A water distributor
By mechanically adjusting the water distribution nozzle structure and utilizing the sliding of the inner and outer sliding sleeves to adjust the three injection holes, the reliability problem of the electrically driven water distribution nozzle is solved, flexible water injection volume control is achieved, and the needs of most water injection wells are met.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DAQING QINGKAI MASCH EQUIP MFG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing water distributors with electrically driven nozzles suffer from problems such as cable wear, open circuits, short circuits, and battery deformation and damage, resulting in unstable operation and poor reliability.
It adopts a mechanical adjustment water nozzle structure, which realizes the adjustment of the three injection hole specifications by sliding the inner and outer sliding sleeves. The size of the hole is changed by mechanical push and pull, thus avoiding the use of electric drive components.
It achieves flexible adjustment of three injection holes, is simple to operate and has a high success rate, meets the stratified water injection needs of most water injection wells, and avoids many problems of electrically driven water distribution nozzles.
Smart Images
Figure CN224550088U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of oilfield downhole tool technology, and in particular relates to a water distributor. Background Technology
[0002] A water distributor is a specialized downhole tool used for stratified water injection operations in the oil extraction field. It mainly consists of a water distribution body, a water nozzle, a nozzle body, a gland, and a sealing ring. When used in conjunction with a packer, this tool allows for water injection into different oil layers under the same bottom hole pressure. Its core function is to achieve stratified water distribution. It is widely used in the tubing string of combined injection wells, controlling the injection volume of each water injection zone by adjusting the size of the water nozzle.
[0003] The existing water distributors are basically electrically driven for adjusting the water nozzles. The electric drive requires the cable and drive component to be lowered through the tubing string; or the battery and drive component are pre-installed in the water distributor and the drive component is controlled by remote control. Regardless of the method, the electric drive has many drawbacks, such as leakage, open circuit or short circuit in the well after the cable wears down, and deformation, damage or water ingress of the battery after being subjected to high pressure at the bottom of the well. Utility Model Content
[0004] To avoid the many problems of electrically driven water nozzles, this utility model discloses a water distributor with mechanical adjustment of the water nozzle. This utility model has a three-position injection hole specification for use, which meets the usage needs of most water injection wells.
[0005] The technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows: A water distributor, structurally comprising an outer shell, an outer sliding sleeve slidably sealed on the inner side of the outer shell, and an inner sliding sleeve slidably sealed on the inner side of the outer sliding sleeve. The lower part of the inner sliding sleeve slidably seals with the outer shell, and there is an annular space between the lower part of the inner sliding sleeve and the outer shell. The upper outer side of the inner sliding sleeve has a circumferentially non-closed locking ring made of spring steel sheet, which tends to expand outward relative to the inner sliding sleeve. The outer side of the locking ring has ratchet teeth, and the inner side of the corresponding outer sliding sleeve also has ratchet teeth. After the locking ring and the outer sliding sleeve are engaged by the ratchet teeth, the locking ring limits the upward movement of the outer sliding sleeve, while the outer sliding sleeve limits the downward movement of the locking ring, and subsequently limits the downward movement of the inner sliding sleeve. The inner sliding sleeve has a first-stage flow passage A and a second-stage flow passage on its side wall, and the outer shell has a first-stage flow passage B and a third-stage flow passage on its side wall. In the initial state, the first-stage flow passage B is located below the outer sliding sleeve, and the third-stage flow passage is blocked by the outer sliding sleeve. The first-stage flow passage A and the second-stage flow passage are located below the outer sliding sleeve. Injected water can reach the first-stage flow passage B through both the first-stage flow passage A and the second-stage flow passage. The flow areas of the first-stage flow passage B and the first-stage flow passage A are equal, so under constant injection pressure, the injection volume is proportional to the flow area of the first-stage flow passage B. When the inner sliding sleeve slides upward, the first-stage flow passage A can be blocked by the outer sliding sleeve. At this time, the injected water can only reach the first-stage flow passage B through the second-stage flow passage. Since the second-stage flow passage is smaller than the first-stage flow passage B, under constant injection pressure, the injection volume is proportional to the flow area of the second-stage flow passage. In a further state, the inner and outer sliding sleeves slide down simultaneously, leaking out the third-stage flow passage and blocking the first-stage flow passage B.
[0006] A further technical solution is that the flow area of the first-stage flow pore A is greater than the flow area of the second-stage flow pore, and the flow area of the second-stage flow pore is greater than the flow area of the third-stage flow pore.
[0007] A further technical solution is: the upper inner side of the outer casing has a step, and the outer sliding sleeve and the inner sliding sleeve can respectively abut against the step.
[0008] A further technical solution is: an upper connector is connected to the upper end of the outer shell, and a lower connector is connected to the lower end of the outer shell, with the lower connector abutting against the upper end of the inner sliding sleeve.
[0009] A further technical solution is that a shear pin is provided between the outer shell and the outer sliding sleeve.
[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0011] 1. This utility model achieves the adjustment of the specifications of the three injection holes by sliding the inner and outer sliding sleeves. The sliding of the sliding sleeves in this utility model is achieved entirely by mechanical pushing and pulling, without the need for an electric drive component, thus avoiding many problems of electric drive water nozzles.
[0012] 2. The adjustment method of this utility model is relatively simple, easy to operate and has a high success rate.
[0013] 3. The three-level water injection volume adjustment meets the stratified water injection needs of most ordinary water injection wells. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention when water is injected through the first-stage flow passage A.
[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention when water is injected through the second-stage flow passage.
[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention when water is injected through the third-stage flow passage.
[0017] In the diagram: 1. Upper connector; 2. Scissor pin; 3. Third-stage flow passage; 4. Outer casing; 5. Outer sliding sleeve; 6. First-stage flow passage B; 7. Lower connector; 8. Inner sliding sleeve; 9. Second-stage flow passage; 10. First-stage flow passage A; 11. Locking ring; 12. Ratchet. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0019] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the present invention includes an outer shell 4, an outer sliding sleeve 5 is provided on the inner side of the outer shell 4, and an inner sliding sleeve 8 is provided on the inner side of the outer sliding sleeve 5. The lower part of the inner sliding sleeve 8 is slidably sealed with the outer shell 4, and there is an annular space between the lower part of the inner sliding sleeve 8 and the outer shell 4. The annular space allows the second-stage flow passage 9 and the first-stage flow passage A10 to not strictly correspond one-to-one with the pore positions of the first-stage flow passage B6.
[0020] The upper outer side of the inner sliding sleeve 8 has a circumferential non-closed locking ring 11 made of spring steel sheet. The locking ring 11 has an outward expansion tendency relative to the inner sliding sleeve 8. Under the restriction of the outer sliding sleeve 5, the outward expansion of the locking ring 11 in this utility model can only abut against the outer sliding sleeve 5. The outer side of the locking ring 11 has ratchet 12, and the inner side of the corresponding outer sliding sleeve 5 also has ratchet 12. After the locking ring 11 and the outer sliding sleeve 5 are engaged by the ratchet 12, the locking ring 11 limits the upward movement of the outer sliding sleeve 5, while the outer sliding sleeve 5 limits the downward movement of the locking ring 11, and then limits the downward movement of the inner sliding sleeve 8.
[0021] The inner sleeve 8 has a first-stage flow passage A10 and a second-stage flow passage 9 on its side wall, and the outer casing 4 has a first-stage flow passage B6 and a third-stage flow passage 3 on its side wall. The flow areas of the gaps between the first-stage flow passage A10 and the first-stage flow passage B6 are the same.
[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, in the initial state, the first-stage flow passage B6 is located below the outer sliding sleeve 5, and the third-stage flow passage 3 is blocked by the outer sliding sleeve 5; the first-stage flow passage A10 and the second-stage flow passage 9 are located below the outer sliding sleeve 5. The injected water can reach the first-stage flow passage B6 through both the first-stage flow passage A10 and the second-stage flow passage 9. Under constant injection pressure, the injection volume is proportional to the flow area of the first-stage flow passage B6.
[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, when it is necessary to reduce the flow area of the injection orifice, a mechanical tool lowered from the center of the tubing is used to lift the inner sleeve 8 (the tool is stuck on the lower end face of the inner sleeve 8, and the inner sleeve 8 is lifted). The inner sleeve 8 slides upward until... Figure 2 After the position shown, the first-stage flow passage A10 is blocked by the outer sliding sleeve 5. At this time, the injected water can only reach the first-stage flow passage B6 through the second-stage flow passage 9. Since the second-stage flow passage 9 is smaller than the first-stage flow passage B6, the injection volume is proportional to the flow area of the second-stage flow passage 9 when the injection pressure is constant.
[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, in the later stage of water injection, when it is necessary to further reduce the flow area of the injection orifice, the inner sliding sleeve 8 is pushed down using a mechanical tool lowered from the center of the tubing (the mechanical tool pushes down from the upper end of the inner sliding sleeve 8). Under the action of the locking ring 11, the inner sliding sleeve 8 and the outer sliding sleeve 5 move down together, opening the third flow orifice, and the outer sliding sleeve 5 blocks the first flow orifice B. The injected water can only pass through the third-stage flow orifice 3. Under constant injection pressure, the injection volume is proportional to the flow area of the third-stage flow orifice 3.
[0025] In this embodiment, the flow area of the first-stage flow-through orifice A10 is equal to that of the first-stage flow-through orifice B6 and is both greater than the flow area of the second-stage flow-through orifice 9. Therefore, even if Figure 1 In this embodiment, the first-stage flow passage A10 and the second-stage flow passage 9 flow simultaneously, but the final injection volume is only related to the flow area of the first-stage flow passage B6. The flow area of the second-stage flow passage 9 is larger than that of the third-stage flow passage 3. This creates a three-stage injection system, with each stage catering to different injection phases in the well. For example, the first-stage flow passage B6 meets the initial injection phase when the injection volume is high; the second-stage flow passage 9 meets the mid-injection phase when the injection volume is moderate; and the third-stage flow passage 3 meets the final injection phase when the injection volume is low. This embodiment has a three-level injection volume adjustment function, which can meet the injection needs of most wells. However, for injection operations requiring extremely precise injection volume, this embodiment cannot meet the requirements.
[0026] In this embodiment, the first-stage flow passage A10, the first-stage flow passage B6, the second-stage flow passage 9, and the third flow passage are all cuts, except that the width and length of the cuts in the first-stage flow passage B6, the second-stage flow passage 9, and the third flow passage are different.
[0027] The upper inner side of the outer casing 4 has a step, and the outer sliding sleeve 5 and inner sliding sleeve 8 can respectively abut against the step. When the inner sliding sleeve 8 is lifted, it will not slide upward after abutting against the step of the outer casing 4. The upper end of the outer casing 4 is connected to the upper connector 1, and the lower end of the outer casing 4 is connected to the lower connector 7, which abuts against the upper end of the inner sliding sleeve 8. The inner sliding sleeve 8 and the outer sliding sleeve 5 will not slide downward after sliding down to abut against the lower connector 7. The step of the outer casing 4 and the lower end of the lower connector 7 have a good limiting effect on the lifting and lowering of the inner sliding sleeve 8 in this embodiment, making the operation of this embodiment more convenient and significantly reducing the error rate.
[0028] A shear pin 2 is provided between the outer shell 4 and the outer sliding sleeve 5. The function of the shear pin 2 is to prevent the following in this embodiment: Figure 2 A more stable state is achieved, avoiding [the situation where]... Figure 2 It accidentally slid during the process.
[0029] In summary, this utility model achieves the adjustment of the specifications of the three-position injection hole through the sliding of the inner sliding sleeve 8 and the outer sliding sleeve 5. The sliding of the sliding sleeve in this utility model is achieved entirely by mechanical pushing and pulling, without the need for an electric drive component, thus avoiding many problems of electric drive water nozzles.
Claims
1. A water distributor, comprising an outer casing (4), characterized in that: The inner side of the outer casing (4) is provided with an outer sliding sleeve (5), and the inner side of the outer sliding sleeve (5) is provided with an inner sliding sleeve (8). The lower part of the inner sliding sleeve (8) is in sliding seal with the outer casing (4). The upper outer side of the inner sliding sleeve (8) is provided with a circumferential non-closed locking ring (11). The outer side of the locking ring (11) is provided with ratchet teeth (12). Correspondingly, the inner side of the outer sliding sleeve (5) is also provided with ratchet teeth (12). After the locking ring (11) and the outer sliding sleeve (5) are engaged by the ratchet teeth (12), the locking ring (11) limits the upward movement of the outer sliding sleeve (5), while the outer sliding sleeve (5) limits the downward movement of the locking ring (11). The inner sliding sleeve (8) has a first-stage flow passage A (10) and a second-stage flow passage A (10) on its side wall. The outer casing (4) has a first-stage flow passage (B) (6) and a third-stage flow passage (3) on its side wall. In the initial state, the first-stage flow passage (B) (6) is located below the outer sliding sleeve (5), and the third-stage flow passage (3) is blocked by the outer sliding sleeve (5). The first-stage flow passage (A) (10) and the second-stage flow passage (9) are located below the outer sliding sleeve (5). In a further state, the inner sliding sleeve (8) slides upward and the first-stage flow passage (A) (10) can be blocked by the outer sliding sleeve (5). In an even further state, the inner sliding sleeve (8) and the outer sliding sleeve (5) slide down simultaneously to expose the third-stage flow passage (3) and block the first-stage flow passage (B) (6).
2. A water distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow area of the first-stage flow pore A (10) is greater than that of the second-stage flow pore (9), and the flow area of the second-stage flow pore (9) is greater than that of the third-stage flow pore (3).
3. A water distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper inner side of the outer shell (4) has a step, and the outer sliding sleeve (5) and the inner sliding sleeve (8) can respectively abut against the step.
4. A water distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the outer shell (4) is connected to the upper connector (1), and the lower end of the outer shell (4) is connected to the lower connector (7). The lower connector (7) abuts against the upper end of the inner sleeve (8).
5. A water distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shear pin (2) is provided between the outer shell (4) and the outer sliding sleeve (5).