Data transmission method and apparatus, device, and storage medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a data transmission method, device and equipment, and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises: in response to receiving a request message of a terminal device, determining a current working mode of a gateway device; wherein the current working mode of the gateway device comprises at least an IPTV mode or an OTT mode; the request message carries a first physical address of the terminal device; and the request message is forwarded to a wide area network port matched with the first physical address by using an Ethernet bridge matched with the working mode. Embodiments of the present disclosure can simply and accurately complete forwarding of the request message in the OTT mode or the IPTV mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to, but is not limited to, the field of communication technology, and in particular to a data transmission method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the home broadband networks of telecom operators, broadband television (TV) services operate under two modes: Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) and Over-The-Top (OTT) television. When operators set up home networks for broadband users, these two different TV service operation modes correspond to two different construction and cabling methods. If a user needs to switch between OTT and IPTV modes, the relevant technology requires maintenance personnel to visit the home to handle the work and rewire, which consumes significant manpower and time costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above, the present disclosure provides at least one data transmission method, apparatus, device, and storage medium.

[0004] The technical solution of this disclosure embodiment is implemented as follows:

[0005] On one hand, this disclosure provides a data transmission method applied to a gateway device, comprising: responding to a request message received from a terminal device, determining the current operating mode of the gateway device; wherein the current operating mode of the gateway device includes at least an IPTV mode or an OTT mode; the request message carries a first physical address of the terminal device; and forwarding the request message to a wide area network port matching the first physical address using an Ethernet bridge that matches the operating mode.

[0006] On the other hand, this disclosure provides a data transmission apparatus applied to a gateway device, comprising: a determining module, configured to determine the current operating mode of the gateway device in response to a request message received from a terminal device; wherein the current operating mode of the gateway device includes at least an IPTV mode or an OTT mode; the request message carries a first physical address of the terminal device; and a first forwarding module, configured to forward the request message to a wide area network port matching the first physical address using an Ethernet bridge matching the operating mode.

[0007] In another aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer device including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can run on the processor, and the processor executes the program to implement some or all of the steps in the above-described method.

[0008] In another aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements some or all of the steps in the above-described method.

[0009] In another aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program including computer-readable code, which, when executed in a computer device, causes a processor in the computer device to perform some or all of the steps in the above-described method.

[0010] In another aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program product, the computer program product including a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is read and executed by a computer, it implements some or all of the steps in the above method.

[0011] Compared to related technologies, which encapsulate IPTV private network data and network (Internet) data in different Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) within a single network cable, and use VLAN-enabled devices (such as managed switches or VLAN-enabled routers) to separate the data of the corresponding VLANs in this network cable to independent network ports, switching between IPTV and OTT modes can also be achieved. However, the networking cost is high, and for each additional location (such as a place where IPTV is viewed or a room with wired Internet access), an additional VLAN-enabled device needs to be purchased.

[0012] In this embodiment, the gateway device first responds to a request message from a terminal device to determine its current operating mode. The current operating mode includes at least IPTV or OTT mode. The request message carries the terminal device's first physical address. Then, the gateway device uses an Ethernet bridge matching the operating mode to forward the request message to a WAN port matching the first physical address. This allows the gateway device to easily and accurately switch between IPTV and OTT modes by changing the Ethernet bridge structure. Furthermore, no additional gateway equipment needs to be purchased during network deployment, it is compatible with mainstream chips in current routers and gateway devices, has minimal impact on forwarding speed, and offers better compatibility and versatility, facilitating rapid and large-scale deployment.

[0013] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory, and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the specification, serve to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure.

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the implementation flow of the first data transmission method provided in this embodiment of the disclosure;

[0016] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the implementation flow of the second data transmission method provided in this embodiment of the disclosure;

[0017] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the implementation flow of the third data transmission method provided in this embodiment of the disclosure;

[0018] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the implementation flow of the fourth data transmission method provided in this embodiment of the disclosure;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data transmission system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gateway device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware entity of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of this disclosure are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limitations on this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0024] In the following description, references to "some embodiments" describe a subset of all possible embodiments; however, it is understood that "some embodiments" may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict. The terms "first / second / third" are used merely to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that "first / second / third" may be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terminology used herein is for descriptive purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0026] This disclosure provides a data transmission method that can be executed by a processor of a gateway device. The gateway device, also known as an internetwork connector or protocol converter, is a computer system or device that provides data conversion services between multiple networks. A gateway device can be understood as a connector between different networks; it's a device that "negotiates" data when it needs to travel from one network to another. For example, in a television broadcasting system, an Optical Network Unit (ONU) (also called an optical modem) can be designated as a gateway device for data transmission between the service platform and the television set-top box. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation flow of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps S101 to S102:

[0027] Step S101: In response to the request message received from the terminal device, determine the current operating mode of the gateway device.

[0028] Here, terminal equipment can refer to devices capable of simultaneously generating or transmitting IPTV private network data and Internet data, such as TV set-top boxes and TVs. Due to different user needs, users can watch TV programs in either IPTV or OTT mode. Therefore, the gateway device's current operating mode can include at least IPTV or OTT mode, and the terminal device can also switch between IPTV and OTT modes. For example, both the gateway device and the terminal device can switch to IPTV mode simultaneously, allowing users to watch TV programs in IPTV mode.

[0029] Request messages can refer to IPTV data and / or Internet data sent by terminal devices, carrying information that the terminal devices need to interact with; this is not limited. For example, a request message can be Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) data, carrying a user's request for video playback. In different modes, the gateway device needs to forward different types of request messages to different locations or devices. For example, in IPTV mode, it forwards the first type of request message to the IPTV operating platform; in OTT mode, it forwards the second type of request message to the OTT operating platform. Here, the gateway device can forward different types of request messages to different transmission channels in the optical fiber to achieve forwarding to different locations or devices.

[0030] The request message from the terminal device carries at least the terminal device's first physical address (srcMAC). The first physical address can refer to the physical address (Media Access Control Address, MAC) to which the terminal device belongs. The physical address can refer to an address used to identify the location of the network device. The physical address of the terminal device is unique.

[0031] The gateway device can first switch its own operating mode, and then perform data interaction and other processing with the terminal devices. During step S102, the following may be included: all network ports (Local Area Network, LAN) of the gateway device receive request messages from all associated terminal devices; the gateway device reads a preset mode identifier, and determines the current operating mode based on the current mode identifier and the correspondence between the preset mode identifier and the operating mode; for example, if the current mode identifier is 1, then the current operating mode is determined to be IPTV mode.

[0032] Step S102: Using an Ethernet bridge that matches the operating mode, forward the request message to a WAN port that matches the first physical address.

[0033] Here, an Ethernet bridge (also called an Ethernet bridge firewall) can refer to a configuration tool for filtering network packets under an operating system (such as Linux). Its filtering function is supported by the kernel layer of the gateway device and can be used to determine the transmission path of request packets, such as Ethernet bridges like iptables and ebtables. Ethernet bridge configuration can be divided into three levels: tables, chains, and rules. Tables are built-in and fixed, while chains can be built-in or custom. Each chain contains a series of rules, and each rule defines some filtering options. Each request packet will match these items, and once a match is successful, the corresponding action will be executed. The structure or content of the Ethernet bridge corresponds to the working mode of the gateway device. Switching the working mode of the gateway device is achieved by adjusting the Ethernet bridge. For example: a first Ethernet bridge is pre-configured to transmit request packets, implementing the first working mode of the gateway device; by modifying the rules in the first Ethernet bridge, a second Ethernet bridge is obtained; the gateway device uses the second Ethernet bridge to transmit request packets, implementing the second working mode of the gateway device. In other words, the gateway device switches from the first working mode to the second working mode by adjusting the first Ethernet bridge.

[0034] A Wide Area Network (WAN) port is a dedicated interface used to connect to the external network (i.e., the Internet). Gateway devices can forward request packets to IPTV or OTT operating platforms through WAN ports. Since request packets in different modes (IPTV or OTT) need to be transmitted through different channels in the optical fiber, the gateway device can forward request packets for different modes to different WAN ports to achieve transmission through different channels. For example, in the first operating mode, the gateway device uses a first Ethernet bridge matched to the first operating mode to forward request packets to the first WAN port, which connects to the IPTV operating platform; in the second operating mode, the gateway device uses a second Ethernet bridge matched to the second operating mode to forward request packets to the second WAN port, which connects to the OTT operating platform, etc.

[0035] Compared to related technologies, which encapsulate IPTV private network data and network (Internet) data in different Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) within a single network cable, and use VLAN-enabled devices (such as managed switches or VLAN-enabled routers) to separate the data of the corresponding VLANs in this network cable to independent network ports, switching between IPTV and OTT modes can also be achieved. However, the networking cost is high, and for each additional location (such as a place where IPTV is viewed or a room with wired Internet access), an additional VLAN-enabled device needs to be purchased.

[0036] In this embodiment, the gateway device first responds to a request message from a terminal device to determine its current operating mode. The current operating mode includes at least IPTV or OTT mode. The request message carries the terminal device's first physical address. Then, the gateway device uses an Ethernet bridge matching the operating mode to forward the request message to a WAN port matching the first physical address. This allows the gateway device to easily and accurately switch between IPTV and OTT modes by changing the Ethernet bridge structure. Furthermore, no additional gateway device needs to be purchased during network deployment. It is compatible with mainstream chips in current routers and gateway devices, such as Advanced RISC Machine (ARM) chips and Million Instructions Per Second (MIPS) chips, with minimal impact on forwarding speed. It offers better compatibility and versatility, and facilitates rapid large-scale deployment.

[0037] In some embodiments, before implementing step S102, the method may further include the following step S111:

[0038] Step S111: Use the filtering module of the gateway device to extract fields from the request message to obtain the first physical address.

[0039] Here, the gateway device may include various modules such as an Ethernet bridge module (Bridge module, or ebtables module), an entry management module (IPTV-ebtables module), and a kernel module (iptables module). The Ethernet bridge module can be used to perform various chain and rule operations of the Ethernet bridge, and the entry management module can be used to generate various chains and rules of the Ethernet bridge. Compared with related technologies, the gateway device in this embodiment can customize and create a filtering module (DHCP-filter module). The filtering module can be used to extract the first physical address from the request packet. For example, the iptables module can intercept all DHCP request packets from the LAN ports and direct them to the preset filtering module. Using the filtering module, the request packets are extracted according to preset field positions to obtain the first physical address as f4:d9:c6:88:60:71. The DHCP request packets received by the gateway device can be DHCP request packets with the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) port 67 or 68 at the transport layer.

[0040] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the newly added filtering module can accurately and quickly extract the first physical address, which helps to transmit request messages under different modes simply and accurately in the future.

[0041] This disclosure provides a data transmission method, wherein the wide area network port includes an OTT port and an IPTV port, and the gateway device includes at least an Ethernet bridge module, an entry management module, and a filtering module. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps S201 to S204:

[0042] Steps S203 to S204 correspond to the aforementioned steps S101 to S102, respectively. When implementing these steps, the specific implementation methods of the aforementioned steps S101 to S102 can be referred to.

[0043] Step S201: When the LAN port of the gateway device is switched from off to on, obtain the preset Ethernet bridge configuration information.

[0044] Here, WAN ports include OTT ports and IPTV ports. OTT ports can be used to transmit request messages in OTT mode, and IPTV ports can be used to transmit request messages in IPTV mode. The gateway device can monitor the interface status of each LAN port, which can include UP and DOWN states. The gateway device can control the LAN port to switch from DOWN to UP via control commands. Ethernet bridge configuration information refers to information used to configure the Ethernet bridge, such as the configuration command "ebtables-A FORWARD -p ipv4 -i eth0 / eth1 --ip-proto(6 / 17)--ip-dst(destination Internet Protocol (IP))--ip-dport(destination port)-j DROP". For example, the gateway device's table management module will obtain the user-inputted Ethernet bridge configuration information before the LAN port goes UP and send the Ethernet bridge configuration information to the Ethernet bridge module in advance. Here, the Ethernet bridge can be ebtables, and the Ethernet bridge configuration information can be ebtables entries. In related technologies, the three-layer structure of Ethernet bridge iptables itself does not involve operations such as MAC physical address processing. Due to limitations such as these factors, Ethernet bridge iptables and iptables entries can be omitted here.

[0045] Step S202: The Ethernet bridge configuration information is sent to the Ethernet bridge module of the gateway device through the table entry management module of the gateway device.

[0046] Here, Ethernet bridge configuration information can be used to establish forwarding chains and input chains. Forwarding chains forward request packets to the IPTV port, while input chains receive request packets from all LAN ports. For example, using Ethernet bridge ebtables to create a rule chain (i.e., a forwarding chain) for the outbound direction of the IPTV private network virtual WAN, this forwarding chain DROPs all request packets by default. The configuration commands can be "ebtables-NIPTV_FORWARD-PDROP" and "ebtables-IFORWARD-o${IPTV private network virtual WAN name in the kernel (i.e., the first physical address)}-jIPTV_FORWARD". Similarly, using ebtables to create a rule chain (i.e., an input chain) for the INPUT direction, this input chain ACCEPTs all request packets by default. The configuration commands can be "ebtables -N IPTV_INPUT" and "ebtables-I INPUT -j IPTV_INPUT".

[0047] Ethernet bridge configuration information can also be used to add rules in the forwarding chain that allow request packets to enter the IPTV port, and to add rules in the gateway device's output chain that allow request packets to exit from the IPTV port; for example, using ebtables for port isolation. The configuration commands can be "ebtables -A IPTV_INPUT -i${IPTV private network virtual WAN name in the kernel (i.e., the first physical address)}-jDROP", which helps reduce the phenomenon of IPTV private network request packets rushing to the gateway device's kernel; and "ebtables -I OUTPUT -o ${IPTV private network virtual WAN name in the kernel (i.e., the first physical address)}-jDROP", which helps reduce unnecessary gateway device kernel packets rushing to the IPTV port, etc.

[0048] Since request messages in OTT mode need to pass through the kernel of the gateway device, we do not need to consider the possibility of Internet request messages in OTT mode rushing into the kernel of the gateway device, causing data transmission disorder, etc.

[0049] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the gateway device sends Ethernet bridge configuration information to the Ethernet bridge module of the gateway device through the table entry management module, so that the Ethernet bridge module executes the Ethernet bridge configuration information. This can reduce the phenomenon of request packets in the IPTV model rushing to the kernel of the gateway device, and reduce the phenomenon of unnecessary kernel packets rushing to the IPTV port, etc.

[0050] This disclosure provides a data transmission method, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the method includes the following steps S301 to S305:

[0051] Steps S304 to S305 correspond to the aforementioned steps S101 to S102, respectively. When implementing these steps, the specific implementation methods of the aforementioned steps S101 to S102 can be referred to.

[0052] Step S301: Obtain the mode switching instruction from the service platform and the set of physical addresses associated with the Ethernet bridge.

[0053] Here, the service platform can be a server or other device that provides video data to users. The service platform can include at least IPTV and OTT operation platforms. The mode switching command refers to a command used to control the gateway device to switch modes. The mode switching command carries the operating mode to be switched to and the second physical address. The operating mode to be switched to can be the operating mode the gateway device wants to switch to; for example, if the gateway device is currently in OTT mode, the operating mode to be switched to can be IPTV mode. The second physical address (STB-MAC) can be the physical address of the terminal device. For example, if the terminal device is a TV set-top box, the mode switching command can carry "Change2Type: the operating mode to switch to (e.g., IPTV mode)" and "STB-MAC: the MAC physical address of the TV set-top box (e.g., f4:d9:c6:88:60:71)".

[0054] The physical address set associated with an Ethernet bridge can refer to a set of multiple second physical addresses received by the gateway device from the service platform. The terminal devices corresponding to the physical addresses in this set can use the current Ethernet bridge to implement the current operating mode. For example, the gateway device adds the second physical address from the current mode switching command to the historical physical address set to obtain the current physical address set, thus updating the physical address set. The gateway device can also store the current physical address set in a preset storage space, which helps to quickly and accurately forward request packets to the corresponding WAN port later.

[0055] Step S302: Using the filtering module of the gateway device, verify the working mode to be switched and the preset reference mode to obtain the verification result.

[0056] Here, the preset reference mode can refer to the working mode being verified against the working mode to be switched to. The reference mode can be OTT mode or IPTV mode; it is not limited here. The filtering module can verify whether the working mode to be switched to is the same as the preset reference mode. If they are the same, the verification is considered successful; if they are different, the verification is considered to have failed. For example, if the reference mode is IPTV mode, the filtering module determines that Change2Type == IPTV, obtains the output result, and uses the output result as the verification result. The output result includes True and False. An output result of True indicates successful verification, and an output result of False indicates verification failure.

[0057] Step S303: Based on the second physical address, adjust the Ethernet bridge and the physical address set using an adjustment method that matches the verification result to complete the switching of the working mode of the gateway device.

[0058] Here, adjustments can include adding, deleting, and modifying tables, chains, and rules in the Ethernet bridge. Different verification results correspond to different adjustment methods. For example, successful verification corresponds to adding Ethernet bridge chains and rules, and adding the second physical address to the physical address set; failed verification corresponds to deleting Ethernet bridge chains and rules, and deleting the second physical address from the physical address set. The gateway device switches its operating mode by adjusting the Ethernet bridge and physical address set. Specifically, adjusting the Ethernet bridge and physical address set enables IPTV mode when forwarding request packets to the IPTV port using the Ethernet bridge, and OTT mode when forwarding request packets to the OTT port using the Ethernet bridge.

[0059] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the gateway device can obtain a mode switching instruction from the service platform and a set of physical addresses associated with the Ethernet bridge; wherein, the mode switching instruction carries the operating mode to be switched and a second physical address; using the filtering module of the gateway device, the operating mode to be switched is verified against a preset reference mode to obtain a verification result; wherein, the verification result includes verification success and verification failure; based on the second physical address, using an adjustment method that matches the verification result, the Ethernet bridge and the set of physical addresses are adjusted accurately and quickly to complete the switching of the operating mode of the gateway device.

[0060] In some embodiments, the reference mode is the IPTV mode, and step S303 may include the following steps S3031 to S3032:

[0061] Step S3031: If the verification result indicates that the verification is successful, add the second physical address to the physical address set.

[0062] Here, if the gateway device is currently operating in OTT mode, then the mode to be switched to is IPTV mode. If the reference mode is IPTV mode, then the mode to be switched to is equal to the reference mode. The gateway device's filtering module determines that the verification result indicates successful verification. Therefore, the gateway device's filtering module can add the second physical address to the physical address set, updating the physical address set. Simultaneously, the gateway device's filtering module can send a binding command to the gateway module's entry management module. This binding command represents the binding relationship (MAC-IPTV_WAN) between the second physical address of the terminal device to be switched and the IPTV port.

[0063] Step S3032: Add the allow rule for the second physical address to the forwarding chain and add the drop rule for the second physical address to the input chain to complete the switching of the gateway device from the OTT mode to the IPTV mode.

[0064] Here, after receiving the binding command, the gateway device's table management module can send a configuration command to the Ethernet bridge module. This configuration command adds an ACCEPT rule for the second physical address to the forwarding chain and a DROP rule for the second physical address to the input chain, thereby switching the gateway device from OTT mode to IPTV mode. For example, the configuration command can be "ebtables -A IPTV_FORWARD -s ${the MAC address of the set-top box (i.e., the second physical address)}-j ACCEPT" and "ebtables -A IPTV_INPUT -s ${the MAC address of the set-top box (i.e., the second physical address)}-jDROP", etc. Here, for each IPTV set-top box bound to the IPTV port, the gateway device can add ACCEPT and DROP rules to the IPTV_FORWARD and IPTV_INPUT rule chains respectively, based on the MAC physical address of the set-top box. After the switch is completed, the gateway device can send a configuration complete (AcknowledgeCharacter, ACK) message to the service platform.

[0065] In some embodiments, after receiving a configuration completion message, the service platform can send a mode switching instruction to the terminal device (such as a TV set-top box in pre-switching mode). This instruction includes at least "Change2Type: the desired mode (e.g., IPTV mode)". Upon receiving the instruction, the terminal device can switch its operating mode to the corresponding mode according to a preset procedure, then re-initiate the request message. Finally, the terminal device ends the mode switching process by sending a configuration completion message to the service platform.

[0066] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the gateway device, upon successful verification of the verification result, adds the second physical address to the physical address set; adds the allow rule for the second physical address to the forwarding chain; and adds the drop rule for the second physical address to the input chain, thereby quickly and accurately completing the switching of the gateway device from OTT mode to IPTV mode.

[0067] In some embodiments, the reference mode is the IPTV mode, and step S303 may include the following steps S3131 to S3132:

[0068] Step S3131: If the verification result indicates that the verification has failed, the second physical address is deleted from the physical address set.

[0069] Here, if the gateway device's current operating mode is IPTV mode, then the operating mode to be switched to is OTT mode. If the reference mode is IPTV mode, then the operating mode to be switched to is not equal to the reference mode. If the gateway device's filtering module determines that the verification result indicates verification failure, then the gateway device's filtering module can delete the second physical address from the physical address set, thereby updating the physical address set. Simultaneously, the gateway device's filtering module can send an unbinding command to the gateway module's entry management module. This unbinding command can be used to release the binding relationship (MAC-IPTV_WAN) between the second physical address of the terminal device to be switched and the IPTV port.

[0070] Step S3132: Delete the allow rule for the second physical address in the forwarding chain and the discard rule for the second physical address in the input chain, and complete the switch of the gateway device from IPTV mode to OTT mode.

[0071] Here, after receiving the unbinding command, the gateway device's table management module can send a configuration command to the Ethernet bridge module. This configuration command is used to delete the allow rule for the second physical address in the forwarding chain and the drop rule for the second physical address in the input chain, thereby switching the gateway device from IPTV mode to OTT mode. For example, the configuration command can be "ebtables -D IPTV_FORWARD -s ${the MAC address of the set-top box (i.e., the second physical address)}-jACCEPT" and "ebtables -D IPTV_INPUT -s ${the MAC address of the set-top box (i.e., the second physical address)}-jDROP", etc. Here, for each IPTV set-top box unbound to the IPTV port, the gateway device deletes the ACCEPT and DROP rules in the IPTV_FORWARD and IPTV_INPUT rule chains respectively for the MAC physical address of the set-top box. After the switch is completed, the gateway device can send a configuration completion (Acknowledge Character, ACK) message to the service platform.

[0072] In some embodiments, after receiving a configuration completion message, the service platform can send a mode switching instruction to the terminal device (such as a TV set-top box in pre-switching mode). This instruction includes at least "Change2Type: the desired mode (e.g., OTT mode)". Upon receiving the instruction, the terminal device can switch its operating mode to the corresponding mode according to a preset procedure, then re-initiate the request message. Finally, the terminal device ends the mode switching process by sending a configuration completion message to the service platform.

[0073] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the gateway device accurately and quickly completes the switching from IPTV mode to OTT mode by deleting the second physical address from the physical address set when the verification result indicates that the verification has failed; deleting the allow rule for the second physical address in the forwarding chain and the discard rule for the second physical address in the input chain.

[0074] This disclosure provides a data transmission method, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the method includes the following steps S401 to S404:

[0075] Step S401 corresponds to the aforementioned step S101, and can be implemented with reference to the specific implementation of the aforementioned step S101.

[0076] Step S402: Match the first physical address and the set of physical addresses to obtain a matching result.

[0077] Here, the matching result can include successful matching and failed matching. The filtering module of the gateway device can match the first physical address with each physical address in the preset physical address set. If the first physical address exists in the physical address set, the matching result indicates a successful match; if the first physical address does not exist in the physical address set, the matching result indicates a failed match.

[0078] Step S403: If the matching result indicates that the first physical address belongs to the set of physical addresses, the request message is forwarded to the IPTV port using an Ethernet bridge that matches the IPTV mode.

[0079] Here, if the first physical address exists in the current set of physical addresses, the request message is forwarded to the IPTV port, etc., using the Ethernet bridge in IPTV mode.

[0080] Step S404: If the matching result indicates that the first physical address does not belong to the set of physical addresses, the request message is forwarded to the OTT port using an Ethernet bridge that matches the OTT mode.

[0081] Here, if the first physical address does not exist in the current set of physical addresses, the Ethernet bridge in OTT mode is used to forward the request message to the OTT port, etc.

[0082] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the gateway device obtains a matching result by matching the first physical address with the set of physical addresses. It can then use the Ethernet bridge corresponding to the matching result to quickly and accurately forward the request message to the IPTV port or OTT port.

[0083] The following describes the application of the data transmission provided in this disclosure in a real-world scenario, using a data transmission system composed of a service platform, gateway device, and terminal device as an example. Figure 5 As shown, the data transmission system may include a TV terminal management and service operation layer and a TV terminal access network and data transmission layer.

[0084] The TV terminal management and service operation layer can be a service platform 501, which may include: a set-top box mode management component 5011, a set-top box terminal authentication component 5012, an IPTV private network TV operation platform (i.e., an IPTV operation platform) 5013, and an OTT mode TV operation platform (i.e., an OTT operation platform) 5014, etc. The set-top box mode management component 5011 can be used to manage and control the working mode of the TV set-top box; the set-top box terminal authentication component 5012 can be used to authenticate the access account of the TV set-top box; the IPTV private network TV operation platform 5013 can be used for the broadcast control and distribution of live, replay, and on-demand program content for IPTV mode set-top boxes; and the OTT mode TV operation platform 5014 can be used for the broadcast control and distribution of live, replay, and on-demand program content for OTT mode set-top boxes.

[0085] The TV terminal access network and data transmission layer can be further divided into two segments: the home intranet 502 and the home access network 503. The home intranet 502 contains TV set-top boxes (i.e., terminal devices) 5021 and gateway devices (such as optical modems ONUs) 5022, which are connected by network cables. The home access network 503 contains network elements such as optical line terminals (OLTs) 5031, optical transport networks (OTNs) 5032, VLAN switches 5033, and broadband remote access servers (BRASs) 5034, which are connected by optical fibers. Multiple logically independent transmission channels are isolated on the same optical fiber using VLAN tags, including "IPTV private network data transmission channels" and "OTT data and Internet data transmission channels." The IPTV private network data transmission channel can be used to transmit request messages in IPTV mode, while the OTT data and Internet data transmission channel can be used to transmit request messages in OTT mode. Different components can use different transmission channels to transmit data. For example, the TV set-top box 5021 and the set-top box mode management component 5011 transmit data through the set-top box mode switching management channel, and the gateway device 5022 and the IPTV private network TV operation platform 5013 transmit data through the IPTV private network data transmission channel.

[0086] The key component of the entire data transmission system is the gateway device 5022, which contains the crucial structure that enables the set-top box to switch between IPTV and OTT modes seamlessly, without requiring on-site installation or maintenance. For example... Figure 6As shown, gateway device 5022 may include: OTT port 601, iptables module 602, kernel br0 interface 603, ebtables module (i.e., Ethernet bridge module) 604, DHCP-server 605, filtering module 606, table entry management module 607, IPTV port 608, first LAN port (LAN1) 609, second LAN port (LAN2) 610, third LAN port (LAN3) 611, fourth LAN port (LAN4) 612, etc. Internally, the gateway device can use MAC-WAN binding to forward request packets.

[0087] Compared to related technologies where IPTV and Internet data are encapsulated in different VLANs within a single network cable to switch between OTT and IPTV modes, this approach suffers from high networking costs. For each additional location (where IPTV is viewed or where wired internet is available), an additional VLAN-enabled device needs to be purchased. Alternatively, modifications are made to the IPTV smart terminal, equipping it with dual network cards (one virtual card to achieve the overall purpose of a single physical network port) to switch between OTT and IPTV modes. While this allows the IPTV smart terminal to access the internet and watch IPTV simultaneously, other Internet devices (PCs, mobile phones, OTT boxes) cannot share the same network cable, requiring a separate cable from the optical modem. Furthermore, this restricts the virtual network card for Internet services on the IPTV smart terminal to dial and send / receive data using Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE), lacking flexibility. Finally, the home gateway receives DHCP... After discovering a broadcast message, it checks if the Option60 field of the broadcast message has a SCITV identifier to switch between OTT and IPTV modes. However, for downlink multicast messages of IPTV live streaming services, it does not perform "multicast to unicast" processing, resulting in other terminals under the gateway (such as personal computers, mobile phones, and OTT boxes) being subjected to a large amount of "multicast noise," affecting the transmission efficiency of the entire home network. Alternatively, an uplink MAC address-based traffic splitting and downlink IPTV multicast to unicast technology can be used to switch between OTT and IPTV modes. However, because OpenFlow entries are difficult to implement at the chip level on current mainstream ARM and MIPS chip routers and gateways, it is difficult to achieve the gigabit forwarding rate of the router / gateway port. This results in low compatibility and poor versatility of the entire solution with existing chips, making it difficult to quickly scale up and promote.

[0088] This disclosure presents a novel structure and component composition for a TV (broadband live TV) service operation system, and provides a complete process and method for switching between OTT and IPTV modes. Furthermore, it proposes a method for switching the TV set-top box's operating mode based on ebtables rule changes on the gateway. This method facilitates compatibility with mainstream ARM and MIPS chips on current routers and gateways, achieves the nominal gigabit forwarding rate of the network port, and exhibits better compatibility and versatility, making it easy to rapidly scale up and deploy.

[0089] Based on the foregoing embodiments, this disclosure provides a data transmission device, which includes the included units and the modules included in each unit, which can be implemented by a processor in a computer device; of course, it can also be implemented by specific logic circuits; in the implementation process, the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor unit (MPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0090] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, the data transmission device 700 includes: a determining module 710 and a first forwarding module 720, wherein:

[0091] The determining module 710 is configured to determine the current operating mode of the gateway device in response to a request message received from the terminal device; wherein the current operating mode of the gateway device includes at least IPTV mode or OTT mode; the request message carries the first physical address of the terminal device; and the first forwarding module 720 is configured to forward the request message to a WAN port matching the first physical address using an Ethernet bridge that matches the operating mode.

[0092] In some embodiments, the WAN port includes an OTT port and an IPTV port, and the gateway device includes at least an Ethernet bridge module, an entry management module, and a filtering module; the device further includes: a first acquisition module, configured to acquire preset Ethernet bridge configuration information when the LAN port of the gateway device is switched from off to on; and a second forwarding module, configured to send the Ethernet bridge configuration information to the Ethernet bridge module of the gateway device through the entry management module of the gateway device; wherein the Ethernet bridge configuration information is used to establish a forwarding chain and an input chain, the forwarding chain is used to forward the request message to the IPTV port, and the input chain is used to receive request messages from all the LAN ports; the Ethernet bridge configuration information is also used to add rules in the forwarding chain that allow the request message to be input to the IPTV port, and to add rules in the output chain of the gateway device that allow the request message to be output from the IPTV port.

[0093] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes: a second acquisition module, configured to acquire a mode switching instruction from a service platform and a set of physical addresses associated with the Ethernet bridge; wherein the mode switching instruction carries a working mode to be switched and a second physical address; a verification module, configured to use the filtering module of the gateway device to verify the working mode to be switched against a preset reference mode, and obtain the verification result; wherein the verification result includes verification success and verification failure; and an adjustment module, configured to adjust the Ethernet bridge and the set of physical addresses based on the second physical address and using an adjustment method matching the verification result, thereby completing the switching of the working mode of the gateway device.

[0094] In some embodiments, the reference mode is the IPTV mode; the adjustment module is further configured to: add the second physical address to the physical address set when the verification result indicates that the verification is successful; add the allow rule for the second physical address to the forwarding chain, and add the drop rule for the second physical address to the input chain, thereby completing the switching of the gateway device from the OTT mode to the IPTV mode.

[0095] In some embodiments, the reference mode is the IPTV mode; the adjustment module is further configured to: delete the second physical address from the physical address set if the verification result indicates that the verification failed; delete the allow rule for the second physical address in the forwarding chain and the discard rule for the second physical address in the input chain, thereby completing the switch of the gateway device from the IPTV mode to the OTT mode.

[0096] In some embodiments, the first forwarding module is further configured to: match the first physical address and the set of physical addresses to obtain a matching result; if the matching result indicates that the first physical address belongs to the set of physical addresses, forward the request message to the IPTV port using an Ethernet bridge that matches the IPTV mode; if the matching result indicates that the first physical address does not belong to the set of physical addresses, forward the request message to the OTT port using an Ethernet bridge that matches the OTT mode.

[0097] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes an extraction module, configured to extract fields from the request message using the filtering module of the gateway device to obtain the first physical address.

[0098] The descriptions of the apparatus embodiments above are similar to those of the method embodiments above, and have similar beneficial effects. In some embodiments, the functions or modules included in the apparatus provided in this disclosure can be used to perform the methods described in the method embodiments above. For technical details not disclosed in the apparatus embodiments of this disclosure, please refer to the descriptions of the method embodiments of this disclosure for understanding.

[0099] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this disclosure, if the above-described data transmission method is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of this disclosure, or the part that contributes to related technologies, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of this disclosure. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disks, or optical disks. Thus, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to any specific hardware, software, or firmware, or any combination of hardware, software, and firmware.

[0100] This disclosure provides a computer device including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program that can run on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements some or all of the steps in the above-described method.

[0101] This disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements some or all of the steps in the above-described method. The computer-readable storage medium may be transient or non-transient.

[0102] This disclosure provides a computer program including computer-readable code, wherein when the computer-readable code is executed in a computer device, a processor in the computer device performs some or all of the steps in the above-described method.

[0103] This disclosure provides a computer program product, which includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is read and executed by a computer, it implements some or all of the steps in the above-described method. This computer program product can be implemented specifically through hardware, software, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the computer program product is specifically embodied as a computer storage medium; in other embodiments, the computer program product is specifically embodied as a software product, such as a software development kit (SDK), etc.

[0104] It should be noted that the descriptions of the various embodiments above tend to emphasize the differences between them, while their similarities or commonalities can be referenced interchangeably. The descriptions of the above embodiments of the device, storage medium, computer program, and computer program product are similar to the descriptions of the above method embodiments and have similar beneficial effects. For technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of the device, storage medium, computer program, and computer program product of this disclosure, please refer to the descriptions of the method embodiments of this disclosure for understanding.

[0105] It should be noted that, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a hardware entity of a computer device in an embodiment of this disclosure, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the hardware entity of the computer device 800 includes: a processor 801, a communication interface 802, and a memory 803, wherein:

[0106] Processor 801 typically controls the overall operation of computer device 800.

[0107] The communication interface 802 enables computer devices to communicate with other terminals or servers over a network.

[0108] The memory 803 is configured to store instructions and applications executable by the processor 801, and can also cache data to be processed or already processed (e.g., image data, audio data, voice communication data, and video communication data) in the processor 801 and various modules in the computer device 800. It can be implemented using flash memory or random access memory (RAM). Data transfer between the processor 801, the communication interface 802, and the memory 803 can be performed via bus 804.

[0109] It should be understood that the phrase "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this disclosure. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "one embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this disclosure, the sequence numbers of the above steps / processes do not imply a sequential order of execution; the execution order of each step / process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this disclosure. The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of this disclosure are merely descriptive and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0110] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0111] In the several embodiments provided in this disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as: multiple units or components may be combined, or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the various components shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0112] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units. They may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0113] In addition, each functional unit in the various embodiments of this disclosure can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be a separate unit, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit; the integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0114] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps of the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as mobile storage devices, read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0115] Alternatively, if the integrated units described above are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this disclosure, or the part that contributes to related technologies, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of this disclosure. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as mobile storage devices, ROM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0116] The methods disclosed in the several method embodiments provided in this disclosure can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method embodiments.

[0117] If the embodiments of this disclosure involve personal information, the products using these embodiments have clearly informed the users of the personal information processing rules and obtained their voluntary consent before processing the personal information. If the embodiments of this disclosure involve sensitive personal information, the products using these embodiments have obtained the individual's separate consent before processing the sensitive personal information, and the requirement of "express consent" is also met.

[0118] The above description is merely an embodiment of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that, Applied to gateway devices, including: In response to a request message from a terminal device, the gateway device determines its current operating mode; wherein the current operating mode of the gateway device includes at least IPTV mode or OTT mode; the request message carries the first physical address of the terminal device; The request message is forwarded to the WAN port that matches the first physical address using an Ethernet bridge that matches the operating mode. The WAN port includes an OTT port and an IPTV port; the gateway device includes at least an Ethernet bridge module, a table management module, and a filtering module; the method further includes: When the LAN port of the gateway device is switched from off to on, the preset Ethernet bridge configuration information is obtained; The Ethernet bridge configuration information is sent to the Ethernet bridge module of the gateway device through the table management module; wherein, the Ethernet bridge configuration information is used to establish a forwarding chain and an input chain, the forwarding chain is used to forward the request message to the IPTV port, and the input chain is used to receive request messages from all the LAN ports; the Ethernet bridge configuration information is also used to add rules to the forwarding chain that allow the request message to be input to the IPTV port, and to add rules to the output chain of the gateway device that allow the request message to be output from the IPTV port; Obtain the mode switching instruction from the service platform and the set of physical addresses associated with the Ethernet bridge; wherein the mode switching instruction carries the operating mode to be switched and the second physical address; The filtering module of the gateway device is used to verify the working mode to be switched and the preset reference mode to obtain the verification result; wherein, the verification result includes verification success and verification failure. Based on the second physical address, the Ethernet bridge and the physical address set are adjusted using an adjustment method that matches the verification result, thereby completing the switching of the working mode of the gateway device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference mode is the IPTV mode; the adjustment of the Ethernet bridge and the physical address set based on the second physical address and using an adjustment method matching the verification result to complete the switching of the working mode of the gateway device includes: If the verification result indicates that the verification was successful, the second physical address is added to the physical address set; The allow rule for the second physical address is added to the forwarding chain, and the drop rule for the second physical address is added to the input chain to complete the switching of the gateway device from the OTT mode to the IPTV mode.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference mode is the IPTV mode; the adjustment of the Ethernet bridge and the physical address set based on the second physical address and using an adjustment method matching the verification result to complete the switching of the working mode of the gateway device includes: If the verification result indicates that the verification has failed, the second physical address shall be removed from the physical address set. Delete the allow rule for the second physical address in the forwarding chain and the discard rule for the second physical address in the input chain to complete the switch of the gateway device from IPTV mode to OTT mode.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of forwarding the request message to the WAN port matching the first physical address using an Ethernet bridge that matches the operating mode includes: The first physical address and the set of physical addresses are matched to obtain a matching result; If the matching result indicates that the first physical address belongs to the set of physical addresses, the request message is forwarded to the IPTV port using an Ethernet bridge that matches the IPTV mode. If the matching result indicates that the first physical address does not belong to the set of physical addresses, the request message is forwarded to the OTT port using an Ethernet bridge that matches the OTT mode.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first physical address is obtained by extracting fields from the request message using the filtering module of the gateway device.

6. A data transmission device, characterized in that, Applied to gateway devices, including: The determination module is used to determine the current operating mode of the gateway device in response to a request message from the received terminal device; wherein the current operating mode of the gateway device includes at least IPTV mode or OTT mode; the request message carries the first physical address of the terminal device; The first forwarding module is used to forward the request message to a WAN port that matches the first physical address using an Ethernet bridge that matches the operating mode; the WAN port includes an OTT port and an IPTV port, and the gateway device includes at least an Ethernet bridge module, an entry management module, and a filtering module. The first acquisition module is used to acquire preset Ethernet bridge configuration information when the LAN port of the gateway device is switched from off to on. The second forwarding module is used to send the Ethernet bridge configuration information to the Ethernet bridge module of the gateway device through the table management module of the gateway device; wherein, the Ethernet bridge configuration information is used to establish a forwarding chain and an input chain, the forwarding chain is used to forward the request message to the IPTV port, and the input chain is used to receive request messages from all the LAN ports; the Ethernet bridge configuration information is also used to add rules to the forwarding chain that allow the request message to be input to the IPTV port, and to add rules to the output chain of the gateway device that allow the request message to be output from the IPTV port; The second acquisition module is used to acquire the mode switching instruction of the service platform and the set of physical addresses associated with the Ethernet bridge; wherein, the mode switching instruction carries the working mode to be switched and the second physical address; The verification module is used to verify the working mode to be switched and the preset reference mode using the filtering module of the gateway device, and obtain the verification result; wherein, the verification result includes verification success and verification failure. The adjustment module is used to adjust the Ethernet bridge and the set of physical addresses based on the second physical address and using an adjustment method that matches the verification result, thereby completing the switching of the working mode of the gateway device.

7. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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