Mechanical automatic lubricating device for excavator

Abstract

The application discloses a mechanical automatic lubricating device for excavator, which comprises a shaft seat and a pin shaft which are matched with each other, the shaft seat comprises a shaft pipe which is symmetrically provided with two fan-shaped supports at two ends, and the inner cavity of the shaft pipe is provided with two automatic lubricating devices, the automatic lubricating device comprises a sleeve, the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with helical blades and spring sheets, the rotation directions of the helical blades in the two sleeves are opposite, the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with a plurality of oil holes which are communicated with the helical blades, the helical blades can drive the lubricating grease to make one-way movement to the two ends of the shaft pipe, the middle part of the pin shaft is provided with a ratchet which is matched with the spring sheet, and the automatic lubricating device can only rotate in one direction relative to the pin shaft through cooperation; the lubricating grease in the oil storage cavity can be effectively used to lubricate the bushing and the pin shaft, the occurrence of faults caused by insufficient lubrication, such as pin shaft wear and axial sleeve jump, is reduced, and the service life and overall performance of the excavator are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of excavator lubrication, and more specifically to a mechanical automatic lubrication device for excavators. Background Technology

[0002] During operation, excavators experience frequent rotation at various hinge points, including the boom and stick. Grease must be applied between the pins and bushings at each hinge point to reduce wear. However, prolonged high-load operation and improper operator handling can lead to excessive lateral forces and insufficient lubrication at the hinge points, easily causing pin wear, axial displacement, and deformation of structural components, resulting in various forms of failure of the boom and stick.

[0003] Currently, the lubrication system used at various hinge points of excavators mainly includes pins, bearing seats, and bushings at both ends. See also Figure 8 The bushing and the bearing are fixed together by an interference fit, and there is a clearance between the bushing and the pin. Grease enters between the bushing and the pin through the oil filling hole on the bearing and the oil passage, forming a stable lubricating oil film between the bushing and the pin. At the same time, grease can also be added to the oil reservoir of the bearing through the grease nipple, and the grease in the oil reservoir will replenish the grease on both sides of the bushing for lubrication.

[0004] In actual lubrication processes, due to the high viscosity of grease, it is difficult for the grease in the oil reservoir to flow to the bushing area, and the grease in the cavity cannot be effectively utilized. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanical automatic lubrication device for excavators, which can effectively utilize the grease in the oil reservoir to lubricate the bushings and pins, reducing the occurrence of pin wear, axial sleeve displacement, and other faults caused by insufficient lubrication, thereby improving the service life and overall performance of the excavator.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a mechanical automatic lubrication device for excavators, comprising mutually compatible bearing seats and pins. The bearing seat includes a shaft tube with two fan-shaped supports symmetrically arranged at both ends. The inner cavity of the shaft tube is provided with two automatic lubrication devices. Each automatic lubrication device includes a sleeve through which the pin passes. The inner wall of the sleeve is provided with helical blades and spring plates. The helical blades in the two sleeves rotate in opposite directions. The outer wall of the sleeve is provided with several oil holes. The helical blades can drive grease to move unidirectionally to both ends of the shaft tube. The middle part of the pin is provided with ratchet teeth that are adapted to the spring plates. The spring plates cooperate with the ratchet teeth on the pin so that the automatic lubrication device can only rotate in one direction relative to the pin.

[0008] Preferably, the inner cavity of the fan-shaped support is provided with a bushing adapted to the pin, and the fan-shaped support is provided with an oiling hole communicating with its inner cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the outer wall of the automatic lubrication device is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the shaft tube, the middle part of the shaft tube is provided with a boss step for axial positioning of the automatic lubrication device, and the middle part of the shaft tube is provided with an oil hole communicating with its inner cavity for injecting grease into the oil storage cavity space between the two automatic lubrication devices.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a mounting boss for fixing the spring sheet, and the spring sheet is fixed to the mounting boss by bolts.

[0011] Preferably, the maximum outer diameter of the ratchet is lower than the outer diameter of the pin. After the pin is installed, the spring sheet is selected as a torsion spring sheet, and the end of the spring sheet contacts the ratchet.

[0012] Preferably, the spring sheet is replaced with a pawl structure having the same unidirectional limiting function.

[0013] Preferably, when the pin rotates counterclockwise, the spring sheet is bounced off by the ratchet surface, and the automatic lubrication device has no relative movement to the pin;

[0014] When the pin rotates clockwise, the end of the spring plate inserts into the root of the ratchet, pushing the automatic lubrication device to rotate clockwise accordingly. The spiral blades inside the automatic lubrication device drive the grease to move in one direction, that is, to move towards both ends. The ratchet causes the automatic lubrication device to produce a unidirectional rotation effect.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This device uses a spiral blade rotation method to continuously deliver grease to both ends, solving the problem of high viscosity and poor flow of grease in the oil reservoir of the prior art; the rotation direction at each hinge point of the excavator includes both lifting and lowering movements, and the movement directions are opposite in these two cases. To ensure that the automatic lubrication device always rotates in the same direction around the pin, a ratchet structure is adopted; this device can effectively utilize the grease in the oil reservoir to lubricate the bushing and pin, reducing the occurrence of pin wear, axial sleeve displacement and other failures caused by insufficient lubrication, and improving the service life and overall performance of the excavator. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mechanical automatic lubrication device for an excavator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bearing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the automatic lubrication device and the bearing seat provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic lubrication device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pin shaft provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Sectional view along line AA;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the spring plate and ratchet provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a lubrication system in the prior art.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0026] 1. Shaft seat; 1-1. Sector support; 1-3. Shaft tube; 2. Pin; 2-1. Racket; 3. Bushing; 4. Automatic lubrication device; 4-1. Sleeve; 4-2. Spring plate; 4-3. Helical blade; 1-3. Shaft tube. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, an excavator mechanical automatic lubrication device includes a bearing seat 1 and a pin 2 that are adapted to each other. The bearing seat 1 includes a shaft tube 1-3 with two fan-shaped supports 1-1 symmetrically arranged at both ends. The inner cavity of the shaft tube 1-3 is provided with two automatic lubrication devices 4. The automatic lubrication device 4 includes a sleeve 4-1 through which the pin 2 can pass. The inner wall of the sleeve 4-1 is provided with a helical blade 4-3 and a spring plate 4-2. The helical blades 4-3 in the two sleeves 4-1 rotate in opposite directions. The outer wall of the sleeve 4-1 is provided with several oil holes. The helical blades 4-3 can drive the grease to move unidirectionally to both ends of the shaft tube 1-3. The middle part of the pin 2 is provided with a ratchet 2-1 that is adapted to the spring plate 4-2. The spring plate 4-2 and the ratchet 2-1 on the pin 2 cooperate to make the automatic lubrication device 4 rotate only in one direction relative to the pin 2.

[0029] The inner cavity of the fan-shaped support 1-1 is provided with a bushing 3 that is adapted to the pin 2, and the fan-shaped support 1-1 is provided with an oil hole that connects to its inner cavity.

[0030] The outer wall of the automatic lubrication device 4 is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the shaft tube 1-3. The middle part of the shaft tube 1-3 is provided with a boss step for axial positioning of the automatic lubrication device 4. The middle part of the shaft tube 1-3 is provided with an oil hole that connects to its inner cavity, for injecting grease into the oil storage cavity space between the two automatic lubrication devices 4.

[0031] The inner wall of the sleeve 4-1 is provided with a mounting boss for fixing the spring plate 4-2, and the spring plate 4-2 is fixed to the mounting boss by bolts. The two spring plates 4-2 have the same twist direction, which facilitates the installation of the pin 2.

[0032] The maximum outer diameter of the ratchet 2-1 is lower than the outer diameter of the pin 2. After the pin 2 is installed, the spring plate 4-2 is a torsion spring plate, and the end of the spring plate 4-2 contacts the ratchet 2-1.

[0033] The spring plate 4-2 is replaced with a pawl structure that has the same unidirectional limiting function.

[0034] When the pin 2 rotates counterclockwise, the spring plate 4-2 is pushed away by the surface of the ratchet 2-1, and the automatic lubrication device 4 has no relative movement to the pin 2.

[0035] When the pin 2 rotates clockwise, the end of the spring plate 4-2 is inserted into the root of the ratchet 2-1, which pushes the automatic lubrication device 4 to move clockwise accordingly. The spiral blade 4-3 inside the automatic lubrication device 4 drives the grease to move in one direction, that is, to move towards both ends. The ratchet 2-1 causes the automatic lubrication device 4 to produce a unidirectional rotation effect.

[0036] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A mechanical automatic lubricating device for excavator, comprising a shaft seat (1) and a pin shaft (2) which are adapted to each other, characterized in that: The shaft seat (1) comprises two end symmetrical shaft tubes (1-3) provided with two fan-shaped supports (1-1), the inner cavity of the shaft tube (1-3) is provided with two automatic lubricating devices (4), the automatic lubricating device (4) comprises a sleeve (4-1) capable of being penetrated by a pin shaft (2), the inner wall of the sleeve (4-1) is provided with a spiral blade (4-3) and a spring sheet (4-2), the rotation directions of the spiral blades (4-3) in the two sleeves (4-1) are opposite, the outer wall of the sleeve (4-1) is provided with a plurality of oil holes, the spiral blade (4-3) can drive the lubricating grease to move unidirectionally to the two ends of the shaft tube (1-3), the middle part of the pin shaft (2) is provided with a ratchet (2-1) matched with the spring sheet (4-2), and the spring sheet (4-2) and the ratchet (2-1) on the pin shaft (2) are matched to enable the automatic lubricating device (4) to rotate only in one direction relative to the pin shaft (2).

2. A mechanical automatic lubricating device for excavator as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The inner cavity of the fan-shaped support (1-1) is provided with a bushing (3) matched with the pin shaft (2), and the fan-shaped support (1-1) is provided with an oil hole communicating with the inner cavity thereof.

3. An excavator mechanical automatic lubricating device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the automatic lubricating device (4) is gap-fitted with the inner wall of the shaft tube (1-3), the middle part of the shaft tube (1-3) is provided with a boss step for axially positioning the automatic lubricating device (4), and the middle part of the shaft tube (1-3) is provided with a middle oil hole communicating with the inner cavity thereof, for injecting lubricating grease into the oil storage cavity space between the two automatic lubricating devices (4).

4. A mechanical automatic lubricating device for an excavator as set forth in claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the sleeve (4-1) is provided with a mounting boss for fixing the spring sheet (4-2), and the spring sheet (4-2) is fixed on the mounting boss by bolts.

5. A mechanical automatic lubricating device for an excavator as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The maximum outer diameter of the ratchet (2-1) is lower than the outer diameter of the pin shaft (2), after the pin shaft (2) is installed, the spring sheet (4-2) is selected as a torsional spring sheet, and the end of the spring sheet (4-2) is in contact with the ratchet (2-1).

6. A mechanical automatic lubricating device for excavator as claimed in claim 4 wherein: The spring sheet (4-2) is replaced by a ratchet structure having the same one-way limiting function.

7. A mechanical automatic lubricating device for excavator as claimed in claim 5 wherein: When the pin shaft (2) rotates counterclockwise, the spring sheet (4-2) is bounced off the surface of the ratchet (2-1), and the automatic lubricating device (4) has no relative movement relative to the pin shaft (2); When the pin shaft (2) rotates clockwise, the end of the spring sheet (4-2) is inserted into the root of the ratchet (2-1), and the automatic lubricating device (4) is correspondingly pushed to rotate clockwise, the spiral blade (4-3) in the automatic lubricating device (4) drives the lubricating grease to move unidirectionally, i.e. to move to the two ends, and the ratchet (2-1) enables the automatic lubricating device (4) to rotate unidirectionally.

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