Unloading device and transport system
By designing a multi-stage linkage mechanism in the unloading device, and using driving components to drive the cargo drum to flip and move horizontally, the problems of low unloading efficiency and high cost are solved, and an efficient and low-cost unloading process is achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SF TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2022-04-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing unloading devices have low unloading efficiency and high cost, requiring different power sources for barrel tipping and cargo transfer.
Design a loading and unloading device that uses a multi-stage linkage mechanism on the frame and the cargo drum to drive the telescopic movement of the multi-stage linkage assembly, thereby achieving the flipping and horizontal movement of the cargo drum and directly dumping the goods into a preset container, all using a single power source.
It improves unloading efficiency, reduces costs, avoids secondary transportation, and the same power source is used for tilting and lateral movement of the cargo containers.
Smart Images
Figure CN116923929B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of unloading technology, and in particular relates to an unloading device and a transportation system. Background Technology
[0002] In the logistics and warehousing industry, AGVs or RGVs are often used for material transportation within the workshop. Their basic principle is a bottom-drive system coupled with cargo bins. However, due to limitations imposed by other equipment in the workshop, there is sometimes a distance between the unloading point and the cargo bins. Unloading typically involves first tipping the bins over to dump the goods onto the transport vehicle, then using a chute or other transport mechanism for secondary transport to the container requiring transfer. This process is inefficient, and the tilting of the bins and the transfer of goods to another container require different power sources, resulting in higher costs. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This application provides an unloading device and a transportation system to solve the problems of low unloading efficiency and high cost of existing unloading devices.
[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an unloading device, which includes a frame, a multi-stage linkage mechanism, and a cargo drum with an opening at the top. The frame has a first frame hinge position and a second frame hinge position on the same side plane, and the cargo drum has a first cargo drum hinge position and a second cargo drum hinge position on the same side plane. The multi-stage linkage mechanism includes a drive member and a multi-stage linkage assembly, which is hinged to the first frame hinge position, the second frame hinge position, the first cargo drum hinge position, and the second cargo drum hinge position, respectively. The drive member is mounted on the frame, and its output end is hinged to the multi-stage linkage assembly. The output end of the drive member is telescopically movable to drive the multi-stage linkage assembly to rotate. When the multi-stage linkage assembly rotates, it can cause the cargo drum to flip around the hinge points of the first and second cargo drum hinge positions with the multi-stage linkage assembly and move a preset distance in the horizontal direction.
[0005] Optionally, the cargo container includes a bottom surface, a front surface, a left side plane, a right side plane, and a back surface. The front surface, left side plane, back surface, and right side plane enclose an accommodating space on the bottom surface. The left side plane is arranged opposite to the right side plane, and the multi-stage linkage mechanism is provided on the left side plane and / or the right side plane.
[0006] Optionally, the distance from the first cargo drum hinge position to the bottom surface is greater than the distance from the second cargo drum hinge position to the bottom surface, the distance from the first cargo drum hinge position to the front surface is greater than the distance from the second cargo drum hinge position to the front surface, and the distance from the first frame hinge position to the front surface is greater than the distance from the second frame hinge position to the front surface.
[0007] Optionally, the multi-stage linkage assembly includes a first link, a second link, a third link, and a fourth link. Each of the four links has a first hinge position and a second hinge position at both ends. A third hinge position is located between the first and second hinge positions of the second link, and a fourth hinge position is located between the first and second hinge positions of the third link. The first hinge position of the first link is hinged to the first frame hinge position, and the second hinge position of the first link is hinged to the first hinge position of the second link. The second hinge position of the second link is hinged to the second cargo drum hinge position, and the third hinge position is hinged to... The fourth hinge position; the first hinge position of the third link is hinged to the second frame hinge position, the second hinge position of the third link is hinged to the first hinge position of the fourth link, and the second hinge position of the fourth link is hinged to the first cargo drum hinge position; the output end of the drive member is hinged to the second hinge position of the first link, and the output end of the drive member can extend and retract to drive the first link to rotate around the first hinge position of the first link, so that the first link moves between the initial position and the tilting position. When the first link is in the initial position, the cargo drum is in a flat state, and when the first link is in the tilting position, the cargo drum is in a tilting state.
[0008] Optionally, the distance from the first hinge position to the second hinge position of the first link is L1, and the distance from the first hinge position to the second hinge position of the fourth link is L4, where L4 = L1; the distance from the first hinge position to the third hinge position of the second link is L21, and the distance from the second hinge position to the third hinge position of the second link is L22, where L21 > L22; the distance from the first hinge position to the fourth hinge position of the third link is L31, and the distance from the second hinge position to the fourth hinge position of the third link is L32, where L32 > L31, L32 = L22, and (L21 + L22) > (L31 + L32) > L1.
[0009] Optionally, the first link and the fourth link are both single-segment straight rods, and the third link is a two-segment straight rod; the second link is a two-segment curved rod, and the included angle between the two segments of the two-segment curved rod is α, where 165° < α < 175°.
[0010] Optionally, the driving component is an electric actuator, a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or a linear motor.
[0011] Optionally, the drive unit includes a housing, and the frame is provided with a third frame hinge position, the third frame hinge position is hinged to the housing, the third frame hinge position is located on the side of the second frame hinge position away from the first frame hinge position, when the cargo drum is in a flat state, the output end of the drive unit extends out, and when the cargo drum is in a tilted state, the output end of the drive unit retracts.
[0012] Alternatively, the third frame hinge position is located on the side of the first frame hinge position away from the second frame hinge position. When the cargo drum is in a flat position, the output end of the drive unit retracts, and when the cargo drum is in a tilted position, the output end of the drive unit extends.
[0013] Optionally, the frame is a hollow frame with a clearance opening. When the drum is in a flat position, the drum is housed within the frame; when the drum is in a tilted position, part of the drum moves out of the frame through the clearance opening.
[0014] Optionally, the unloading device further includes a hinge seat, which is detachably mounted on the frame, and both the first frame hinge position and the second frame hinge position are located on the hinge seat.
[0015] Optionally, the opening edge of the cargo drum is provided with an outwardly inclined guide portion, and the angle β between the guide portion and the outer wall of the cargo drum is an obtuse angle.
[0016] Optionally, the multi-stage linkage mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cargo drum; or, the multi-stage linkage mechanism is provided on one side of the two sides of the cargo drum, and a balancing member is provided on the other side, one end of the balancing member is hinged to the cargo drum, and the other end of the balancing member is hinged to and slidably fitted on the frame.
[0017] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a transportation system, the transportation system including a transport vehicle and an unloading device as described in any of the above claims, the unloading device being mounted on the transport vehicle.
[0018] The unloading device provided in this application embodiment has a first frame hinge position and a second frame hinge position on the same side plane of the frame, and a first cargo drum hinge position and a second cargo drum hinge position on the same side plane of the cargo drum. The multi-stage linkage assembly in the multi-stage linkage mechanism is respectively hinged to the first frame hinge position, the second frame hinge position, the first cargo drum hinge position, and the second cargo drum hinge position. The driving member is set on the frame, and the output end of the driving member is hinged to the multi-stage linkage assembly. So when the output end of the driving member moves in extension and retraction, it can drive the multi-stage linkage assembly to rotate, which in turn can drive the cargo drum to flip around the hinge point between the first cargo drum hinge position and the second cargo drum hinge position and the multi-stage linkage assembly and move a preset distance in the horizontal direction. This realizes that the goods in the cargo drum can be directly poured into the preset container without secondary transportation to the preset container through a chute or other transportation mechanism, which effectively improves the unloading efficiency. Moreover, the flipping and translation of the cargo drum share the same power source, which helps to reduce costs. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0020] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of the unloading device provided in an embodiment of this application, wherein the cargo drum is in a horizontal position.
[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Left view of the unloading device shown.
[0023] Figure 3 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the unloading device provided in the embodiments of this application, wherein the cargo barrel is in a tilted state.
[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cargo drum provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0025] Explanation of icon numbers:
[0026] 100, Frame; 110, Clearance opening; 210, First link; 220, Second link; 230, Third link; 240, Fourth link; 250, Drive unit; 300, Drum; 301, First drum hinge position; 302, Second drum hinge position; 310, Opening; 320, Bottom surface; 330, Front; 340, Left side plane; 350, Back; 360, Guide section; 400, Hinge seat. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0028] This application provides an unloading device, such as... Figures 1-4As shown, the unloading device includes a frame 100, a multi-stage linkage mechanism, and a cargo drum 300 with an opening 310 at the top. The frame 100 has a first frame hinge position and a second frame hinge position on the same side plane, and the cargo drum 300 has a first cargo drum hinge position 301 and a second cargo drum hinge position 302 on the same side plane. The multi-stage linkage mechanism includes a drive member 250 and a multi-stage linkage assembly. The multi-stage linkage assembly is hinged to the first frame hinge position, the second frame hinge position, the first cargo drum hinge position 301, and the second cargo drum hinge position 302, respectively. The drive member 250 is mounted on the frame 100, and its output end is hinged to the multi-stage linkage assembly. The output end of the drive member 250 can extend and retract to drive the multi-stage linkage assembly to rotate. When the multi-stage linkage assembly rotates, it can cause the cargo drum 300 to rotate around the hinge points of the first cargo drum hinge position 301 and the second cargo drum hinge position 302 with the multi-stage linkage assembly and move a preset distance in the horizontal direction X.
[0029] The unloading device provided in this application embodiment sets a first frame hinge position and a second frame hinge position on the same side plane of the frame, and a first cargo drum hinge position and a second cargo drum hinge position on the same side plane of the cargo drum. The multi-stage linkage assembly in the multi-stage linkage mechanism is respectively hinged to the first frame hinge position, the second frame hinge position, the first cargo drum hinge position 301, and the second cargo drum hinge position 302. The output end of the drive member 250 of the multi-stage linkage mechanism is hinged to the multi-stage linkage assembly. Thus, when the output end of the drive member 250 moves telescopically, it can drive the multi-stage linkage assembly to rotate, thereby driving the cargo drum 300 to flip around the hinge points of the first cargo drum hinge position 301 and the second cargo drum hinge position 302 with the multi-stage linkage assembly and move a preset distance in the horizontal direction X. This realizes that the goods in the cargo drum 300 can be directly poured into the preset container without secondary transportation to the preset container through a chute or other transportation mechanism, which effectively improves the unloading efficiency. Moreover, the flipping and translation of the cargo drum share the same power source, which is beneficial to reducing costs.
[0030] To make the container 300 more stable when it is tilted and to reduce or even avoid the shaking when it is tilted, a multi-stage linkage mechanism can be symmetrically arranged on both sides of the container 300; or, a multi-stage linkage mechanism can be provided on one side of the container 300 and a balancing component can be provided on the other side. One end of the balancing component is hinged to the container 300, and the other end of the balancing component is hinged and slidably fitted on the frame 100. During the process of the container 300 being tilted and translated by the multi-stage linkage mechanism, the balancing component rotates around the hinge point between itself and the frame 100 and the container 300, and the end of the balancing component that is hinged to the frame 100 slides on the frame 100.
[0031] like Figures 1-3 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the frame 100 is a hollow frame with a clearance opening 110, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when the drum 300 is in a flat position, it is housed within the frame. When the drum 300 is tilted, it moves forward a predetermined distance along the horizontal direction X relative to its flat position, causing part of the drum 300 to move outside the frame 100 from the clearance opening 110. By setting the frame 100 as a hollow frame, the hollow frame can form a limiting space, ensuring that the drums 300 on it maintain a certain distance from adjacent drums 300 or other equipment, thus preventing them from colliding or interfering with each other.
[0032] like Figures 1-3 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the multi-stage linkage assembly includes a first link 210, a second link 220, a third link 230, and a fourth link 240. Each of the four links 210, 220, 230, and 240 has a first hinge position and a second hinge position at both ends. Specifically, the first link 210 has a first hinge position and a second hinge position at both ends, the second link 220 has a first hinge position and a second hinge position at both ends, the third link 230 has a first hinge position and a second hinge position at both ends, and the fourth link 240 has a first hinge position and a second hinge position at both ends. A third hinge position is located between the first and second hinge positions of the second link 220, and a fourth hinge position is located between the first and second hinge positions of the third link 230. Specifically, the first hinge position of the first link 210 is hinged to the first frame hinge position, and the second hinge position of the first link 210 is hinged to the first hinge position of the second link 220; the second hinge position of the second link 220 is hinged to the second cargo drum hinge position 302, and the third hinge position is hinged to the fourth hinge position; the first hinge position of the third link 230 is hinged to the second frame hinge position, and the second hinge position of the third link 230 is hinged to the first hinge position of the fourth link 240, and the second hinge position of the fourth link 240... The first cargo container is hinged at hinge position 301; the output end of the drive member 250 is hinged at the second hinge position of the first link 210. The output end of the drive member 250 can extend and retract to drive the first link 210 to rotate around the first hinge position of the first link 210, so that the first link 210 moves between the initial position and the tilting position. When the first link 210 is in the initial position, the cargo container 300 is in a flat state. When the first link 210 is in the tilting position, the cargo container 300 is in a tilting state.
[0033] It is understandable that by hinged to the first hinge position of the first link 210 in the multi-stage linkage assembly, the second hinge position of the first link 210 is hinged to the first hinge position of the second link 220, the second hinge position of the second link 220 is hinged to the second cargo drum hinge position 302, and the third hinge position of the second link 220 is hinged to the fourth hinge position of the third link 230; the first hinge position of the third link 230 is hinged to the second frame hinge position, the second hinge position of the third link 230 is hinged to the first hinge position of the fourth link 240, and the fourth hinge position of the fourth link 240 is hinged to the second cargo drum hinge position 302. The first cargo drum hinge 301 is hinged at the second hinge position; and the output end of the drive member 250 is hinged to the second hinge position of the first link 210. So when the output end of the drive member 250 moves in extension and retraction, it can drive the first link 210 to rotate around the first hinge position of the first link 210, so that the first link 210 moves between the initial position and the tilting position, and then can drive the cargo drum 300 to flip around its hinge point with the second link 220 and the fourth link 240 and move a preset distance in the horizontal direction X, so as to realize the tilting of the cargo drum 300 and its movement in the horizontal direction X.
[0034] Specifically, when the first link 210 is in its initial position, the container 300 is in a horizontal position. When the first link 210 is in the tilting position, the container 300 is tilted at an angle greater than 100° to completely empty the contents. Furthermore, the tilted container 300 moves forward a predetermined distance horizontally (X) compared to its horizontal position, allowing the contents to be directly transferred to a pre-defined container without the need for secondary transport via a chute or other means. In other words, the multi-stage linkage assembly can provide a large range of displacement during the container 300's large tilting angle, enabling long-distance tilting and direct unloading of the contents into another container.
[0035] In some embodiments of this application, the distance from the first hinge position to the second hinge position of the first link 210 is L1, and the distance from the first hinge position to the second hinge position of the fourth link 240 is L4, where L4 = L1; the distance from the first hinge position to the third hinge position of the second link 220 is L21, and the distance from the second hinge position to the third hinge position of the second link 220 is L22, where L21 > L22; the distance from the first hinge position to the fourth hinge position of the third link 230 is L31, and the distance from the second hinge position to the fourth hinge position of the third link 230 is L32, where L32 > L31, L32 = L22, and L21 + L22 > L31 + L32 > L1. In the two hinged positions, both hinge positions can be provided as hinge holes and hinged via a pivot; alternatively, one hinge position can be a pivot structure, and the other hinge position can be a hinge hole. When both hinge points of the same connecting rod are set as hinge holes, the distance between the two hinge points of the same connecting rod is the distance between the centers of the two hinge holes; when one of the two hinge points of the same connecting rod is set as a hinge hole and the other is set as a rotating shaft structure, the distance between the two hinge points of the same connecting rod is the distance from the center of the hinge hole to the center line of the rotating shaft. For example, the effective travel of the output end of the drive unit 250 is 250mm, L1 = 160mm, L4 = 160mm, L21 = 210mm, L22 = 170mm, L31 = 150mm, and L32 = 170mm. Experimental verification shows that the tilting angle of the cargo drum 300 can be greater than 100°, and the cargo drum 300 can move 0.4m when tilted.
[0036] Optionally, the first link 210 and the fourth link 240 are both single-segment straight rods, and the third link 230 is a two-segment straight rod; the second link 220 is a two-segment curved rod, with the included angle between the two segments of the curved rod being α, where 165° < α < 175°. For example, α can be 165°, 168°, 170°, 172°, or 175°. The use of a two-segment curved rod in the second link 220 allows for a wider range of tilting angles for the container 300 compared to a two-segment straight rod.
[0037] In some embodiments of this application, the drive unit 250 includes a housing, and a third frame hinge position is provided on the frame 100. The third frame hinge position facilitates the mounting of the drive unit 250 on the frame 100. Optionally, the third frame hinge position is hinged to the housing, and the third frame hinge position is located on the side of the second frame hinge position away from the first frame hinge position. When the drum 300 is in a flat position, the output end of the drive unit 250 extends, and when the drum 300 is in a tilted position, the output end of the drive unit 250 retracts; or, the third frame hinge position is located on the side of the first frame hinge position away from the second frame hinge position. When the drum 300 is in a flat position, the output end of the drive unit 250 retracts, and when the drum 300 is in a tilted position, the output end of the drive unit 250 extends. For example, in conjunction with... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first frame is hinged to the left of the second frame hinge, and the third frame is hinged to the side of the second frame hinge away from the first frame hinge (i.e., to the right of the second frame hinge). When the cargo drum 300 is in a flat position, the output end of the drive unit 250 extends out (e.g., Figure 2 As shown in Figure 3), when the drum 300 is in a tilted state, the output end of the drive unit 250 retracts.
[0038] Optionally, the drive unit 250 can be an electric push rod, a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or a linear motor, preferably an electric push rod. Electric push rods are small in size, have high precision, and are directly driven by a motor, eliminating the need for a pipeline air source or oil circuit. When the drive unit 250 is an electric push rod, the push rod is hinged to a multi-stage linkage assembly. When the push rod extends or retracts, it drives the multi-stage linkage assembly to rotate, thereby causing the cargo drum 300 to rotate around the hinge points of the first cargo drum hinge position 301 and the second cargo drum hinge position 302 with the multi-stage linkage assembly and move a preset distance in the horizontal direction X, so as to directly pour the goods in the cargo drum 300 into a preset container. When the drive unit 250 is a hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or linear motor, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or linear motor is hinged to a multi-stage linkage assembly. When the piston rod extends or retracts, it will drive the multi-stage linkage assembly to rotate, which in turn will cause the cargo drum 300 to rotate around the hinge points of the first cargo drum hinge position 301 and the second cargo drum hinge position 302 with the multi-stage linkage assembly and move a preset distance in the horizontal direction X, so as to realize the direct pouring of the goods in the cargo drum 300 into the preset container.
[0039] like Figures 1-3As shown, when the driving component 250 is an electric push rod, and the multi-stage linkage assembly includes a first link 210, a second link 220, a third link 230, and a fourth link 240, the push rod of the electric push rod is hinged to the second hinge position of the first link 210. When the push rod extends or retracts, it will drive the first link 210 to rotate around the first hinge position of the first link 210, so that the first link 210 moves between the initial position and the tilting position, thereby driving the cargo container 300 to move a preset distance and flip around its hinge point with the second link 220 and the fourth link 240, thereby achieving a larger tilting angle and a larger displacement of the cargo container 300. When the drive component 250 is a hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or linear motor, and the multi-stage linkage assembly includes a first linkage 210, a second linkage 220, a third linkage 230, and a fourth linkage 240, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or linear motor is hinged to the second hinge position of the first linkage 210. When the piston rod extends or retracts, it drives the first linkage 210 to rotate around its first hinge position, causing the first linkage 210 to move between its initial position and its tilting position. This, in turn, causes the container 300 to move a preset distance and flip around its hinge point with the second linkage 220 and the fourth linkage 240, achieving a larger tilting angle and greater displacement for the container 300. Specifically, in conjunction with... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in Figure 2 In the middle, the first link 210 is in the initial position; as Figure 3 As shown, when the first link 210 moves from the initial position to the tilting position, the first link 210 rotates clockwise by a preset angle around the first hinge position of the first link 210, the second link 220 rotates clockwise by a preset angle around the first hinge position of the second link 220, the third link 230 moves to the upper right by a first preset distance, and the fourth link 240 moves to the upper right by a second preset distance. The second preset distance is greater than the first preset distance, causing the cargo drum 300 to move to the right by a preset distance and rotate clockwise around its hinge point with the second link 220 and the fourth link 240.
[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the cargo container 300 includes a bottom surface 320, a front surface 330, a left side plane 340, a right side plane, and a back surface 350. The front surface 330, left side plane 340, back surface 350, and right side plane enclose an accommodating space on the bottom surface 320. The left side plane 340 is disposed opposite to the right side plane, and a multi-stage linkage mechanism is provided on the left side plane 340 and / or the right side plane. Specifically, the clearance opening 110 on the frame 100 is disposed on one side of the front surface 330 of the corresponding cargo container 300.
[0041] Optionally, a multi-stage linkage mechanism can be provided only on the left plane 340 or the right plane; or a multi-stage linkage mechanism can be provided on both the left plane 340 and the right plane, with the multi-stage linkage mechanisms on the left plane 340 and the right plane arranged symmetrically, such as... Figure 1 As shown.
[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the distance from the first cargo drum hinge position 301 to the bottom surface 320 is greater than the distance from the second cargo drum hinge position 302 to the bottom surface 320; the distance from the first cargo drum hinge position 301 to the front surface 330 is greater than the distance from the second cargo drum hinge position 302 to the front surface 330; and the distance from the first frame hinge position to the front surface 330 is greater than the distance from the second frame hinge position to the front surface 330. Therefore, when the first link 210 moves between the initial position and the tilting position, the multi-stage linkage assembly can drive the cargo drum 300 to move a preset distance in the horizontal direction X and rotate around its hinge point with the second link 220 and the fourth link 240, achieving a larger tilting angle and a larger displacement of the cargo drum 300. For example, from... Figure 2 and Figure 4 From the perspective of the container, the front 330 of the container 300 is on the right side of the container 300, the first container hinge position 301 is to the upper left of the second container hinge position 302, and the first frame hinge position is to the left of the second frame hinge position.
[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the opening 310 of the container 300 is provided with an outwardly inclined guide portion 360, and the angle β between the guide portion 360 and the outer wall of the container 300 is an obtuse angle. By providing the guide portion 360 with the above-described structure, the goods inside the container 300 can slide accurately from the opening 310 of the container 300 along the guide portion 360 to the target position when the container 300 is tilted. For example, when it is necessary to pack the express package inside the container 300 into a packing bag, as the container 300 is tilted, the express package inside the container 300 can slide more accurately from the opening 310 of the container 300 along the guide portion 360 into the packing bag.
[0044] like Figures 1-3 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the unloading device further includes a hinge seat 400, which is detachably mounted on the frame 100. Both the first frame hinge position and the second frame hinge position are located on the hinge seat 400. It is understood that after prolonged use, the hinge joint between the frame 100 and the multi-stage linkage assembly may suffer severe wear, requiring replacement of the frame 100, resulting in high costs and inconvenient maintenance. However, by detachably mounting the hinge seat 400 on the frame 100 and hinged it to the multi-stage linkage assembly, the connection between the frame 100 and the multi-stage linkage assembly can be achieved. When the hinge joint between the hinge seat 400 and the multi-stage linkage assembly suffers severe wear, only the hinge seat 400 needs to be removed and replaced with a new one, without replacing the entire frame 100, saving costs and making maintenance more convenient.
[0045] Specifically, when the multi-stage linkage assembly includes a first link 210, a second link 220, a third link 230, and a fourth link 240, the first hinge position of the first link 210 is connected to the first frame hinge position on the hinge seat 400, and the first hinge position of the third link 230 is connected to the second frame hinge position on the hinge seat 400.
[0046] The following is based on Figures 1-3 Taking the unloading device shown as an example, the working principle of the unloading device provided in this application embodiment will be explained. The multi-stage linkage assembly includes a first linkage 210, a second linkage 220, a third linkage 230, and a fourth linkage 240. The driving component 250 is an electric push rod.
[0047] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the initial position, the first link 210 is in the horizontal position, and the container 300 is in a flat position. The push rod of the electric push rod is in the extended position. When it is necessary to empty the contents of the container 300, the push rod of the electric push rod retracts, driving the first link 210 to rotate around the first hinge position of the first link 210 to the tilting position. Due to the hinge relationship between the first link 210, the second link 220, the third link 230, and the fourth link 240, the second link 220, the third link 230, and the fourth link 240 will rotate with the first link 210. Under the action of the first link 210, the second link 220, the third link 230, and the fourth link 240, the container 300 completes the flipping, flipping to the tilting position, and moves a preset distance in the horizontal direction X relative to the horizontal position, so that part of the container 300 moves from the clearance opening 110 to outside the frame 100 (e.g., Figure 3 As shown in the figure, at this time, the goods in the drum 300 can slide out along the inner wall of the drum 300, so that the goods in the drum 300 can be directly unloaded into the preset container.
[0048] It is understood that the unloading device provided in this application embodiment is a loading module as a whole, which has strong portability and can be transferred to any field with the same usage scenario, not limited to the logistics and warehousing field.
[0049] This application also provides a transportation system, which includes a transport vehicle and an unloading device as described in any of the above embodiments. The unloading device is mounted on the transport vehicle via a frame 100, and the transport vehicle moves the unloading device together, enabling large-scale operations. Optionally, the transport vehicle can be an AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) or an RGV (Rail Guided Vehicle).
[0050] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.
[0051] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.
[0052] The unloading device and transportation system provided in the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
Claims
1. A loading and unloading device, characterized in that, It includes a frame (100), a multi-stage linkage mechanism and a cargo tank (300) with an opening (310) at the top. The frame (100) has a first frame hinge position and a second frame hinge position on the same side plane. The cargo tank (300) has a first cargo tank hinge position (301) and a second cargo tank hinge position (302) on the same side plane. The multi-stage linkage mechanism includes a drive component (250) and a multi-stage linkage assembly, which is respectively hinged to the first frame hinge position, the second frame hinge position, the first cargo drum hinge position (301) and the second cargo drum hinge position (302). The drive unit (250) is mounted on the frame (100). The output end of the drive unit (250) is hinged to the multi-stage linkage assembly. The output end of the drive unit (250) can extend and retract to drive the multi-stage linkage assembly to rotate. When the multi-stage linkage assembly rotates, it can cause the cargo drum (300) to rotate around the hinge points of the first cargo drum hinge position (301) and the second cargo drum hinge position (302) with the multi-stage linkage assembly and move a preset distance in the horizontal direction. The multi-stage linkage assembly includes a first link (210), a second link (220), a third link (230), and a fourth link (240). The first link (210), the second link (220), the third link (230), and the fourth link (240) are respectively provided with a first hinge position and a second hinge position at both ends. A third hinge position is provided between the first hinge position and the second hinge position of the second link (220), and a fourth hinge position is provided between the first hinge position and the second hinge position of the third link (230). The first hinge position of the first link (210) is hinged to the first frame hinge position, and the second hinge position of the first link (210) is hinged to the first hinge position of the second link (220); the second hinge position of the second link (220) is hinged to the second cargo drum hinge position (302), and the third hinge position is hinged to the fourth hinge position; the first hinge position of the third link (230) is hinged to the second frame hinge position, the second hinge position of the third link (230) is hinged to the first hinge position of the fourth link (240), and the second hinge position of the fourth link (240) is hinged to the first cargo drum hinge position (301); The distance from the first hinge position to the second hinge position of the first link (210) is L1, and the distance from the first hinge position to the second hinge position of the fourth link (240) is L4, where L4 = L1; The distance from the first hinge position to the third hinge position of the second link (220) is L21, and the distance from the second hinge position to the third hinge position of the second link (220) is L22, where L21 > L22; The distance from the first hinge position to the fourth hinge position of the third link (230) is L31, and the distance from the second hinge position to the fourth hinge position of the third link (230) is L32, L32>L31, L32=L22, (L21+L22)>(L31+L32)>L1; The first link (210) and the fourth link (240) are both single-segment straight rods, and the third link (230) is a two-segment straight rod; the second link (220) is a two-segment curved rod, and the included angle between the two segments of the two-segment curved rod is α, 165°<α<175°; When the first link (210) is in the initial position, the container (300) is in a flat position; when the first link (210) is in the tilting position, the container (300) is in a tilting position and the tilting angle is greater than 100°.
2. The unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage linkage mechanism is symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the cargo drum (300); Alternatively, one side of the cargo drum (300) is provided with the multi-stage linkage mechanism, and the other side is provided with a balancing member. One end of the balancing member is hinged to the cargo drum, and the other end of the balancing member is hinged and slidably fitted on the frame.
3. The unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cargo container (300) includes a bottom surface (320), a front surface (330), a left side plane (340), a right side plane, and a back surface (350). The front surface (330), the left side plane (340), the back surface (350), and the right side plane form an accommodating space on the bottom surface (320). The left side plane (340) is arranged opposite to the right side plane. The multi-stage linkage mechanism is provided on the left side plane (340) and / or the right side plane.
4. The unloading device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance from the first cargo drum hinge position (301) to the bottom surface (320) is greater than the distance from the second cargo drum hinge position (302) to the bottom surface (320), the distance from the first cargo drum hinge position (301) to the front surface (330) is greater than the distance from the second cargo drum hinge position (302) to the front surface (330), and the distance from the first frame hinge position to the front surface (330) is greater than the distance from the second frame hinge position to the front surface (330).
5. The unloading device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The output end of the drive member (250) is hinged to the second hinge position of the first connecting rod (210). The output end of the drive member (250) can extend and retract to drive the first connecting rod (210) to rotate around the first hinge position of the first connecting rod (210) so that the first connecting rod (210) moves between the initial position and the tilting position. When the first connecting rod (210) is in the initial position, the cargo drum (300) is in a flat state. When the first connecting rod (210) is in the tilting position, the cargo drum (300) is in a tilting state.
6. The unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit (250) is an electric push rod, a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or a linear motor.
7. The unloading device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The drive unit (250) includes a housing, and the frame (100) is provided with a third frame hinge position. The third frame hinge position is hinged to the housing. The third frame hinge position is located on the side of the second frame hinge position away from the first frame hinge position. When the cargo drum (300) is in a flat position, the output end of the drive unit (250) extends out. When the cargo drum (300) is in a tilted position, the output end of the drive unit (250) retracts. Alternatively, the third frame hinge position is located on the side of the first frame hinge position away from the second frame hinge position. When the cargo drum (300) is in a flat position, the output end of the drive unit (250) retracts, and when the cargo drum (300) is in a tilted position, the output end of the drive unit (250) extends.
8. The unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (100) is a hollow frame with a clearance opening (110). When the drum (300) is in a flat position, the drum (300) is housed in the frame. When the drum (300) is in a tilted position, part of the drum (300) moves from the clearance opening (110) to outside the frame (100).
9. The unloading device according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that, The unloading device also includes a hinge seat (400), which is detachably mounted on the frame (100), and the first frame hinge position and the second frame hinge position are both located on the hinge seat (400).
10. The unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening (310) edge of the cargo drum (300) is provided with a ring of outwardly inclined guide portion (360), and the angle β between the guide portion (360) and the outer wall of the cargo drum (300) is an obtuse angle.
11. A transportation system, characterized in that, The transport system includes a transport vehicle and an unloading device as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, the unloading device being mounted on the transport vehicle.