A method and system for monitoring and early warning of landslides in a stepped hydropower hub group

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cascade hydropower hub group landslide monitoring and early warning method and system, belong to geological disaster monitoring and water conservancy engineering safety field, this method includes using satellite remote sensing technology and hydropower hub group information acquisition equipment obtains landslide topographic information and reservoir water level information;According to landslide topographic information, the dam-break flow of dam-break process is calculated;According to the dam-break flow of dam-break process and reservoir water level information, one-dimensional shallow water equation is used to obtain flood evolution result;According to landslide topographic information, respectively using square grid method and contour method to estimate earthwork, obtain total earthwork;According to total earthwork and dam-break flow in each time step in flood evolution result, calculate the water storage capacity of hydropower hub;According to the water storage capacity of hydropower hub and reservoir water level information, whether to overtop is judged, if yes, issue warning, otherwise, no warning is carried out.The application solves the problem that traditional landslide monitoring method is difficult to comprehensively monitor the landslide around cascade hydropower hub group.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of geological disaster monitoring and hydropower engineering safety, and particularly relates to a landslide monitoring and early warning method and system for a cascade hydropower hub group. BACKGROUND

[0002] A cascade hydropower hub group is a large-scale hydropower engineering system formed by multiple hydropower stations connected to each other, which is of great significance for energy supply. However, since the cascade hydropower hub group is usually built in mountainous or valley areas with complex and variable geological conditions, landslides and other geological disasters become one of the main risks for its safe operation. Landslides not only cause serious damage to the facilities and structures of hydropower stations, but also may lead to the cascade failure of hydropower stations. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe operation of the cascade hydropower hub group, timely monitoring and early warning of landslides and cascade failures become an urgent need.

[0003] The traditional landslide monitoring method mainly relies on ground observation and monitoring stations, which obtains landslide-related data through the installation of sensors, measuring instruments and other means. However, this method has the limitations of limited observation sites and narrow coverage, making it difficult to comprehensively monitor the landslides around the cascade hydropower hub group. In order to overcome the limitations of traditional methods, satellite remote sensing technology is used for landslide monitoring as an effective means. The data obtained by satellite remote sensing technology has the advantages of wide coverage and high temporal and spatial resolution, which can provide comprehensive topographic information and deformation monitoring data. Therefore, it is of great significance to apply satellite remote sensing technology to landslide monitoring of the cascade hydropower hub group.

[0004] In addition, the cascade failure of the cascade hydropower hub group will cause a large amount of water to be released instantaneously, causing floods and water disasters in the surrounding areas. This will endanger the lives and property safety of the residents and personnel along the coast, resulting in casualties and property losses. Disaster relief and post-disaster reconstruction after the disaster require a large amount of resources and time, and if they cannot be handled in a timely and effective manner, it may lead to social unrest and instability. In view of the potential hazards of the cascade failure of the hydropower hub, a real-time updated early warning system can timely discover risks and quickly convey early warning information, assist decision-making and emergency response after determining the risk of cascade failure, and thus help plan disaster management measures, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the entire hydropower hub system.

[0005] In summary, the landslide monitoring system and method for the cascade hydropower hub group based on satellite remote sensing data has important application value in the field of cascade failure monitoring. By using remote sensing technology to obtain comprehensive surface information and combining landslide early warning algorithms for analysis and prediction, comprehensive monitoring and timely early warning of landslides in the cascade hydropower hub group can be achieved, providing effective support and protection for the safe operation of the cascade hydropower hub. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above problems in the prior art, the landslide monitoring and early warning method and system for the cascade hydropower hub group provided by the application solves the problem that the traditional landslide monitoring method cannot comprehensively monitor the landslide conditions around the cascade hydropower hub group.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned application purposes, the application adopts the technical scheme of a landslide monitoring and early warning method for a cascade hydropower hub group, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, acquiring landslide topographic information and reservoir water level information by using satellite remote sensing technology and hydropower hub group information acquisition equipment;

[0009] S2, calculating dam-break flow in a dam-break process according to the landslide topographic information;

[0010] S3, obtaining flood evolution results by using a one-dimensional shallow water equation according to the dam-break flow in the dam-break process and the reservoir water level information;

[0011] S4, respectively using a square grid method and a contour line method to estimate earthwork volume according to the landslide topographic information, and obtaining total earthwork volume;

[0012] S5, calculating hydropower hub storage capacity according to the total earthwork volume and the dam-break flow in each time step in the flood evolution results;

[0013] S6, judging whether to overtop according to the hydropower hub storage capacity and the reservoir water level information, and if yes, issuing an early warning, otherwise, not issuing an early warning.

[0014] The application has the beneficial effect that the method can monitor the landslide conditions around the cascade hydropower hub group in all-weather and multi-direction, and relies on satellite remote sensing technology and hydropower hub group to collect landslide topographic information and reservoir water level information, analyzes the dam-break risk of the cascade hydropower hub by using a warning algorithm, and provides important technical support for the safe operation and disaster prevention and control of the cascade hydropower hub group.

[0015] Further, the expression of the dam-break flow in the dam-break process in the step S2 is:

[0016]

[0017] wherein Q1 is the dam-break flow in the dam-break process, m1, m2 and m3 are flow coefficients, b is weir width, g is gravity acceleration, δ is weir top thickness, H is weir top water head, c1 is upstream weir surface slope influence coefficient, ε1 and ε2 are both contraction coefficients, σ S is a submergence coefficient.

[0018] The above-mentioned further scheme has the beneficial effect that the calculation of the dam-break flow in the dam-break process provides basic data and basis for the landslide monitoring and early warning of the cascade hydropower hub group, and helps to quickly evaluate the rate and scale of flood discharge.

[0019] Further, the expression of the flood evolution result in the step S3 is:

[0020]

[0021] Wherein, Lambda is the flood evolution result; B is the water surface width; Z is the reservoir water level; is the partial derivative symbol; Q2 is the reservoir cross section flow; t is the time; x is the distance along the way; q is the side inflow; alpha is the momentum correction coefficient; A is the cross section area; g is the gravity acceleration; c2 is the Chezy coefficient; R is the cross section hydraulic radius.

[0022] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is that the one-dimensional shallow water equation is used to determine the reservoir dam break process, to judge whether to transmit the early warning information, to provide key information for emergency response and emergency management decision, and to help reduce the continuous dam break loss.

[0023] Further, the step S4 is specifically:

[0024] S401, obtaining the terrain fluctuation average value according to the landslide terrain information;

[0025] S402, according to the terrain fluctuation average value, dividing the reservoir area into a site with terrain fluctuation less than the terrain fluctuation average value and a site with terrain fluctuation not less than the terrain fluctuation average value;

[0026] S403, according to the site with terrain fluctuation less than the terrain fluctuation average value, using the square grid method to estimate the earthwork volume, to obtain the first earthwork volume:

[0027] V1=h*a1*a1

[0028] Wherein, V1 is the first earthwork volume; h is the height difference value of the square grid; a1 is the side length of the square grid;

[0029] S404, according to the site with terrain fluctuation not less than the terrain fluctuation average value, using the contour line method to estimate the earthwork volume, to obtain the second earthwork volume:

[0030] V2=V i +V i+1

[0031] V i =(S i +S i+1 )h1 / 2

[0032] V i+1 =S2*h2 / 3

[0033] Wherein, V2 is the second earthwork volume; V i is the layered earthwork volume; V i+1S i S i+1 S

[0034] S405、according to the first earthwork quantity and the second earthwork quantity, obtaining a total earthwork quantity:

[0035] V=V1+V2

[0036] V is the total earthwork quantity.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the landslide scale is preliminarily determined by calculating the total earthwork quantity, the quantitative information of the landslide earthwork quantity is provided, and the basic data for flood deduction calculation is provided.

[0038] Further, the expression of the armature reservoir capacity in the step S5 is:

[0039]

[0040] W a0 W a W V is the total earthwork quantity; and Δt is the selected time step.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the total reservoir capacity and the reservoir capacity change of each time step are obtained by calculating the armature reservoir capacity, the specific influence of the continuous collapse and the earthwork quantity on the armature reservoir capacity is provided, and the basic data for flood deduction calculation is provided.

[0042] The application provides a cascade hydropower hub group landslide monitoring and early warning system, which comprises a reservoir area landslide monitoring unit, a satellite data receiving unit, a hydropower hub group information acquisition unit, a data processing and analysis unit and a data display and early warning unit.

[0043] The reservoir area landslide monitoring unit is used for acquiring reservoir area landslide monitoring data by using a multi-element meteorological sensor, an inclinometer, a node seismograph, video monitoring and a signal emission box.

[0044] The satellite data receiving unit is used for receiving reservoir area landslide monitoring data by using a high-resolution image receiving module and a laser radar data receiving module, so as to obtain landslide topographic information.

[0045] The hydropower hub group information acquisition unit is used for acquiring reservoir water level information by using a water level measuring instrument or a sensor.

[0046] The data processing and analysis unit is configured to obtain early warning information by using a landslide monitoring and early warning method for the cascade hydropower hub group according to the landslide terrain information and the reservoir water level information.

[0047] The data display and early warning unit is configured to display the early warning information and issue an early warning according to the early warning information.

[0048] The present application has the advantages that the data processing and analysis unit is used to analyze the risk of continuous collapse caused by landslides around the cascade hydropower hub group by using the landslide terrain information and the reservoir water level information, so as to provide real-time and accurate landslide monitoring and continuous collapse early warning information to downstream hydropower stations, and provide important technical support for safe operation and disaster prevention and control of the cascade hydropower hub group. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 The present application has the advantages that the data processing and analysis unit is used to analyze the risk of continuous collapse caused by landslides around the cascade hydropower hub group by using the landslide terrain information and the reservoir water level information, so as to provide real-time and accurate landslide monitoring and continuous collapse early warning information to downstream hydropower stations, and provide important technical support for safe operation and disaster prevention and control of the cascade hydropower hub group.

[0050] Figure 2 The present application has the advantages that the data processing and analysis unit is used to analyze the risk of continuous collapse caused by landslides around the cascade hydropower hub group by using the landslide terrain information and the reservoir water level information, so as to provide real-time and accurate landslide monitoring and continuous collapse early warning information to downstream hydropower stations, and provide important technical support for safe operation and disaster prevention and control of the cascade hydropower hub group.

[0051] Figure 3 The present application has the advantages that the data processing and analysis unit is used to analyze the risk of continuous collapse caused by landslides around the cascade hydropower hub group by using the landslide terrain information and the reservoir water level information, so as to provide real-time and accurate landslide monitoring and continuous collapse early warning information to downstream hydropower stations, and provide important technical support for safe operation and disaster prevention and control of the cascade hydropower hub group.

[0052] Figure 4 The present application has the advantages that the data processing and analysis unit is used to analyze the risk of continuous collapse caused by landslides around the cascade hydropower hub group by using the landslide terrain information and the reservoir water level information, so as to provide real-time and accurate landslide monitoring and continuous collapse early warning information to downstream hydropower stations, and provide important technical support for safe operation and disaster prevention and control of the cascade hydropower hub group.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present application, a landslide monitoring and early warning method for a cascade hydropower hub group includes the following steps: DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The specific embodiments of the present application are described below to facilitate understanding of the present application by those skilled in the art, but it should be clear that the present application is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments, and that any changes within the spirit and scope of the present application as defined by the appended claims are obvious to those skilled in the art, and all inventions utilizing the concept of the present application are within the scope of protection.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] As shown in the drawings, in one embodiment of the present application, a landslide monitoring and early warning method for a cascade hydropower hub group includes the following steps: Figure 1 S1, acquiring landslide terrain information and reservoir water level information by using satellite remote sensing technology and hydropower hub group information acquisition equipment;

[0057]

[0058] ​S2, calculating dam-break flow of dam-break process according to landslide topographic information;

[0059] S3, obtaining flood routing result by using one-dimensional shallow water equation according to dam-break flow of dam-break process and reservoir water level information;

[0060] S4, respectively using square grid method and contour method to estimate earthwork according to landslide topographic information, and obtaining total earthwork;

[0061] S5, calculating hydropower hub storage according to total earthwork and dam-break flow in each time step in flood routing result;

[0062] S6, judging whether to overtop according to hydropower hub storage and reservoir water level information, and issuing early warning if yes, otherwise, not issuing early warning.

[0063] The expression of dam-break flow of dam-break process in step S2 is:

[0064]

[0065] Wherein, Q1 is dam-break flow of dam-break process; m1, m2 and m3 are flow coefficients; b is weir width; g is gravity acceleration; δ is weir top thickness; H is weir top water head; c1 is upstream weir surface slope influence coefficient; ε1 and ε2 are both contraction coefficients; σ S is submergence coefficient.

[0066] In this embodiment, for the data of hydropower hub group information collection unit, it is assumed that the selected hydropower hubs in the study area are arranged in series in the study area, and it is considered that overtopping will lead to dam-break and the river channel is approximated as a prismatic river channel.

[0067] The expression of flood routing result in step S3 is:

[0068]

[0069] Wherein, Λ is flood routing result; B is water surface width; Z is reservoir water level; is partial derivative symbol; Q2 is reservoir cross-sectional flow; t is time; x is distance along the way; q is side inflow; α is momentum correction coefficient; A is flow cross-sectional area; g is gravity acceleration; c2 is Chezy coefficient; R is cross-sectional hydraulic radius.

[0070] The step S4 is specifically:

[0071] S401, obtaining terrain fluctuation average according to landslide topographic information;

[0072] S402, according to the average value of the terrain, the reservoir area is divided into terrain and terrain with terrain less than the average value of the terrain;

[0073] S403, according to the terrain with terrain less than the average value of the terrain, the earthwork volume is estimated by using the square grid method, and the first earthwork volume is obtained:

[0074] V1=h×a1×a1

[0075] Wherein, V1 is the first earthwork volume; h is the height difference value of the square; a1 is the side length of the square;

[0076] S404, according to the terrain with terrain not less than the average value of the terrain, the earthwork volume is estimated by using the contour method, and the second earthwork volume is obtained:

[0077] V2=V i +V i+1

[0078] V i =(S i +S i+1 )h1 / 2

[0079] V i+1 =S2×h2 / 3

[0080] Wherein, V2 is the second earthwork volume; V i is the layered earthwork volume; V i+1 is the top layer earthwork volume; S i is the lower bottom area of the ith layer; S i+1 is the upper bottom area of the ith layer; h1 is the distance between two contours; S2 is the top layer bottom area; h2 is the height difference between the highest contour and the top of the mountain;

[0081] S405, according to the first earthwork volume and the second earthwork volume, the total earthwork volume is obtained:

[0082] V=V1+V2

[0083] Wherein, V is the total earthwork volume.

[0084] In this embodiment, the calculation of the total earthwork volume V relies on the data of the satellite data receiving unit. Square grid method and contour method can be used to estimate the earthwork volume. The square grid method is suitable for the site with small terrain and gentle slope change. The site is divided into several square grids, and the side length can be 5, 10, 20 m, etc. The elevation values of four points are measured at the grid points, and the average value of the four corner elevations is taken as the final calculation value. The difference between the calculation value and the design value is taken as the height difference value of the filling and digging.

[0085] The expression of the water power hub reservoir capacity in the step S5 is:

[0086]

[0087] Wherein, W a0 is the water power hub reservoir capacity; W a is the original reservoir capacity of the dam; is the volume loss coefficient; V is the total earthwork; and Δt is the selected time step.

[0088] Embodiment 2

[0089] The application provides a cascade water power hub group landslide monitoring and early warning system, which comprises a reservoir area landslide monitoring unit, a satellite data receiving unit, a water power hub group information collecting unit, a data processing and analyzing unit and a data display and early warning unit.

[0090] The reservoir area landslide monitoring unit is used for acquiring reservoir area landslide monitoring data by using a multi-element meteorological sensor, an inclinometer, a node seismograph, video monitoring and a signal emission box.

[0091] The satellite data receiving unit is used for receiving reservoir area landslide monitoring data by using a high-resolution image receiving module and a laser radar data receiving module, so as to obtain landslide topographic information.

[0092] The water power hub group information collecting unit is used for acquiring reservoir water level information by using a water level measuring instrument or a sensor.

[0093] The data processing and analyzing unit is used for obtaining early warning information by using a cascade water power hub group landslide monitoring and early warning method according to the landslide topographic information and the reservoir water level information.

[0094] The data display and early warning unit is used for displaying early warning information and issuing early warning according to the early warning information.

[0095] In this embodiment, the system mainly comprises five parts, namely, a reservoir area landslide monitoring unit, a satellite data receiving unit, a water power hub group information collecting unit, a data processing and analyzing unit and a data display and early warning unit. The system aims to realize comprehensive monitoring and timely early warning of cascade water power hub group continuous collapse caused by landslides by using remote sensing technology and combining with early warning algorithms. The main feature of the system is that the system can collect landslide earthwork data and cascade water power hub water level data, simulate dam collapse conditions of each hub through the data processing and analyzing unit, and thus achieve the effect of comprehensive monitoring and early warning.

[0096] The specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0097] The reservoir area landslide monitoring unit monitors the landslide of the mountain on both sides of the reservoir area all day long. Among them, the tiltmeter is used to measure the inclination of the mountain, the node seismograph is used to detect the vibration intensity generated by the landslide, the multi-element weather sensor is used to collect rainfall, temperature, humidity and other indicators, the video monitoring is used to monitor the landslide of the mountain in real time, and the signal transmitting box is used to transmit data signals to the data processing and analysis unit.

[0098] The satellite data receiving unit receives data from satellites through antennas or receiving devices. These data can include remote sensing images, satellite images, lidar data, etc., which provide detailed information about the landslide area, such as terrain, topography, vegetation coverage, soil type, etc. This unit also needs to detect the quality of the received data to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data, including but not limited to data verification, error detection and correction steps, etc., to exclude data errors caused by interference during transmission or reception.

[0099] The water power hub group information collection unit monitors and collects the water level of the cascade water power hub group in real time through water level sensors or hydrological measurement devices. Water level is an important indicator for assessing reservoir storage capacity and water level changes, and is of great significance for judging the risk of continuous collapse.

[0100] The data processing and analysis unit is used to receive data from the reservoir area landslide monitoring unit, satellite data receiving unit and water power hub group information collection unit to simulate and analyze the continuous collapse of the cascade water power hub group under landslide conditions.

[0101] The data display and warning unit receives the data processed by the data processing and analysis unit and visualizes it in the form of charts, curves, maps, etc. Through intuitive charts and visual interfaces, users can intuitively understand the status and trend of the cascade water power hub group. Based on the processed information, corresponding warning information is generated for the possible continuous collapse of the cascade water power hub group. Warning information includes but is not limited to landslide risk level, water power hub group continuous collapse situation, expected occurrence time, potential impact range, etc. to help decision makers and relevant personnel make timely response and adjustment.

[0102] The reservoir area landslide monitoring unit continuously monitors the reservoir area slope all day long, the satellite data receiving unit and the water power hub group information collection unit provide simulation operation data for the data processing and analysis unit, the data display and warning unit generates corresponding warning information according to the operation results, and finally transmits the results to all the hydropower stations at the dam site and downstream.

[0103] In this embodiment, as Figure 2As shown, a landslide monitoring and early warning system for a cascade hydropower hub group includes a reservoir area landslide monitoring unit 1, a satellite data receiving unit 2, a hydropower hub group information acquisition unit 3, a data processing and analysis unit 4, and a data display and early warning unit 5.

[0104] like Figure 3 As shown, the multi-element meteorological sensor 1-1 in the reservoir landslide monitoring unit 1 is used to collect meteorological data around the reservoir area, including but not limited to rainfall, temperature and humidity; the inclinometer 1-2 is used to obtain the inclination degree of the landslide mountain; the nodal seismometer 1-3 is used to obtain the vibration intensity caused by the landslide; the video monitoring 1-4 is used to collect real-time images; and the signal transmission box 1-5 is used to send all data to the data processing and analysis unit 4.

[0105] like Figure 4 As shown, when a landslide occurs between hydropower stations A and B, the reservoir landslide monitoring unit 1 sends meteorological data, vibration intensity, monitoring images, and other data to the data processing and analysis unit 4.

[0106] The satellite data receiving unit 2 receives remote sensing data transmitted by satellite, including but not limited to landslide time, landslide location, and landslide topography. Furthermore, this unit corrects and verifies the received remote sensing data to ensure its accuracy and reliability. Data correction and verification include, but are not limited to, noise removal, image distortion correction, and data missing repair. The corrected and verified data is then transmitted to the data processing and analysis unit 4 of the hydropower station B.

[0107] The hydropower hub information acquisition unit 3 collects water level data of each reservoir in the hydropower hub in real time through water level measuring instruments or sensors, and collects rainfall data in real time through rain gauges or rain sensors, and transmits the collected data to the data processing and analysis unit 4 of hydropower station B.

[0108] The data processing and analysis unit 4 of hydropower station B receives data from reservoir landslide monitoring unit 1, satellite data receiving unit 2, and hydropower hub group information acquisition unit 3, and integrates and preprocesses the data to ensure data consistency and availability. After completing the cascade hydropower hub group's risk assessment, this unit provides real-time and accurate monitoring data and early warning information to the data display and early warning units 5 of hydropower stations B and C.

[0109] The data display and early warning unit 5 generates real-time early warning information and visualizes landslide monitoring data, including water level change trend charts, rainfall statistics charts, and topographic maps, enabling hydropower stations B and C to intuitively understand the situation of the cascade hydropower hub group. Upon receiving early warning information, the data display and early warning unit 5 generates real-time early warning information based on the risk assessment results, such as the early warning level, risk degree, and early warning time.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring and early warning of landslides in a stepped hydropower hub group, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining landslide topographic information and reservoir water level information by using satellite remote sensing technology and water and electricity hub group information collection equipment; S2, calculating dam-break flow in the dam-break process according to the landslide topographic information; the expression of the dam-break flow in the dam-break process in the step S2 is: wherein, is the breach flow for the dam breach process; , and are flow coefficients; is the weir width; is the gravitational acceleration; is the weir crest thickness; is the weir crest head; is the upstream weir face slope influence coefficient; and are contraction measurement coefficients; is the submergence coefficient; S3, obtaining flood evolution results by using one-dimensional shallow water equation according to the dam-break flow in the dam-break process and the reservoir water level information; S4, respectively using the square grid method and the contour line method to estimate earthwork according to the landslide topographic information, and obtaining total earthwork; S5, calculating the water and electricity hub storage capacity according to the total earthwork and the dam-break flow in each time step in the flood evolution results; S6, judging whether to overtop according to the water and electricity hub storage capacity and the reservoir water level information, and issuing a warning if yes, otherwise, not issuing a warning.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The expression of the flood evolution results in the step S3 is: wherein, is the flood routing result; is the water surface width; is the reservoir water level; is the partial derivative sign; is the reservoir cross-section flow; is the time; is the distance along the path; is the side inflow; is the momentum correction coefficient; is the cross-section area of the water; is the acceleration of gravity; is the Chezy coefficient; is the cross-section hydraulic radius.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The step S4 specifically comprises: S401, obtaining an average value of terrain undulation according to the landslide topographic information; S402, dividing the reservoir area into a site with terrain undulation less than the average value of terrain undulation and a site with terrain undulation not less than the average value of terrain undulation according to the average value of terrain undulation; S403, estimating earthwork by using the square grid method according to the site with terrain undulation less than the average value of terrain undulation, and obtaining first earthwork: wherein, is the first earthwork amount; is the difference in height of the square; is the side length of the square; S404, estimating earthwork by using the contour line method according to the site with terrain undulation not less than the average value of terrain undulation, and obtaining second earthwork: wherein, is the second earth volume; is the layer earth volume; is the top layer earth volume; is the first lower base area of the layer; is the first upper base area of the layer; is the distance between two contour lines; is the top layer base area; is the height difference between the highest contour line and the mountain top; S405, obtaining total earthwork according to the first earthwork and the second earthwork: wherein, is the total earth volume.

4. The landslide monitoring and early warning method for the stepped hydropower hub group according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expression of the water and electricity hub storage capacity in the step S5 is: wherein, is the water power hub storage capacity; is the dam original storage capacity; is the volume loss coefficient; is the total earthwork volume; is the selected time step.

5. A landslide monitoring and early warning system for a cascade hydropower hub group using the landslide monitoring and early warning method of any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The system comprises a reservoir area landslide monitoring unit (1), a satellite data receiving unit (2), a water and electricity hub group information collection unit (3), a data processing and analysis unit (4), and a data display and warning unit (5); The reservoir area landslide monitoring unit (1) is used for obtaining reservoir area landslide monitoring data by using a multi-element weather sensor, an inclinometer, a node seismograph, video monitoring and a signal emission box; The satellite data receiving unit (2) is used for receiving reservoir area landslide monitoring data by using a high-resolution image receiving module and a laser radar data receiving module, and obtaining landslide topographic information; The water and electricity hub group information collection unit (3) is used for obtaining reservoir water level information by using a water level measuring instrument or a sensor; The data processing and analysis unit (4) is used for obtaining warning information by using a cascade water and electricity hub group landslide monitoring and warning method according to landslide topographic information and reservoir water level information; The data display and warning unit (5) is used for displaying warning information and issuing a warning according to the warning information.

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