A device for local measurement of rill erosion

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of slope erosion measuring equipment, and particularly relates to a rill erosion local measuring device, which comprises a slope simulation frame, a first linear module, a second linear module and a third linear module, the end of the third linear module towards the slope simulation frame is fixedly connected with a tension sensor, and a soil filler is arranged on the tension sensor; the soil filler comprises a frame body, an electric sealing plate is arranged on the frame body; the electric sealing plate comprises a plug plate, the plug plate is obliquely inserted into the frame body, L-shaped support strips are arranged on the two sides of the end of the plug plate away from the frame body, the two L-shaped support strips on the same side of the frame body are arranged in a staggered mode and are inserted into the same gear box, a gear is rotatably connected in the gear box, the gear is engaged with the L-shaped support strips, the gear is located in the middle of the two L-shaped support strips, a motor for driving the gear to rotate is arranged on the gear box, and the motor is fixedly connected with the gear box, so as to solve the technical problem of large measurement error of the traditional erosion groove.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of slope erosion measuring equipment, and particularly relates to a rill erosion local measuring device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rill erosion is the main way of soil erosion on the loess plateau slope farmland, and the produced sediment can reach more than 70% of the total erosion amount of the slope surface, which is an important reason for causing environmental problems such as land degradation and non-point source pollution. The development process of rill erosion is very complex. Under the action of rainfall runoff, rill shapes complex erosion morphology on the slope surface, which has obvious spatio-temporal variation characteristics, and further affects the spatio-temporal variation of the erosion dynamic of the slope runoff, which in turn has an impact on the development process of rill erosion. Therefore, revealing the mechanism of rill morphology evolution is the theoretical basis for the prevention and control of rill erosion on the loess plateau slope farmland. In the simulation experiment of rill erosion, the grid arrangement is closely related to the numerical solution method, and is the key to the numerical solution. Suitable grid arrangement can suppress the numerical error generated in the calculation process. For slope flow calculation, the grid arrangement is directly related to the accuracy and ability of the model to simulate the thin layer water flow on the slope surface.

[0003] The common method for measuring soil erosion in the measuring area is to measure the cross-sectional area and length of the erosion rill, and then calculate the volume of the rill to determine the soil erosion amount (kg / m2) according to the volume and bulk density. However, since the cross-sectional shape and size of the rill is an irregular shape that changes constantly, and the shape of the erosion rill at the same location changes greatly after hydraulic erosion, it is not easy to measure the volume index of the irregular erosion rill manually. The existing method uses simple measuring tools such as a tape measure box, which is not only complex, time-consuming and laborious to operate, but also has unclear boundaries during measurement, which can easily lead to large measurement errors of soil loss in each grid. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a rill erosion local measuring device to solve the technical problem of large measurement error of the traditional erosion rill.

[0005] The present application solves the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0006] A rill erosion local measuring device, comprising a slope simulation frame, first straight line modules are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slope of the slope simulation frame, a second straight line module is commonly arranged on the two first straight line modules, a third straight line module is arranged on the second straight line module, the third straight line module is vertically arranged, a tension sensor is fixedly connected to the end of the slope simulation frame in the direction of the third straight line module, and a soil filler is arranged on the tension sensor.

[0007] The filling device comprises a frame body, the bottom of the frame body is obliquely arranged, the bottom of the frame body is provided with an opening, the top of the frame body is provided with a cover plate, the top of the cover plate is provided with a clamping block matched with a tension sensor, and an electric sealing plate is arranged on the frame body.

[0008] The electric sealing plate comprises a plug plate, the plug plate is obliquely inserted into the frame body, the number of the plug plates is two and the plug plates are symmetrically arranged, the two sides of the end of the plug plate away from the frame body are provided with L-shaped support strips, the two L-shaped support strips on the same side of the frame body are arranged in a staggered manner and are inserted into the same gear box, a gear is rotatably connected in the gear box, the gear is engaged with the L-shaped support strips, the gear is located in the middle of the two L-shaped support strips, and a motor for driving the gear to rotate is arranged on the gear box and is fixedly connected with the gear box.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the application further has the following improvements:

[0010] Further, the bottom of the side wall of the frame body is in the shape of a blade, the inner side of the blade is vertical, and the outer side of the blade is inclined.

[0011] Further, the same controller is used to control the first linear module. The two sliders can move in the same direction at the same time, and the second linear module is prevented from being stuck.

[0012] Further, the top of the cover plate is communicated with a pipe body. The pipe body can be used to add soil into the filling device through the through hole, and the through hole can also be used for ventilation.

[0013] Further, human-shaped stairs are arranged on the two sides of the slope simulation frame. The staff can conveniently walk up and down.

[0014] Further, a guardrail is arranged on the outer side of the human-shaped stairs. The staff is prevented from falling accidentally, and the safety is improved.

[0015] The application has the following advantages: the filling device is conveniently and quickly inserted into the soil of the measured slope by controlling the first linear module, the second linear module and the third linear module, then the motor is controlled to rotate, so that the opening and closing of the plug plate can be controlled, when the plug plate is opened, the soil above the plug plate falls into the simulated slope and fills the fine groove, after the plug plate is closed, the two plug plates are closed again to re-fill the excess soil on the slope into the frame body, the reduction of the soil in the frame body can be calculated according to the change of the front and rear values of the tension sensor, so that the erosion amount of the fine groove erosion can be accurately calculated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The application can be further described by the non-limiting examples shown in the drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the measuring device in the embodiment of the application.

[0018] Figure 2is a structural schematic diagram of the fill-in device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the fill-in device after removing the cover plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the electric sealing plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the L-shaped support strip and the gear in the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the frame body in the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Wherein, 1-slope surface simulation frame, 2-first linear module, 3-second linear module, 4-third linear module, 5-tension sensor, 6-fill-in device, 61-frame body, 62-cover plate, 63-electric sealing plate, 631-plug-in plate, 632-L-shaped support strip, 633-gear box, 634-gear, 635-motor, 64-tube body, 7-stair, 8-rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0025] As Figures 1 to 6 shown

[0026] Embodiment one

[0027] The utility model provides a kind of rill erosion local measurement device, including slope simulation frame 1, slope simulation frame 1 is used to fill simulated loess plateau farmland slope of soil, the upper and lower ends of slope simulation frame 1 are equipped with nylon net for retaining soil, the slope of slope simulation frame 1 both sides is symmetrically provided with first linear module 2, first linear module 2 is fixedly connected with slope simulation frame 1, two first linear module 2 are commonly provided with second linear module 3, the both ends of second linear module 3 are fixed on the slider of two first linear module 2 respectively, second linear module 3 can slide along the slope with the slider of first linear module 2, second linear module 3 is provided with third linear module 4, third linear module 4 is vertically arranged, the slider of third linear module 4 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the slider of second linear module 3, the slider of third linear module 4 is fixed on the slider of second linear module 3, third linear module 4 can slide up and down on the body, the end of third linear module 4 is fixedly connected with tension sensor 5 towards the end of slope simulation frame 1, tension sensor 5 is provided with soil filler 6, the overall weight of soil filler 6 can be measured under the action of tension sensor 5, under the cooperation of first linear module 2, second linear module 3 and third linear module 4, soil filler 6 can be inserted on any grid slope of slope simulation frame 1, and the rill erosion amount of different grid slopes is conveniently tested;

[0028] Soil filler 6 includes frame body 61, filling medium is loaded in frame body 61, frame body 61 is used to insert in slope, the bottom of frame body 61 is obliquely arranged, the slope of the bottom of frame body 61 is consistent with the slope of slope simulation frame 1, the bottom of frame body 61 can be fitted with slope simulation frame 1, the bottom of frame body 61 is provided with opening, filling medium in frame body 61 can directly fall on slope from the opening, the top of frame body 61 is equipped with cover plate 62, the top of cover plate 62 is equipped with clamping block matched with tension sensor 5, frame body 61 is equipped with electric sealing plate 63, electric sealing plate 63 can block filling medium in frame body 61 above opening, the filling medium is soil particle, the soil particle is formed by drying and crushing the soil of loess plateau farmland slope, the soil particle does not need to be cleaned after filling rill, and can be directly left in slope for next rill erosion simulation test;

[0029] The electric sealing plate 63 comprises an insertion plate 631 which is obliquely inserted into the frame body 61, the number of the insertion plate 631 is two and symmetrically arranged, in order to improve the accuracy, the filling medium thickness of the simulated slope surface should be equal to the height of the insertion plate 631 from the bottom of the frame body 61, when the insertion plate 631 is attached to the upper surface of the filling medium slope surface, the bottom of the frame body 61 is just supported on the slope simulation frame 1, the insertion plate 631 is in sliding connection with the frame body 61, the slope of the insertion plate 631 is consistent with the slope of the slope simulation frame 1, the two sides of the end of the insertion plate 631 away from the frame body 61 are provided with L-shaped support strips 632, the two L-shaped support strips 632 on the same side of the frame body 61 are staggered and inserted into the same gear box 633, the gear box 633 is rotatably connected with a gear 634, the gear 634 is in engagement with the L-shaped support strip 632, the gear 634 is located in the middle of the two L-shaped support strips 632, the L-shaped support strip 632 can move linearly under the cooperation of the gear box 633 and the gear 634, so as to drive the insertion plate 631 to move, thereby realizing the function of opening and closing, the gear box 633 is provided with a motor 635 for driving the gear 634 to rotate, the motor 635 is fixedly connected with the gear box 633.

[0030] Specifically, the bottom of the side wall of the frame body 61 is a blade, the inner side of the blade is vertical, and the outer side of the blade is inclined, which facilitates the insertion of the frame body 61 into the slope, and the internal cavity of the frame body 61 is rectangular.

[0031] Specifically, the two sliders on the two first linear modules 2 are controlled by the same controller, and the two sliders move simultaneously and in the same direction, which facilitates the horizontal sliding of the second linear module 3 along the slope simulation frame 1.

[0032] Specifically, the top of the cover plate 62 is communicated with a pipe body 64, and the filling medium can be added to the filling device 6 through the through hole, and the through hole can also be used for ventilation, which facilitates the falling of the filling medium on the slope.

[0033] Specifically, the slope simulation frame 1 is provided with a human-shaped staircase 7 on both sides, which facilitates the walking of the staff and the observation of the filling medium slope.

[0034] Specifically, the outer side of the human-shaped staircase 7 is provided with a guardrail 8, which plays a safety protection role and prevents the staff from accidentally falling.

[0035] Example two

[0036] Compared with example one, the filling medium in the filling device 6 is fine sand, which has higher hardness and is not easy to deform compared with soil, the volume change of the fine sand of the same quality in the filling device 6 and in the fine groove is very small and can be ignored, the measured erosion amount is more accurate, and the disadvantage is that it is not convenient to clean and not convenient for repeated tests.

[0037] Example three

[0038] Compared with the first embodiment, the filling medium in the filling device 6 is iron oxide magnetic particles, which are a kind of particle materials made of iron oxide, have the characteristics of small particle size, light weight, high strength and magnetism, and can be cleaned from the rill by a magnet after being filled into the rill, which can facilitate repeated experiments while ensuring precision, but has the disadvantages of high manufacturing cost and different oxidation.

[0039] The use method of the present application is as follows: the filling medium is filled in the slope simulation frame 1 to perform a simulation rill erosion test, when the rill erosion measurement is needed, the filling device 6 is filled with the filling medium, and the value displayed by the tension sensor 5 is recorded, then the filling device is inserted into the filling medium on the slope to be measured by controlling the first linear module 2, the second linear module 3 and the third linear module 4, the insertion plate 631 is attached above the slope, then the motor 635 is controlled to rotate, the motor 635 drives the gear 634 to rotate, the L-shaped support bar 632 engaged on the gear 634 moves relatively linearly, thereby driving the insertion and extraction movement, the distance between the two insertion plates 631 becomes larger, the filling medium above the insertion plates 631 falls into the simulated slope and fills the rill, then the motor 635 is controlled to rotate reversely, the two insertion plates 631 are closed again to re-fill the excess filling medium on the slope into the frame body 61, finally the third linear module 4 is controlled to extract the filling device 6 from the slope, the value displayed by the tension sensor 5 at this time is recorded, and the difference between the two values is compared, thereby the erosion amount of the rill erosion can be accurately calculated.

[0040] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limited, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the purpose and scope of the present application, which should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application. The technical, shape and structure parts not described in detail in the present application are well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A local measurement device for gully erosion, comprising a slope simulation frame (1), characterized in that: The slope simulation frame (1) has a first straight module (2) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slope. A second straight module (3) is arranged on both first straight modules (2). A third straight module (4) is arranged on the second straight module (3). The third straight module (4) is arranged vertically. A tension sensor (5) is fixedly connected to the end of the third straight module (4) facing the slope simulation frame (1). A soil filler (6) is arranged on the tension sensor (5). The backfiller (6) includes a frame (61), the bottom of the frame (61) is inclined, the bottom of the frame (61) is open, the top of the frame (61) is provided with a cover plate (62), the top of the cover plate (62) is provided with a locking block that cooperates with the tension sensor (5), and the frame (61) is provided with an electric sealing plate (63). The electric sealing plate (63) includes an insert plate (631), which is obliquely inserted into the frame (61). There are two insert plates (631) arranged symmetrically. L-shaped support bars (632) are provided on both sides of the end of the insert plate (631) away from the frame (61). The two L-shaped support bars (632) on the same side of the frame (61) are staggered and inserted into the same gearbox (633). A gear (634) is rotatably connected in the gearbox (633). The gear (634) meshes with the L-shaped support bars (632). The gear (634) is located in the middle of the two L-shaped support bars (632). A motor (635) for driving the gear (634) to rotate is provided on the gearbox (633). The motor (635) is fixedly connected to the gearbox (633). The bottom of the side wall of the frame (61) is blade-shaped, with the inner side of the blade being vertical and the outer side of the blade being inclined. The two first linear modules (2) are controlled by the same controller.

2. The fine groove erosion local measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the cover plate (62) is connected to the tube body (64).

3. The fine groove erosion local measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Human-shaped staircases (7) are provided on both sides of the slope simulation frame (1).

4. The fine groove erosion local measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The human-shaped staircase (7) is equipped with a guardrail (8) on its outer side.

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