, its hydrogeological conditions and environmental conditions; the indoor model slope system includes the indoor model slope and its simulated environment; the prototype slope environmental indicators include rainfall, temperature and humidity, and light.

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