River dredging system and use method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a river channel dredging system and a method for using the same. The system includes a dredging vessel, wherein an auger is provided on the hull of the dredging vessel, a cutter is provided at the front end of the auger, a dredging pipe is provided on one side of the auger, the lower end of the dredging pipe is close to the cutter, a first centrifugal pump is provided at the upper end of the dredging pipe, the outlet of the first centrifugal pump is connected to a separation mechanism via a dispersing mechanism, and the separation mechanism is connected to a closed pipeline via a second centrifugal pump. The dispersing mechanism includes a vertical tube body with a closed upper end, a first motor is provided at the upper end of the tube body, a first drive shaft is provided within the tube body, the first drive shaft is connected to the output end of the first motor, a cutting assembly and a drive assembly are provided on the first drive shaft, a first inlet connected to the first centrifugal pump is provided on the side wall of the upper portion of the tube body, and the cutting assembly and the drive assembly are both located below the first inlet. The present invention has the advantages of effectively recovering sand and gravel and reducing the moisture content of bottom mud.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of river dredging, and in particular relates to a river dredging system and a method of use. Background Art

[0002] River dredging is one of the essential water management tasks in water conservancy projects. Currently, the main method for removing silt from rivers is to use a cutter suction dredging ship.

[0003] The structure of the existing dredging ship includes a hull, on which is an auger. A low-speed rotating cutter is provided at the front end of the auger. The auger drives the cutter to rotate. The auger can rotate in the vertical plane or swing in the horizontal plane. The height of the cutter is adjusted by rotating up and down so that the cutter reaches the riverbed. The cutter is swung to cut the bottom mud on the riverbed in a fan shape. A rigid mud suction pipe is provided on one side of the auger. The lower end of the mud suction pipe is close to the cutter. The upper end of the mud suction pipe is connected to a centrifugal pump. The outlet of the centrifugal pump is provided with a flexible closed pipe. The centrifugal pump generates vacuum suction, so that the bottom mud cut by the cutter is extracted together with the river water, and transported to the shore yard through the mud suction pipe and the closed pipe.

[0004] In some river channels, sediment and sand and gravel coexist, and the sediment and sand and gravel are transported to the yard together. Due to the high mud content of sand and gravel, they cannot be used for concrete pouring in the construction industry. Sand and gravel and sediment are generally landfilled at the same time, resulting in a waste of resources. Especially now that sand and gravel resources are becoming increasingly scarce, while market demand is increasing, the waste of sand and gravel is particularly regrettable.

[0005] In addition, the water content of the bottom mud is particularly high, which requires a large area of ​​the yard and increases the subsequent processing time (sedimentation and separation treatment). Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a river channel desilting system and a method for using the system, which has the advantages of effectively recovering sand and gravel and reducing the moisture content of bottom mud.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a river dredging system includes a dredging ship, a hull of the dredging ship is provided with an auger, the front end of the auger is provided with a cutter, one side of the auger is provided with a mud suction pipe, the lower end of the mud suction pipe is close to the cutter, the upper end of the mud suction pipe is provided with a first centrifugal pump, the outlet of the first centrifugal pump is connected to a separation mechanism through a breaking mechanism, and the separation mechanism is connected to a closed pipeline through a second centrifugal pump.

[0008] In the aforementioned river dredging system, the breaking up mechanism includes a vertical tube body, the upper end of the tube body is closed, a first motor is provided at the upper end of the tube body, a first drive shaft is provided in the tube body, the first drive shaft is connected to the output end of the first motor, a cutting assembly and a drive assembly are provided on the first drive shaft, and a first inlet connected to a first centrifugal pump is provided on the side wall of the upper part of the tube body, and the cutting assembly and the drive assembly are both located below the first inlet.

[0009] In the aforementioned river dredging system, there are multiple cutting components, each of which includes multiple horizontal blades that are evenly distributed circumferentially. The driving component includes multiple spiral blades that are evenly distributed circumferentially, and both the blades and the spiral blades are fixed to the first driving shaft.

[0010] In the aforementioned river channel desilting system, the separation mechanism includes a housing, a first cylinder is disposed within the housing, a first discharge outlet is disposed at one end of the first cylinder, a second discharge outlet is disposed at the other end of the first cylinder, and one end of the first cylinder is contracted inwardly to form a first conical portion;

[0011] A second cylinder is provided in the first cylinder, a plurality of filter holes are provided on the outer circumference of the second cylinder, a third discharge outlet is provided at one end of the second cylinder, an axial distance between the third discharge outlet and the first cylinder is smaller than an axial distance between the second discharge outlet and the first cylinder, a fourth discharge outlet is provided at the other end of the second cylinder, one end of the second cylinder extends out of the first cylinder and is rotatably connected to the casing, one end of the second cylinder contracts inwardly to form a second conical portion, the second conical portion is located on the inner side of the first conical portion, a spiral first pushing plate is provided between the second cylinder and the first cylinder, the outer side of the first pushing plate is in contact with the first cylinder, and the inner side of the first pushing plate is fixed to the second cylinder by a first bracket;

[0012] A second driving shaft is provided in the second cylinder, one end of the second driving shaft passes through the second cylinder and the casing in sequence, a flow channel is provided in the second driving shaft, one end of the flow channel is connected to the lower end of the tube body through a rotating joint, and the other end of the flow channel is located in the middle of the second driving shaft, a spiral second pushing plate is provided on the outer circumference of the second driving shaft, a spiral third pushing plate is provided on the outer side of the second pushing plate, the outer side of the third pushing plate is in contact with the second cylinder, and the inner side of the third pushing plate is fixed to the second driving shaft through the second bracket;

[0013] The spiral directions of the first pushing plate and the second pushing plate are opposite, and the spiral directions of the first pushing plate and the third pushing plate are the same;

[0014] A power mechanism is arranged outside the casing, and the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the second driving shaft are all connected to the power mechanism.

[0015] In the aforementioned river channel dredging system, the other end of the first cylinder is provided with a first adapter sleeve extending out of the housing, the first adapter sleeve is communicated with the interior of the first cylinder, a first transmission wheel is provided on the outside of the first adapter sleeve, a second adapter sleeve fixed to the second cylinder is provided inside the first adapter sleeve, the second adapter sleeve extends out of the first adapter sleeve and is provided with a second transmission wheel at the protruding end of the second adapter sleeve, the second drive shaft extends out of the second adapter sleeve and is provided with a third transmission wheel at the protruding end of the second drive shaft;

[0016] The power mechanism includes a second motor fixed on the top of the casing, and the output end of the second motor is sequentially provided with a fourth transmission wheel, a fifth transmission wheel and a sixth transmission wheel, and belts are provided between the fourth transmission wheel and the first transmission wheel, between the fifth transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel, and between the sixth transmission wheel and the third transmission wheel.

[0017] In the aforementioned river channel dredging system, the first adapter sleeve is connected to the housing bearing, the first adapter sleeve is connected to the second adapter sleeve bearing, and the second adapter sleeve is connected to the second drive shaft bearing.

[0018] In the aforementioned river channel desilting system, one end of the first cylinder is connected to a bearing at one end of the second cylinder, and one end of the second cylinder is connected to a bearing of the casing.

[0019] In the aforementioned river dredging system, a conical sealing ring is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the other end of the second cylinder, the outer side of the sealing ring is fixed to the first cylinder, the inner side of the sealing ring is elastically connected to the second cylinder, and the small end of the sealing ring faces the second discharge outlet.

[0020] In the aforementioned river channel desilting system, a drainage outlet, a mud discharge outlet and a sand discharge hole are provided at the bottom of the casing.

[0021] The aforementioned method of using the river channel desilting system is to disperse the lumpy bottom mud into a slurry through the dispersing mechanism, so that the sand and gravel wrapped in the bottom mud fall out;

[0022] The first cylinder, the second cylinder and the second drive shaft are rotated in the same direction by a power mechanism, and the rotation speeds of the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the second drive shaft are increased or decreased in sequence, so that river water, bottom mud and sand are separated and discharged from the drain outlet, mud outlet and sand discharge hole respectively. The discharged bottom mud enters the closed pipeline through the second centrifugal pump and is transported to the yard.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adds a dispersing mechanism and a separating mechanism to the existing dredging vessel. The extracted sludge is first dispersed by the dispersing mechanism, so that the lumpy sludge is mixed with river water into a slurry. The sand and gravel in the sludge can fall out and then be sent to the separating mechanism to separate the river water, sludge, and gravel, effectively recovering the gravel and reducing the moisture content of the sludge, reducing the required land area of ​​the storage yard, and shortening the post-processing time. By providing a sealing ring, the sludge moisture content is further reduced, and the backflow of sludge into the river channel is prevented, thereby improving the dredging efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the breaking up mechanism.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the separation mechanism.

[0026] The marks in the accompanying drawings are: 1-mud suction pipe, 2-first centrifugal pump, 3-rotary joint, 5-tube, 6-first motor, 7-first drive shaft, 8-first inlet, 9-blade, 10-spiral blade, 11-casing, 12-first cylinder, 13-first discharge outlet, 14-second discharge outlet, 15-first conical part, 16-second cylinder, 17-filter hole, 18-third discharge outlet, 19-fourth discharge outlet, 20-second conical part, 21-first push plate, 22-first bracket, 23-first Second drive shaft, 24-flow channel, 25-second push plate, 26-third push plate, 27-second bracket, 28-first adapter sleeve, 30-first transmission wheel, 31-second adapter sleeve, 32-second transmission wheel, 33-third transmission wheel, 34-second motor, 35-fourth transmission wheel, 36-fifth transmission wheel, 37-sixth transmission wheel, 38-belt, 39-sealing ring, 40-drain outlet, 41-mud discharge outlet, 42-sand discharge hole, 43-retaining frame, 44-first partition, 45-second partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] Example. A river dredging system, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it is improved on the basis of the existing dredging ship. The hull of the dredging ship is provided with an auger, the front end of the auger is provided with a cutter, one side of the auger is provided with a mud suction pipe 1, the lower end of the mud suction pipe 1 is close to the cutter, and the upper end of the mud suction pipe 1 is provided with a first centrifugal pump 2. The characteristic is that the outlet of the first centrifugal pump 2 is connected to the separation mechanism through the breaking mechanism, and the separation mechanism is connected to the closed pipeline through the second centrifugal pump.

[0029] The breaking up mechanism includes a vertical tube body 5, the upper end of the tube body 5 is closed, the upper end of the tube body 5 is provided with a first motor 6, a first drive shaft 7 is provided in the tube body 5, the upper end of the first drive shaft 7 is connected to the output end of the first motor 6, and the lower end of the first drive shaft 7 is provided with a retaining frame 43, the retaining frame 43 is fixed to the tube body 5, and the retaining frame 43 is rotatably connected to the first drive shaft 7. The retaining frame 43 is used to prevent the first drive shaft 7 from swinging at a high speed. A cutting assembly and a driving assembly are provided on the first drive shaft 7, and a first inlet 8 connected to the first centrifugal pump 2 is provided on the side wall of the upper part of the tube body 5, and the cutting assembly and the driving assembly are both located below the first inlet 8.

[0030] There are multiple cutting components, each of which includes multiple horizontal blades 9 that are evenly distributed circumferentially. The driving component includes multiple spiral blades 10 that are evenly distributed circumferentially. Both the blades 9 and the spiral blades 10 are fixed to the first driving shaft 7.

[0031] The separation mechanism includes a housing 11, a plurality of supporting legs are provided at the bottom of the housing 11, a first cylinder 12 is provided in the housing 11, a plurality of first discharge ports 13 are provided at the right end of the first cylinder 12, a plurality of second discharge ports 14 are provided at the left end of the first cylinder 12, and the right end of the first cylinder 12 is contracted inwardly to form a first conical portion 15;

[0032] A second cylinder 16 is provided in the first cylinder 12. The outer circumference of the second cylinder 16 is densely covered with filter holes 17. The right end of the second cylinder 16 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed third discharge ports 18. The distribution circle diameter of the plurality of third discharge ports 18 is smaller than the distribution circle diameter of the plurality of second discharge ports 14. The left end of the second cylinder 16 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed fourth discharge ports 19. The right end of the second cylinder 16 extends out of the first cylinder 12 and is rotatably connected to the casing 11. The right end of the second cylinder 16 contracts inwards. A second conical portion 20 is formed, and the second conical portion 20 is located inside the first conical portion 15. The taper of the second conical portion 20 is smaller than that of the first conical portion 15, so that a channel with a smaller right side and a larger left side is formed between the second conical portion 20 and the first conical portion 15. A spiral first pushing plate 21 is provided between the second cylinder 16 and the first cylinder 12. The outer side of the first pushing plate 21 is in contact with the first cylinder 12, and the inner side of the first pushing plate 21 is fixed to the second cylinder 16 by a plurality of first brackets 22.

[0033] A second drive shaft 23 is provided in the second cylinder 16. The right end of the second drive shaft 23 passes through the second cylinder 16 and the housing 11 in sequence. A flow channel 24 is provided in the second drive shaft 23. The right end of the flow channel 24 is connected to the lower end of the tube body 5 through the rotary joint 3. The left end of the flow channel 24 is located in the middle of the second drive shaft 23. A spiral second push plate 25 is provided on the outer circumference of the second drive shaft 23. A spiral third push plate 26 is provided on the outer side of the second push plate 25. The outer side of the third push plate 26 is in contact with the second cylinder 16, and the inner side of the third push plate 26 is fixed to the second drive shaft 23 by a plurality of second brackets 27.

[0034] The spiral directions of the first pushing plate 21 and the second pushing plate 25 are opposite, and the spiral directions of the first pushing plate 21 and the third pushing plate 26 are the same;

[0035] A power mechanism is provided outside the housing 11 , and the first cylinder 12 , the second cylinder 16 and the second drive shaft 23 are all connected to the power mechanism.

[0036] A first adapter sleeve 28 extending from the housing 11 is provided at the left end of the first cylinder 12. The first adapter sleeve 28 is in communication with the interior of the first cylinder 12. A first transmission wheel 30 is provided on the outside of the first adapter sleeve 28. A second adapter sleeve 31 fixed to the second cylinder 16 is provided inside the first adapter sleeve 28. The second adapter sleeve 31 extends from the first adapter sleeve 28 and is provided with a second transmission wheel 32. The second drive shaft 23 extends from the second adapter sleeve 31 and is provided with a third transmission wheel 33.

[0037] The power mechanism includes a second motor 34 fixed to the top of the housing 11. The output end of the second motor 34 is sequentially provided with a fourth transmission wheel 35, a fifth transmission wheel 36 and a sixth transmission wheel 37. Belts 38 are provided between the fourth transmission wheel 35 and the first transmission wheel 30, between the fifth transmission wheel 36 and the second transmission wheel 32, and between the sixth transmission wheel 37 and the third transmission wheel 33.

[0038] The first adapter sleeve 28 is connected to the housing 11 by a bearing, the first adapter sleeve 28 is connected to the second adapter sleeve 31 by a bearing, and the second adapter sleeve 31 is connected to the second drive shaft 23 by a bearing.

[0039] The right end of the first cylinder 12 is connected to the right end of the second cylinder 16 by a bearing, and the right end of the second cylinder 16 is connected to the housing 11 by a bearing.

[0040] A conical sealing ring 39 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the left end of the second cylinder 16. The outer side of the sealing ring 39 is fixed to the first cylinder 12, and the inner side of the sealing ring 39 is elastically connected to the second cylinder 16. The outer side of the sealing ring 39 is thick and the inner side is thin. The inner side of the sealing ring 39 is inclined to the left, so that the water on the left side of the sealing ring 39 cannot flow to the right, but the water on the right side of the sealing ring 39 can flow to the left, thereby preventing the river water discharged from the fourth discharge port 19 and that should have been discharged from the second discharge port 14 from entering the right side of the sealing ring 39, which helps to reduce the water content of the discharged bottom mud and at the same time prevents the bottom mud near the outer wall of the second cylinder 16 from being discharged from the second discharge port 14 and returning to the river channel to reduce the dredging effect.

[0041] A drain outlet 40, a mud outlet 41 and a sand discharge hole 42 are provided at the bottom of the casing 11. A first partition plate 44 is provided between the drain outlet 40 and the mud outlet 41, and a second partition plate 45 is provided between the mud outlet 41 and the sand discharge hole 42. The first partition plate 44 is located between the first discharge outlet 13 and the second discharge outlet 14, and the second partition plate 45 is located between the first discharge outlet 13 and the third discharge outlet 18.

[0042] Instructions for use: The first centrifugal pump 2 works to extract the bottom mud cut by the reamer at a low speed through the mud suction pipe 1. The bottom mud is in block shape and is mixed with a large amount of river water and enters the pipe body through the first inlet 8.

[0043] First motor 6 rotates first drive shaft 7, which in turn drives blade 9 and spiral blade 10 to rotate at high speed. Blade 9 cuts and pulverizes the bottom mud, mixing it with river water to form slurry. Simultaneously, sand and gravel in the bottom mud are removed. Spiral blade 10 drives the slurry through adapter 3 and flow channel 24 into second cylinder 16.

[0044] The second motor 34 drives the fourth, fifth, and sixth transmission wheels 35, 36, and 37, which in turn drive the first, second, and third transmission wheels 30, 32, and 33, respectively. By controlling the speed ratios between the fourth transmission wheel 35 and the first transmission wheel 30, the fifth transmission wheel 36 and the second transmission wheel 32, and the sixth transmission wheel 37 and the third transmission wheel 33, the rotational speed of the first transmission wheel 30 is set between 5000 and 6000 rpm, the rotational speed of the second transmission wheel 32 is 150 to 200 rpm lower than that of the first transmission wheel 30, and the rotational speed of the third transmission wheel 33 is 50 to 100 rpm lower than that of the second transmission wheel 32. By controlling the speed differential, the resulting sediment moisture content can be reduced.

[0045] The first transmission wheel 30 drives the first cylinder 12 to rotate through the first adapter sleeve 28 , the second transmission wheel 32 drives the second cylinder 16 to rotate through the second adapter sleeve 31 , and the third transmission wheel 33 drives the second drive shaft 23 to rotate.

[0046] The mud rotates at high speed in the second cylinder 16. Due to the high density of the mud and sand, they move outward under the action of centrifugal force, while the river water moves closer to the axis. The river water is pushed by the second push plate 25 and discharged through the fourth outlet 19, the second outlet 14, and the drain port 40 in sequence, returning to the river channel. The sand and gravel are intercepted on the inner wall of the second cylinder 16, while the mud and some water pass through the filter holes 17. Due to the speed difference between the second drive shaft 23 and the second cylinder 16, the third push plate 26 pushes the sand and gravel to the right along the inner wall of the second cylinder 16. During the movement, the sand and gravel are turned over, facilitating the passage of mud trapped in the sand and gravel through the filter holes 17. The sand and gravel are discharged from the third outlet 18 and the sand discharge hole 42.

[0047] After passing through filter holes 17, the mud and water are separated. The mud adheres to the inner wall of the first cylinder 12 and is driven rightward by the first push plate 21. It is discharged through the first discharge port 13 and the mud discharge port 41. The discharged mud is then driven by the second centrifugal pump and transported to the storage yard through a closed pipeline. As the mud moves rightward, the water is squeezed by the mud and moved leftward. It then passes through the outside of the sealing ring 39 and is discharged through the second discharge port 14.

[0048] The large speed difference between the third push plate 26 and the second cylinder 16 allows for rapid discharge of sand and gravel, allowing the mud to quickly pass through the filter holes 17 and avoid clogging. The small speed difference between the first push plate 21 and the first cylinder 12 allows for a slower pushing speed, allowing ample time for mud and water separation, resulting in a low moisture content in the discharged bottom mud.

Claims

1. A river dredging system, comprising a dredging vessel, wherein an auger is provided on the hull of the dredging vessel, a cutter is provided at the front end of the auger, a dredge suction pipe (1) is provided on one side of the auger, the lower end of the dredge suction pipe (1) is close to the cutter, and a first centrifugal pump (2) is provided at the upper end of the dredge suction pipe (1), characterized in that: The outlet of the first centrifugal pump (2) is connected to the separation mechanism via a breaking mechanism, and the separation mechanism is connected to the closed pipeline via a second centrifugal pump; The dispersing mechanism comprises a vertical tube body (5), the upper end of the tube body (5) is closed, a first motor (6) is provided at the upper end of the tube body (5), a first drive shaft (7) is provided in the tube body (5), the first drive shaft (7) is connected to the output end of the first motor (6), a cutting assembly and a drive assembly are provided on the first drive shaft (7), a first inlet (8) connected to the first centrifugal pump (2) is provided on the side wall of the upper part of the tube body (5), and the cutting assembly and the drive assembly are both located below the first inlet (8); The separation mechanism comprises a housing (11), a first cylinder (12) is provided in the housing (11), a first discharge outlet (13) is provided at one end of the first cylinder (12), a second discharge outlet (14) is provided at the other end of the first cylinder (12), and one end of the first cylinder (12) is contracted inwardly to form a first conical portion (15); A second cylinder (16) is provided in the first cylinder (12), a plurality of filter holes (17) are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the second cylinder (16), a third discharge port (18) is provided at one end of the second cylinder (16), an axial distance between the third discharge port (18) and the first cylinder (12) is smaller than an axial distance between the second discharge port (14) and the first cylinder (12), a fourth discharge port (19) is provided at the other end of the second cylinder (16), and one end of the second cylinder (16) extends out of the first cylinder (1 2) and then rotatably connected to the housing (11), one end of the second cylinder (16) contracts inward to form a second conical portion (20), the second conical portion (20) is located inside the first conical portion (15), a spiral first pushing plate (21) is provided between the second cylinder (16) and the first cylinder (12), the outer side of the first pushing plate (21) is in contact with the first cylinder (12), and the inner side of the first pushing plate (21) is fixed to the second cylinder (16) via a first bracket (22); A second drive shaft (23) is provided in the second cylinder (16), and the second drive shaft (23) passes through the second cylinder (16) and the housing (11) in sequence. A flow channel (24) is provided in the second drive shaft (23), and one end of the flow channel (24) is connected to the lower end of the tube body (5) through a rotary joint (3). The other end of the flow channel (24) is located in the middle of the second drive shaft (23). A spiral second push plate (25) is provided on the outer circumference of the second drive shaft (23), and a spiral third push plate (26) is provided on the outer side of the second push plate (25). The outer side of the third push plate (26) is in contact with the second cylinder (16), and the inner side of the third push plate (26) is fixed to the second drive shaft (23) through a second bracket (27); The spiral directions of the first pushing plate (21) and the second pushing plate (25) are opposite, and the spiral directions of the first pushing plate (21) and the third pushing plate (26) are the same; A power mechanism is provided outside the casing (11), and the first cylinder (12), the second cylinder (16) and the second drive shaft (23) are all connected to the power mechanism.

2. The river dredging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple cutting assemblies, each of which includes multiple horizontal blades (9) that are evenly distributed circumferentially. The driving assembly includes multiple spiral blades (10) that are evenly distributed circumferentially. Both the blades (9) and the spiral blades (10) are fixed to the first driving shaft (7).

3. The river dredging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the first cylinder (12) is provided with a first adapter sleeve (28) extending out of the housing (11), the first adapter sleeve (28) is communicated with the interior of the first cylinder (12), a first transmission wheel (30) is provided on the outside of the first adapter sleeve (28), a second adapter sleeve (31) fixed to the second cylinder (16) is provided inside the first adapter sleeve (28), the second adapter sleeve (31) extends out of the first adapter sleeve (28) and is provided with a second transmission wheel (32), and the second drive shaft (23) extends out of the second adapter sleeve (31) and is provided with a third transmission wheel (33); The power mechanism includes a second motor (34) fixed to the top of the housing (11), and an output end of the second motor (34) is provided with a fourth transmission wheel (35), a fifth transmission wheel (36) and a sixth transmission wheel (37) in sequence, and a belt (38) is provided between the fourth transmission wheel (35) and the first transmission wheel (30), between the fifth transmission wheel (36) and the second transmission wheel (32), and between the sixth transmission wheel (37) and the third transmission wheel (33).

4. The river dredging system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first adapter sleeve (28) is connected to the housing (11) by a bearing, the first adapter sleeve (28) is connected to the second adapter sleeve (31) by a bearing, and the second adapter sleeve (31) is connected to the second drive shaft (23) by a bearing.

5. The river dredging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the first cylinder (12) is connected to one end of the second cylinder (16) by a bearing, and one end of the second cylinder (16) is connected to the housing (11) by a bearing.

6. The river dredging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conical sealing ring (39) is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the other end of the second cylinder (16). The outer side of the sealing ring (39) is fixed to the first cylinder (12), and the inner side of the sealing ring (39) is elastically connected to the second cylinder (16). The small end of the sealing ring (39) faces the second discharge port (14).

7. The river dredging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the casing (11) is provided with a water discharge port (40), a mud discharge port (41) and a sand discharge hole (42).

8. The method for using the river dredging system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The lumpy bottom mud is dispersed into slurry through the breaking mechanism, so that the sand and gravel wrapped in the bottom mud fall out; The first cylinder (12), the second cylinder (16) and the second drive shaft (23) are rotated in the same direction by a power mechanism, and the rotation speeds of the first cylinder (12), the second cylinder (16) and the second drive shaft (23) are increased or decreased in sequence, so that river water, bottom mud and sand and gravel are separated and discharged from the drainage port (40), the mud discharge port (41) and the sand discharge hole (42) respectively. The discharged bottom mud enters the closed pipeline through the second centrifugal pump and is transported to the storage yard.

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