A device for solid-liquid separation of kitchen waste and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a solid-liquid separation device for kitchen waste and its use method, which relates to the technical field of waste treatment. The device includes a housing, a feed bin, a water storage bin, a filter cake collection bin, a primary filtration component, a crushing component and a two-way pressure filtration component. The use method is that kitchen waste enters the interior of the device from the feed bin, and the free liquid is separated through the primary filtration component. The waste is then crushed by the crushing component, and the mixture flows into the compression mechanism. Through the opening and closing mechanism, the mixture can enter the compression space alternately for two-way filtration, thereby improving the filtration speed. Through the control mechanism, the filter cake cleaning mechanism can clean the filter cake in the device. The entire device is in a sealed state to ensure that no odor escapes, reducing the working time, and the cleaning component in the device can ensure that the device will not be blocked, realizing the automation of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment, and particularly relates to a solid-liquid separation device for kitchen waste and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Kitchen waste is a renewable resource generated by people in life. Kitchen waste is rich in water content. After solid-liquid separation, resources such as starch, protein, and water contained in the waste can be reused, thereby protecting water resources. In existing devices, the common solid-liquid separation methods are pressure filtration and centrifugation. However, they have both advantages and disadvantages. In the case of a large amount of kitchen waste, the existing devices cannot have the advantages of both methods at the same time. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a relatively fast device for solid-liquid separation of kitchen waste.

[0003] The Chinese patent application with the publication number CN109648907A discloses a solid-liquid separation device for kitchen waste, which relates to the technical field of waste treatment. There are inlets and outlets on the aggregate cylinder of the device. A gland, an outer cylinder body are installed in the aggregate cylinder. The piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the gland. An inner cylinder body is installed in the outer cylinder body. The cutter shaft is connected to the output shaft of the power device in the inner cylinder body. The cutter shaft has a clearance fit with the upper port of the cavity of the outer cylinder body. A stirring cutter hinged to it is arranged in the window on the upper part of the cutter shaft. A control mechanism is arranged in the cutter shaft. A clutch mechanism is arranged between the inner cylinder body and the outer cylinder body.

[0004] The deficiencies of the above existing technical solutions are as follows: In the above solution, after the solids in the swill are crushed by the power device, the gland is lowered to press the swill, and finally the outer cylinder body and the inner cylinder body are raised to take out the solid filter cake from the device. However, in this solution, because it is in a single-pass pressure filtration state, it still takes time during the processes of taking out the filter cake and feeding again, and the efficiency is low. Moreover, for most devices, manual operations are required to prevent blockage and clean the inside of the device and take out the filter cake, resulting in a large amount of manual work and low automation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a two-way pressure filtration solid-liquid separation device for kitchen waste and a using method thereof, which can shorten the solid-liquid separation time and prevent the escape of odors.

[0006] For the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A device for solid-liquid separation of kitchen waste and its usage method. The device includes a housing, a feeding bin, a water storage bin, a filter cake collection bin, a primary filtration component, a crushing component, and a two-way pressure filtration component. The feeding bin is arranged on the housing. Inside the housing, there are a water storage bin and a filter cake collection bin. Above the water storage bin, there is a primary filtration component. Above the filter cake collection bin, there is a two-way pressure filtration component. Above the two-way pressure filtration component, there is a crushing component. The two-way pressure filtration component includes a compression mechanism, an opening and closing mechanism, a control mechanism, and a filter cake cleaning mechanism. The compression mechanism is used for solid-liquid separation. The opening and closing mechanism is used to adjust the position of the feeding port. The control mechanism is used to control the state of the filter cake cleaning mechanism.

[0008] Further, the crushing component includes a crusher housing, a first motor, a first gear, and crushing rollers. The crusher housing is fixed on the housing. The output shaft of the crusher housing is fixed on the rotating shaft of the crushing rollers. There are two crushing rollers arranged vertically. At one end of the rotating shaft of each crushing roller, a first gear is fixedly installed. The two first gears are meshed. The crushing rollers can crush the kitchen waste.

[0009] Further, the primary filtration component includes a transmission mechanism and a cleaning mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a sealed housing, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a belt, a support, and a first double-threaded rod. The sealed housing is fixed on the housing. There are sieve holes at the bottom of the sealed housing for preliminary separation of moisture. The first bevel gear is fixed on the rotating shaft of the first gear. The first gear is meshed with the first bevel gear. The second bevel gear is rotatably installed on the support. The support is fixed on the housing. The first double-threaded rod is rotatably installed on the sealed housing. The rotating shafts of the first double-threaded rod and the second bevel gear are connected by a belt.

[0010] Further, the cleaning mechanism includes a first slider, a special-shaped frame, an upper push plate, a lower push plate, an annular track, and a first spring. One end of the first slider is in threaded cooperation with the first double-threaded rod. The other end of the first slider is rotatably installed on the special-shaped frame. An upper push plate is fixed on the special-shaped frame. The upper push plate is slidably installed on the chute of the sealed housing. A lower push plate is rotatably installed below the upper push plate. An annular track is fixed on the upper push plate. The first spring is inserted into the annular track. One end of the first spring is fixed on the upper push plate, and the other end is fixed on the lower push plate. The lower push plate can push the kitchen waste deposited in it towards the crushing mechanism, improving the crushing efficiency and always ensuring that the kitchen waste does not block the device.

[0011] Further, the compression mechanism includes a second motor, a threaded rod, a piston, an annular sealing plate, a water inlet plate, a cylindrical barrel, a shallow annular groove, and a deep annular groove. The second motor is fixed on the outer shell. The two ends of the threaded rod are respectively threadedly connected with pistons, and the thread directions at the two ends of the threaded rod are opposite. The pistons are slidably installed on the slide rails inside the cylindrical barrel. One end of the cylindrical barrel is fixed with a shallow annular groove, and the other end of the cylindrical barrel is fixed with a deep annular groove. The water inlet plate is fixed above the cylindrical barrel. The inlet baffle is rotatably installed in the water inlet plate. Three annular sealing plates are evenly arranged on the threaded rod, and the annular sealing plates are slidably installed in the deep annular groove. Two groups of cylindrical barrels, shallow annular grooves, and deep annular grooves are respectively arranged at both ends of the middle annular sealing plate. The three annular sealing plates, shallow annular grooves, deep annular grooves, and two cylindrical barrels together form a compression space. Solid shallow annular grooves and deep annular grooves are installed at both ends of the compression space for sealing the space. Openings away from the diversion plate are symmetrically arranged at positions on the water inlet plate axially close to the inlet baffle, and openings close to the diversion plate are symmetrically arranged at the center position of the water inlet plate.

[0012] Further, the opening and closing mechanism includes a second gear, a third gear, an inlet baffle, a toothed plate, a second spring, a fixed block, and a diversion plate. The second gear and the third gear are jointly engaged with the toothed plate. The second gear is fixed on the threaded rod, and the third gear is rotatably installed on the threaded rod. The inlet baffle is fixed on the third gear. Two cylinders are respectively arranged at both ends of the toothed plate, and the cylinders are slidably installed on the fixed block. A second spring is fixedly installed between the toothed plate and the fixed block; the diversion plate is arranged outside the cylindrical barrel, and the diversion plate is fixed on the filter cake collection bin. The inlet baffle can rotate and slide in the water inlet plate, so as to change the inlet channel of the crushed material and complete the batchwise two-way feeding work.

[0013] Further, the control mechanism includes an inner support plate, a central shaft, a third motor, a first ratchet wheel, a second ratchet wheel, a toothed ring, a first pawl, an outer cover, a second pawl, a chain, and a transmission gear. The inner support plate is fixedly installed on the outer shell, and the third motor is fixed on the inner support plate. The output shaft of the third motor is fixedly installed with a central shaft. The second ratchet wheel and the first ratchet wheel are fixed on the central shaft, and the ratchet teeth of the second ratchet wheel and the first ratchet wheel have opposite helix directions. The central shaft is rotatably installed in the toothed ring and the outer cover. The first pawl is rotatably installed inside the toothed ring, and the second pawl is rotatably installed inside the outer cover. Transmission gears are respectively arranged on both sides of the toothed ring, and a set of filter cake cleaning mechanisms are arranged on each transmission gear. The toothed ring is connected to the two chains by the chain. By controlling the rotation direction of the third motor, different filter cake cleaning mechanisms can be controlled to perform filter cake cleaning work.

[0014] Furthermore, the filter cake cleaning mechanism includes a second double threaded rod, a pushing block, a second slider, a connecting plate, a connecting rod, a connecting block, a sliding column, a third spring, a fixing plate, a pushing plate, and a sliding rail. The second double threaded rod is fixedly installed on the outer cover. One end of the second slider is in threaded cooperation with the second double threaded rod, and the other end of the second slider is rotatably installed on the pushing block. The pushing block is slidably installed on the pushing plate. A connecting plate is slidably installed between the pushing block and the second double threaded rod. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably installed on the other end of the connecting plate, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably installed with a connecting block. The connecting block is fixed on the annular sealing plate. One end of the connecting block is slidably installed on the sliding groove outside the deep annular groove, and the other end of the connecting block is slidably installed on the sliding column. The sliding column is fixed on the fixing plate. One end of the third spring is fixed on the connecting block, and the other end of the third spring is fixed on the fixing plate. The sliding rail is fixed on the outer shell, and the pushing plate is slidably installed on the sliding rail.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows: (1) By setting a primary filtration component, the present invention conducts preliminary solid-liquid separation on kitchen waste. Moreover, the cleaning mechanism inside the sealing shell is constantly scraping, reducing the separation of free water by the device, reducing the energy consumption loss of the device, increasing the crushing efficiency of the device, and preventing blockage.

[0016] (2) By setting a compression mechanism, the present invention realizes the two-way pressure filtration of kitchen waste. During operation, relying on the action of the piston, on the one hand, it conducts pressure filtration on the crushed material on one side, and on the other hand, it sucks the crushed material from the crushing mechanism, thus greatly improving the working time. And during the whole process, the amount of inflowing and outflowing fluid is consistent, and the generated odor will not escape.

[0017] (3) By setting a control mechanism to conduct decentralized control on the filter cake cleaning mechanism, it can ensure that the liquid suction part of the device does not leak, and conduct fixed-point treatment on the filter cake, making the device more automated and reducing the operation of staff. Description of the drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is the external structural schematic diagram of the kitchen waste solid-liquid separation device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is the internal structural schematic diagram of the outer shell.

[0020] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the crushing component.

[0021] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism.

[0022] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the cleaning mechanism.

[0023] Figure 6It is a schematic structural diagram of a bi-directional pressure filtration component.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a compression mechanism.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of an opening and closing mechanism.

[0026] Figure 9 It is a schematic installation diagram of an inlet baffle in a water inlet plate.

[0027] Figure 10 It is a schematic installation diagram of a flow guide plate.

[0028] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of a control mechanism and a filter cake cleaning mechanism

[0029] Figure 12 It is Figure 11 a schematic diagram of the mechanism at position A in

[0030] Figure 13 It is a schematic structural diagram of a filter cake cleaning mechanism.

[0031] Figure 14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom of a cylindrical barrel.

[0032] Reference numerals in the drawings: 1. outer shell; 2. feed bin; 3. water storage bin; 4. filter cake collection bin; 101. crusher outer shell; 102. first motor; 103. first gear; 104. crushing roller; 201. sealing shell; 202. first bevel gear; 203. second bevel gear; 204. belt; 205. support; 206. first double threaded rod; 207. first slider; 208. special-shaped frame; 209. upper push plate; 210. lower push plate; 211. annular track; 212. first spring; 300. inner support plate; 301. second motor; 302. threaded rod; 303. piston; 304. annular sealing plate; 305. water inlet plate; 306. cylindrical barrel; 307. shallow annular groove; 308. deep annular groove; 401. second gear; 402. third gear; 403. inlet baffle; 404. toothed plate; 405. second spring; 406. fixed block; 407. flow guide plate; 500. central shaft; 501. third motor; 502. first ratchet; 503. second ratchet; 504. toothed ring; 505. first ratchet pawl; 506. outer cover; 507. second ratchet pawl; 601. chain; 602. transmission gear; 701. second double threaded rod; 702. pushing block; 703. second slider; 704. connecting plate; 705. connecting rod; 706. connecting block; 707. sliding column; 708. third spring; 709. fixing plate; 710. pushing plate; 711. slide rail. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments.

[0034] Among them, the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes, showing only schematic diagrams, not physical diagrams, and should not be construed as a limitation of this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some components in the drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, which does not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0035] See the attached Figures 1-14 , the solid-liquid separation device for kitchen waste in the present invention includes a housing 1, a feed bin 2, a water storage bin 3, a filter cake collection bin 4, a primary filtration component, a crushing component, and a two-way pressure filtration component. The feed bin 2 is arranged on the housing 1. Inside the housing 1, there are a water storage bin 3 and a filter cake collection bin 4. Above the water storage bin 3, there is a primary filtration component. Above the filter cake collection bin 4, there is a two-way pressure filtration component. Above the two-way pressure filtration component, there is a crushing component. The two-way pressure filtration component includes a compression mechanism, an opening and closing mechanism, a control mechanism, and a filter cake cleaning mechanism. The compression mechanism is used for solid-liquid separation. The opening and closing mechanism is used to adjust the position of the feed port. The control mechanism is used to control the state of the filter cake cleaning mechanism.

[0036] The crushing component includes a crusher housing 101, a first motor 102, a first gear 103, and crushing rollers 104. The crusher housing 101 is fixed on the housing 1. The output shaft of the crusher housing 101 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the crushing rollers 104. There are two crushing rollers 104 arranged vertically. At one end of the rotating shaft of each crushing roller 104, a first gear 103 is fixedly installed. The two first gears 103 are meshed. The crushing rollers 104 can crush kitchen waste.

[0037] The primary filtration component includes a transmission mechanism and a cleaning mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a sealing shell 201, a first bevel gear 202, a second bevel gear 203, a belt 204, a support 205, and a first double threaded rod 206. The sealing shell 201 is fixed on the housing 1. There are screen holes at the bottom of the sealing shell 201 for preliminary separation of moisture. The first bevel gear 202 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the first gear 103. The first gear 103 is meshed with the first bevel gear 202. The second bevel gear 203 is rotatably installed on the support 205. The support 205 is fixed on the housing 1. The first double threaded rod 206 is rotatably installed on the sealing shell 201. The rotating shafts of the first double threaded rod 206 and the second bevel gear 203 are connected by a belt 204.

[0038] The described cleaning mechanism includes a first slider 207, a special-shaped frame 208, an upper push plate 209, a lower push plate 210, an annular track 211, and a first spring 212. One end of the first slider 207 is slidably installed in the thread of the first double-threaded rod 206, and the other end of the first slider 207 is rotatably installed on the special-shaped frame 208. The upper push plate 209 is fixed on the special-shaped frame 208 and is slidably installed on the chute of the sealing shell 201. The lower push plate 210 is rotatably installed below the upper push plate 209. The annular track 211 is fixed on the upper push plate 209. The first spring 212 is inserted into the annular track 211. One end of the first spring 212 is fixed on the upper push plate 209, and the other end of the first spring 212 is fixed on the lower push plate 210. The lower push plate 210 can push the kitchen waste deposited in it towards the crushing mechanism, improving the crushing efficiency and always ensuring that the kitchen waste does not block the device.

[0039] The described compression mechanism includes a second motor 301, a threaded rod 302, a piston 303, an annular sealing plate 304, a water inlet plate 305, a cylindrical barrel 306, a shallow annular groove 307, and a deep annular groove 308. The second motor 301 is fixed on the housing 1. The piston 303 is respectively threadedly connected to both ends of the threaded rod 302, and the thread directions at both ends of the threaded rod 302 are opposite. The piston 303 is slidably installed on the slide rail inside the cylindrical barrel 306. One end of the cylindrical barrel 306 is fixed with the shallow annular groove 307, and the other end of the cylindrical barrel 306 is fixed with the deep annular groove 308. The water inlet plate 305 is fixed above the cylindrical barrel 306. The inlet baffle 403 is rotatably installed in the water inlet plate 305. Three annular sealing plates 304 are evenly arranged on the threaded rod 302, and the annular sealing plates 304 are slidably installed in the deep annular groove 308. Two sets of cylindrical barrels 306, shallow annular grooves 307, and deep annular grooves 308 are respectively arranged at both ends of the middle annular sealing plate 304. The three annular sealing plates 304, the shallow annular grooves 307, the deep annular grooves 308, and the two cylindrical barrels 306 together form a compression space. Solid shallow annular grooves 307 and deep annular grooves 308 are installed at both ends of the compression space for sealing the space. Openings away from the diversion plate 407 are symmetrically arranged at positions on the water inlet plate 305 axially close to the inlet baffle 403, and openings close to the diversion plate 407 are symmetrically arranged at the center position of the water inlet plate 305.

[0040] The described opening and closing mechanism includes a second gear 401, a third gear 402, an inlet baffle 403, a toothed plate 404, a second spring 405, a fixed block 406, and a deflector plate 407. The second gear 401 and the third gear 402 are jointly engaged with the toothed plate 404. The second gear 401 is fixed on the threaded rod 302, and the third gear 402 is rotatably installed on the threaded rod 302. An inlet baffle 403 is fixed on the third gear 402. Two cylinders are respectively arranged at both ends of the toothed plate 404, and the cylinders are slidably installed on the fixed block 406. A second spring 405 is fixedly installed between the toothed plate 404 and the fixed block 406. The deflector plate 407 is arranged outside the cylindrical barrel 306, and the deflector plate 407 is fixed on the filter cake collection bin 4. The inlet baffle 403 can rotate and slide within the water inlet plate 305, thereby changing the inlet channel of the crushed material and completing the batchwise two-way feeding operation.

[0041] The described control mechanism includes an inner support plate 300, a central shaft 500, a third motor 501, a first ratchet 502, a second ratchet 503, a toothed ring 504, a first pawl 505, an outer cover 506, a second pawl 507, a chain 601, and a transmission gear 602. The inner support plate 300 is fixedly installed on the housing 1, and the third motor 501 is fixed on the inner support plate 300. A central shaft 500 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the third motor 501. A second ratchet 503 and a first ratchet 502 are fixed on the central shaft 500. The ratchet teeth of the second ratchet 503 and the first ratchet 502 have opposite helix directions. The central shaft 500 is rotatably installed on the toothed ring 504 and the outer cover 506. A first pawl 505 is rotatably installed inside the toothed ring 504, and a second pawl 507 is rotatably installed inside the outer cover 506. Transmission gears 602 are respectively arranged on both sides of the toothed ring 504, and a set of filter cake cleaning mechanisms are arranged on each transmission gear 602. The toothed ring 504 is connected to the two chains 601 by the chain 601. By controlling the rotation direction of the third motor 501, different filter cake cleaning mechanisms can be controlled to perform filter cake cleaning operations.

[0042] The described filter cake cleaning mechanism includes a second double-threaded rod 701, a pushing block 702, a second slider 703, a connecting plate 704, a connecting rod 705, a connecting block 706, a sliding column 707, a third spring 708, a fixing plate 709, a pushing plate 710, and a sliding rail 711. The second double-threaded rod 701 is fixedly installed on the outer cover 506. One end of the second slider 703 is slidably installed in the thread of the second double-threaded rod 701, and the other end of the second slider 703 is rotatably installed on the pushing block 702. The pushing block 702 is slidably installed on the pushing plate 710. A connecting plate 704 is slidably installed between the pushing block 702 and the second double-threaded rod 701. One end of the connecting rod 705 is rotatably installed with the other end of the connecting plate 704, and the other end of the connecting rod 705 is rotatably installed with a connecting block 706. The connecting block 706 is fixed on the annular sealing plate 304. One end of the connecting block 706 is slidably installed on the chute outside the deep annular groove 308, and the other end of the connecting block 706 is slidably installed on the sliding column 707. The sliding column 707 is fixed on the fixing plate 709. One end of the third spring 708 is fixed on the connecting block 706, and the other end of the third spring 708 is fixed on the fixing plate 709. The sliding rail 711 is fixed on the housing 1, and the pushing plate 710 is slidably installed on the sliding rail 711.

[0043] The usage process of the above device is as described below.

[0044] Put the kitchen waste into the feeding bin 2, and rely on the fluidity of the kitchen waste to enter the inside of the sealing shell 201. The free water will flow through the sieve holes below the sealing shell 201 into the water storage bin 3. Start the first motor 102. Under the action of the first gear 103, drive the two crushing rollers 104 to rotate in opposite directions, which can bite and crush the kitchen waste. Similarly, when the crushing roller 104 rotates, it drives the bevel gear one 202 to rotate on the housing 1, and the bevel gear two 203 meshing with the bevel gear one 202 will rotate on the support 205. The power is transmitted through the belt 204 to make the first double-threaded rod 206 rotate continuously. At this time, the first slider 207 will drive the special-shaped frame 208 to make a reciprocating motion under the extrusion of the thread of the first double-threaded rod 206, and at the same time drive the upper pushing plate 209 and the lower pushing plate 210 to slide reciprocally on the sealing shell 201. When the lower pushing plate 210 moves towards the first gear 103, the lower pushing plate 210 and the upper pushing plate 209 are in the same plane. At this time, the lower pushing plate 210 will scrape the garbage down. When the lower pushing plate 210 moves away from the first gear 103, due to the resistance of the garbage behind, the lower pushing plate 210 will rotate along the annular track 211. At this time, the first spring 212 starts to compress. When scraping the garbage again, rely on the spring to reset the lower pushing plate 210, so as to ensure that the device is not damaged when scraping the garbage.

[0045] Start the second motor 301 to cause the threaded rod 302 to rotate, thereby driving the pistons 303 at both ends to slide within the cylindrical barrel 306, and the sliding directions are opposite. When the second motor 301 starts, it first drives the second gear 401 to rotate. The second gear 401 causes the toothed plate 404 to slide on the fixed block 406, and the second spring 405 on one side of the toothed plate 404 is gradually stretched, while the second spring 405 on the other side is gradually compressed. The movement of the toothed plate 404 causes the third gear 402 to rotate. Correspondingly, the third gear 402 drives the inlet baffle 403 to slide within the water inlet plate 305. Furthermore, the inlet baffle 403 closes the opening in the middle of the water inlet plate 305, and the openings at the edges of the water inlet plate 305 are opened. At this time, the pistons 303 squeeze towards the middle, thereby forming a compression space. And at this time, the crushed material enters from the openings at the edges of the water inlet plate 305. Due to the action of the pistons 303, the crushed material can be sucked into the cylindrical barrel 306 without clogging. The provided second spring 405 mainly enables the teeth on the toothed plate 404 to always mesh with the second gear 401 and the third gear 402, preventing the situation of non - reset. Correspondingly, when the second motor 301 rotates in the reverse direction, the inlet baffle 403 opens the opening in the middle of the water inlet plate 305, and the openings at the edges of the water inlet plate 305 are closed. The inlet of the crushed material changes without affecting the feeding situation, greatly shortening the working time and ensuring the efficient operation of the device. And when the pistons 303 suck in the crushed material, excessive odor will not be generated inside the device. After the pistons 303 filter out the liquid, it seeps out from the sieve holes of the cylindrical barrel 306 and is guided to the water storage bin 3 through the guide plate 407.

[0046] After compression is completed, the second motor 301 is turned off and the third motor 501 is started. The third motor 501 drives the central shaft 500 to rotate. When rotating forward, the first ratchet wheel 502 on the central shaft 500 slides with the first pawl 505. Only the second ratchet wheel 503 on the central shaft 500 drives the second pawl 507 to cause the outer cover 506 to rotate. Further, the outer cover 506 drives the second double threaded rod 701 to rotate. At this time, only the filter cake cleaning mechanism at the middle position is driven to work. When the second double threaded rod 701 rotates, under the action of the thread, the second slider 703 drives the push block 702 to slide on the push plate 710 first. At this time, the connecting plate 704 is not restricted by the end of the push block 702 and the third spring 708 in the stretched state starts to drag the connecting block 706 to slide on the sliding column 707, so as to approach the fixed plate 709. Further, the connecting block 706 slides on the sliding groove of the deep annular groove 308, so that under the action of the connecting rod 705, the connecting plate 704 slides on the second double threaded rod 701 in the direction of the push plate 710. At this time, the annular sealing plate 304 slides into the deep annular groove 308. The second double threaded rod 701 continues to rotate, causing the push block 702 to contact the push plate 710, so that the push plate 710 slides on the slide rail 711, and then the filter cake between the shallow annular groove 307 and the deep annular groove 308 is pushed out and can be pushed into the filter cake collection bin 4. The push plate 710 is dragged by the push block 702. After being moved out, the push plate 710 pushes the connecting plate 704. Under the action of the connecting rod 705, the annular sealing plate 304 moves into the annular sealing plate 304 again, so that the device is closed. At this time, the third motor 501 is turned off and the second motor 301 is started to rotate in reverse for use. When the third motor 501 is started again, the third motor 501 rotates in reverse, causing the central shaft 500 to drive the first ratchet wheel 502. Under the action of the first pawl 505, only the gear ring 504 rotates. Through the chain 601, the transmission gears 602 at both ends rotate, and the transmission gears 602 drive the filter cake cleaning mechanisms at both ends to work.

[0047] When cleaning the device, clean water is introduced into the feed bin 2, and it can work according to the opening and closing sequence of the motor during work. The operation is convenient and to protect the safety performance of the device, the inner support plate 300 can reverse the flow of the liquid filtered for the first time into the water storage bin 3, and the whole device is in a sealed state, so that the odor generated by the kitchen waste will not escape into the air in large amounts.

Claims

1. A solid-liquid separation device for kitchen waste, characterized in that: It includes a housing (1), a feed bin (2), a water storage bin (3), a filter cake collection bin (4), a primary filtration component, a crushing component, and a double-sided pressure filtration component. The feed bin (2) is arranged on the housing (1). Inside the housing (1), there are a water storage bin (3) and a filter cake collection bin (4). Above the water storage bin (3), there is a primary filtration component. Above the filter cake collection bin (4), there is a double-sided pressure filtration component. Above the double-sided pressure filtration component, there is a crushing component; The double-sided pressure filtration component includes a compression mechanism, an opening and closing mechanism, a control mechanism, and a filter cake cleaning mechanism. The compression mechanism is used for solid-liquid separation. The opening and closing mechanism is used to adjust the position of the feed inlet. The control mechanism is used to control the state of the filter cake cleaning mechanism; The opening and closing mechanism includes a second gear (401), a third gear (402), an inlet baffle (403), a toothed plate (404), a second spring (405), a fixed block (406), and a guide plate (407). The second gear (401) and the third gear (402) are jointly meshed with the toothed plate (404). The second gear (401) is fixed on a threaded rod (302). The third gear (402) is rotatably installed on the threaded rod (302). An inlet baffle (403) is arranged on the third gear (402). Two cylinders are respectively arranged at both ends of the toothed plate (404). The cylinders are slidably installed on the fixed block (406). A second spring (405) is arranged between the toothed plate (404) and the fixed block (406); The guide plate (407) is arranged outside the cylindrical barrel (306). The guide plate (407) is fixed on the filter cake collection bin (4); The crushing component includes a first motor (102), a first gear (103), and crushing rollers (104). The crusher housing (101) is fixed on the housing (1). There are two crushing rollers (104) arranged vertically. One end of the rotating shaft of each crushing roller (104) is fixedly installed with a first gear (103). The two first gears (103) are meshed; The primary filtration component includes a transmission mechanism and a cleaning mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a sealing shell (201), a first bevel gear (202), a second bevel gear (203), a belt (204), a support (205), and a first double-threaded rod (206). The sealing shell (201) is arranged on the housing (1). There are sieve holes at the bottom of the sealing shell (201). The first bevel gear (202) is arranged on the rotating shaft of the first gear (103). The first gear (103) is meshed with the first bevel gear (202). The second bevel gear (203) is arranged on the support (205). The support (205) is fixed on the housing (1). The first double-threaded rod (206) is rotatably installed on the sealing shell (201). The rotating shafts of the first double-threaded rod (206) and the second bevel gear (203) are connected by a belt (204); The described cleaning mechanism includes a first slider (207), a special-shaped frame (208), an upper push plate (209), a lower push plate (210), an annular track (211), and a first spring (212). One end of the first slider (207) is in threaded cooperation with the first double-threaded rod (206), and the other end of the first slider (207) is rotatably installed on the special-shaped frame (208). The upper push plate (209) is fixed on the special-shaped frame (208). The upper push plate (209) is slidably installed on the chute of the sealing shell (201). The lower push plate (210) is rotatably installed below the upper push plate (209). The annular track (211) is arranged on the upper push plate (209). The first spring (212) is inserted into the annular track (211). One end of the first spring (212) is fixed on the upper push plate (209), and the other end of the first spring (212) is fixed on the lower push plate (210). The described compression mechanism includes a threaded rod (302), a piston (303), an annular sealing plate (304), a water inlet plate (305), a cylindrical barrel (306), a shallow annular groove (307), and a deep annular groove (308). Pistons (303) are arranged at both ends of the threaded rod (302). The thread directions at both ends of the threaded rod (302) are opposite. The pistons (303) are slidably installed on the slide rails inside the cylindrical barrel (306). A shallow annular groove (307) is arranged at one end of the cylindrical barrel (306), and a deep annular groove (308) is arranged at the other end of the cylindrical barrel (306). The water inlet plate (305) is fixed above the cylindrical barrel (306). The inlet baffle (403) is rotatably installed inside the water inlet plate (305). Three annular sealing plates (304) are evenly arranged on the threaded rod (302). The annular sealing plates (304) are slidably installed in the deep annular groove (308). The middle annular sealing plate (304) is provided with the cylindrical barrel (306), the shallow annular groove (307), and the deep annular groove (308) at both ends respectively. The shallow annular groove (307), the deep annular groove (308), the two cylindrical barrels (306), and the three groups of annular sealing plates (304) together form a compression barrel. Solid shallow annular grooves (307) and deep annular grooves (308) are arranged at both ends of the compression barrel for sealing the space. Openings away from the guide plate (407) are symmetrically arranged at positions axially close to the inlet baffle (403) on the water inlet plate (305). Openings close to the guide plate (407) are symmetrically arranged at the central position of the water inlet plate (305).

2. The solid-liquid separation device for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described control mechanism includes an inner support plate (300), a central shaft (500), a third motor (501), a first ratchet wheel (502), a second ratchet wheel (503), a gear ring (504), a first pawl (505), an outer cover (506), a second pawl (507), a chain (601), and a transmission gear (602). The inner support plate (300) is fixedly installed on the outer shell (1). The third motor (501) is arranged on the inner support plate (300). A central shaft (500) is arranged on the output shaft of the third motor (501). A second ratchet wheel (503) and a first ratchet wheel (502) are arranged on the central shaft (500). The spiral directions of the ratchet teeth of the second ratchet wheel (503) and the first ratchet wheel (502) are opposite. The central shaft (500) is rotatably installed on the gear ring (504) and the outer cover (506). A first pawl (505) is rotatably installed inside the gear ring (504). A second pawl (507) is rotatably installed inside the outer cover (506). Transmission gears (602) are arranged on both sides of the gear ring (504). The gear ring (504) is connected to two chains (601) by the chains (601).

3. The solid-liquid separation device for kitchen waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The described filter cake cleaning mechanism includes a second double threaded rod (701), a pushing block (702), a second slider (703), a connecting plate (704), a connecting rod (705), a connecting block (706), a sliding column (707), a third spring (708), a fixing plate (709), a pushing plate (710), and a slide rail (711). The second double threaded rod (701) is fixedly installed on the outer cover (506). One end of the second slider (703) is in threaded cooperation with the second double threaded rod (701). The other end of the second slider (703) is rotatably installed on the pushing block (702). The pushing block (702) is slidably installed on the pushing plate (710). A connecting plate (704) is slidably installed between the pushing block (702) and the second double threaded rod (701). One end of the connecting rod (705) is rotatably installed on the other end of the connecting plate (704). The other end of the connecting rod (705) is rotatably installed with a connecting block (706). The connecting block (706) is fixed on the annular sealing plate (304). One end of the connecting block (706) is slidably installed on the chute outside the deep annular groove (308). The other end of the connecting block (706) is slidably installed on the sliding column (707). The sliding column (707) is fixed on the fixing plate (709). One end of the third spring ( 4. A method for using the kitchen waste solid-liquid separation device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: Kitchen waste enters the interior of the device from the feed bin (2). After passing through the primary filtration component, the free liquid is separated out. The waste then passes through the crushing component to crush the kitchen waste. The mixture flows into the compression mechanism. Through the opening and closing mechanism, the mixture can enter the compression space alternately for two-way filtration, thereby improving the filtration speed. Through the control mechanism, the filter cake cleaning mechanism can clean the filter cake in the device. Finally, the liquid is stored in the water storage bin (3), and the filter cake is stored in the filter cake collection bin (4).

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