A steam generator

Abstract

The application provides a steam generator, belonging to the technical field of steam generation, which comprises a heat exchange part, an upper header provided with a steam outlet at the top, and a lower header provided with a water inlet at the bottom. The upper header is in annular structure and is communicated with the lower header through a plurality of finned tubes. The upper header is sunken into a combustion chamber, and a vapor-liquid separation plate and a spiral plate are sequentially arranged in the upper header from bottom to top. An open cavity is arranged on the spiral plate. The steam generator can quickly generate high-saturation steam, effectively improving energy efficiency and production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steam generation technology, specifically to a steam generator. Background Technology

[0002] Steam generators are widely used in various industrial fields, such as electronics, machinery, chemicals, food, and clothing. With the development of science and technology and the pursuit of energy conservation, emission reduction, low carbon and environmental protection, steam generating equipment is accelerating towards high efficiency, low emissions and relatively compact once-through fully premixed steam generators. Compared with traditional steam boilers, they produce steam faster, are more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, and do not require installation, inspection and annual boiler review.

[0003] Currently, the saturation of steam produced by cross-flow fully premixed steam generators needs to be further improved. Due to the influence of structural compactness, existing cross-flow fully premixed steam generators use simple steam-water separation plates to separate steam, which has a relatively poor separation effect and a relatively low saturation of steam produced, resulting in relatively low energy efficiency and production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a steam generator to solve the problem of low saturation of water vapor produced in related technologies.

[0005] This invention provides a steam generator, which includes a combustion chamber and a heat exchange section. The heat exchange section includes an upper header with a steam outlet at the top and a lower header with a water inlet at the bottom. The upper header has an annular structure and is connected to the lower header by a plurality of finned tubes. The finned tubes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the upper header and are all located in the combustion chamber. The upper header is sunken into the combustion chamber, and a vapor-liquid separation plate and a spiral plate are arranged sequentially from bottom to top inside the upper header. The spiral plate is connected between the inner and outer walls of the upper header, and at least one side of the spiral plate extends outside the upper header and is located in the combustion chamber. The spiral plate does not completely cover the vapor-liquid separation plate in the vertical direction, and an open cavity is provided on the spiral plate. The opening of the open cavity is located outside the upper header.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the combustion chamber includes a cavity with a connection port at the top, a combustion heating element is disposed at the center of the cavity, the connection port is circular, the upper header includes an annular box and a circular connecting top, the annular box is connected below the connecting top and the axes of the two are on the same vertical line, the connecting top is installed at the connection port, and a connecting cavity is provided in the connecting top, the connecting cavity is provided with an inner opening and an outer opening, the inner opening and the outer opening are respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the upper header.

[0007] In one possible implementation, both sides of the spiral plate extend outside the upper header, and the opening of the open cavity has openings on both sides, with the openings located on the sides of the spiral plate extending to the upper header.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the upper wall of the open cavity extends outward and is offset from the lower wall.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the inner port is connected to a downwardly extending guide port.

[0010] In one possible implementation, both the inner and outer openings are vertically arranged.

[0011] The above-described one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

[0012] 1. A steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention uses a spiral plate and a vapor-liquid separator to perform two separation processes on water vapor and increases the water vapor travel distance. The separation effect is good and the overall structure is simple and compact. The open cavity on the spiral plate allows the spiral plate to be heated, and the increased heating area of ​​the sunken upper header improves the steam saturation. The openings on both sides of the open cavity and the setting of the connecting cavity increase the communication space between the inner and outer cavities, allowing the finned tubes to be heated quickly from both the inner and outer sides, increasing the steam generation speed. Overall, the steam generator can quickly generate high-saturation steam, effectively improving energy efficiency and production efficiency.

[0013] 2. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the spiral surface of the spiral plate facilitates the rapid accumulation and downward flow of liquid, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the separation effect, and thus helps the produced water vapor to maintain a high saturation state for a long time.

[0014] 3. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a steam generator is provided in which the upper wall of the open cavity extends outward and is offset from the lower wall, thereby promoting the upward airflow through the open cavity to heat the spiral plate, which is beneficial to rapidly increase the saturation of water vapor. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the combustion chamber and upper header of a steam generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a steam generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange section of a steam generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral plate and the vapor-liquid separator of a steam generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5This is a cross-sectional view of the annular housing and connecting top of a steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting cavity, inner port, and outer port of a steam generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Combustion chamber; 101. Connection port; 102. Cavity; 103. Combustion heating element; 2. Heat exchange section; 21. Steam outlet; 22. Upper header; 221. Annular box; 222. Connecting top; 223. Connecting cavity; 224. Inner port; 225. Outer port; 226. Guide port; 23. Water inlet; 24. Lower header; 25. Finned tube; 26. Vapor-liquid separation plate; 27. Spiral plate; 28. Open cavity; 3. Inner cavity; 4. Outer cavity; 5. Liquid level metering port; 6. Observation mirror. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described below, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] Please see Figure 1-4 A steam generator includes a combustion chamber 1 and a heat exchange section 2. The heat exchange section 2 includes an upper header 22 with a steam outlet 21 at the top and a lower header 24 with a water inlet 23 at the bottom. The upper header 22 has an annular structure and is connected to the lower header 24 by a plurality of finned tubes 25. Figure 3 As shown, the finned tubes 25 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the upper header 22, and all finned tubes 25 are located within the combustion chamber 1. The upper header 22 sinks into the combustion chamber 1, effectively increasing the heating area of ​​the upper header 22, allowing the water to absorb heat fully, thereby increasing the saturation of water vapor. Furthermore, a vapor-liquid separation plate 26 and a spiral plate 27 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top within the upper header 22. The steam outlet 21 is located above the spiral plate 27. The spiral plate 27 connects between the inner and outer walls of the upper header 22, and the spiral plate 27 does not completely cover the vapor-liquid separation plate 26 in the vertical direction. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, water in the finned tube 25 is heated to generate steam, which enters the upper header 22. It then undergoes primary separation via the vapor-liquid separator 26, followed by secondary separation via the spiral plate 27, before flowing out through the steam outlet 21. This two-stage separation effectively improves the water-vapor separation process and correspondingly increases the steam saturation. Figure 4 As shown, when water vapor passes through the vapor-liquid separation plate 26, the liquid water in it will be deposited on the vapor-liquid separation plate 26, while the gas continues to rise through the holes on the vapor-liquid separation plate 26. When it passes through the spiral plate 27, the water vapor flows along the spiral plate 27, and the liquid inside will adhere to the spiral plate 27. The spiral plate 27 not only increases the travel distance of the water vapor and improves the vapor-liquid separation effect, but also has a simple structure. The combination structure of the spiral plate 27, the vapor-liquid separation plate 26, and the upper header 22 has a high degree of compactness. In addition, the spiral surface of the spiral plate 27 facilitates the rapid accumulation and downward flow of liquid, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the separation effect, and thus helps the produced water vapor to maintain a high saturation state for a long time.

[0025] See Figure 2 and Figure 4 The inner and outer sides of the spiral plate 27 extend through the inner and outer walls of the upper header 22 to the outside of the upper header 22 and are located inside the combustion chamber 1. The spiral plate 27 is provided with an open cavity 28, which is a through cavity with openings on both the inner and outer sides. Figure 2 As shown, the densely distributed finned tubes 25 separate the combustion chamber 1 into an incompletely isolated inner cavity 3 and outer cavity 4. The openings on the inner and outer sides of the open cavity 28 are located in the corresponding inner cavity 3 and outer cavity 4, respectively. The heating airflow in the inner cavity 3 and outer cavity 4 passes through the open cavity 28, causing the spiral plate 27 to be directly heated, promoting the full absorption of heat by the water vapor, further increasing the saturation of the water vapor. In addition, the open cavity 28 increases the flow space between the inner cavity 3 and outer cavity 4, reduces the impact of the densely distributed finned tubes 25 on the heat transfer efficiency between the inner cavity 3 and outer cavity 4, improves the heat transfer efficiency and temperature uniformity between the inner cavity 3 and outer cavity 4, and enables the inner and outer sides of the upper header 22 to be heated quickly and synchronously. This is conducive to increasing the steam generation speed and ensuring the saturation of the generated steam, enabling the steam generator to quickly produce highly saturated steam.

[0026] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The combustion chamber 1 includes a cavity 102 with a connection port 101 at the top. A combustion heating element 103, which is a combustion rod, is disposed at the center of the cavity 102 and is located inside the inner cavity 3. The connection port 101 is circular. The upper header 22 includes an annular box 221 and a circular connecting top 222. The annular box 221 is connected below the connecting top 222 and the axes of the two are on the same vertical line. The connecting top 222 is installed at the connection port 101, and a connecting section is opened inside the connecting top 222. The cavity 223 is provided with an inner opening 224 and an outer opening 225. The inner opening 224 and the outer opening 225 are located on the inner and outer sides of the upper header 22, respectively. Both the inner opening 224 and the outer opening 225 are arc-shaped and vertically arranged. The cavity 223 further increases the communication space between the inner cavity 3 and the outer cavity 4, improves the efficiency of heat transfer and the temperature uniformity between the inner cavity 3 and the outer cavity 4, and enables the finned tube 25 to be heated quickly from both the inner and outer sides of the outer cavity 4 and the inner cavity 3, thereby increasing the speed of steam generation.

[0027] See Figure 4 and Figure 7 The upper wall of the opening of the open cavity 28 extends outward and is offset from the lower wall, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the rising airflow changes direction when it is blocked by the upper wall, which in turn facilitates the rising airflow to flow quickly and fully through the open cavity 28, thus heating the spiral plate 27.

[0028] See Figure 6 The inner port 224 is connected to a downwardly extending guide port 226, which helps to accelerate the heat transfer between the inner cavity 3 and the outer cavity 4 during the initial heating.

[0029] See Figure 1 The top 222 is also connected to a liquid level measuring port 5 and a fire observation mirror 6. The liquid level measuring port 5 is used to detect the liquid level in the upper header 22 and keep track of the liquid level in the upper header 22 in real time. The fire observation mirror 6 is used to observe the combustion of the burner and keep track of the combustion of the burner in real time.

[0030] In embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," "installed," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or a sliding connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steam generator, characterized in that: Including the combustion chamber; The heat exchange section includes an upper header with a steam outlet at the top and a lower header with a water inlet at the bottom. The upper header has an annular structure and is connected to the lower header by a number of finned tubes. The finned tubes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the upper header and are all located in the combustion chamber. The upper header is sunk into the combustion chamber and a vapor-liquid separation plate and a spiral plate are arranged sequentially from bottom to top inside the upper header. The spiral plate is connected between the inner and outer walls of the upper header and at least one side of the spiral plate extends to the outside of the upper header and is located in the combustion chamber. The spiral plate does not completely cover the gas-liquid separation plate in the vertical direction, and the spiral plate is provided with an open cavity, the opening of which is located outside the upper header. The upper header includes an annular box body and a circular connecting top. A connecting cavity is provided inside the connecting top, and an inner opening and an outer opening are provided on the connecting cavity. The inner opening and the outer opening are located on the inner and outer sides of the upper header, respectively.

2. A steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion chamber includes a cavity with a connection port at the top. A combustion heating element is arranged in the center of the cavity. The connection port is circular. An annular box is connected below the connection top, and the axes of the two are on the same vertical line. The connection top is installed at the connection port.

3. A steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the spiral plate extend to the outside of the upper header, and the two sides of the open cavity are openings located on the sides of the spiral plate extending to the upper header.

4. A steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper wall of the open cavity extends outward and is offset from the lower wall.

5. A steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner port is connected to a downward-extending guide port.

6. A steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the inner and outer openings are vertically arranged.

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